® Intel’s Labs 1 HomeRF: Bringing Wireless Connectivity Home Jim Lansford Wireless Systems Architect Intel Corporation Technical Committee Chair Home RF Working Group March 9, 1999
®Intel’s Labs1
HomeRF:Bringing WirelessConnectivity Home
Jim LansfordWireless Systems ArchitectIntel CorporationTechnical Committee ChairHome RF Working Group
March 9, 1999
®Intel’s Labs2
Where does wireless fit?
Part of the home intranet mix
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• Core home networking capabilities, including internet,anywhere in and around the home
• Share wireless voice and data
• Review incoming messages
• Activate other home electronic systems by voice
• Needed in countries where phone lines cannot beused
®Intel’s Labs3
●“No new wires”
●Simple to Install
●Easy to Use
●Low Cost: ~$200 for2 PCs
●Bandwidth To Support CommonHome Applications
●Industry Standards
Home Networking Solutions Designedfor the Home User
®Intel’s Labs4
Home Networking Needs 1 Mbps
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First Home NWApplications
®Intel’s Labs5
HomeRF™ Working GroupMission Statement
To enable the existence of a broadrange of interoperable consumerdevices, by establishing an openindustry specification for unlicensedRF digital communications for PCsand consumer devices anywhere, inand around the home.
®Intel’s Labs6
Establishing SWAP-CA
It happened one daye.g. ISA, Soundblaster
Standards bodye.g., ITU, IEEE, ANSI
Industry leadershipand dedicated forume.g., IrDA, TAPI, USB
SWAP-CA
Shared Wireless Access Protocol - Cordless Access
®Intel’s Labs7
Broad, cross industry supportl Communicationsl Consumer Electronicsl Home Control/Home Automationl Networkingl Peripheralsl Personal Computerl Semiconductors/Componentsl Software
70+ Member Companies
®Intel’s Labs8
Partial Membership Roster(70+ companies are now Participants)
l 3COMl Alpsl Advanced Micro Devicesl Aironetl Applel Broadcom Corporationl Butterfly
Communicationsl Casiol Cirrus Logicl Cisco Systemsl Compaql Ericsson Enterprise
Networksl Fujitsul Harris Semiconductorl Hewlett-Packardl Hosidenl IBM
l Primaxl Philips Consumer
Communications (PCC)l Proximl Raytheon Wireless Solutionsl RF Monolithicsl RF Micro Devicesl Rockwell Semiconductor
Systemsl Samsung Electronicsl Sharpl ShareWavel Siemensl Siemens Microelectronicsl Silicon Wavel Symbionicsl Symboll Texas Instrumentsl WebGear
lIntellIntellonlInterval ResearchlIndustrial Tech. ResearchliReady SystemslKansai DenkilLG ElectronicslMatsushita ElectronicslMatsushita WorkslMicrosoftlMitsubishilMotorolalNational SemiconductorlNEC Corporation lNortellOkilOsitis Software
®Intel’s Labs9
SWAP ProductDevelopment
l ButterflyCommunications
l Compaq
l Hewlett-Packardl IBMl Intel
l iReady
l Microsoft
l Motorolal Proxim
l OTC Telecoml RF Monolithicsl Samsung
l Symbionics
The following member companies aredeveloping SWAP products:
®Intel’s Labs10
Enabling the Vision
PrinterCamera Game Pad
USB
Stereo Camcorder VCR TVMultimedia (e.g. 1394)
Grandma’s Brownies3 cups flour1 cup grated chocolate1 cup sugar1 stick butter
HomeRF SWAP
Control Point
HomePNA
Phone
Cable1394
®Intel’s Labs11
The SWAP Network
Other Home Networks(HPNA,phone,AC)
TCP/IP BasedNetwork of
AsynchronousPeer-PeerDevices
Main Home PC
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Isochronous Clients
Grandma’s Brownies3 cups flour1 cup grated chocolate1 cup sugar1 stick butter
PSTNHomeRFControl Point
USB
Internet
®Intel’s Labs12
HomeRF Origins802.11
Uses CSMA/CAGood for Data
DECTUses TDMA
Good for Voice
SWAPTDMA + CSMA/CA
Good for Voice & DataOptimized for small networks (in home)
Simplified radio & protocol to reduce costBoth voice and data are important for home RF
®Intel’s Labs13
Why a new protocol?l It handles voice like DECT or PHS, but...
uFrequency hoppingu20 ms frames (better for data)uinterleaved up and down linksuRetransmission (single)
l It handles data like 802.11, but...uRelaxed PHY layer specs to reduce costuBeacons to manage isochronous trafficuSimplified protocol (no PCF)
•IP data at up to 2Mb/s and supports cordless telephony
®Intel’s Labs14
SWAP Features
lRange: >50 meters indoors
lSpeed: dual speed - supports TCP/IPtraffic at over 1Mb/s
lVoice: High quality voice channelswith retransmissionuHigh quality cordless telephonesuVoice recognition
®Intel’s Labs15
Device Types
Cordless Telephone
Isochronous (I node)> minimum latency -telephones, etc.
Asynchronous (A node)> TCP/IP traffic
Fridge pad
Grandma’s3 cups flour1 cup grated chocolate1 cup sugar1 stick butter1/2 cup chopped walnutsminutes.
HOME INDEX
•CP - Connection point…can manage anetwork or act as an A node
• Can be USB, PCI, PC-Card, Device Bay, etc.• CP can place calls even when PC is down
CP
PSTN
®Intel’s Labs16
Topology
CP
Connection Point*
PSTN
SWAP Frame
• It’s a circuit switched, isochronous network
TDMAI Node TDMA
I Node
TDMAI Node
CP
CSMAA Node
Fridge pad
Grandma’s3 cups flour1 cup grated chocolate1 cup sugar1 stick butter1/2 cup chopped walnutsminutes.
HOME INDEX
CSMAA Node
CP
CSMAA Node
CSMAA Node
• It’s a packet switched, asynchronous network
HOME INDEX
CSMA & TDMAA/I Node
• It’s both - I nodes get priority on bandwidth
®Intel’s Labs17
l Nominal 100 mW transmit powerl Minimum receiver sensitivity of -76 dBm
(2FSK)u range >50 m in typical homes/yards
u -85 dBm sensitivity typical
l Cost effective filter requirementsuUse MAC to reduce PHY costuMakes single-chip integration simpler
PHY Features
®Intel’s Labs18
l MAC provides good support for voice and data
l Leverages existing DECT technology for voicel Excellent integration with TCP/IP networking protocols
u easy integration with Ethernet
uSupports broadcast, multicast and fragmenting
l Data security - Basic/Enhanced levels of encryptionuBasic: 24-bit Network ID and Frequency Hopping
uEnhanced: Basic + LFSR algorithm
l Extensive power management for ultra-portable devices
MAC Features
Optimizes exis ting technology for home use
®Intel’s Labs19
The PC interfacel SWAP’s PC connection is designed for use under
Windows 98 * , Windows2000 *, and beyonduWake on ringuConnection Oriented NDIS (NDIS 5…for Windows2000 *)uA nodes appear as Ethernet devicesu I nodes become Connection Oriented clients
* Third party brands and marks areproperty of their respective owners.
®Intel’s Labs20
PC S oftware ArchitectureDiagram
RCA filterNDIS TAPI proxy
TAPI 3.0 connection-oriented client
connection-less clientDirectShow*
“Ethernet”MP/CM
connectionless I/Fconnection-oriented I/F
Windows2000*
Windows2000*
Windows2000*
* Third party brands and marks areproperty of their respective owners.
®Intel’s Labs21
Voice: Robust clarity• Service Slot used by nodes to
Page Control PointControl Point Beacon
B Contention periodCSMA/CA access mechanism
Ho
p
Service Slot
• Superframe structure controlled by Beacon
Superframe - 20ms
Ho
p
Uplink Slots
Downlink Slots
• TDMA slot pairs allocated by the Control Point
D2
U3
D3
U2
D1
U1
• Voice data transmitted in the slots in CFP #2
D4
U4
D2
U3
D3
U2
D1
U1
CFP #2Contention free periods
• Any voice data to be retransmitted is sent:– In CFP1, after a hop– frequency/time diversity & low latency
D3 D4
U3 U4
CFP #1
®Intel’s Labs22
Data transmission
• CSMA/CA during the contention period• Efficient for small networks• Tolerant of interference• Data for entire frame if no voice
Service Slot
Contention periodCSMA/CA access mechanism
Ho
p
Superframe - 20ms
B D3 D4
U3 U4
D4
U4
D2
U3
D3
U2
D1
U1
Ho
pD2
U3
D3
U2
D1
U1
CFP #2CFP #1Contention free periods
®Intel’s Labs23
Encryption Algorithm
l Open, royalty free - published in openliterature over 30 years ago
l Low gate countl Fast “warm up”l Required for CP in the US market, optional
for other devices and geographiesl Robustl Similar concept to GSM A5 algorithm, but
“stronger”
®Intel’s Labs24
Usage - Voice Control
CP IWU Co-NDIS
Application
PCCP
PSTN
TDMAI Node
Fridge pad
Grandma’s3 cups flour1 cup grated chocolate1 cup sugar1 stick butter1/2 cup chopped walnutsminutes.
HOME INDEX
CSMAA Node
• Handset initiates voicetransfer to PC
• Application acceptsstreaming audio from CP
• Application performs speechrecognition and sendscommands back down stack
• For automatic callplacement, CP dials numberand connects handset
• Handset - PSTNconnection remains untilcall teardown
Data traffic can also be active
®Intel’s Labs25
Usage - ISP Sharing
TDMAI Node
Fridge pad
Grandma’s3 cups flour1 cup grated chocolate1 cup sugar1 stick butter1/2 cup chopped walnutsminutes.
HOME INDEX
CSMAA Node
CSMAA Node
CP IWU Co-NDIS
Application
PCCP
PSTN
• PC initiates ISP connection(modem, ISDN, UDSL, Cable, etc.)
• Applications on host PC canaccess ISP immediately
• Remote A nodes access ISPthrough NAT and TCP/IP
• Remote A nodes can alsoshare files and printers
• Ad hoc peer-peer transfersbetween nodes do not requireresources of “server” PC
USB
Voice traffic can also be active
®Intel’s Labs26
Timeline
Home RF W
orking Group Announced
Published R0.5 (Functionally complete)
Reached 50 mem
bers
‘98Q1
‘98Q2
‘98Q3
‘98Q4
‘99Q3
‘99Q2
Sample Physical Layer radios
Define Logo Usage Requirements
‘99Q1
SWAP 1.0 Provisional Specification
‘992H
First Products
SWAP 1.1 Specification
www.homerf.org
®Intel’s Labs27
HomeRF Summary
lHome RF Working group developingopen, royalty free spec
lOver 80 member companies
lNOW is the time to beginimplementation plans
lMore info (including membership) atwww.homerf.org
l$4,800 membership fee