Theo Brandsma KNMI, the Netherlands International workshop on the digitization of historical climate data the new SACA&D databases and climate analysis in the Asian region Citeko, Bogor, Indonesia, 2-5 April 2012 Hourly meteorological observations of Batavia/Jakarta in the 1866-1980 period
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Theo BrandsmaKNMI, the Netherlands
International workshop onthe digitization of historical climate data
the new SACA&D databases and climate analysis in the Asian region
Citeko, Bogor, Indonesia, 2-5 April 2012
Hourly meteorological observations of Batavia/Jakarta in the 1866-1980 period
2
Didah
1.Yearbooks with hourly data of Batavia/Jakarta (1866-1980)
2.Yearbooks with daily rainfall (1879-1916)
3.Yearbooks with monthly rainfall characteristics (1917-1965)
4.Yearbooks with monthly/annual data of secondary stations
(1910-1973)
5.Post 1970 data
Didah data sources
3
Background of the observatory and the measurements
4
•
Background of the observatory and the measurements
Situation of Batavia/Jakarta
5
Background of the observatory and the measurements
Batavia/Jakarta in 1866
Observatory •
6
Jakarta today
Background of the observatory and the measurements
7
Background of the observatory and the measurements
Map of the observatory (1924)
8
9
1.Temperature
2.Rainfall
3.Air pressure
4.Relative humidity
5.Wind direction
6.Wind speed (from 1879 onwards)
7.Cloudiness (from 1880 onwards)
Main measured/observed meteorological variables
Background of the observatory and the measurements
10
Background of the observatory and the measurements
Thermometer screen
11
Digitization and quality control
12
Digitization and quality control
Example from the yearbooks
1.Scanning2.OCR3.Quality control4.Database
13
Some results
14
Batavia/Jakarta annual mean temperature (1866-1980)
1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000year
25.0
25.5
26.0
26.5
27.0
27.5
28.0
Tem
pera
ture
(°C
)
Some results
15
Batavia/Jakarta diurnal cycle changes (1866-1980)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24hour
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Tem
pera
ture
(°C
)
1866-18901891-19201921-19501951-1980
Some results
16
Population growth in Batavia/Jakarta 1870-2010
1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000year
105
106
107
45678
2
3
45678
2
3
45678
popu
latio
n
Some results
17
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24hour
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Rai
nfal
l (m
m)
1866-18751876-1885
Batavia/Jakarta diurnal rainfall cycle changes (1866-1885)
Some results
18
1. Validation of climate models
2. Construction of baseline climate and development of climate
scenarios
3. Study of long term climate trends and variability
4. Study of the impact of the urban heat island on climate
variables in Batavia/Jakarta
Possible applications of the dataset
19
Teeeee Keeee
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