HIV and Hepatitis Prevention Programmes in Eastern Europe Case Example: Georgia Nikoloz Chkhartishvili, MD, MS, PhD Deputy Executive Director for Research Infectious Diseases, AIDS and Clinical Immunology Research Center 30-31 January 2019, Bucharest
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HIV and Hepatitis Prevention Programmes in Eastern Europe ... · –Decriminalization of a) possession of dried marijuana
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HIV and Hepatitis Prevention
Programmes in Eastern Europe
Case Example: Georgia
Nikoloz Chkhartishvili, MD, MS, PhD Deputy Executive Director for Research
Infectious Diseases, AIDS and Clinical Immunology Research Center
30-31 January 2019, Bucharest
• No conflicts of interest
30-31 January 2019, Bucharest
HIV in Georgia
% Estimated Number
Anti-HIV+ 0.4% 10 500
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
Distribution of New Diagnoses by Transmission Categories
IDU Hetero MSM
30-31 January 2019, Bucharest
344 351 385
455 424
526 490
564
717 719
631 672
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10
20
11
20
12
20
13
20
14
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
18
Number of New Diagnoses
HCV in Georgia
2015 Population Survey
% Estimated number
anti-HCV+ 7.7% 208 000
HCV RNA+ 5.4% 150 000
Risk Factors for HCV Infection
IDU only; 33,6%
IDU + Blood
transfus.; 4,6%
Blood transfus.
only; 15,1%
Undetermined; 46,7%
30-31 January 2019, Bucharest Baliashvili D et al. Abstract THU-203; EASL 2017.
HCV/HIV Ratio: 19.8
Timeline of HIV Response in Georgia
30-31 January 2019, Bucharest
1984 1994 1997 2001 2002 2004 2005 2015 2017 2019
HIV Lab
National programs on
AIDS prevention and treatment
Triple ART NSP
Arrival of Global Fund: ART and PMTCT scale-up
Prevention roll-out
OST
Treat All
PrEP
Transition from GF to domestic funding by 2022:
OST and ART already transitioned
PMTCT
Needles and Syringes Distributed, 2011-2017
30-31 January 2019, Bucharest GAM Country Reports 2011-2017 https://aidsreportingtool.unaids.org/
0.9 mln 1.0 mln 2.0 mln 3.6 mln 3.6 mln 4.5 mln 3.8 mln 0
20
40
60
80
100
0
1
2
3
4
5
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Mill
ion
s
Total needles/syrunges distributed Needles/syringes distributed per PWID
• Harsh drug policy based on punishment rather than care
Progress
• Constitutional court decisions on:
– Decriminalization of a) possession of dried marijuana <70 g (October
2015), b) cultivation of cannabis <151 g (Jul 2017), c) possession of
desomporphine 0.00009 g (Jul 2017), d) recreational use of marijuana
(Nov 2017); Legalization of recreational use of marijuana (Jul 2018)
• Repressive law enforcement practices has been changing
and imprisonment for drug related offences is decreasing Beselia A et al. The Drug Situation in Georgia 2016-2017. Tbilisi, Georgia. Human Rights Education and Monitoring Center (EMC): https://emc.org.ge