HolcimPrize 2009 CTU

ti: Xy dng m hnh Qun l bao b, rc thi thuc BVTV ti phng Trng Lc

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TN TC GI:

Nhm sinh vin Ha Hc K32.

TN TI:

XY DNG M HNH QUN L BAO B, RC THI THUC BO V THC VT

TI PHNG TRNG LC QUN MN TP. CN TH.

Khoa: KHOA HC.

09 - 2009

HOLCIM PRIZE


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1. Trng i Hc: CN TH

2. Tn ti: XY DNG M HNH QUN L BAO B RC THI THUC BO V THC VT PHNG TRNG LC QUN MN TP. CN TH.

3. Ngy np: 04/09/2009

4. Ngy bo co: 16/09/2009

5. Tc gi: Nhm sinh vin Ha Hc K32

6. Ngi hng dn:

Th.S Nguyn Th Dip Chi.

7. ti thuc lnh vc: Bo v mi trng

8. a ch lin lc:

PHM TH PHNG THO 108/53/38 A ng 30/04 Q. Ninh Kiu TP. Cn Th.

09. a ch mail:

[email protected]

10. S in thoi:

0939296294

11. Ghi ch b sung: Cc thnh vin khc trong nhm:

Phm Th Thanh Uyn (0983 888 978), pttuyen88@ student.ctu.edu.vn

Trn Th Bch Nhung (01683 01 00 84), ttbnhung52@ student.ctu.edu.vn

Trn Th Thanh Thy (0989 014 393), tttthuy68@ student.ctu.edu.vn

ng Th Hunh Th (01269 577 140), dththu90@ student.ctu.edu.vn

12. Bng tm tt:

Thc trng nhim mi trng, bin php thu gom v cch x l s b cc bao b thi t thuc Bo v thc vt.

13. T kho: M hnh qun l rc thi t thuc bo v thc vt.

14. S trang: 24. 15. S bn v: 1.


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MC LC

TM LC ................................................................................................................. 5 CHNG I: GII THIU ............................................................................................ 5

I. t vn : ...................................................................................................................... 5 II. Ni dung nghin cu: ..................................................................................................... 5

CHNG II: TNG QUAN ......................................................................................... 5 I. Lc kho ti liu: .......................................................................................................... 5

1. Thuc bo v thc vt: ............................................................................................... 5 2. Tnh cht ca mt s ha cht dng trong th nghim: .............................................. 6

II. S lc v phng Trng Lc: ................................................................................... 7 Hnh 1: S v phng Trng Lc ........................................................................ 7

III. Tnh hnh hnh sn xut nng nghip: ........................................................................ 7 3. Tnh hnh s dng cc bao b thuc BVTV: ............................................................... 8

Biu 1: Biu cc hnh thc cha thuc BVTV ................................................... 8 4. Hin trng v vic qun l bao b thuc BVTV. ........................................................ 8

Biu 2: Biu cch qun l bao b thuc BVTV sau khi s dng: ........................ 9 Biu 3: Biu cch x l bnh phun thuc sau khi s dng: ................................ 9 Hnh 2, 3 .................................................................................................................... 10 Hnh 4, 5 .................................................................................................................... 11 Biu 4 ................................................................................................................... 11

5. nh hng ca thuc BVTV i vi ng vt sng trn cn v di nc . .......... 12 6. nh hng ca thuc BVTV i vi mi trng. ................................................... 14

CHNG III: K HOCH TUYN TRUYN: ........................................................... 15 I. Thi gian v a im thc hin: .................................................................................. 15 II. Phng tin thc hin: .................................................................................................. 15 III. Phng php thc hin: ............................................................................................ 15

CHNG IV : BIN PHP THU GOM: .................................................................... 15 I. Thi gian v a im thc hin: .................................................................................. 15 II. Phng tin thc hin: .................................................................................................. 16 III. Phng php thc hin: ............................................................................................ 16 - M chin dch thu gom cc bao b v v chai c sn trn cc cnh ng v knh rch. ... 16

CHNG V: PHNG PHP X L: .................................................................... 16 I. Phng php x l: ...................................................................................................... 16

1. X l s b ti nh v cc i l bn thuc BVTV: ................................................. 16 2. X l trit : ............................................................................................................ 18

II. Thc nghim: ................................................................................................................ 18 3. X l bng xt cng nghip: .................................................................................... 18

Hnh 7, 8 .................................................................................................................... 18 Hnh 9, 10 .................................................................................................................. 19

4. X l bng tro bp (hay vi):................................................................................... 20 CHNG V: THO LUN : ...................................................................................... 20

I. u im: ....................................................................................................................... 20 II. Nhc im: ................................................................................................................. 21

CHNG VI: D KIN KT QU T C : ..................................................... 21


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Danh mc Hnh v Biu :

Hnh 1: S v phng Trng Lc ........................................................................ 7 Biu 1: Biu cc hnh thc cha thuc BVTV ................................................... 8 Biu 2: Biu cch qun l bao b thuc BVTV sau khi s dng: ........................ 9 Biu 3: Biu cch x l bnh phun thuc sau khi s dng: ................................ 9 Hnh 2, 3 .................................................................................................................... 10 Hnh 4, 5 .................................................................................................................... 11 Biu 4 ................................................................................................................... 11 Hnh 7, 8 .................................................................................................................... 18 Hnh 9, 10 .................................................................................................................. 19


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TM LC

ti nghin cu vn Qun l bao b thuc BVTV sau khi s dng trn m hnh canh tc la ca nng dn ti phng Trng Lc, c thc hin t ngy 01/06/2009, c 94 h canh tc la c phng vn trc tip bng phiu phng vn c son sn. Kt qu cho thy a s cc h u vt cc bao b, rc thi ngay trn ng rung, c mt s h mang v nhng cha bit cch x l hp l. Nhn chung, vic qun l bao b thuc BVTV sau khi s dng ca nng dn ti phng Trng Lc cn nhiu hn ch. Do , cn nng cao thc ngi dn trong vic qun l cc bao b thuc BVTV sau khi s dng v trin khai cc bin php hn ch ti a vic gy nhim mi trng.

CHNG I: GII THIU

I. t vn :

Vic s dng nng dc ngoi mt tch cc l tiu dit cc sinh vt gy hi, cung cp dinh dng cho cy trng, bo v sn xut th vic lm dng nng dc v bin php qun l cc bao b ca thuc BVTV sau khi s dung cha hp l lm nhim mi trng, gim a dng sinh hc v nh hng n sc khe con ngi.

phng Trng Lc, ngi dn sng ch yu bng ngh nng. thc y hiu qu trng la v trnh c ri ro do su bnh th vic s dng nng dc c chiu hng gia tng. ti Xy dng m hnh qun l bao b, rc thi thuc BVTV ti phng Trng Lc, qun Mn, TP Cn Th c thc hin nhm kho st hin trng qun l cc bao b, rc thi thuc BVTV sau khi s dng. T xut cc bin php thch hp gip ngi dn v c quan chc nng qun l tt hn ngun rc thi ny gp phn bo v mi trng, bo v sc khe ngi dn.

II. Ni dung nghin cu:

- Lp phiu iu tra v tin hnh kho st thu thp thng tin v tp qun sn xut nng nghip, tnh hnh s dng thuc BVTV v hin trng qun l cc bao b, rc thi thuc BVTV trn cc khu vc thuc phng Trng Lc.

- Xy dng k hoch tuyn truyn nng cao thc ngi dn trong vic qun l cc bao b rc thi thuc BVTV bo v mi trng v sc khe con ngi.

- Bin php thu gom v phng php x l s b.

- Tm i tc h tr trong qu trnh thc hin ti.

CHNG II: TNG QUAN

I. Lc kho ti liu:

1. Thuc bo v thc vt:

Thuc bo v thc vt (BVTV) l cc loi ho cht do con ngi sn xut ra tr su bnh v c di c hi cho cy trng. Thuc bo v thc vt c phn thnh hai loi chnh:


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- Da vo chc nng: c thuc tr su, thuc tr cc loi gm nhm, thuc tr nhn, thuc tr tuyn trng, thuc tr bnh, thuc tr cc loi c sn, bu vng.

- Da vo ngun gc v thnh phn ha hc:

+ Thuc c ngun gc thc vt: cha cc hp cht Alealioid, Nocitin, Albazin.

+ Thuc v c: hp cht cha cc cht v c nh ng, lu hunh.

+ Thuc tng hp hu c: c nhm clo hu c, nhm ln hu c, nhm carbamate, nhm pyrethriod, hp cht pheromone, cc cht iu ha sinh trng cn trng, nhm thuc vi sinh.

2. Tnh cht ca mt s ha cht dng trong th nghim:

Xt cng nghip (NaOH):

NaOH l cht oxy ho c s dng nhiu trong vic kh c thuc tr su, cc th nghim cho thy mi trng kim thi gian bn hu ca mt s loi thuc tr su b rt ngn mt cch ng k.

Theo ti liu Gio trnh Qun l cht thi c hi Tc gi: L Hong Vit.

Bng thi gian bn hu ca 1 s thuc BVTV trong mi trng kim:

Tn nng dc T0 pH Thi gian bn hu

Parathion 15 1N NaOH 32p

Methyl Parathion 15 1N NaOH 7.5p

Malathion 25 10.03 28p

DDVP 37.5 8 462p

Diazionon 20 10.04 144p

Propoxur (Baygon) 20 10 40p

Carbaryl Mi trng Kim Rt nhanh

Tro bp:

Tro bp (hay tro thc vt): l thnh phn cn li khi t rm r, l v cy kh. Trong tro bp c cha hm lng Kali rt cao tn ti di dng K2CO3 rt d tan trong nc, ngoi ra cn c CaO, Silic, P2O5, Mg v cc vi lng khc,

Tro bp l mt cht hp ph, c tnh kim (trong tro g c tnh kim mnh hn tro rm r), c tc dng lm gim nng ion amoni, kh chua, lm kt ta cc ion kim loi nng,nn c kh nng kh c thuc BVTV.


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II. S lc v phng Trng Lc:

Trng Lc l mt trong 7 phng thuc qun Mn, thnh ph Cn Th. Phng nm cui tuyn l vng cung di 30km (bt u t Bc cu Ci Rng n Ba Se thuc phng Trng Lc); tng din tch t nhin l 2282.42 ha, trong c 1712.191 ha t nng nghip, bao gm 1192.024 ha t lm la l v 520.167 ha l t vn.

Phng c 12 khu vc gm: Tn Thnh, Tn Xun, Tn Bnh, Tn Hng, Tn Quy, Bnh Thun, Bnh Ha, Bnh Li, Bnh Yn, Trng Hng, Trng Ha, Trng Trung.

Hnh 1: S v phng Trng Lc

- Ba khu vc c th im l:

* Tn Xun vi 435 h dn, din tch t t nhin l 177.87 ha trong c 105.925 ha t lm la.

* Tn Bnh vi 253 h dn, din tch t t nhin l 155.33 ha trong c 90.799 ha t lm la.

* Tn Hng vi 322 h dn, din tch t t nhin l 238.57 ha trong c 126.201 ha t lm la.

III. Tnh hnh hnh sn xut nng nghip:

Phng Trng Lc c 3802 h dn, trong c trn 80% h sn xut nng nghip cn li l bun bn v sn xut khc.

Cc h nng nghip ch yu l canh tc la, c mt s canh tc hoa mu, cy n tri v chn nui nhng rt t. Do vy la chim mt phn rt quan trng trong nn kinh t ca phng. Nh chuyn dch c cu cy trng vt nui, ma v ph


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hp vi iu kin sinh thi v th nhng, t nng sut la tng ln ng k. Hin nay, a s cc h nng dn sn xut c 3 v la/1nm l ng Xun, H Thu v Thu ng.

3. Tnh hnh s dng cc bao b thuc BVTV:

Biu 1: Biu cc hnh thc cha thuc BVTV:

Qua qu trnh phng vn v thu thp s liu ca 94 h trng la th trong mt ma v, ngi dn s dng ch yu cc loi thuc BVTV c cha trong chai nha v gi. c tnh vi tng din tch ca 3 khu vc l 322.925 ha th cc ph thi, bao b ny tng ln khong 14854.55 chai v 322.925 gi.

Nh vy vi din tch trng la ton x hi th s ph thi ny s tng ln rt nhiu ln. y l nhng ph thi kh phn hy nu khng c qun l thch hp, th chng s gp phn ng k gy nhim mi trng nc, t v hu qu c th lm gim a dng sinh hc trong t, nc, gim nng sut cy trng v gy nh hng n sc kho con ngi.

4. Hin trng v vic qun l bao b thuc BVTV.

a. Kt qu iu tra phng vn hin trng qun l ngun ph thi thuc BVTV.

T nhu cu sn xut nng nghip, ngi dn v ang c xu hng s dng ngy cng nhiu thuc BVTV, tuy nhin vic qun l bao b sau khi s dng ny cn nhiu lng lo, ty vo tp qun, thc ring ca mi ngi nng dn. Di y l kt qu iu tra hin trng qun l bao b thuc BVTV sau khi s dng.


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Biu 2: Biu cch qun l bao b thuc BVTV sau khi s dng:

Biu 3: Biu cch x l bnh phun thuc sau khi s dng:

Vic thi b ba bi cc chai l thuc BVTV cng c nhiu hnh thc khc nhau. Nhng theo kt qu iu tra a s ngi nng dn u vt b cc bao b, chai l thuc BVTV trn ng rung (chim khong 40.42%), nhng ho cht BVTV cn st li s thm vo t, ho tan trong nc chy ra cc dng knh, sng rch gy nhim ngun nc v ngy cng lan rng ra mi trng xung quanh, ha cht tch t trong t lu dn s thm vo t lm nhim ngun nc ngm. Thm ch ngay

Biu cch qun l thuc BVTV sau khi s

dng

40.42%

0.94%10.34%13.16%

29.14%

Biu v vic qun l bnh phun thuc sau khi

s dng

15.04%

11.28%

61.10%

0.94%


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c bnh phun thuc, cc dng c pha ch sau khi s dng, ngi dn u ra hoc lng thuc cn d ra cc rnh ti rng, lm nhim ngun nc v nh hng n ng, thc vt thu sinh. Bn cnh , c mt s h nng dn nhn thc c s nguy him ca ha cht BVTV, nn cc bao b, v chai thuc sau khi s dng h mang v nh (29.14%) bn ve chai, dng cha nht xe, hoc gom li mt ni an ton trnh xa tm tay tr em, sau mi ma v ngi dn em cc chai l, bao b t thiu hy (13.16%). Tuy nhin, hnh thc t thiu hy l bin php qun l khng an ton, hu qu trc mt hay lu di chng s gp phn gy nhim mi trng khng kh v nh hng sc khe ngi dn a phng.

b. Mt s hnh nh vt ba bi bao b, rc thi thuc bo v thc vt trn ng rung ti phng Trng Lc

Hnh 2, 3


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Hnh 4, 5

c. thc ca ngi nng dn trong vic qun l ngun ph thi thuc BVTV khi tip xc vi thuc.

Biu 4

S tip cn thng tin v thuc BVTV ca nng

dn

57.34%3.76%

27.26%


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Qua thc t cho thy, ngi dn trong vng c hiu bit v khu qun l thuc BVTV cng nh ph thi cha ton din v cha tht s su sc. iu ny c biu hin qua cc mt: trnh hc vn, mc tip cn thng tin.....a s nhng ngi c phng vn c trnh hc vn thp, nn khi s dng thuc hu nh khng lm theo nhng ch dn c ghi trn nhn thuc v cch s dng, thi gian cch ly v tnh c ca thuc. Phn ln ngi dn bit c nhng thng tin v thuc BVTV qua truyn hnh hoc cn b khuyn nng trong nhng bui hi tho (57.34%).

Vic theo di thng tin qua truyn hnh l mt thi quen tt, nhng cha c ph bin rng ri trong nhn dn. Thng nhng nng dn c theo di, quan tm cc chng trnh IPM, bn nh nng,. h c nhn thc su sc v ton din hn trong khu chn thuc, tip xc vi thuc v qun l thuc nhng vn cha quan tm nhiu n s nh hng ca thuc BVTV. Ngc li i vi nhng ngi t quan tm nhng chng trnh ny h thng s dng thuc theo thi quen, kinh nghim v s hng dn ca ngi bn thuc v thng thi b ba bi cc chai l thuc sau khi s dng.

Nhn chung, khi ngi dn tip xc vi thuc vic trang b cng cha tt. Phn ln h ch s dng khu trang v mc qun o thng ngy khi pha thuc v phun thuc ngoi rung. Theo kin ca nhng h nng dn c phng vn, vic eo gng tay khng thun tin cho cng vic v phn ln h khng quen s dng. Nng dn ch s dng gng tay khi h pha nhng loi thuc c tnh c cao. Thi quen ny t nhiu g cng nh hng n sc khe ca h.

5. nh hng ca thuc BVTV i vi ng vt sng trn cn v di nc .

a. Tc ng trc tip:

c cp tnh: thuc xm nhp vo c th gy nhim c tc thi gi l nhim c cp tnh. c cp tnh ca thuc c biu th qua liu lng gy cht trung bnh (LD50) c tnh bng mg hot cht trn kg trng lung c th. LD50 ca thuc i vi c th cn ph thuc vo cch thc xm nhp ca thuc vo c th, LD50 qua ming khc vi LD50 qua da. c cp tnh ca thuc cn c biu th bng nng gy cht trung bnh (LC50) tnh theo mg hot cht trn m

3 khng kh. Loi thuc c gi tr LD50 hay LC50 cng thp chng t c cp tnh ca thuc cng cao.

Mt trong nhng thnh tu v i ca Cch mng Khoa Hc K Thut thi i chng ta l s pht minh v ng dng thuc ha hc trong phng chng dch hi. Vic dng thuc em li li nhun kinh t trong nng nghip rt ln, ng thi cng l mi nguy him i vi sc kho con ngi v ng vt mu nng. Thuc xm nhp vo c th con ngi l do tip xc trc tip vi thuc, vi mi trng khng kh hc mi trng nc b nhim thuc, c bit l do thc n c d lung thuc BVTV. Sau khi xm nhp vo c th con ngi, thuc BVTV c th gy ra nhiu hu qu i vi con ngi nh:


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Gy vim da khi tip xc, mn cm da, phn ng d ng v pht ban, nhng biu hin mun v nghim trng v da, bnh da porphyry nhim c mc phi bao gm; mn cm nh sng, ni phng, lot su, rng tc v teo da.

c tnh thn kinh mun, thay i hnh vi, tn thng thn kinh trung ng, vim thn kinh ngoi bin.

nh hng n sinh ha: cm ng men v c ch men.

Gy v sinh nam gii, gy cht thai hoc gy qui thai.

nh hng khc: gy ung th, gy t bin gen, c nhn mt, nh hng n h thng min dch

Tnh c ca thuc BVTV c chia lm hai nhm: cht c nng v cht c tch lu. Mc gy c ca nhm cht c nng ph thuc vo lung thuc xm nhp vo c th gm cc hp cht pyrethroid, ln hu c, cacbamat, di liu gy cht thuc BVTV c phn gii, bi tit ra ngoi c th, cc loi thuc thuc nhm c tch lu nh nhiu hp cht clo hu c, cc hp cht cha asen, ch, thu ngn,c kh nng tch ly trong c th gy nn bin i sinh l c hi cho c th sng.

Nhiu thuc BVTV, c bit l cc thuc tr su c th rt an ton i vi cy trng nhng li c cho c.

Thuc BVTV tc ng trc tip n ng vt gy hin tng n t, xt cn, t, t l trng n gim,nu b ng c nng, ng vt c th b cht hng lot hoc thuc BVTV c th tch ly s lng hay tch ly hiu ng gy nn nhng chng bnh c bit cho ng vt.

b. Tc ng gin tip:

c mn tnh ca thuc BVTV: bn cnh c cp tnh gy nguy hi tc thi n sinh vt, c mn tnh cng l mt thuc tnh ca thuc BVTV bao gm: kh nng gy tch ly trong c th ngi v ng vt mu nng, kh nng kch thch t bo khi u c tnh pht trin, nh hng ca ho cht n bo thai v gy d dng i vi th h sauThng xuyn lm vic v tip xc vi thuc BVTV cng c th b nhim c mn tnh. Biu hin trng thi nhim c mn tnh ny lc u c th b nhm ln vi cc bnh l bnh thng khc nh: da xanh, mt ng, mi c, mi khp, suy gim chc nng gan, ri lon tun hon

Cc thuc BVTV cn lm gim ngun thc n cho c, ong v nhng ng vt khc. Tc dng c ko di v cng tr nn nguy him hn khi ta dng cc thuc c tnh bn lu.

Cc thuc tch ly trong m m ng vt cng tr nn nguy him hn khi ng vt thiu thc n v i, do vy c th ng vt s phi huy ng cc cht d tr c trong c th, cht c trong m khi c gii phng v gy c.

Thuc tr c lm mt ngun mt v gy hi cho ong. Cc dng thuc bt v nc c phun vi lng cc nh gy c cho ong mnh hn cc loi thuc dng lng, dng sa v bt thm nuc. Phun thuc lc tri nng nng cng d gy ng c cho c th ng vt c trn cn ln di nc.

Nhng ngi nhim c ha cht BVTV thng b au u, chng mt, nga da, cay mt, mt mi,run tay, t tay, au bng, bun nn, ri lon tiu ha, ri lon gic ng, au xng khp, vim hng, kh th, vim ph qun, nhn m, chong vng, nn i, t xu.


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6. nh hng ca thuc BVTV i vi mi trng.

Thuc tr su gc ho hc hin nay c s dng qu nhiu trong sn xut nng nghip nhng li khng c qun l cht ch do nhiu nguyn nhn : thiu cn b khoa hc c s, kin thc khoa hc k thut ca nng dn cn thp, iu ny gy ra nhng tc hi mi trng nghim trng.

S dng thuc BVTV c lin quan trc tip n mi trng t v nc. Theo kt qu nghin cu th phun thuc cho cy trng c ti 50% lng thuc phun b ri xung t. Thuc tn ng trong t dn dn c phn hu qua hot dng sinh hc ca t v qua tc ng ca cc yu t ho l. Tuy nhin tc phn gii thuc b chm nu thuc tn ti t vi s lng ln, nht l t c hot ng sinh hc yu, do nc b ra tri gy nhim bn ngun nc.

a. nh hng ti mi trng t: t l b phn quan trng ca mi trng sng v cng l ni ch yu b nhim bn do thuc BVTV. Nguyn nhn l do:

Phun thuc ln t loi tr dch hi sng trong t nh: tuyn trng, su thp, trng t, phun thuc tr c trc khi gieo ht,

Ri vi trong qu trnh phun thuc,

Ri vi trong qu trnh pha ch,

D lng thuc BVTV trong kh quyn ngng t cng vi hi nc v ri xung t do ma,

Vi loi thuc BVTV nh Clo hu c rt kh b phn hu nn chng c th tn ti nhiu nm trong t. S tn ti v di chuyn ca thuc BVTV trong t ph thuc vo nhiu yu t nh: cu trc ho hc ca hp cht, loi t, iu kin thi tit, phng thc ti tiu, loi cy trng v cc loi vi sinh vt c trong t,. Tc hi ca thuc BVTV i vi t l n lm gim mu m, chai ho, tiu dit nhng vi sinh vt c li trong t,

b. nh hng n mi trng nc: Nc c th b nhim trong cc trng hp sau:

nc BVTV tha sau khi s dng

nc ra dng c cha thuc BVTV tha sau khi s dng

Qu trnh xi mn, ra tri t b nhim xung cc ngun nc.

Thuc BVTV t kh quyn theo ma tuyt xung cc ngun nc.

Dng thuc BVTV nh bt c.

bn vng ca thuc BVTV trong nc ph thuc vo nhiu yu t: Tnh ho tan trong nc ca thuc, kh nng tc dng vi nc, tnh bn vng vi s quang phn trong nc, nhit ,.

c. nh hng n mi trng khng kh: Vic s dng thuc BVTV cng gy nh hng n khng kh mt cch ng k l do:

Khi tin hnh phun thuc cho cy trng th mt phn thuc trc tip bay vo khng kh, c bit l khi phun thuc bng my.

Thuc c th bay hi t mt t, t mt thm thc vt c phun thuc, t mt ao h sng b nhim thuc,

Thuc BVTV khng tn ti nguyn trong kh quyn m chng tham gia vo qu trnh tun hon ca cc cht ho hc trong kh quyn. Mt phn thuc cng vi s


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ngng t ca hi nc ri xung mt t, song, ao, h, mt phn b phn hu bi nh sng mt tri to ra nhng hp cht n gin nh nc, CO2, mt phn khc b oxy ho bi zn v xy, mt phn b khuch tn ln phn trn ca kh quyn nhng cc hp cht nh thu ngn, asen, ch v mt s nguyn t khc na khng th chuyn ho thnh cc cht khng c, v vy chng li i cng vi kh quyn quay tr li mt t, ao h v c th i vo chui thc n.

CHNG III: K HOCH TUYN TRUYN:

I. Thi gian v a im thc hin:

D kin k hoch t chc tuyn truyn c thc hin vo u thng 10/2009 nu c s h tr kinh ph t Holcim Prize.

II. Phng tin thc hin:

Tuyn truyn qua cc bui hp dn ti a phng.

Tuyn truyn qua p phch, bng rn, t ri

Tuyn truyn qua cc phng tin truyn thng.

III. Phng php thc hin:

Lin h vi UBND phng, cc c quan thm quyn c lin quan, i din v mt php l cho qu trnh thc hin ti.

Lin h cc c quan on th, cn b khuyn nng a phng h tr a im, phng tin t chc v ngun nhn lc t chc hp dn v tuyn truyn.

Lin h phng ti nguyn mi trng h tr cn b t vn cch s dng v qun l thuc BVTV ng quy cch, an ton.

Lin kt vi cc cng ty thuc BVTV h tr t chc hi tho v tng dng c bo h lao ng cho ngi nng dn.

Thng qua cc cuc hi tho, hp dn, t chc tuyn truyn nng cao thc ngi nng dn trong vic qun l bao b rc thi thuc BVTV vi cc ni dung: trnh by v vn nh hng ca thuc BVTV i vi sc khe v mi trng, cch s dng thuc BVTV ng qui cch, k hoch thu gom v qun l cc bao b thuc BVTV an ton v cui cng l nhng li ch m ngi dn s t c.

T chc pht t ri n tay ngi dn thng qua cc ca hng thuc BVTV ti a phng nhm hng dn v cch qun l cc bao b, chai l thuc BVTV trc v sau khi s dng.

CHNG IV : BIN PHP THU GOM:

I. Thi gian v a im thc hin:

ti s c ng dng thc t ngay sau khi c kinh ph h tr.

Do hn ch v mt s iu kin nn ti ch thc hin trn 3 khu vc: Tn Xun, Tn Hng v Tn Bnh thuc khu phng Trng Lc, qun Mn, TP. Cn Th.


Page 16 8/5/2014

II. Phng tin thc hin:

Phng tin thu gom : thng cha bao b, khu trang, gng tay, cc phng tin vn chuyn v chuyn ch khc.

III. Phng php thc hin:

- M chin dch thu gom cc bao b v v chai c sn trn cc cnh ng v knh rch.

Pht ng phong tro thu gom trn 3 khu vc: Tn Xun, Tn Hng v Tn Bnh.

Lin h v kt hp vi cc lc lng on th khu vc: on thanh nin, hi nng dn, hi ph n, hi cu chin binh, hi ch thp v hi ngi cao tui cng tham gia phong tro.

- Vn ng cc h t thu gom v x l ti nh cc bao b thuc BVTV sau cc ma v sp ti.

- Cc bao b sau khi x l c ngi nng dn chuyn n cc i l tin hnh chuyn i x l trit (v d t ti l t cng ty Holcim).

- Tin hnh thu gom nh k sau mi ma v:

cc khu vc ni trn ngi dn thng canh tc 3 v trong nm.

V ng Xun: trong khong thi gian t ngy 10 thng 10 m lch n ngy 10 thng 2 m lch.



Nh vy k hoch thu gom nh k s c chia ra lam 3 t:

t 1: vo cui thng 2 m lch.

t 2: vo gia thng 5 m lch.

t 3: vo cui thng 9 m lch.

CHNG V: PHNG PHP X L:

I. Phng php x l:

1. X l s b ti nh v cc i l bn thuc BVTV:

a. X l ti nh:

Dng tro bp hoc vi Dng c cha cc bao b x l: lu, khp, thng nha, Pha dung dch vi vi nng (0,008g/l) c dung dch pH = 12

Pha tro bp vi nng l 133g/l s c dung dch c pH = 12.


Page 17 8/5/2014

Lu x l

b. X l ti cc i l bn thuc BVTV:

Dng dung dch NaOH (nng : 0.004g/l)

Dng c x l: thng nha loi 1000L, dung dch xt c cho vo khong 2/3 th tch thng x l.

Cch pha xt:

Ta c: 1410OHH

Vi pH=10 1010H

410

14

1010

10OH

M VM

m

V

M

m

V

nOH

41040

m

MOH

mV

m: khi lng xt cn dng.

M: phn t lng NaOH (M=40).

V: th tch dung dch xt (th tch nc cn pha).

Cc bao b c cho vo cc dng c x l v ngm trong mt tun ri vt ra phi kh nhm lm gim tnh c ca cc phn t trong thuc BVTV, hay lm ph v cc lin kt trong phn t thuc BVTV v hnh thnh nn hp cht mi km c hn di tc dng ca tia t ngoi.

Cc chai nha sau khi x l, ngi dn c th bn ve chai hoc mang n cc i l thuc c gim gi khi mua thuc BVTV.


Page 18 8/5/2014

Thng nha loi 1000L

2. X l trit :

Cc i l s tip tc chuyn nhng v chai x l s b n cc cng ty thu hi v ti s dng lm dng c cha thuc BVTV mi, v.v, cn cc bao b (ti trng km) c chuyn n cc c quan chc nng thiu hy (l nung xi mng Holcim,).

II. Thc nghim:

Th nghim c tin hnh ti khung vin Khoa Khoa hc, Trng i hc Cn

Th.

3. X l bng xt cng nghip:

Hnh 7, 8


Page 19 8/5/2014

Hnh 9, 10

1. Ha cht v dng c: a. Ha cht: - Cn 0.06g xt cng nghip. - 15L nc. b. Dng c: - Thng 20L. - a thy tinh. - Cn in t. 2. Tin hnh: - Pha 0.06 g xt trong 15L nc pH = 10. - Cho 10 gi v 2 v chai thuc BVTV sau khi s dng vo thng 20L. - Tip theo, 15L dung dch xt vo thng sao cho ngp cc gi, v chai. - t thng ny trong mi trng t nhin, v ni an ton. 3. Theo di v kt qu:

Thi gian theo di

Ngy u tin

2 ngy 5 ngy 7 ngy

Kt qu Mi nng nc

Vn cn mi Cn t Khng cn mi


Page 20 8/5/2014

4. X l bng tro bp (hay vi):

Th nghim c tin hnh ging nh trn, trong xt cng nghip c thay bng tro bp (c th l vi): Cho 2kg tro bp vo thng 20L, tip tc cho 15L nc vo khuy n khi tro bp tan ra, (kim tra pH = 12). Sau ln lt cho 5 v chai v 6 gi bao b thuc BVTV sau khi s dng vo v n chm cho dung dch tro bp ngp ht cc gi v v chai. t thng x l trong mi trng t nhin v an ton. D kin s theo di th nghim trong thi gian l 10 ngy. Nhng do thi gian c hn nn ch kho st trong 4 ngy. Sau 4 ngy, ta nhn thy mi ca cc bao b gim i r rt.

CHNG V: THO LUN :

I. u im:

Pht ng phong tro bo v mi sinh xanh, sch, p.

Gp phn nng cao thc ngi dn trong vic s dng v bo qun thuc BVTV ng qui cch.


Page 21 8/5/2014

Rn luyn tinh thn v li ch cng ng cho tng lp thanh nin.

II. Nhc im:

u ra ca bao b chai l sau khi x l cha c u t tha ng.

Cha tm c ngun h tr vn chuyn cc bao b x l s b n c quan thiu hy.

CHNG VI: D KIN KT QU T C :

Hn ch ti a d lng thuc BVTV trn ng rung, trong nng sn trong tng lai.

Xy dng m hnh qun l bao b thuc BVTV 3 khu vc Tn Xun, Tn Bnh, Tn Hng thuc phng Trng Lc. T lm c s nhn rng ra cc vng khc.

To mt mi trng xanh, sch, p cho phng Trng Lc.


Page 22 8/5/2014

PHIU THU THP THNG TIN

--------------------

I- THNG TIN C NHN:

Ngy phng vn: ............................... .. ................................................................

H v tn: ................................................................... Nam N

Tui ......................................................................................................................

a ch: .................................................................................................................

C (ch) lm rung uc bao nhiu nm: .......................................................

II- THNG TIN CHI TIT:

1- Tng din tch t canh tc: .....................................................................

2- C cu ma v:

a. 01 v/nm. b.02 v/nm.

c. 03 v/nm. d.04 v/nm.

3- C (ch) thng s dng loi bao b ca thuc bo v thc vt no nhiu

nht.

a. Chai nha. b. Chai thy tinh.

c. Gi. d. Dng khc.

4- Bao b thuc bo v thc vt sau khi s dng c (ch) thng b u?

a. B ti rung. c. Chn xung t.

b. B trn sng rch. d. Thiu hy.

e. Mang v s dng cho mc ch khc ( c th mc ch g?).

..................................................................................................................

5- C (ch) ngh g v tc hi ca thuc bo v thc vt i vi mi trng v

sc khe con ngi. ............................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................

6- C (ch) trang b bo v no khi phun xt thuc ( c th chn nhiu cu).

a. Gng tay. c. Mt knh.

b. Khu trang. d. Mt qun o knh ngi.

e. Cc dng c khc (dng c g?) .......................................................

7- Nu c chng trnh thu gom bao b thuc bo v thc vt qua s dng th

c (ch) ngh nh th no?

a. Nhit tnh tham gia. c. Khng quan tm.

b. Tham gia. .d. kin khc.


Page 23 8/5/2014

8- Bin php thu gom bao b no sau y m c (ch) xem l hiu qu nht:

a. B vo thng rc ti rung. c. Bn ve chai.

b. B vo thng rc ti nh. d. kin khc.

9-Bnh phun thuc sau khi s dng c (ch) thung ra u?

a. Ra ti nh.

b. Ra di sng.

c. Ra cc rnh ti rung.

10-C (ch) c mua thuc vi s lung nhiu d tr cho v sau khng?

a. C thng xuyn.

b. Khng.

c. Thnh thong.

11- C ( ch) bit thng tin v thuc bo v thc vt t u:

a. Truyn hnh.

b. Sch bo.

c. Cn b khuyn nng.

d. Cc ngun khc..

12-C (ch) thng s dng thuc BVTV ca cng ty no? .........................

13- Nu xy dng mt h x l bao b thuc bo v thc vt sau khi s dng

trn t ca c (ch) th c (ch) c ng h hay khng? ..................................

.............................................................................................................................

14-C (ch) c xut kin hay c nguyn vng g v vn bo v mi trng hay khng?. .............................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. XIN CM N S GIP CA C (CH) K tn


Page 24 8/5/2014

DANH SCH CC NNG H C PHNG VN

STT H TN GII TNH

TUI

A CH

1 Trn Vn Vin Nam 40 Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc-Q. Mn-TP Cn Th.

2 Hunh Vn Thng Nam 63 // 3 L Vn Cao Nam 51 // 4 Nguyn Th Hu N 60 105-Tn Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn

Th. 5 Nguyn Thanh Tun Nam 33 Tn Hng P.Trng Lc- Mn Cn Th. 6 Phm Huyn V Nam 49 // 7 Ng Vn Gn Nam 55 // 8 Phan Vn Hng Nam 48 // 9 on Vn M Nam 45 // 10 Trn Tn Huy Nam 51 // 11 Tng Th Khi N 46 // 12 Dng Vn Dng Nam 49 Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn- Cn Th. 13 Nguyn Th Hin N 62 132-Trng HngP.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn

Th. 14 Nguyn Vn Hip Nam 42 // 15 Bi Vn B Nam 41 // 16 Bi Vn C Nam 39 // 17 Phm Th Bnh Nam 56 167-Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn- Cn

Th. 18 V th Tuyt Hnh N 40 175-Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 19 Phm Sn Lm Nam 48 Tn Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn th. 20 Trng Thnh Ca Nam 38 // 21 Nguyn Vn Du Nam 65 // 22 Hunh Vn To Nam 38 213-Tn Xun-P Trng Lc- Mn- Cn

Th. 23 T Vn Qi Nam 53 207-Tn Xun-P. Trng Lc- Mn-Cn

Th. 24 L Vn Minh Nam 71 217-Tn Xun-P.Trng lc- Mn-Cn Th. 25 L Vn Dnh Nam 46 Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 26 ng Vn Hai Nam 139-Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 27 inh Vn Dn Nam 53 157-Tn Xun-P Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 28 L Vn Ha Nam 55 042-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 29 Nguyn Vn Trung Nam 44 130-Trng Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn

Th. 30 Nguyn Thanh Tng Nam 37 128-Trng Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn

Th. 31 Hunh Vn Dng Nam 40 107-Trng Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn

Th. 32 Nguyn Vn Tn Nam 36 Trng Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 33 Nguyn Vn Tim Nam 70 396-Trng Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn

th. 34 Nguyn th Bch Hu N 34 Trng Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 35 Th Hng N 36 031-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 36 Trn Thnh Tm Nam 39 Trng Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th.


Page 25 8/5/2014

37 Phm Vn Hoch Nam 55 229-Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 38 Phm Thanh Tuyn N 41 225-Tn Xun-P.Trng lc- Mn-Cn th. 39 Phm Vn Chu Nam 77 Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 40 Phm Quang Trung Nam 53 // 41 Phm Vn K Nam 59 // 42 Trng Vn Nam 74 056-Trng Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn

th. 43 Nguyn Th B Hai N 43 Trng Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 44 Hunh Vn Tun Nam 42 065-Trng Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn

Th. 45 Nguyn Vn Nhiu Nam 38 072-Trng Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn

Th. 46 Tng Vn Thanh Trng Nam 070-Trng Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn

Th. 47 Trn Vn Ti Nam 58 Trng Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 48 ng Th Kiu M N 48 24-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 49 Nguyn Vn Quang Nam 69 022-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 50 Cao Th Hu Thanh N 25 023-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 51 Nguyn Vit Dng Nam 36 Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 52 Nguyn Vn Hai Nam 79 113-Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 53 Nguyn Th Thu Oanh N 131-Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 54 Trnh B Nm N 53 Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 55 Nguyn Th M Linh N 31 // 56 V Vn Nhn Nam 59 092-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 57 Nguyn Vn Thng Nam 47 082-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 58 ng Quang Minh Nam 68 126-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 59 Hunh Vn Vn Nam 62 Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 60 Trn Vn Hin Nam 79 130-Tn Bnh P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn

Th. 61 Cng Th Ba N 68 134-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 62 Nguyn Vn B Nam 58 Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 63 Nguyn Vnh Thnh Nam 52 // 64 T Vn Mun Nam 47 Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 65 L Vn Phng Nam 36 // 66 Phm Th Su N 61 Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 67 ng Th Loan N 36 Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 68 Phan Minh Nh Nam 24 Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 69 Nguyn Th Thu N 33 // 70 Hunh Vn Ngc Nam 70 // 71 Trn Hong Hng Nam 54 // 72 Nguyn Th Ba N 67 Trng Trung-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 73 Phm Th Hng Em N 41 Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 74 T Vn Thu Nam 58 // 75 Nguyn Thanh Tng Nam 20 // 76 Nguyn Vn Su Nam 79 // 77 Nguyn Th Hin N 49 // 78 Trn Ngc K Nam 87 Tn Bnh-P Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 79 Trn Vn Hng Nam 62 130-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 80 Phan Thanh Kha Nam 56 124B-Tn Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn

Th. 81 Nguyn Vn Ty Nam 37 Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn Cn Th.


Page 26 8/5/2014

82 Trnh B Hai Nam 60 076-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 83 Thi Vn Thun Nam 69 086-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 84 V Vn Vit Hng Nam 50 068-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 85 Nguyn Th Phng N 62 Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 86 Phan Thnh Bin Nam 44 044-Tn Bnh-P.Trng lc- Mn-Cn Th. 87 Phan Vn Thp Nam 69 041-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 88 L Hng Thi N 36 029-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 89 Nguyn Th Bch Yn N 41 028-Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 90 H Vn Ph Nam 65 Tn Bnh-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 91 Nguyn Vn Thnh Nam 35 Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 92 Phan Th H N 47 Trng Hng-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th. 93 Phm Vn Thch Nam 49 Tn Xun-P.Trng Lc- Mn-Cn Th.


Page 27 8/5/2014

TI LIU THAM KHO:

- ng nh Tun Huy Thng k din tch t nng nghip 31/10/ 2008- n v phng Trng Lc.

- L Hong Vit Giao trnh Qun l cht thi c hi .

- Trn Quang Hng Thuc tr dch hi bo v cy trng Cc trng trt v bo v thc vt B nng nghip v CNTP 1991.

- Bayer CropScience S tay hng dn s dng thuc BVTV Khoa hc v cuc sng tt p hn.

- Cng ty trch nhim hu hn Ph Nng S tay hng dn s dng thuc BVTV.

- Cng ty c phn kh trng gim nh Vit Nam S tay hng dn qun l dch hi trn cy la.

- Phm Th Minh Tr Lun vn tt nghip i hc chuyn ngnh mi trng v qun l ti nguyn thin nhin Hin trng s dng thuc BVTV trn cc m hnh canh tc la 3 v/ nm, la c, la- mu v cy n qu ti Ci B v Ci Ly Tin Giang. 2005.

- Trn Thi Thanh Phong Lun vn tt nghip i hc Hin trng s dng ha cht thuc BVTV trong cc vng la trng im ng bng Sng Cu Long.

- Phm Bch Ngn, inh Xun Thng Ha cht v sc khe NXB i Hc quc gia 2006.

- Cc ngun khc:

+ http://www.vista.gov.vn/pls/portal/PORTAL.wwv_media.show?p_id=376719&p_settingssetid=1&p_settingssiteid=33&p_siteid=33&p_type=basetext&p_textid=376720.

+ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoxy

+http://community.h2vn.com/index.php?topic=3461.0#ixzz0DW0c8Z4T&A.

+ http://ttvnol.com/forum/ttx/744327.ttvn?v=5p5xv87sqavjq7ilj88o. +http://www.clst.ac.vn/AP/tapchitrongnuoc/kcm/2001/tapchi10/4/tep41.htm.

+ http://www.nea.gov.vn/tapchi/Toanvan/01-2k3-18.htm.

+http://www.techmartvietnam.vn/news/200408101270308789/2007080933454

66567/tmnews_view.

+http://www.vinachem.com.vn/XBPViewContent.asp?DetailXBPID=471&CateXBPDetailID=35&CateXBPID=1&Year=2000.

HolcimPrize 2009 CTU

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