Hong Kong People ’ s Participation in Gambling Activities (2005) Prepared for Home Affairs Bureau by Social Sciences Research Centre The University of.

Hong Kong People’s Hong Kong People’s Participation in Participation in

Gambling Activities Gambling Activities (2005)(2005)

Prepared for Home Affairs BureauPrepared for Home Affairs Bureau

byby

Social Sciences Research CentreSocial Sciences Research Centre

The University of Hong KongThe University of Hong Kong

The SurveyThe Survey

Population SurveyPopulation Survey Survey Period: March to April 2005Survey Period: March to April 2005 Survey Coverage: Persons aged 15-64 in Survey Coverage: Persons aged 15-64 in all domestic households in Hong Kong all domestic households in Hong Kong (excluding domestic helpers)(excluding domestic helpers)

Sample Size: 2093Sample Size: 2093 Survey Method: Telephone interviewsSurvey Method: Telephone interviews Response Rate: 74.7% or 32.4% Response Rate: 74.7% or 32.4% (including non-contacts)(including non-contacts)

Margin of Error of Key Statistics: +/-Margin of Error of Key Statistics: +/-2.1% at 95% confidence level2.1% at 95% confidence level

The SurveyThe Survey

Youth SurveyYouth Survey Survey Period: April to May 2005Survey Period: April to May 2005 Survey Coverage: 48 classes from Survey Coverage: 48 classes from 14 secondary schools, 23 classes 14 secondary schools, 23 classes from VTC from VTC

Sample Size: 2095Sample Size: 2095 Survey Method: Self-administered Survey Method: Self-administered questionnairesquestionnaires

Population Survey Population Survey resultsresults

Participation in gambling Participation in gambling activitiesactivities

11.6%

9.9%

32.1%

13.6%

37.4%

36.4%

10.0%

13.5%

9.1%

82.1%

64.5%

38.8%

22.1%

6.5% 9.8%

1.5% 0.1%

0.2%

0.3%

0.3%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Football bettingwith HKJC

Horse racing withHKJC

Social gambling

Mark Six

Within last week Within last year Ever Never Forgotten

Base: N=2093

Amount spent on legal and Amount spent on legal and illegal gambling illegal gambling

per monthper month

25.6%

16.0%

14.6%

28.4%

18.5%

10.5%

15.7%

14.0%

13.2%

28.1%

4.4%

11.0%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

More than $1,000

$501 to $1,000

$201 to $500

$101 to $200

$51 to $100

$50 or below

Legalgambling(N=1609)

Illegalgambling(N=41)

Gambling riskGambling risk

Had avoided or reducedparticipation in gambling/

gambling-related activities toprevent children from

participating in gambling

52.9%47.1%

Yes No

Had educated children aboutthe risk and negative impact of

gambling

61.1%

38.9%

Yes No

Base: n=1188 Base: n=1328

Note: 63.7% of respondents had children

Age of first gambling experience Age of first gambling experience for gamblersfor gamblers

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

<10 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50+

Age

Base: n=1679

Who invited/persuaded to Who invited/persuaded to participate in first gamblingparticipate in first gambling

8.0%

6.0%

6.9%

7.0%

12.0%

16.9%

43.2%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Others

Siblings

Other relatives

Colleagues

Parents or grandparents

I invited others

Friends or schoolmates

Base: n=1720

Reasons for participating in Reasons for participating in first gamblingfirst gambling

5.3%

7.4%

8.4%

9.6%

15.7%

25.6%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Trying my luck

Killing time

Hoping to win

Entertaining otherpeople

Curiosity

Just for fun

Base: n=1865

Income spent on bettingIncome spent on betting

7.2%

64.6%

11.3%

11.6%

5.3%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

0%

<5%

5%

10%

Over 10%

Po

rtio

n o

f in

com

e

Base: n=1543

Awareness of the preventive and Awareness of the preventive and remedial measures to address remedial measures to address gambling related problemsgambling related problems

40.6%59.4% Yes

No

Base: N=2093

Type of measuresType of measures

9.2%

10.7%

10.9%

41.2%

88.1%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Competition and activities

Counseling and treatment services forproblem and pathological gamblers

Website

Posters and banners

TV commercials and docu-drama

Base: n=850

Problem & Pathological gamblingProblem & Pathological gambling

2.2% of respondents indicated that they had 2.2% of respondents indicated that they had experienced five or more of the problems experienced five or more of the problems covered by the DSM-IV and can be classified as covered by the DSM-IV and can be classified as “probable pathological gamblers”“probable pathological gamblers”

3.1% of respondents indicated that they had 3.1% of respondents indicated that they had experienced three or four of the problems experienced three or four of the problems covered by the DSM-IV and can be classified as covered by the DSM-IV and can be classified as “probable problem gamblers”“probable problem gamblers”

Most of the identified “probable pathological Most of the identified “probable pathological gamblers” said they experienced the DSM-IV gamblers” said they experienced the DSM-IV problems when betting on problems when betting on Horse Racing, Football Horse Racing, Football Betting, Casino (Macau) and Social GamblingBetting, Casino (Macau) and Social Gambling

Note: DSM-IV is a clinical tool, not a screening tool

Problem & Pathological Problem & Pathological gamblinggambling

1.1% of respondents could be classified as 1.1% of respondents could be classified as pathological gamblers by Dr Leung’s screenpathological gamblers by Dr Leung’s screen

3.2% of respondents could be classified as 3.2% of respondents could be classified as problem gamblers by Dr Leung’s screenproblem gamblers by Dr Leung’s screen

Overall comparison with 2001 – Overall comparison with 2001 – Population SurveyPopulation Survey

2005 2001

Samples size 2 093 respondents aged 15-64

2 004 respondents aged 15-64

Participation in gambling activities (last year)

81.1% 78.0%

The three most popular forms of gambling in HK

Mark Six (68.6%)Social gambling (47.4%)

Horse racing (25.2%)

Mark Six (64.2%)Social gambling (45.9%)

Horse racing (30.4%)

Participation in legal gambling 80.4% 77.8%

Participation in illegal gambling 2.1% 4.2%

Pathological gamblers 2.2% 1.8%

Problem gamblers 3.1% 4.0%

Participation in gambling Participation in gambling activities (last year) compared activities (last year) compared

with 2001with 2001

12.1%

1.30%

30.4%

45.9%

64.2%

15.8%

16.3%

25.2%

47.4%

68.6%

1.60%

0.40%

1.00%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Casino (Macau)

Football betting withlocal book makers

Football betting withoffshore book makers

Football betting withHKJC

Horse racing withHKJC

Social Gambling

Mark Six

2005(N=2093)

2001(N=2004)

Participation in gambling Participation in gambling activities (last year) compared activities (last year) compared

with 2001with 2001

4.2%

78.0%

2.1%

80.4%

77.8%

81.1%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Illegal

Legal

Overall

2005(N=2093)

2001(N=2004)

Amount spent on gambling Amount spent on gambling activities activities (per month)(per month)

% of respondents

Mark Six lottery

Horse racing

Football betting

Casino Ship Casino (Macau)

Social gambling

Amount 2005 2001 2005 2001 2005 2001 2005 2001 2005 2001 2005 2001

$50 or below 56.0 55.8 31.0 27.1 35.7 - 20.7 25.4 21.4 27.2 31.5 29.8

$51 to $100 24.6 25.2 16.3 13.7 18.5 - 17.5 23.8 17.3 23.9 19.5 20.9

$101 to $200 10.4 12.0 13.3 12.0 11.1 - 10.0 7.9 10.3 8.7 14.3 14.2

$201 to $500 6.2 5.1 17.9 21.1 15.9 - 6.5 20.6 19.3 15.8 20.3 24.3

$501 to $1,000 1.4 1.6 10.2 10.4 12.1 - 11.2 7.9 12.2 12.5 9.5 6.1

More than $1,000

1.3 0.3 11.2 15.7 6.6 - 34.0 14.3 19.4 12.0 4.8 4.7

Sample size (n) 1352 1069 488 517 324 - 71 63 301 184 896 655

* More than 30% of respondents (Mark in Red) 20% - 30% of respondents (Mark in Blue)

Youth Survey resultsYouth Survey results(Secondary schools + (Secondary schools +

VTC)VTC)

Participation in gambling Participation in gambling activities in the past yearactivities in the past year

15.1%

5.3%

3.1%

5.7%

24.4%

5.3%

4.6%

12.1%

26.1%

7.4%

4.5%

15.4%

32.1%

15.3%

9.5%

36.9%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Social gambling

Football games(HKJC)

Horse racing(HKJC)

Mark Six

18 to 19(N=223)

16 to 17(N=486)

14 to 15(N=647)

12 to 13(N=583)

Amount spent on gambling Amount spent on gambling activities in the past yearactivities in the past year

$89.5 (n=171)

$125.2 (n=40)

$70.7 (n=22)

$40.0 (n=117)

$0 $20 $40 $60 $80 $100 $120 $140 $160

Social gambling

Football games(HKJC)

Horse racing(HKJC)

Mark Six

Age of first gambling experience Age of first gambling experience for gamblersfor gamblers

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Age

Base: n=329

Who invited/persuaded to Who invited/persuaded to participate in participate in first gamblingfirst gambling

16.7%

9.6%

0.4%

8.7%

12.1%

13.5%

18.6%

20.5%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Do not remember

Others

HKJC's promotions

Siblings


Self

Other relatives

Friends or schoolmates

Base: n=661

Reasons for participating in Reasons for participating in first gamblingfirst gambling

12.7%

13.0%

18.3%

21.0%

28.1%

28.2%

45.3%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Excitement seeking


Just for fun

Hoping to win

Trying my luck

Curiosity

Killing time

Base: n=659

Reasons for continuing to gambleReasons for continuing to gamble

14.2%

16.9%

17.3%

20.7%

24.5%

31.3%

35.0%

53.2%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

Hoping to enchance gambling skills

Entertaining other people

Excitement

Happiness

Testing my luck

Hoping to win money

Escaping from sadness / boredom

Killing time

Base: n=565

Age of first football betting Age of first football betting experience for soccer gamblersexperience for soccer gamblers

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Age

Base: n=68

Channels to place the bet of Channels to place the bet of first football bettingfirst football betting

6.3%

5.5%

27.4%

29.0%

31.8%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Others

Mobile phone'sSMS

Schoolmates /friends

At HKJC outlets

Family membersand relatives

Base: n=113

Who invited/persuaded to Who invited/persuaded to participate in first football participate in first football

bettingbetting

9.9%

12.6%

4.7%

8.7%

8.8%

26.1%

29.3%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Do not remember

Others

Other relatives

Siblings


Friends / schoolmates

Self

Base: n=115

Reasons for participating in Reasons for participating in first football bettingfirst football betting

5.8%

6.2%

12.4%

17.8%

22.5%

31.0%

35.6%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50%

Killing time

Entertaining other people

Excitement seeking

Just for fun

Curiosity

Trying my luck

Hoping to win

Base: n=114

Reasons for continuing to gamble Reasons for continuing to gamble on football gameon football game

5.9%

8.2%

13.1%

15.4%

18.8%

22.3%

38.8%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45%


Escaping fromsadness / boredom

Killing time

Excitement

Testing my luck

Happiness

Hoping to win money

Base: n=114

Channels to place the bet *Channels to place the bet *

% of respondents

Type of gambling

Channel Mark Six Horsing Racing (through HKJC)

Football betting (through HKJC)

12-19 12-17 12-19 12-17 12-19 12-17

By family members and relatives 64.2 78.5 51.2 58.6 42.9 49.6

At HKJC outlets 33.8 14.1 19.6 9.7 29.3 13.8

From Race Course - - 12.8 13.2 - -

By schoolmates / friends 20.7 23.9 10.9 11.3 42.4 45.4

By using family members’ betting account for telephone or online betting 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.3 2.8

3.0

By using schoolmates’ / friends’ betting account for telephone or online betting

1.0 0.8 2.4 1.7 4.5 5.0

By using mobile phone’s SMS messaging service

1.3 1.3 4.4 4.8 5.5 7.0

Others 1.6 0.7 6.0 2.9 1.9 0.2

Sample Size (n) 252 171 86 66 129 95* More than 50% of respondents (Mark in Red) 20% - 50% of respondents (Mark in Blue)

Respondents’ attitude towards Respondents’ attitude towards gamblinggambling

Agreed only those who are 18 years old and over can participate ingambling activities

84.7% (n =176)

74.2% (n =337)

67.4% (n =439)

74.3% (n =409)

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

12 to 13

14 to 15

16 to 17

18 to 19

Ag

e

Respondents’ attitude towards Respondents’ attitude towards gamblinggambling

Whether would participate in gambling activities whenturned aged 18

26.5%

41.7%

49.1%

54.9%

73.5%

58.3%

50.9%

45.1%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

12 to 13

14 to 15

16 to 17

18 to 19

Ag

e

Yes

No

Base: aged 12 – 13 (355) / aged 14 – 15 (408) / aged 16 – 17 (269) / aged 18 – 19 (162)

Media influence on gambling Media influence on gambling

Make easier access to gambling information

31.3%

41.3%

44.1%

52.6%

35.6%

29.8%

25.6%

25.7%

33.1%

28.9%

30.4%

21.7%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

12 to 13

14 to 15

16 to 17

18 to 19

Ag

e

Yes

No

Don't know /did notanswer

Media coverage of different gambling activities -



Affect attitude towards gambling

9.5%

10.7%

13.0%

13.0%

59.9%

64.9%

58.9%

69.2%

30.6%

24.4%

28.1%

17.8%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

12 to 13

14 to 15

16 to 17

18 to 19

Ag

e

Yes

No

Don't know/ did notanswer




Affect participation in gambling activities

16.2%

12.0%

11.2%

53.9%

54.5%

54.7%

69.1%

26.8%

28.6%

29.7%

18.1%

4.9%

4.4%

5.5%

3.2%

7.3%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

12 to 13

14 to 15

16 to 17

18 to 19

Ag

e

Yes, it makes me want to participate in gambling activities more than before

Yes, it dissuades me from participating in gambling activities

No

Don't know / did not answer




Affect attitude towards gambling

66.2%

65.9%

64.5%

73.9%

27.8%

27.3%

26.9%

16.2%

6.0%

6.8%

9.9%

8.6%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

12 to 13

14 to 15

16 to 17

18 to 19

Ag

e

Yes

No

Don't know/ did notanswer

HKJC’s promotions (e.g. carnivals, Open Day, etc.) on different kinds of different gambling activities -



Affect participation in gambling activities

16.2%

9.3%

53.2%

60.9%

61.0%

76.4%

28.2%

27.7%

28.3%

14.5%

2.5%

2.2%

3.0%

3.0%

7.7%

6.1%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

12 to 13

14 to 15

16 to 17

18 to 19

Ag

e

Yes, it makes me want to participate in gambling activities more than before

Yes, it dissuades me from participating in gambling activities

No

Don't know / did not answer

HKJC’s promotions (e.g. carnivals, Open Day etc.) on different kinds of different gambling activities -


Problem & Pathological gamblingProblem & Pathological gambling(Students aged 12-19 of secondary (Students aged 12-19 of secondary

schools only)schools only) 1.3% of respondents indicated that they had 1.3% of respondents indicated that they had

experienced five or more of the problems experienced five or more of the problems covered by the DSM-IV and can be classified covered by the DSM-IV and can be classified as “probable pathological gamblers”as “probable pathological gamblers”

1.3% of respondents indicated that they had 1.3% of respondents indicated that they had experienced three or four of the problems experienced three or four of the problems covered by the DSM-IV and can be classified covered by the DSM-IV and can be classified as “probable problem gamblers”as “probable problem gamblers”

Most of the identified “probable pathological Most of the identified “probable pathological gamblers” said they experienced the DSM-IV gamblers” said they experienced the DSM-IV problems when betting on problems when betting on Mark Six, Football Mark Six, Football Betting, Social Gambling and cussecBetting, Social Gambling and cussec

Note: DSM-IV is a clinical tool, not a screening tool

Problem & Pathological gamblingProblem & Pathological gambling(secondary schools + VTC)(secondary schools + VTC)

1.3% of respondents could be classified as 1.3% of respondents could be classified as pathological gamblers by Dr Leung’s screenpathological gamblers by Dr Leung’s screen

0.8% of respondents could be classified as 0.8% of respondents could be classified as problem gamblers by Dr Leung’s screenproblem gamblers by Dr Leung’s screen

Awareness of preventive and Awareness of preventive and remedial measures to address remedial measures to address gambling related problemsgambling related problems

41.9%58.1% Yes

No

Base: n=2019

Type of measuresType of measures

15.2%

20.5%

20.9%

55.9%

73.9%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Competition and activities

Website

Counseling and treatment services forproblem and pathological gamblers

Posters and banners

TV commercials and docu-drama

Base: n=790

Family’s reactions to Family’s reactions to participation in gambling participation in gambling

activitiesactivities

4.9%

9.8%

9.9%

11.9%

12.6%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

They support me

They persuade me to gamble less

They don't know that I gamble

They give me advices on gambling

They feel calm

Base: n=679 (who had participated in any gambling activities within last year)

Comparison with 2001– Youth Comparison with 2001– Youth SurveySurvey

2005 2001

Survey coverageSecondary schools and VTC

classesSecondary schools

Samples size1 939 students (1496 for secondary schools) aged between 12-19

2 000 respondents aged between 13-18

Participation in gambling (last year)

32.3% (34.0% for secondary schools

only)53.8%

The three most popular forms of gambling

Social gambling :22.9% (24.5% for secondary schools

only)Mark Six :13.8%

(15.0% for secondary schools only)

Football betting with HKJC :7.0% ( 6.8% for secondary schools only)

Social gambling (49.2%)Mark Six (19.4%)

Horse racing (9.2%)

Pathological gamblers1.5%

(1.3% for secondary schools only)2.6%

Problem gamblers1.1%

(1.3% for secondary schools only)4.5%

Participation in gambling Participation in gambling activities as compared with 2001 activities as compared with 2001

– Mark Six – Mark Six (secondary schools only)(secondary schools only)

14.8%

23.7%

38.0%

12.1%

14.6%

10.0%

33.5%

5.6%

0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0%

12-13

14-15

16-17

18-19

Ag

e

2005

2001

Base: 2005 survey Aged 12-13 (284) / Aged 14-15 (514) / Aged 16-17 (465) / Aged 18-19 (233) 2001 survey Aged 12-13 (271) / Aged 14-15 (825) / Aged 16-17 (754) / Aged 18-19 (150)


– Horse Racing (HKJC) – Horse Racing (HKJC) (secondary schools only)(secondary schools only)

6.7%

12.6%

18.0%

4.7%

3.9%

6.4%

2.2%3.2%

0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0%

12-13

14-15

16-17

18-19

Ag

e

2005

2001



– Football Betting – Football Betting (secondary schools only)(secondary schools only)

4.6%

8.4%

4.7%

5.3%

6.5%

12.9%

1.8%5.3%

0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0%

12-13

14-15

16-17

18-19

Ag

e

2005

2001



– Social Gambling – Social Gambling (secondary schools only)(secondary schools only)

45.6%

55.4%

59.3%

24.3%

26.2%

33.0%

33.2%15.1%

0.0% 20.0% 40.0% 60.0% 80.0%

12-13

14-15

16-17

18-19

Ag

e

2005

2001


Amount spent on gambling as Amount spent on gambling as compared with 2001 compared with 2001

(underage secondary school (underage secondary school students only)students only)

$172.1(n=266)

$104.2(n=148)

$0 $50 $100 $150 $200

2001

2005

Focus Groups ResultsFocus Groups Results

BackgroundBackground 5 focus group discussions were conducted5 focus group discussions were conducted

5 target groups:5 target groups:

(i) Pathological gamblers(i) Pathological gamblers

(ii) Family members of pathological gamblers(ii) Family members of pathological gamblers

(iii) Social gamblers(iii) Social gamblers

(iv) Youth (aged 18-24)(iv) Youth (aged 18-24)

(v) Students (aged 18 or below)(v) Students (aged 18 or below)

Pathological gamblersPathological gamblers Reasons and causes of pathological Reasons and causes of pathological gambling:gambling:

Winning brings good emotionsWinning brings good emotions Believing that they have control over the Believing that they have control over the situation and other peoplesituation and other people

Greed Greed Hoping to get ahead Hoping to get ahead Not satisfied with current life or jobNot satisfied with current life or job

Chasing lossesChasing losses Becoming a habitBecoming a habit ExcitementExcitement

Pathological gamblersPathological gamblers Behaviours and consequencesBehaviours and consequences

““Gambling marathon” Gambling marathon” Not going to work/not going homeNot going to work/not going home

Lying/cheatingLying/cheating Anxiousness, loneliness, headache, loss of Anxiousness, loneliness, headache, loss of appetite, unstable emotions, insomnia, etc. appetite, unstable emotions, insomnia, etc.

Loss of relationships and jobsLoss of relationships and jobs Financial hardships Financial hardships $ from family members, $ from family members, relatives, friends, loan sharks, banks, etc.relatives, friends, loan sharks, banks, etc.

Family members of pathological Family members of pathological gamblersgamblers Perceived reasons and causes of Perceived reasons and causes of pathological gambling:pathological gambling:

HKJC’s or casinos’ adsHKJC’s or casinos’ ads Media and friends’ influenceMedia and friends’ influence Gamblers’ character – e.g. no personal goal, no direction in Gamblers’ character – e.g. no personal goal, no direction in life, easily influenced by other people, low self-esteem, etc.life, easily influenced by other people, low self-esteem, etc.

Gamblers’ values – e.g. $ is very importantGamblers’ values – e.g. $ is very important

Gamblers’ first gambling experienceGamblers’ first gambling experience

Gamblers’ family background Gamblers’ family background

Family members of pathological Family members of pathological gamblersgamblers Consequences caused by the Consequences caused by the pathological family memberpathological family member

Loan sharks approaching home Loan sharks approaching home Financial hardships of the family – e.g. no $ to Financial hardships of the family – e.g. no $ to pay for daily expensespay for daily expenses

Loss of trust – keep on breaking promisesLoss of trust – keep on breaking promises Loneliness, embarrassment (when neighbors/relatives discovered Loneliness, embarrassment (when neighbors/relatives discovered the issue), unstable emotions, helplessness, hopelessness, etc.the issue), unstable emotions, helplessness, hopelessness, etc.

Loss of relationships Loss of relationships

Social gamblersSocial gamblers Reasons for participation in gambling:Reasons for participation in gambling:

The process brings good emotions – happy, The process brings good emotions – happy, exciting, etc.exciting, etc.

Releasing pressureReleasing pressure A kind of entertainment & social activityA kind of entertainment & social activity

Checking their skills on a game Checking their skills on a game

Wanting to know if good predictions madeWanting to know if good predictions made

Attractive pool size & special tipsAttractive pool size & special tips

Special ads and variety of playing methodsSpecial ads and variety of playing methods

Social gamblersSocial gamblers Difference with pathological gamblersDifference with pathological gamblers

Gambling won’t lead to prosperity Gambling won’t lead to prosperity

Better self control – gambling on an affordable Better self control – gambling on an affordable amount, set $ limit, etc.amount, set $ limit, etc.

Can’t afford the great loss in $ and the Can’t afford the great loss in $ and the consequences caused by problem gamblingconsequences caused by problem gambling

No chasing losses No chasing losses

YouthYouth Reasons for participation in gambling:Reasons for participation in gambling:

Family and cultural influence – parents thinks Family and cultural influence – parents thinks it’s normalit’s normal

Social function/entertainmentSocial function/entertainment Exciting and funExciting and fun Attractive pool size Attractive pool size Other perceived reasons (not personal reasons): winning in first gambling, Other perceived reasons (not personal reasons): winning in first gambling, attractive ads, chasing losses, wanting to win $ to improve standards of attractive ads, chasing losses, wanting to win $ to improve standards of living, etc.living, etc.

StudentsStudents Reasons for participation in gambling:Reasons for participation in gambling:

Parents’ and friends’ influence – think gambling Parents’ and friends’ influence – think gambling is normal for the Chinese cultureis normal for the Chinese culture

Gambling is funGambling is fun A kind of entertainment & social activity – A kind of entertainment & social activity – improve relationships and communicationimprove relationships and communication

WinningWinning Losing – chasing lossesLosing – chasing losses Special tips and oddsSpecial tips and odds

The EndThe End

Hong Kong People ’ s Participation in Gambling Activities (2005) Prepared for Home Affairs Bureau by Social Sciences Research Centre The University of.

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