Home Networking Home Networking prepared for FCC Technical Advisory Committee 18 September 2002 18 September 2002
Dec 18, 2015
Home NetworkingHome Networking
prepared for
FCCTechnical Advisory Committee
18 September 200218 September 2002
Broadband Way(Yesterday vs. Tomorrow)
• 1 cable modem/3 mo• 568 user network• 2400 Bps connectivity• $18,000 per unit• Data only• Luxury feature
• 1 cable modem/0.1 sec
• 100 million users• 100,000,000 bps• Less than $10 per unit• Video, data, voice• Key element of life
1988 2010
In North America, installing a cable modem every 8 seconds and a DSL modem every
16 seconds
Home NetworkingThree Dimensions
Applicatio
ns
IndustryEfforts
Network Technologie
s
Network Technologies• Connections
– Wired vs. wireless• Power line, phone line, dedicated line, wireless
– Synchronous, asynchronous
• Carry IP and MPEG• Some do it “better” than others
– Faster throughput, Lower latency– Native QoS– More reliable– Easier to install– RF / electrical integrity– Wireless spectrum issues
Technology– IEEE 802.3– IEEE 802.11– HomePlug™– HomeRF™– HomePNA™– Bluetooth™– IEEE 1394– UWB – Etc.
Applications and the Marketplace will shake this out
Applications
IndustryEfforts
Network Technologi
es
Technology Survey
Other considerations: Native QoS ? Security ?
peak distanceBW (Mbps) limit (m)
IEEE 1394a 400 5UWB 100 - 500 10IEEE 802.11a 54 50HomeRF™ 2.0 20 50HomePlug™ 1.0 14 300IEEE 802.11b 11 100HomePNA™ 2.0 10 30010Base-T 10 100Bluetooth™ 1 10
What kind of home networking technology and equipment is installed in your home?
10Base-T (95.4%)
802.11b (0.9%)
HPNA (0.5%)
HomePlug (0.4%)
Home RF (0.3%)
Other (1.0%)
Not sure (1.5%)
Home NetworkTechnology in the Field
(n=778)
© Parks Associates 2001
Length of Time Networked
How long have your computers been networked?
5+ years (10%)
3 - 5 years (10%)
2 - 3 years (19%)
1 - 2 years (26%)
0.5 - 1 years (18%)
< 0.5 year (17%)
(n=778)
© Parks Associates 2001
Focus on PCs for now, not Multimedia (yet)
Over 60% in just the last 2 years
Applications
• Video Streaming (500 kbps – 5 Mbps)• Telemetry (up to 300 kbps)• Web Surfing/E-mail (up to 200 kbps)• Streaming (up to 200 kbps)• Fast-twitch games (up to 128 kbps)• Voice (up to 128 kbps)• Meter reading (bps)• Toggling a light switch (bps)
New stuff every day, and higher bandwidth
Applications– web– email– calendar– games– audio– video– voice– home
automation– home security
Applications
IndustryEfforts
Network Technologi
es
Bandwidth Needs• Yesterday
– low bandwidth• E.g., designed for 56 kbps dialup
– Symmetric: email (no attachments)– Asymmetric: web browsing
• Today– High bandwidth, moving toward symmetry– but mainly store and forward
• digital images• Peer-to-peer
• Tomorrow– Real-time streaming (controlled latency and jitter)– Prioritized
Gross Traffic is Nearly Symmetric• Average up/downstream data flow symmetry
is 1.4– Data flow has been fairly stable since September
2001
Symmetry
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
May-01 Jun-01 Jul-01 Aug-01 Sep-01
Symmetry
• Average individual user symmetry (independent of volume) is 4:1• 30% of users have more upstream than downstream use• Symmetry tends to increase as use increases Data flow symmetry is skewed by big users
More on Symmetry and Traffic• Traffic breakdown of a major ISP
– Backbone traffic = 26 Gbps– 17 Gbps into homes, 9 Gbps out of homes
• Symmetry = 1 : 1.8– 34% peer-to-peer– 27% web– 18% net news
– 21% other
– 50% of sub’s use only 5% of the bandwidth– Other 50% of sub’s use 95% of the
bandwidthNationwide footprint – August 2002
Industry Efforts
• Ad Hoc Network– Consumer runs the home network
• Finds their own services
• Managed Network– Network– Services– Network + Services
Efforts– Zeroconf– UPnP™– OSGi™– CableHome™– ITU SG 9– CEA R7.3
(VHN)– HAVi– BlueTooth™– Jini™
Differing Semantics, Consumer Choice
Applications
IndustryEfforts
Network Technologi
es
Group Details• ZeroConf
– no centralized configuration, management, or administration
• UPnP™– IP and A/V services, on the home network
• OSGi™– offering services over any IP network
• CableHome™– IP and A/V, home network and access network services
• BlueTooth™– IP home network services using BlueTooth wireless
• VHN– CEA standards committee R7.4. Adopted UPnP + extensions
• HAVi– audio/video home network services using IEEE1394
• Jini™– Requires adopting JAVA as the implementation language
Compare/contrast
• ITU Study Group 9– ITU J.191 (Draft)
• Managed networking • Basic Residential Gateway (centralized data
store)– DHCP, DNS, NAT, Firewall, etc.
• IETF Zero Configuration Working Group– ad hoc networking – No centralized servers or data stores
Access Network+
service provider+
Internet
X.10
analog
10B-T
ITU J.191 Network - enabling services
DHCP, DNS, NAT, Firewall, etc. configured by service provider
1394
Power line
Phone line
10B-T
ZeroConf Network - enabling IP networks
1394
Power line
Phone line
Internet
Simple Ethernet switch configured by user
Home Networking Summary
• Choice aboundsApplications
IndustryEfforts
Network Technologi
es
Industry Efforts– Zeroconf– UPnP™– OSGi™– CableHome™– ITU SG 9– CEA R7.3
(VHN)– HAVi– BlueTooth™– Jini™– Etc.
Technology– IEEE 802.3– IEEE 802.11– HomePlug™– HomeRF™– HomePNA™– Bluetooth™– IEEE 1394– UWB– Etc.
But what is easy to do and adds value ?
Applications– web– email– calendar– gaming– audio– video– voice– home
automation– home security– Etc.