12/6/2017 1 December Educational Webinar 2017 Dr Tania Cubitt Performance Horse Nutrition Hoof Health: Foundation Formula 2 NUTRITION & THE HOOF • The hoof wall grows downward at a rate of 1/4 to 3/8ths of an inch per month. • Things such as nutrition, breed, age (increased growth in younger animals), and season of the year all influence the rate of growth. 3 WATER • Cool weather 10‐12 gallons • Hot weather 20‐25 gallons • Increases with lactation, heat, exercise • Usually drink ¼‐½ gallon / 1 lb hay
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12/6/2017
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December Educational Webinar 2017
Dr Tania CubittPerformance Horse Nutrition
Hoof Health: Foundation Formula
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NUTRITION & THE HOOF
• The hoof wall grows downward at a rate of 1/4 to 3/8ths of an inch per month.
• Things such as nutrition, breed, age (increased growth in younger animals), and season of the year all influence the rate of growth.
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WATER
• Cool weather 10‐12 gallons
• Hot weather 20‐25 gallons
• Increases with lactation, heat, exercise
• Usually drink ¼‐½ gallon / 1 lb hay
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WATER & HOOF FUNCTION
• Cellular functions rely on adequate tissue hydration
• Dermal blood flow – delivers nutrients to the hoof
• Adequate hoof moisture responsible for foot strength, elasticity and function
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WATER & HOOF FUNCTION
• The moisture content of the hoof wall comes from internal sources (80%) and from the environment (20%).
• This means that keeping a horse properly hydrated, adequately exercised (helps to move fluid into the cells of the feet), and on a balanced diet are the most essential parts of maintaining healthy feet.
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DRY HOOVES
• Neglect and excessive drying. These problems often result in cracks forming in the hoof wall.
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PROTEIN
• Organic structures made of amino acids
• Most adult horses only require 8 to 10% protein in the ration,
• Lactating mares and growing foals need higher protein
• Structural proteins make muscle and tissues (hoof tissue).
• Functional proteins - enzymes
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PROTEIN ‐ QUALITY
• Some amino acids are essential
• Essential AA’s cannot be synthesized – they must be supplied in the diet
• Lysine must be supplied in the equine diet
• High quality protein sources supply essential AA:• Legumes • Alfalfa • Cereal grains • Grass
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PROTEIN & HOOF FUNCTION
• The hoof is mostly made up of protein and moisture.
• Dermal tissue & the hoof wall rely on protein to provide structural strength and function
• Epidermal cells produce 3 protein groups:• Keratin
• Keratin associated protein
• Cell envelope proteins
• Adequate amino acids critical to hoof strength
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MINERALS
• Needed in very small amounts• Body structure, fluid balance (electrolytes), nerve conduction, muscle contraction, immune function
• Macro• Ca, P, Na, Cl, Mg, K, S
• Micro• Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, I, Se, Cr, F, etc.
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MINERAL NUTRITION
• More mineral is not always better
• Mineral Interaction
• Other methods to insure adequate absorption
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MINERALS & HOOF FUNCTION
• Calcium (Ca)• Signals formation of the rigid cell envelope during final cornification
• Zinc (Zn)• Epidermal cells, dermis and blood vessels require Zn for cell reproduction maintenance & repair