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IdentificationName HydrocortisoneAccession Number

DB00741 (APRD01019)

Type small moleculeGroups approved

DescriptionThe main glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex. Its synthetic counterpart is used, either as an injection or topically, in the treatment of inflammation, allergy, collagen diseases, asthma, adrenocortical deficiency, shock, and some neoplastic conditions. [PubChem]

Structure

Download: MOL | SDF | SMILES | InChI Display: 2D Structure | 3D Structure

Synonyms

11beta-Hydroxycortisone 17alpha-Hydroxycorticosterone Anti-inflammatory hormone Dihydrocostisone Hidrocortisona [INN-Spanish] Hydrocorticosterone Hydrocortisone Acetate Hydrocortisone alcohol Hydrocortisone Base Hydrocortisone Butyrate Hydrocortisone free alcohol Hydrocortisone Sodium Phosphate Hydrocortisone Valerate Hydrocortisonum [INN-Latin] Hydroxycortisone

Idrocortisone [DCIT]Brand names

Acticort Aeroseb HC Aeroseb-HC Ala-cort Ala-Scalp Alacort Algicirtis Alphaderm Amberin Anflam Anusol HC Aquacort Aquanil HC Balneol-hc Barseb HC Basan-Corti Beta-hc CaldeCORT Spray Cetacort Clear aid Cleiton

Cobadex Colocort Compound F Cort-Dome Cort-Quin Cortaid Cortanal Cortef Cortef Acetate Cortenema Cortesal Corticreme Cortifan Cortifoam Cortiment Cortisol Cortisol alcohol Cortisolonum Cortisporin Cortisporin Otico Cortispray Cortolotion Cortonema Cortoxide Cortril Cremesone Cremicort-H Cutisol Delacort Derm-Aid Dermacort Dermaspray Dermil Dermocortal Dermolate Dioderm Dome-cort Domolene-HC Dricort Drotic EF corlin Efcorbin Efcortelan Efcortelin Eldecort Eldercort

Epicort Epiderm H Esiderm H Evacort Ficortril Fiocortril Flexicort Foille Insetti Genacort Glycort Gyno-Cortisone H-Cort Heb Cort Heb-Cort Hemsol-HC Hi-cor Hidalone Hidro-Colisona Hycort Hycortol Hycortole Hydracort Hydrasson Hydro-adreson Hydro-colisona Hydrocort Hydrocortal Hydrocortistab Hydrocortisyl Hydrocortone Hydroskin Hysone Hytisone Hytone Hytone lotion Incortin-H Incortin-hydrogen Kendall's compound F Komed HC Kyypakkaus Lacticare HC Lacticare-HC Lactisona Locoid Locoid Lipocream Lubricort

Maintasone Medicort Meusicort Micort-hc Mildison Milliderm Neosporin-H Ear Nogenic HC Nutracort Nystaform-HC Optef Orabase HCA Otalgine Otobiotic Otocort Otosone-F Pandel Pediotic Suspension Penecort Permicort Polcort H Preparation H Hydrocortisone Cream Prepcort Prevex HC Proctocort Proctofoam Protocort Racet Rectoid Reichstein's Substance M Remederm HC Sanatison Scalpicin Capilar Schericur Scheroson F Sigmacort Signef Stie-cort Stiefcorcil Synacort Systral Hydrocort Tarcortin Tetrahydro E Tetrahydrocompound E Texacort Texacort lotion 25

THE Thyrotropic-releasing factor Timocort Transderma H Traumaide Uniderm Urocortisone Vioform-Hydrocortisone VoSol HC Vytone Westcort

ZenoxoneBrand name mixtures

Actinac Pwr (Allantoin + Butoxyethyl Nicotinate + Chloramphenicol + Hydrocortisone Acetate + Sulfur)

Actinac Pws (Allantoin + Butoxyethyl Nicotinate + Chloramphenicol + Hydrocortisone Acetate + Sulfur)

Calmurid Hc Crm (Hydrocortisone + Urea) Cortisporin (Bacitracin Zinc + Hydrocortisone + Neomycin Sulfate +

Polymyxin B Sulfate) Eye and Wound Powder (Chlorhexidine Hydrochloride +

Hydrocortisone Acetate + Penicillin G Procaine + Sulfathiazole) Forte Topical Suspension (Hydrocortisone Acetate + Hydrocortisone

Sodium Succinate + Neomycin (Neomycin Sulfate) + Penicillin G Procaine + Polymyxin B Sulfate)

Neo-Cortef Eye Ear Dps (Hydrocortisone Acetate + Neomycin Sulfate)

Neo-Cortef Eye Ear Drops Sterile Suspension (Hydrocortisone Acetate + Neomycin Sulfate)

Neo-Cortef Eye Ear Ont (Hydrocortisone Acetate + Neomycin Sulfate)

Ophthocort Ont (Chloramphenicol + Hydrocortisone Acetate + Polymyxin B (Polymyxin B Sulfate))

Otizol Hc Liq (Hydrocortisone (Hydrocortisone Acetate) + Lidocaine (Lidocaine Hydrochloride) + Neomycin (Neomycin Sulfate))

Proctosedyl Ointment (Dibucaine Hydrochloride + Esculin + Framycetin Sulfate + Hydrocortisone)

Proctosedyl Sup (Dibucaine Hydrochloride + Esculin + Framycetin Sulfate + Hydrocortisone)

Proctosedyl Suppositories (Dibucaine Hydrochloride + Esculin + Framycetin Sulfate + Hydrocortisone)

Proctosone Ont (Dibucaine Hydrochloride + Esculin + Hydrocortisone Acetate + Neomycin Sulfate)

Proctosone Sup (Dibucaine Hydrochloride + Esculin + Hydrocortisone Acetate + Neomycin Sulfate)

Sopamycetin/Hc Ointment (Chloramphenicol + Hydrocortisone

Acetate) Sopamycetin/Hc Ont (Chloramphenicol + Hydrocortisone Acetate) Sopamycetin/Hc Susp (Chloramphenicol + Hydrocortisone Acetate) Ti-U-Lac Hc Lotion (Hydrocortisone + Urea) Vioform + Hydrocortisone (Clioquinol + Hydrocortisone) Vioform Hydrocortisone Cream (Clioquinol + Hydrocortisone) Vioform Hydrocortisone Mild (Clioquinol + Hydrocortisone)

Vosol Hc (Acetic Acid + Benzethonium Chloride + Hydrocortisone + Propylene Glycol Diacetate)

Categories Anti-inflammatory AgentsCAS number

50-23-7

WeightAverage: 362.4599Monoisotopic: 362.209324070

InChI Key InChIKey=JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/C21H30O5/c1-19-7-5-13(23)9-12(19)3-4-14-15-6-8-21(26,17(25)11-22)20(15,2)10-16(24)18(14)19/h9,14-16,18,22,24,26H,3-8,10-11H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,16-,18+,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1Plain Text

IUPAC Name

(1S,2R,10S,11S,14R,15S,17S)-14,17-dihydroxy-14-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-6-en-5-one

SMILES[H][C@@]12CC[C@](O)(C(=O)CO)[C@@]1(C)C[C@H](O)[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CCC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]12CPlain Text

Mass Spec show (3 KB) Taxonomy

Kingdom OrganicClasses Steroids and Steroid Derivatives

Substructures

Steroids and Steroid Derivatives Hydroxy Compounds Alkanes and Alkenes Alcohols and Polyols Cyclohexenes and Derivatives

KetonesPharmacology

Indication

For the relief of the inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses. Also used to treat endocrine (hormonal) disorders (adrenal insufficiency, Addisons disease). It is also used to treat many immune and allergic disorders, such as arthritis, lupus, severe psoriasis, severe asthma, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease.

Pharmacology

Hydrocortisone is the most important human glucocorticoid. It is essential for life and regulates or supports a variety of important cardiovascular, metabolic, immunologic and homeostatic functions. Topical hydrocortisone is

used for its anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive properties to treat inflammation due to corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses. Glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones characterised by an ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger a variety of important cardiovascular, metabolic, immunologic and homeostatic effects. Glucocorticoids are distinguished from mineralocorticoids and sex steroids by having different receptors, target cells, and effects. Technically, the term corticosteroid refers to both glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, but is often used as a synonym for glucocorticoid. Glucocorticoids suppress cell-mediated immunity. They act by inhibiting genes that code for the cytokines IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha, the most important of which is the IL-2. Reduced cytokine production limits T cell proliferation. Glucocorticoids also suppress humoral immunity, causing B cells to express lower amounts of IL-2 and IL-2 receptors. This diminishes both B cell clonal expansion and antibody synthesis. The diminished amounts of IL-2 also leads to fewer T lymphocyte cells being activated.

Mechanism of action

Hydrocortisone binds to the cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor. After binding the receptor the newly formed receptor-ligand complex translocates itself into the cell nucleus, where it binds to many glucocorticoid response elements (GRE) in the promoter region of the target genes. The DNA bound receptor then interacts with basic transcription factors, causing the increase in expression of specific target genes. The anti-inflammatory actions of corticosteroids are thought to involve lipocortins, phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins which, through inhibition arachidonic acid, control the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Specifically glucocorticoids induce lipocortin-1 (annexin-1) synthesis, which then binds to cell membranes preventing the phospholipase A2 from coming into contact with its substrate arachidonic acid. This leads to diminished eicosanoid production. The cyclooxygenase (both COX-1 and COX-2) expression is also suppressed, potentiating the effect. In other words, the two main products in inflammation Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes are inhibited by the action of Glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids also stimulate the lipocortin-1 escaping to the extracellular space, where it binds to the leukocyte membrane receptors and inhibits various inflammatory events: epithelial adhesion, emigration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, respiratory burst and the release of various inflammatory mediators (lysosomal enzymes, cytokines, tissue plasminogen activator, chemokines etc.) from neutrophils, macrophages and mastocytes. Additionally the immune system is suppressed by corticosteroids due to a decrease in the function of the lymphatic system, a reduction in immunoglobulin and complement concentrations, the precipitation of lymphocytopenia, and interference with antigen-antibody binding.

AbsorptionTopical corticosteroids can be absorbed from normal intact skin. Inflammation and/or other disease processes in the skin increase percutaneous absorption.

ToxicitySide effects include inhibition of bone formation, suppression of calcium absorption and delayed wound healing

Protein binding

95%

Biotransformation

Primarily hepatic via CYP3A4

Half life 6-8 hours

Route of elimination

Corticosteroids are metabolized primarily in the liver and are then excreted by the kidneys. Some of the topical corticosteroids and their metabolites are also excreted into the bile.

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Clearance Not Available

Dosages

Form Route StrengthAerosol RectalCream TopicalEnema RectalLiquid TopicalLotion TopicalOintment OphthalmicOintment TopicalPowder, for solution IntramuscularPowder, for solution IntravenousTablet Oral

Affected organisms

Humans and other mammals

PharmacoeconomicsPackagers Actavis Group

Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc. AG Marin Pharmaceuticals Alaven Pharmaceutical Alcon Laboratories Amerisource Health Services Corp. Ani Pharmaceuticals Anip Acquisition Co. Arbor Pharmaceuticals Incorporated A-S Medication Solutions LLC Avidas Pharmaceuticals Bay Pharma Inc. Bayer Healthcare Bergen Brunswig Beta Dermaceuticals Bio Pharm Inc. Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. C.O. Truxton Inc. Cardinal Health

Carlisle Laboratories Inc. Carolina Medical Products Co. Chattem Chemicals Inc. Co Med Pharmaceuticals Inc. Colgate Oral Combe Inc. Consolidated Midland Corp. Contract Pharm Crown Laboratories Inc. Cutis Pharma Inc. Cypress Pharmaceutical Inc. Darby Dental Supply Co. Inc. Del Ray Dermatology Dermik Labs DispenseXpress Inc. Dispensing Solutions Diversified Healthcare Services Inc. Dofs Laboratories DPT Laboratories Ltd. DSC Laboratories E. Fougera and Co. ECR Pharmaceuticals Elkins-Sinn Inc. Enterprises Importfab Inc. Ferndale Labs G & W Labs Genesis Pharmaceutical Inc. Gertz H and H Laboratories H.J. Harkins Co. Inc. Harmony Laboratories Inc. Hi Tech Pharmacal Co. Inc. Hospira Inc. Inyx Usa Ltd. JHP Pharmaceuticals LLC Johnson & Johnson Healthcare JSJ Pharmaceuticals Inc. Kaiser Foundation Hospital Keltman Pharmaceuticals Inc. Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply Lehigh Valley Technologies Inc. Lyne Laboratories Inc. Major Pharmaceuticals Mallinckrodt Inc. Martin Surgical Supply Meda AB

Mikart Inc. Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply National Vitamin Company Nexgen Pharma Inc. Nycomed Inc. Paddock Labs Palmetto Pharmaceuticals Inc. Patheon Inc. Perrigo Co. Person & Covey Pfizer Inc. Pharmacia Inc. Pharmaderm Pharmedix Physician Partners Ltd. Physicians Total Care Inc. Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc. Professional Co. Prometic Pharma Inc. Qualitest Ranbaxy Laboratories Rebel Distributors Corp. Redpharm Drug Resource Optimization and Innovation LLC Rising Pharmaceuticals River's Edge Pharmaceuticals Rouses Point Pharmaceuticals LLC Salix Pharmaceuticals Sandhills Packaging Inc. Sandoz Sanofi-Aventis Inc. Schwarz Pharma Inc. Solvay Pharmaceuticals Southwood Pharmaceuticals Stanley Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Stat Rx Usa Stat Scripts LLC Summers Labs Suppositoria Laboratories Inc. Taro Pharmaceuticals USA Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. Topiderm Inc. Triax Pharmaceuticals LLC UCB Pharma United Pharmaceuticals United Research Laboratories Inc.

Universal Laboratories Inc. Upsher Smith Laboratories Veratex Corp. Vertical Pharmaceuticals Inc. Vintage Pharmaceuticals Inc. West-Ward Pharmaceuticals Wockhardt Ltd. WraSer Pharmaceuticals

Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Manufacturers

Hi tech pharmacal co inc Allergan herbert div allergan inc Del ray laboratories inc Salix pharmaceuticals inc Bayer pharmaceuticals corp Monarch pharmaceuticals inc Valeant pharmaceuticals international Westwood squibb pharmaceuticals inc C and m pharmacal inc Pharmaceutical assoc inc div beach products Actavis mid atlantic llc Alpharma us pharmaceuticals division Altana inc Ambix laboratories div organics corp america Everylife E fougera div altana inc G and w laboratories inc Ingram pharmaceutical co Ivax pharmaceuticals inc Naska pharmacal co inc div rugby darby group cosmetics Perrigo new york inc Pharmaderm div altana inc Pharmafair inc Stiefel laboratories inc Syosset laboratories inc Taro pharmaceuticals usa inc Teva pharmaceuticals usa inc Topiderm inc Usl pharma inc Vintage pharmaceuticals inc Whiteworth towne paulsen inc Sanofi aventis us llc Coria laboratories ltd Medicis pharmaceutical corp Paddock laboratories inc Ani pharmaceuticals inc

Teva pharmaceuticals usa Healthpoint ltd Allergan herbert skin care div allergan inc Pharmacia and upjohn co Baker norton pharmaceuticals inc Solvay pharmaceuticals Beta dermaceuticals inc Bluline laboratories inc Heran pharmaceutical inc Mericon industries inc Perrigo co Pfizer global research development Carolina medical products co Dermik laboratories div aventis pharmaceuticals inc Torch laboratories inc X gen pharmaceuticals inc Jsj pharmaceuticals llc Pfizer laboratories div pfizer inc Barr laboratories inc Elkins sinn div ah robins co inc John j ferrante Impax laboratories inc Inwood laboratories inc sub forest laboratories inc Lannett co inc Nexgen pharma inc Panray corp sub ormont drug and chemical co inc Parke davis div warner lambert co Purepac pharmaceutical co Roxane laboratories inc Sandoz inc Stiefel a gsk co Vintage pharmaceuticals llc Watson laboratories inc West ward pharmaceutical corp Merck and co inc Pfipharmecs div pfizer inc Schwarz pharma inc Able laboratories inc Hr cenci laboratories inc Ferndale laboratories inc Akorn inc Bel mar laboratories inc Colgate oral pharmaceuticals inc Taro pharmaceutical industries ltd Triax pharmaceuticals llc Yamanouchi europe bv

Savage laboratories inc div altana inc Abbott laboratories pharmaceutical products div Abbott laboratories hosp products div Hospira inc Abraxis pharmaceutical products Baxter healthcare corp anesthesia and critical care International medication systems ltd Taro pharmaceuticals inc

Ranbaxy laboratories incPrices Unit description Cost Unit

Locoid Lipocream 0.1% Cream 60 gm Tube335.36 USD

tube

Cortifoam 90 mg Foam 15 gm Can239.99 USD

can

Locoid 0.1% Solution 60ml Bottle233.15 USD

bottle

Locoid Lipocream 0.1% Cream 45 gm Tube200.98 USD

tube

Locoid 0.1% Cream 45 gm Tube183.83 USD

tube

Locoid 0.1% Ointment 45 gm Tube174.86 USD

tube

Pandel 0.1% Cream 45 gm Tube161.37 USD

tube

Pandel 0.1% Cream 15 gm Tube138.56 USD

tube

Proctocort 1% Cream 28.35 gm Tube127.51 USD

tube

Anusol-HC 2.5% Cream 30 gm Tube106.45 USD

tube

Locoid Lipocream 0.1% Cream 15 gm Tube 85.41 USD tubeTexacort 2.5% Solution 30ml Bottle 85.41 USD bottleCortisporin 3.5-10000-1 Solution 10ml Bottle 84.33 USD bottleProctofoam HC 1-1% Foam 10 gm Can 81.9 USD canCortisporin 3.5-10000-1 Suspension 10ml Bottle 79.55 USD bottleLocoid 0.1% Solution 20ml Bottle 79.28 USD bottleCortisporin 1% Ointment 15 gm Tube 75.09 USD tubeLocoid 0.1% Cream 15 gm Tube 67.49 USD tubeHydrocortisone Ace-Pramoxine 2.5-1% Cream 28.35 gm Tube

64.75 USD tube

Locoid 0.1% Ointment 15 gm Tube 62.04 USD tubeHydrocortisone Valerate 0.2% Ointment 60 gm Tube 56.74 USD tubeHydrocortisone 2.5% Lotion 59 gm Bottle 55.61 USD bottle

Westcort 0.2% Ointment 60 gm Tube 55.0 USD tubeCortisporin 0.5-0.5-10000 Cream 7.5 gm Tube 54.37 USD tubeWestcort 0.2% Ointment 15 gm Tube 50.99 USD tubeHydrocortisone Butyrate 0.1% Cream 45 gm Tube 49.43 USD tubeHydrocortisone Valerate 0.2% Ointment 45 gm Tube 48.73 USD tubeHydrocortisone 2.5% Lotion 59ml Bottle 47.47 USD bottleWestcort 0.2% Ointment 45 gm Tube 46.97 USD tubeHydrocortisone Valerate 0.2% Cream 60 gm Tube 44.99 USD tubeHydrocortisone Valerate 0.2% Cream 45 gm Tube 33.99 USD tubeAla Scalp 2% Lotion 29.6ml Bottle 30.99 USD bottleHydrocortisone Valerate 0.2% Ointment 15 gm Tube 30.56 USD tubeWestcort 0.2% Cream 15 gm Tube 25.99 USD tubeHydrocortisone Valerate 0.2% Cream 15 gm Tube 19.99 USD tubeCortisporin eye drops 19.74 USD mlSolu-Cortef 1 g/vial 17.55 USD vialHydrocortisone 1% Lotion 118ml Bottle 15.99 USD bottleHydrocortisone Acetate 12 25 mg Suppository Box 15.01 USD boxHydrocortisone 2.5% Ointment 28.35 gm Tube 13.68 USD tubeHydrocortisone 2.5% Cream 30 gm Tube 13.67 USD tubeColocort 100 mg/60ml Enema 60ml Bottle 13.15 USD bottleHydrocortisone 100 mg/60ml Enema 60ml Bottle 12.6 USD bottleHydrocortisone 0.5% Cream 28.35 gm Tube 11.99 USD tubeHydrocortisone 1% Cream 15 gm Tube 11.99 USD tubeHydrocortisone 1% Cream 28 gm Tube 11.99 USD tubeHydrocortisone Acetate 1-1% Ointment 30 gm Tube 11.99 USD tubeSolu-Cortef 500 mg/vial 10.47 USD vialHydrocortisone hemisucc powder 9.9 USD gCortifoam 10% aerosol 9.35 USD gHydrocortisone Sod. Succinate 1 g/vial 9.01 USD vialSolu-cortef (pf) 250 mg vial 8.58 USD vialCortisporin-tc ear susp 8.3 USD mlCortisporin ear suspension 7.86 USD mlSolu-Cortef 250 mg/vial 7.05 USD vialCortenema (100 mg/60Ml) 100 mg/enm Enema 6.96 USD enemaProctofoam-hc foam 6.77 USD gCortifoam 10 % Foam 6.14 USD gHycort (100 mg/60Ml) 100 mg/enm Enema 5.79 USD enemaCortamed 2.5 % Ointment 5.67 USD gHydrocortisone Sod. Succinate 500 mg/vial 5.34 USD vialHydrocortisone powder 5.19 USD gSolu-cortef (pf) 100 mg vial 4.85 USD vialSolu-cortef 100 mg vial 4.63 USD vial

Proctocort 1% cream 4.37 USD gPandel 0.1% cream 4.34 USD gLocoid 0.1% lipocream 4.3 USD gSolu-Cortef 100 mg/vial 4.07 USD vialLocoid 0.1% cream 3.92 USD gHydrocortisone Sod. Succinate 250 mg/vial 3.56 USD vialHydrocortisone ss 250 mg vial 3.5 USD vialAnusol-hc 2.5% cream 3.45 USD gHydrocortisone acet powder 3.15 USD gProctofoam 2.89 USD gA-hydrocort 100 mg vial 2.42 USD eachProctocream-hc 2.5% cream 2.17 USD gHydrocortisone Sod. Succinate 100 mg/vial 2.1 USD vialHydrocortisone val 0.2% cream 2.07 USD gHytone 2.5% cream 1.46 USD gHydrocortisone buty 0.1% cream 1.31 USD gFirst hydrocort 10% gel 1.18 USD gWestcort 0.2% cream 1.17 USD gProcto-kit 1% cream 1.08 USD gAla-scalp hp 2% lotion 1.03 USD mlCortef 20 mg tablet 0.9 USD tabletProctosol-hc 2.5% cream 0.89 USD gProctozone-hc 2.5% cream 0.83 USD gOrabase plain paste 0.77 USD gHydrocortisone 2.5% lotion 0.6 USD mlCortef 10 mg tablet 0.55 USD tabletOrabase-b 20% gel 0.55 USD gHydrocortisone 2.5% cream 0.53 USD gHydrocortisone 10 mg tablet 0.52 USD tabletCortef 5 mg tablet 0.45 USD tabletAla-cort 1% cream 0.43 USD gHydrocortisone 5 mg tablet 0.38 USD tabletCorticaine 0.5% cream 0.37 USD gHydrocortisone 20 mg tablet 0.32 USD tabletPrevex Hc 1 % Occlusive Cream 0.3 USD gEmo-Cort 2.5 % Cream 0.26 USD gPreparation h 1% cream 0.24 USD gTucks hydrocortisone ointment 0.24 USD gEmo-Cort 2.5 % Lotion 0.23 USD gEmo-Cort Scalp 2.5 % Lotion 0.22 USD gColocort 100 mg enema 0.21 USD mlCortenema 100 mg enema 0.21 USD ml

Sarna Hc 2.5 % Lotion 0.2 USD gEmo-Cort 1 % Cream 0.19 USD gBalneol lotion 0.18 USD mlEmo-Cort 1 % Lotion 0.18 USD gLanacort 1% cool creme 0.18 USD gHyderm 0.5 % Cream 0.18 USD gHytone 1% cream 0.17 USD gCortoderm Mild 0.5 % Ointment 0.15 USD gBeta hc 1% lotion 0.14 USD mlCortizone-10 1% spray 0.14 USD mlHydroval 0.2 % Cream 0.13 USD gHydroval 0.2 % Ointment 0.13 USD gAquanil hc 1% lotion 0.12 USD mlHydrocortisone plus 12 1% crm 0.12 USD gScalpicin 3% liquid 0.12 USD mlSlender cortisol capsule 0.12 USD capsuleCortaid 1% spray 0.1 USD mlSarna Hc 1 % Lotion 0.1 USD gHydrocortisone 0.5% cream 0.08 USD gHydrocortisone 1% cream 0.08 USD gUniderm moisturizer 0.05 USD mlCortoderm Regular 1 % Ointment 0.04 USD gHyderm 1 % Cream 0.04 USD g

PatentsCountry Patent Number Approved Expires

United States 7378405 2006-12-19 2026-12-19United States 5635497 1994-06-03 2014-06-03

PropertiesState solidMelting point

220 oC

Experimental Properties

Property Value Sourcewater solubility 320 mg/L PhysProplogP 1.61 [HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)] PhysProplogS -2.97 [ADME Research, USCD] PhysPropCaco2 permeability -4.66 [ADME Research, USCD] BiGG

Predicted Properties

Property Value Sourcewater solubility 1.99e-01 g/l ALOGPSlogP 1.79 ALOGPS

logP 1.28ChemAxon Molconvert

logS -3.26 ALOGPSpKa 13.87 ChemAxon

Molconverthydrogen acceptor count

5ChemAxon Molconvert

hydrogen donor count 3ChemAxon Molconvert

polar surface area 94.83ChemAxon Molconvert

rotatable bond count 2ChemAxon Molconvert

refractivity 97.40ChemAxon Molconvert

polarizability 39.55ChemAxon Molconvert

ReferencesSynthesis Reference

Not Available

General Reference

1. de Weerth C, Zijl RH, Buitelaar JK: Development of cortisol circadian rhythm in infancy. Early Hum Dev. 2003 Aug;73(1-2):39-52. Pubmed

2. Palacios R, Sugawara I: Hydrocortisone abrogates proliferation of T cells in autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction by rendering the interleukin-2 Producer T cells unresponsive to interleukin-1 and unable to synthesize the T-cell growth factor. Scand J Immunol. 1982 Jan;15(1):25-31. Pubmed

3. KNIGHT RP Jr, KORNFELD DS, GLASER GH, BONDY PK: Effects of intravenous hydrocortisone on electrolytes of serum and urine in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1955 Feb;15(2):176-81. Pubmed

External Links

Resource LinkKEGG Drug

D00088

KEGG Compound

C00735

PubChem Compound

5754

PubChem Substance

46505089

ChemSpider

5551

BindingDB

22476

ChEBI 17650 ChEMBL 17650

Therapeutic Targets Database

DAP000718

PharmGKB

PA449905

HET PDN Drug Product Database

02242930

RxList http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/hydrocortisone.htm Drugs.com http://www.drugs.com/cdi/hydrocortisone.html

PDRhealthhttp://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/rxdrugprofiles/drugs/hyd1199.shtml

Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocortisone

ATC Codes

A01AC03 A07EA02 C05AA01 D07AA02 D07AB02 D07AB11 D07AC16 D07XA01 H02AB09 S01BA02 S01CB03

S02BA01

AHFS Codes

52:08.08 84:06.00

68:04.00PDB Entries

Not Available

FDA label show (30 KB) MSDS show (73.6 KB)

InteractionsDrug Interactions

Drug Interaction

AcenocoumarolThe corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, alters the anticoagulant effect, acenocoumarol.

Acetylsalicylic acidThe corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, acetylsalicylic acid.

AmbenoniumThe corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, may decrease the effect of the anticholinesterase, ambenonium.

Amobarbital The barbiturate, amobarbital, may decrease the effect

of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

AnisindioneThe corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, alters the anticoagulant effect of anisindione.

AprobarbitalThe barbiturate, aprobarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

Bismuth Subsalicylate

The corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, bismuth subsalicylate.

ButabarbitalThe barbiturate, butabarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

ButalbitalThe barbiturate, butalbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

ButethalThe barbiturate, butethal, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

Cholestyramine Cholestyramine decreases the effect of hydrocortisoneCholestyramine Decreases the effect of hydrocortisoneColestipol Cholestyramine decreases the effect of hydrocortisone

DicumarolThe corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, alters the anticoagulant effect of dicumarol.

Dihydroquinidine barbiturate

The barbiturate, dihydroquinidine barbiturate, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

EdrophoniumThe corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, may decrease the effect of the anticholinesterase, edrophonium.

EthotoinThe enzyme inducer, ethotoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

FosphenytoinThe enzyme inducer, fosphenytoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

HeptabarbitalThe barbiturate, heptabarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

HexobarbitalThe barbiturate, hexobarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

Magnesium salicylate

The corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, may decrease the effect of magnesium salicylate.

MephenytoinThe enzyme inducer, mephenytoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

MethohexitalThe barbiturate, methohexital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

MethylphenobarbitalThe barbiturate, methylphenobarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

Midodrine Increased arterial pressure

NeostigmineThe corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, may decrease the effect of the anticholinesterase, neostigmine.

PentobarbitalThe barbiturate, pentobarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

PhenobarbitalThe barbiturate, phenobarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

PhenytoinThe enzyme inducer, phenytoin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

PrimidoneThe barbiturate, primidone, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

PyridostigmineThe corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, may decrease the effect of the anticholinesterase, pyridostigmine.

Quinidine barbiturate

The barbiturate, quinidine barbiturate, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

RifampinThe enzyme inducer, rifampin, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

Salicylate-sodiumThe corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, salicylate-sodium.

SalsalateThe corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, salsalate.

SecobarbitalThe barbiturate, secobarbital, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

TacrineTacrine and Hydrocortisone may independently exacerbate muscle weakness in myasthenia gravis patients. Monitor for additive muscle weakness effects.

TalbutalThe barbiturate, talbutal, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.

TrastuzumabTrastuzumab may increase the risk of neutropenia and anemia. Monitor closely for signs and symptoms of adverse events.

Trisalicylate-cholineThe corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, may decrease the effect of the salicylate, trisalicylate-choline.

Vecuronium

Vecuronium may increase the adverse neuromuscular effects of systemic corticosteroids, such as Hydrocortisone. Monitor for increased muscle weakness and signs of polyneuropathies and myopathy.

WarfarinThe corticosteroid, hydrocortisone, alters the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.

Food Interactions

Take with food to reduce irritation. Calcium, phosphorous, potassium, Vitamin A, C, D and zinc needs increased with long term use.

BiologyPathways Not Available

MetabolismEnzyme Metabolite Reaction Km Vmax

Cytochrome P450 3A4

6-beta-hydrocortisol

6-beta-hydroxylation

15.2 0.0064

Targets1. Glucocorticoid receptor

Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC). Has a dual mode of action:as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE) and as a modulator of other transcription factors. Affects inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Could act as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and could reveal an essential role of hepatic GR in the control of body growth

Organism class: humanPharmacological action: yesActions: agonistUniProt ID: P04150 Gene: NR3C1 Protein Sequence: FASTAGene Sequence: FASTASNPs: SNPJam Report

References:1. Grossman R, Yehuda R, Golier J, McEwen B, Harvey P, Maria NS: Cognitive

effects of intravenous hydrocortisone in subjects with PTSD and healthy control subjects. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Jul;1071:410-21. Pubmed

2. Rautanen A, Eriksson JG, Kere J, Andersson S, Osmond C, Tienari P, Sairanen H, Barker DJ, Phillips DI, Forsen T, Kajantie E: Associations of body size at birth with late-life cortisol concentrations and glucose tolerance are modified by haplotypes of the glucocorticoid receptor gene. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Nov;91(11):4544-51. Epub 2006 Aug 8. Pubmed

3. Hammer F, Stewart PM: Cortisol metabolism in hypertension. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Sep;20(3):337-53. Pubmed

4. Shaw JR, Gabor K, Hand E, Lankowski A, Durant L, Thibodeau R, Stanton CR, Barnaby R, Coutermarsh B, Karlson KH, Sato JD, Hamilton JW, Stanton BA: Role of glucocorticoid receptor in acclimation of killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) to seawater and effects of arsenic. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2007 Feb;292(2):R1052-60. Epub 2006 Oct 12. Pubmed

5. Sher L: Combined dexamethasone suppression-corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test in studies of depression, alcoholism, and suicidal behavior. ScientificWorldJournal. 2006 Oct 31;6:1398-404. Pubmed

2. Annexin A1

Calcium/phospholipid-binding protein which promotes membrane fusion and is involved in exocytosis. This protein regulates phospholipase A2 activity. It seems to bind from two to four calcium ions with high affinity

Organism class: humanPharmacological action: yes

Actions: agonistUniProt ID: P04083 Gene: ANXA1 Protein Sequence: FASTAGene Sequence: FASTASNPs: SNPJam Report

References:1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there?

Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. Pubmed2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of

drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. Pubmed3. Sato-Matsumura KC, Matsumura T, Nakamura H, Sawa H, Nagashima K,

Koizumi H: Membrane expression of annexin I is enhanced by calcium and TPA in cultured human keratinocytes. Arch Dermatol Res. 2000 Oct;292(10):496-9. Pubmed

4. White MV, Igarashi Y, Lundgren JD, Shelhamer J, Kaliner M: Hydrocortisone inhibits rat basophilic leukemia cell mediator release induced by neutrophil-derived histamine releasing activity as well as by anti-IgE. J Immunol. 1991 Jul 15;147(2):667-73. Pubmed

5. Serres M, Viac J, Comera C, Schmitt D: Expression of annexin I in freshly isolated human epidermal cells and in cultured keratinocytes. Arch Dermatol Res. 1994;286(5):268-72. Pubmed

Enzymes1. Cytochrome P450 3A4

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4- hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide

Actions: substrate, inhibitorUniProt ID: P08684 Gene: CYP3A4Protein Sequence: FASTAGene Sequence: FASTASNPs: SNPJam Report

References:1. Flockhart DA. Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table.

Indiana University School of Medicine (2007). Accessed May 28, 2010.2. S. Ekins, et al. 3D-QSAR Analysis of Cytochrome P-450 3A4 Substrates. JPET

291:424-433, 1999. Source3. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S,

Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed

2. Cytochrome P450 3A5

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics

Actions: substrateUniProt ID: P20815 Gene: CYP3A5 Protein Sequence: FASTAGene Sequence: FASTASNPs: SNPJam Report

References:1. Flockhart DA. Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table.

Indiana University School of Medicine (2007). Accessed May 28, 2010.

3. Cytochrome P450 3A7

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics

Actions: substrateUniProt ID: P24462 Gene: CYP3A7 Protein Sequence: FASTAGene Sequence: FASTASNPs: SNPJam Report

References:1. Flockhart DA. Drug Interactions: Cytochrome P450 Drug Interaction Table.

Indiana University School of Medicine (2007). Accessed May 28, 2010.

4. Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial

Has steroid 11-beta-hydroxylase activity. In addition to this activity, the 18 or 19-hydroxylation of steroids and the aromatization of androstendione to estrone have also been ascribed to cytochrome P450 XIB

Actions: substrateUniProt ID: P15538 Gene: CYP11B1 Protein Sequence: FASTAGene Sequence: FASTASNPs: SNPJam Report

References:1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S,

Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed

5. Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial

Preferentially catalyzes the conversion of 11- deoxycorticosterone to aldosterone via corticosterone and 18- hydroxycorticosterone

Actions: substrateUniProt ID: P19099 Gene: CYP11B2 Protein Sequence: FASTAGene Sequence: FASTASNPs: SNPJam Report

References:1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S,

Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed

6. Cytochrome P450 2C8

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and

xenobiotics. In the epoxidation of arachidonic acid it generates only 14,15- and 11,12-cis-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. It is the principal enzyme responsible for the metabolism the anti- cancer drug paclitaxel (taxol)

Actions: inducerUniProt ID: P10632 Gene: CYP2C8Protein Sequence: FASTAGene Sequence: FASTASNPs: SNPJam Report

References:1. Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S,

Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. Epub 2009 Nov 24. Pubmed

Transporters1. Multidrug resistance protein 1

Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells

Actions: substrate, inhibitorUniProt ID: P08183 Gene: ABCB1 Protein Sequence: FASTAGene Sequence: FASTASNPs: SNPJam Report

References:1. Schwab D, Fischer H, Tabatabaei A, Poli S, Huwyler J: Comparison of in vitro P-

glycoprotein screening assays: recommendations for their use in drug discovery. J Med Chem. 2003 Apr 24;46(9):1716-25. Pubmed

2. Kim RB, Wandel C, Leake B, Cvetkovic M, Fromm MF, Dempsey PJ, Roden MM, Belas F, Chaudhary AK, Roden DM, Wood AJ, Wilkinson GR: Interrelationship between substrates and inhibitors of human CYP3A and P-glycoprotein. Pharm Res. 1999 Mar;16(3):408-14. Pubmed

3. Yates CR, Chang C, Kearbey JD, Yasuda K, Schuetz EG, Miller DD, Dalton JT, Swaan PW: Structural determinants of P-glycoprotein-mediated transport of glucocorticoids. Pharm Res. 2003 Nov;20(11):1794-803. Pubmed

4. Ueda K, Okamura N, Hirai M, Tanigawara Y, Saeki T, Kioka N, Komano T, Hori R: Human P-glycoprotein transports cortisol, aldosterone, and dexamethasone, but

not progesterone. J Biol Chem. 1992 Dec 5;267(34):24248-52. Pubmed5. Orlowski S, Mir LM, Belehradek J Jr, Garrigos M: Effects of steroids and

verapamil on P-glycoprotein ATPase activity: progesterone, desoxycorticosterone, corticosterone and verapamil are mutually non-exclusive modulators. Biochem J. 1996 Jul 15;317 ( Pt 2):515-22. Pubmed

2. ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2

Xenobiotic transporter that may play an important role in the exclusion of xenobiotics from the brain. May be involved in brain-to-blood efflux. Appears to play a major role in the multidrug resistance phenotype of several cancer cell lines. When overexpressed, the transfected cells become resistant to mitoxantrone, daunorubicin and doxorubicin, display diminished intracellular accumulation of daunorubicin, and manifest an ATP- dependent increase in the efflux of rhodamine 123

Actions: inhibitorUniProt ID: Q9UNQ0 Gene: ABCG2 Protein Sequence: FASTAGene Sequence: FASTASNPs: SNPJam Report

References:1. Imai Y, Asada S, Tsukahara S, Ishikawa E, Tsuruo T, Sugimoto Y: Breast cancer

resistance protein exports sulfated estrogens but not free estrogens. Mol Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;64(3):610-8. Pubmed

3. Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2

Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and conjugated (taurocholate) and unconjugated (cholate) bile acids (By similarity)

Actions: inhibitorUniProt ID: P46721 Gene: SLCO1A2 Protein Sequence: FASTAGene Sequence: FASTASNPs: SNPJam Report

References:1. Kanai N, Lu R, Bao Y, Wolkoff AW, Schuster VL: Transient expression of oatp

organic anion transporter in mammalian cells: identification of candidate substrates. Am J Physiol. 1996 Feb;270(2 Pt 2):F319-25. Pubmed

2. Bossuyt X, Muller M, Hagenbuch B, Meier PJ: Polyspecific drug and steroid

clearance by an organic anion transporter of mammalian liver. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Mar;276(3):891-6. Pubmed

Carriers1. Sex hormone-binding globulin

Functions as an androgen transport protein, but may also be involved in receptor mediated processes. Each dimer binds one molecule of steroid. Specific for 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, and 17-beta-estradiol. Regulates the plasma metabolic clearance rate of steroid hormones by controlling their plasma concentration

UniProt ID: P04278 Gene: SHBG Protein Sequence: FASTAGene Sequence: FASTASNPs: SNPJam Report

References:1. Khoromi S, Muniyappa R, Nackers L, Gray N, Baldwin H, Wong KA, Matheny

LA, Moquin B, Rainer A, Hill S, Remaley A, Johnson LL, Max MB, Blackman MR: Effects of chronic osteoarthritis pain on neuroendocrine function in men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Nov;91(11):4313-8. Epub 2006 Aug 15. Pubmed

2. Stroud LR, Solomon C, Shenassa E, Papandonatos G, Niaura R, Lipsitt LP, Lewinn K, Buka SL: Long-term stability of maternal prenatal steroid hormones from the National Collaborative Perinatal Project: still valid after all these years. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2007 Feb;32(2):140-50. Epub 2007 Jan 31. Pubmed

3. Lombardi G, Mondaini N, Macchiarella A, Del Popolo G: Female sexual dysfunction and hormonal status in spinal cord injured (SCI) patients. J Androl. 2007 Sep-Oct;28(5):722-6. Epub 2007 May 9. Pubmed

4. Shifren JL, Desindes S, McIlwain M, Doros G, Mazer NA: A randomized, open-label, crossover study comparing the effects of oral versus transdermal estrogen therapy on serum androgens, thyroid hormones, and adrenal hormones in naturally menopausal women. Menopause. 2007 May 15;. Pubmed

5. Rizzo L, Dobrovsky V, Danilowicz K, Kral M, Cross G, Serra HA, Bruno OD: Low-dose glucocorticoids in hyperandrogenism. Medicina (B Aires). 2007;67(3):247-52. Pubmed

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Craig Knox 14 hours ago

From DrugBank feedback: "It is stated that logP for HC is 0.5 and there is a link to PhysProp where there is different (correct) value - 1.61. It is not a big deal of course but could be misleading."

We have corrected the issue, the experimental logP is now "1.61 [HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)]"

Drug created on June 13, 2005 07:24 / Updated on February 11, 2011 09:04

This project is supported by Genome Alberta & Genome Canada, a not-for-profit organization that is leading Canada's national genomics strategy with $600 million in funding from the federal government. This project is also supported in part by GenomeQuest, Inc., an enterprise genomic information company serving the life science community.

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