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Hiu koboi (Carcharhinus longimanus) adalah hiu pelagik berukuran besar yang mendiami
lautan di wilayah beriklim tropis dan sedang yang bersuhu hangat. Tubuh dempak hewan ini
dikenal memiliki sirip ventral berujung putih yang bulat dan panjang.
Ikan yang agresif namun bergerak lambat ini merupakan hewan berkelompok yang ganas
dalam menyerang korban kecelakaan kapal dan pesawat yang terapung di laut. [3 !tudi baru"
baru ini menunjukkan turunnya jumlah populasi hewan ini dengan curam dikarenakan
siripnya yang besar dihargai tinggi sebagai bahan utama dari !up sirip hiu dan# bersama jenis
hiu lainnya# hewan ini menghadapi tekanan perikanan yang membesar sepanjang wilayah
sebarannya
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zona_pelagikhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiu_koboi#cite_note-nova-3http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sup_sirip_hiuhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiu_koboi#cite_note-nova-3http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sup_sirip_hiuhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zona_pelagik
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Ikan pari manta (Manta birostris) adalah salah satu spesies ikan pari terbesar di dunia.
$ebar tubuhnya dari ujung sirip dada ke ujung sirip lainnya mencapai hampir % meter(kemungkinan lebih karena ada laporan yang mengatakan bahwa ada manta yang lebar
tubuhnya mencapai ' meter). obot terberat manta sendiri yang pernah diukur mencapai 3
ton.['
anta dapat ditemukan di lautan tropis di seluruh dunia " kurang lebih antara 3*o lintang
utara hingga 3*o lintang selatan. +ersebarannya yang luas dan penampilannya yang unik
menyebabkan ikan ini memiliki banyak nama mulai dari ,manta +asifik,# ,manta -tlantik,#
,devil fish,# hingga ,sea devil,. i Indonesia sendiri# pari manta memiliki aneka nama lokal
seperti cawang kalung# plampangan# serta pari kerbau[/ (mungkin karena bagian tubuh
mirip tanduk di kepalanya sehingga ia dianggap mirip dengan kerbau).
+ari manta belakangan dikategorikan sebagai ,dekat dengan ancaman, (near threatened) oleh
I012 karena walaupun jumlahnya belum masuk kategori terancam punah# namun pada masa
depan diperkirakan populasinya akan menyusut hingga akhirnya terancam punah.[3 +opulasi
pari manta dianggap dekat dengan bahaya karena tingginya kegiatan perikanan dan kondisi
laut yang semakin terpolusi# namun rasio kelahiran mereka rendah.[
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spesieshttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikan_parihttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sirip_dada&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikan_pari_manta#cite_note-fishbase-1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropishttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropishttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikan_pari_manta#cite_note-2http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tandukhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerbauhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerbauhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCNhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikan_pari_manta#cite_note-3http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perikananhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauthttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikan_pari_manta#cite_note-faq-4http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spesieshttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikan_parihttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sirip_dada&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikan_pari_manta#cite_note-fishbase-1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropishttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikan_pari_manta#cite_note-2http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tandukhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerbauhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCNhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikan_pari_manta#cite_note-3http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perikananhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauthttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikan_pari_manta#cite_note-faq-4
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Hiu penjemur
Hiu penjemur# Cetorhinus maximus# adalah ikan terbesar kedua setelah hiu paus. !pesies ini
merupakan spesies kosmopolitan " spesies ini dapat ditemui di samudra hangat di seluruh
dunia. 4iu ini bergerak lambat dan tidak berbahaya. !eperti hiu lainnya# hiu ini terancam
punah.
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiu_paushttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spesies_kosmopolitan&action=edit&redlink=1http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiu_paushttp://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spesies_kosmopolitan&action=edit&redlink=1
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Hiu paus# Rhincodon typus# adalah hiu pemakan plankton yang merupakan spesies ikan
terbesar. 1ucut ini mendapatkan namanya (Ingg.5 whale shark ) karena ukuran tubuhnya yang
besar [/ dan kebiasaan makannya dengan menyaring air laut menyerupai kebanyakan jenis
paus. isebut pula dengan nama geger lintang (dari bahasa 6awa5 punggung berbintang) dan
hiu tutul (nama yang cenderung menyesatkan# karena banyak jenis cucut yang berpola tutul)#
merujuk pada pola warna di punggungnya yang bertotol"totol# serupa bintang di langit.
4iu ini mengembara di samudera tropis dan lautan yang beriklim hangat# dan dapat hidup
hingga berusia %7 tahun. !pesies ini dipercaya berasal dari sekitar 87 juta tahun yang lalu.
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiuhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiuhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planktonhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planktonhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Inggrishttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiu_paus#cite_note-2http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paushttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Jawahttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiuhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planktonhttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Inggrishttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiu_paus#cite_note-2http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paushttp://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Jawa
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Hiu putih (nama ilmiah Carcharodon carcharias# juga dikenal sebagai hiu putih besar#
pointer putih# hiu putih# atau si putih yang mematikan)# adalah hiu lamniform besar yang ada
di pesisir perairan di seluruh permukaan lautan utama. 4iu putih besar dikenal karena
ukurannya# dengan individu terbesar yang panjang tubuhnya mendekati atau bahkan
melampaui 8 meter (/7 kaki)# dan dengan berat sebesar /./89 kg (*.777 lb). 4iu jenis ini
akan mencapai kedewasaan saat berumur '* tahun# dan dapat hidup sekitar 37 tahun.
4iu putih ini bisa dibilang hiu terbesar yang dikenal di dunia dan merupakan salah satu
predator utama untuk mamalia laut. !elain itu# ia juga memangsa berbagai hewan laut
lainnya# termasuk ikan# pinnipeds# dan juga burung laut. Ini adalah hidup hanya dikenal
spesies dari perusahaan genus# 1archarodon# dan berada pada peringkat pertama dalam daftar
jumlah serangan hewan yang tercatat pada manusia. I012 (International 0nion for
1onservation of 2ature) memperlakukan hiu putih sebagai spesies yang hampir punah# walau
termasuk dalam -ppendi: II dari 1IT;!.
2ovel best"selling ,6aws, oleh +eter enchley yang disusul oleh film blockbuster !teven
!pielberg menggambarkan hiu putih sebagai ,pemakan manusia yang ganas,. +ada
kenyataannya# manusia bukanlah mangsa yang disukai oleh hiu putih ini.
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Sawfsh (Anoxypristis cuspidata)
Knietooth sawfsh (Anoxypristis cuspidata), juga dikenal sebagai ikan hiu
todak menunjuk atau sempit, adalah ikan hiu todak dari keluarga Pristidae ,
ditemukan di perairan pantai yang dangkal dan muara dari Indo-Pasifk Barat ,
mulai dari Laut Merah dan Teluk Persia ke selatan Jepang , Papua Nugini dan
utara ustralia ! Ini adalah satu-satunya anggota genus Anoxypristis, tetapi
telah dimasukkan dalam Pristis ! "ibandingkan dengan genus itu, Anoxypristis
memiliki melihat rostral sempit dengan gigi banyak pada bagian distal dan tidak
ada gigi kuartal terdekat kepala! #al ini hampir punah spesies men$apai panjang
hingga %,& meter '() kaki*!
http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawfish&usg=ALkJrhhlKr_hsrKv_DEXTJ0IIRdvfuXXeQhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)&usg=ALkJrhjf9n5qvhyMgYJn1kRbXdgjghteZAhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pristidae&usg=ALkJrhhOlMsPy5__LrLGo9WSTkyNooFUTAhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Pacific&usg=ALkJrhjV7gAGm048m3ErFOZinD-dQAL9Fghttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Sea&usg=ALkJrhie9VjX2vVhJwHxVNO75-cTTDwEpwhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_Gulf&usg=ALkJrhjkLUdQT0gH6wBdbK7YhrPdiTqyMwhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan&usg=ALkJrhi3h67GHDseMS-eKx4PY1lfL0nVbAhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea&usg=ALkJrhic226a795Gm32hnw3xwFlRFybJmghttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia&usg=ALkJrhjs0wb5_IK6QzWSVQdKomyDzCus2whttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genus&usg=ALkJrhjZwv6x0qa8pqnACL2ULMEuQKDKoghttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pristis&usg=ALkJrhhMcKvSNqFjMz6HBD06MDiLmpUAMwhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critically_endangered&usg=ALkJrhiENw2cID68r6uBGeVpJRKXfQC9Xwhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawfish&usg=ALkJrhhlKr_hsrKv_DEXTJ0IIRdvfuXXeQhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)&usg=ALkJrhjf9n5qvhyMgYJn1kRbXdgjghteZAhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pristidae&usg=ALkJrhhOlMsPy5__LrLGo9WSTkyNooFUTAhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Pacific&usg=ALkJrhjV7gAGm048m3ErFOZinD-dQAL9Fghttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Sea&usg=ALkJrhie9VjX2vVhJwHxVNO75-cTTDwEpwhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_Gulf&usg=ALkJrhjkLUdQT0gH6wBdbK7YhrPdiTqyMwhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan&usg=ALkJrhi3h67GHDseMS-eKx4PY1lfL0nVbAhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea&usg=ALkJrhic226a795Gm32hnw3xwFlRFybJmghttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia&usg=ALkJrhjs0wb5_IK6QzWSVQdKomyDzCus2whttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genus&usg=ALkJrhjZwv6x0qa8pqnACL2ULMEuQKDKoghttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pristis&usg=ALkJrhhMcKvSNqFjMz6HBD06MDiLmpUAMwhttp://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&rurl=translate.google.co.id&sl=en&tl=id&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critically_endangered&usg=ALkJrhiENw2cID68r6uBGeVpJRKXfQC9Xw
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The spotted eagle ray ( Aetobatus narinari) is a cartilaginous fish of the eagle ray family#
yliobatidae. It can be found globally in tropical regions# including the cean# >ceania# and on both coasts of the
-mericas at depths down to about 97 meters (/8/ ft). The rays are most commonly seen
alone# but occasionally swim in groups. ?ays are ovoviviparous# the female retaining the eggs
then releasing the young as miniature versions of the parent.
This ray can be identified by its dark dorsal surface covered in white spots or rings. 2ear the
base of the ray@s relatively long tail# just behind the pelvic fins# are several venomous# barbed
stingers. !potted eagle rays commonly feed on small fish and crustaceans# and will
sometimes dig with their snouts to look for food buried in the sand of the sea bed. These rays
are commonly observed leaping out of the water# and on at least two occasions have been
reported as having jumped into boats# in one incident resulting in the death of a woman in theAlorida Beys. The spotted eagle ray is hunted by a wide variety of sharks. The rays are
considered 2ear Threatened on the I012 ?ed $ist. They are fished mainly in !outheast -sia
and -frica# the most common market being in commercial trade and aCuariums. They are
protected in the seania# dan pada kedua
pantai of the -mericas di kedalaman sampai sekitar 97 meter (/8/ ft). !inar yang paling
sering terlihat sendirian# tapi kadang"kadang berenang dalam kelompok. !inar ovoviviparous#laki"laki mempertahankan telur kemudian melepaskan muda sebagai versi miniatur dari
orangtua.
?ay ini dapat diidentifikasi oleh permukaan dorsal gelap yang tercakup dalam bintik"bintik
putih atau cincin. ekat pangkal ekor relatif lama ray# tepat di belakang sirip# adalah
beberapa hewan berpenyengat berbisa# berduri. elihat eagle rays umumnya memakan ikan
kecil dan 1rustacea# dan kadang"kadang akan menggali dengan pintar untuk mencari
makanan yang dimakamkan di pasir laut. !inar ini sering diamati melompat keluar dari air#
dan setidaknya dua kali telah dilaporkan sebagai memiliki melompat ke perahu# dalam satu
insiden mengakibatkan kematian seorang wanita di Alorida Beys. elihat elang ray diburu
oleh berbagai macam hiu. !inar dianggap hampir terancam di dalam I012 ?ed $ist. ereka
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartilaginous_fishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eagle_rayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexicohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Oceanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Oceanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovoviviparoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsum_(anatomy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelvic_finhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crustaceanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crustaceanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_Keyshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_Threatenedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCN_Red_Listhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reefhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartilaginous_fishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eagle_rayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexicohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Oceanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovoviviparoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsum_(anatomy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelvic_finhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crustaceanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_Keyshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_Threatenedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCN_Red_Listhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Barrier_Reef
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ditangkap terutama di -sia Tenggara dan -frika# pasar umum kebanyakan berada di
perdagangan dan akuarium. ereka dilindungi di
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The spiny dogfsh, spurdog, mud shark , or piked dogfsh, Squalus
acanthias, is one o+ the best knon spe$ies o+ the .ualidae 'dogfsh* +amily o+
sharks, hi$h is part o+ the .uali+ormes order! /hile these $ommon names may
apply to se0eral spe$ies, Squalus acanthias is distinguished by ha0ing to spines'one anterior to ea$h dorsal fn* and la$ks an anal fn! It is +ound mostly in
shallo aters and +urther o1shore in most parts o+ the orld, espe$ially in
temperate aters!
erduri dogfish# spurdog# hiu $umpur# atau piked dogfish# !Cualus acanthias# adalah salah
satu spesies paling terkenal dari keluarga hiu# !Cualidae (dogfish) yang merupakan bagian
dari urutan !Cualiformes. !ementara nama"nama umum ini mungkin berlaku bagi beberapa
spesies# !Cualus acanthias dibedakan oleh memiliki dua duri (satu anterior setiap dorsal fin)
dan tidak memiliki sirip dubur. 4al ini ditemukan terutama di perairan dangkal dan lebih
lanjut lepas pantai di sebagian besar dunia# terutama di perairan yang beriklim sedang.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squalidaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squaliformeshttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/anteriorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_finhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal_finhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squalidaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squaliformeshttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/anteriorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_finhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal_fin
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The great white shark 'Carcharodon carcharias*, also knon as the great
white, white pointer, white shark , or white death, is a spe$ies o+ large
lamni+orm shark hi$h $an be +ound in the $oastal sur+a$e aters o+ all the major
o$eans! The great hite shark is mainly knon +or its si2e, ith matureindi0iduals groing up to 3!% m '4( +t* in length 'although reports ha0e been
published o+ great hite sharks measuring o0er 5 m '43 +t*,678 and 7,74% kg
'&,745 lb* in eight*!6%86)86386&8 This shark rea$hes its maturity around () years o+
age and as pre0iously belie0ed to ha0e a li+e span o+ o0er 79 years! The true
li+espan o+ great hite sharks is +ar longer: no estimated to be as long as &9
years or more, making it one o+ the longest li0ed $artilaginous fsh $urrently
knon!658 Male great hite sharks take 43 years to rea$h se;ual maturity, hile
the +emales take 77 years to be ready to produ$e o1spring!6h '7) mph*!6(98
#iu putih besar '?ar$harodon $ar$harias*, juga dikenal sebagai putih besar, putih
pointer, hiu putih, atau kematian putih, adalah spesies hiu besar lamni+orm yang
dapat ditemukan di perairan permukaan pantai semua lautan besar! The great
hite shark is mainly knon +or its si2e, ith mature indi0iduals groing up to
3!% m '4( +t* in length 'although reports ha0e been published o+ great hite
sharks measuring o0er 5 m '43 +t*,678 and 7,74% kg '&,745 lb* in eight*! 6%8 6)8
638 6&8 hiu ini men$apai kedeasaan yang sekitar usia () tahun dan sebelumnya
diper$aya memiliki rentang hidup yang lebih dari 79 tahun! @mur sejati dari ikan
hiu putih besar jauh lebih lama: ekarang diperkirakan selama &9 tahun atau
lebih, menjadikannya salah satu terpanjang hidup ikan bertulang raan yang
saat ini dikenal! 658 laki-laki ikan hiu putih besar mengambil 43 tahun untuk
men$apai kematangan seksual, sementara kaum perempuan mengambil 77
tahun akan siap untuk menghasilkan keturunan! 6h '7) mph*!
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamniformeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-Taylor-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-Tricas_1984-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-GWB-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-NG-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-LGWS-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_maturityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-sciencedaily.com-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-livescience.com-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamniformeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-Taylor-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-Tricas_1984-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-GWB-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-NG-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-LGWS-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_maturityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-sciencedaily.com-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-livescience.com-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_white_shark#cite_note-10
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The sand tiger shark 'Carcharias taurus*, grey nurse shark , spotted
ragged-tooth shark , or bue-nurse sand tiger is a spe$ies o+ shark thatinhabits subtropi$al and temperate aters orldide! It inhabits the $ontinental
shel+ , +rom sandy shorelines 'hen$e the name sand tiger shark* and submerged
ree+s to a depth o+ around (
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mempunyai air sejuk dan subtropis di seluruh dunia! pesies kontinen, dari garis
pantai berpasir 'maka nama pasir #iu harimau* dan tenggelam karang hingga
kedalaman sekitar (
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misidentifications spesies lain dari gergaji. [' critically endangered spesies [' mencapai
panjang hingga %.8 meter (/* kaki). [/
The porbeage 'Lamna nasus* is a spe$ies o+ ma$kerel shark in the +amily
Lamnidae, distributed idely in the $old and temperate marine aters o+ the
North tlanti$ and outhern #emisphere! In the North Pa$if$, its e$ologi$al
e.ui0alent is the $losely related salmon shark 'L. ditropis*! The porbeagle
typi$ally rea$hes 4!) m '5!4 +t* in length and a eight o+ (7) kg '4
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The dusky shark 'Carcharhinus obscurus* is a spe$ies o+ re.uiem shark, in the+amily ?ar$harhinidae, o$$urring in tropi$al and arm-temperate $ontinental
seas orldide! generalist ape; predator, the dusky shark $an be +ound +rom
the $oast to the outer $ontinental shel+ and adja$ent pelagi$ aters, and has
been re$orded +rom a depth o+ %99 m '(,799 +t*! Populations migrate seasonally
toards the poles in the summer and toards the e.uator in the inter, tra0eling
hundreds to thousands o+ kilometers! Ene o+ the largest members o+ its genus,
the dusky shark rea$hes %!4 m '(% +t* in length and 7%& kg '&3) lb* in eight! It
has a slender, streamlined body and $an be identifed by its short round snout,
long si$kle-shaped pe$toral fns, ridge beteen the frst and se$ond dorsal fns,
and +aintly marked fns!
4iu (1archarhinus obscurus) adalah spesies hiu reCuiem# dalam keluarga 1archarhinidae#
terjadi di tropis dan hangat iklim kontinental laut di seluruh dunia. +redator generalis tingkat
tinggi# hiu dapat ditemukan dari pantai landas benua bagian luar dan perairan pelagis
berdekatan# dan telah tercatat dari kedalaman 77 m ('.377 kaki). +opulasi memigrasi
musiman menuju kutub di musim panas dan menuju khatulistiwa di musim dingin# perjalanan
ratusan hingga ribuan kilometer. >ne of the largest members of its genus# the dusky shark
reaches ./ m (' ft) in length and 3% kg (%8* lb) in weight. Ini memiliki tubuh yang
ramping# efisien dan dapat diidentifikasi dengan moncong bulat pendek# panjang sabit
berbentuk sirip dada# ridge antara pertama dan kedua sirip dorsal# dan samar"samar ditandai
sirip.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem_sharkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalist_and_specialist_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apex_predatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_shelfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_migrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectoral_finhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_finhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem_sharkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalist_and_specialist_specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apex_predatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_shelfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_migrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectoral_finhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorsal_fin
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The !anges shark 'Glyphis aneticus* is a $riti$ally endangered spe$ies o+
re.uiem shark +ound in the =anges Di0er and the Brahmaputra Di0er o+ India! It
is o+ten $on+used ith the more $ommon bull shark 'Carcharhinus leucas*, hi$h
also inhabits the =anges Di0er and is sometimes in$orre$tly re+erred to as the
=anges shark!6(8 @nlike bull sharks, hi$h need to migrate to salt ater to
reprodu$e, spe$ies in the genus Glyphis are true ri0er sharks! The genus $ontains
a total o+ si; knon spe$ies, only hal+ o+ hi$h are des$ribed!648
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The blue shark ( Prionace glauca) is a species of reCuiem shark # in the family
1archarhinidae# that inhabits deep waters in the world@s temperate and tropical oceans.
+referring cooler waters#
[3
blue sharks migrate long distances# such as from 2ew ;ngland to!outh -merica.
-lthough generally lethargic# they can move very Cuickly. lue sharks are viviparous and are
noted for large litters of /* to over '77 pups. They feed primarily on small fish and sCuid#
although they can take larger prey. a:imum lifespan is still unknown# but it is believed that
they can live up to /7 years.[
4iu biru (+rionace glauca) adalah spesies hiu reCuiem# dalam keluarga 1archarhinidae# yang
mempunyai air yang dalam di lautan tropis dan iklim di dunia. emilih air dingin# [3 hiu
biru bermigrasi lama jarak# seperti dari 2ew ;ngland ke -merika !elatan.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem_sharkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem_sharkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem_sharkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_shark#cite_note-FAO-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_migrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethargyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viviparoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_shark#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem_sharkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem_sharkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_shark#cite_note-FAO-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_migrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lethargyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viviparoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_shark#cite_note-4
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eskipun umumnya lesu# mereka dapat bergerak sangat cepat. 4iu biru vivipar dan dicatat
untuk besar usungan dari /* pups lebih dari '77. ereka makan pada ikan kecil dan cumi"
cumi# meskipun mereka dapat mengambil mangsa yang lebih besar. 0mur maksimum masih
belum diketahui# tetapi hal ini diyakini bahwa mereka dapat hidup hingga /7 tahun. [
The giant reshwater stingray '!imantura polylepis, also idely knon by the
junior synonym !. chaophraya* is a spe$ies o+ stingray in the +amily "asyatidae!
It is +ound in large ri0ers and estuaries in Indo$hina and Borneo, though
histori$ally it may ha0e been more idely distributed in outh and outheast
sia! Ene o+ the largest +reshater fshes in the orld, this spe$ies gros
upards o+ (!< m '3!4 +t* a$ross and may rea$h 399 kg '(,799 lb* in eight! It
has a relati0ely thin, o0al pe$toral fn dis$ that is idest anteriorly, and a sharply
pointed snout ith a protruding tip! Its tail is thin and hip-like, and la$ks fn
+olds! This spe$ies is uni+ormly grayish bron abo0e and hite belo: the
underside o+ the pe$toral and pel0i$ fns bear distin$ti0e ide, dark bands on
their posterior margins!
Merupakan spesies ikan pari dalam +amily "asyatidae! #ean iniditemukan di sungai besar dan muara sungai di Indo$ina dan Falimantan,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junior_synonymhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myliobatiformeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyatidaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuarieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indochinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectoral_finhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelvic_finhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junior_synonymhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myliobatiformeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyatidaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuarieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indochinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectoral_finhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelvic_fin
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meskipun se$ara historis mungkin telah lebih luas penyebarannya di sia
elatan dan Tenggara! pesies ini dapat tumbuh hingga (,< m '3,4 +t*
panjangnya dan beratnya men$apai 399 kg '(!799 lb*! Pari jenis ini
memiliki mon$ong tajam dengan ujung menonjol! Gkornya tipis dan
seperti $ambuk! pesies ini berarna $oklat hingga keabu-abuan!
The bluespotted stingray (Dasyatis kuhlii ) or Kuhl's stingray, is a species of stingray of
the Dasyatidae family. It is light green with blue spots. Its disk width hovers around 4
centimeters (!" in). It is popular in a#uaria but usually not distinguished from thebluespotted
ribbontail ray. The ribbontail is rounder with brighter blue and more vivid spots, but the
bluespotted stingray is larger .$!%The stingray&s ma'imum age estimate is from one to eighteen
years of age. The bluespotted stingray preys on many fish and small mollusks, but is also preyedon by the orca and hammer head shark.$% The bluespotted stingray is also generally found in
Indonesia to apan, and south to orthern *ustralia. The bluespotted stingray is also targeted by
many parasites such as tapeworms, flatworms, and flukes.
Merupakan spesies ikan pari dari +amily "asyatidae! #ean ini memiliki
arna seperti ber$ahaya hijau dengan bintik-bintik biru! Lebar sayapnya
sekitar %4 $m '(& in*! ikan pari ini bisa men$apai usia delapan
belas tahun! Ikan pari bluespotted
memangsa banyak ikan dan moluska ke$il! ikan pari bluespotted
ini umumnya ditemukan di Indonesia, Jepang, dan @tara ustralia!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stingrayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyatidaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyatidaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluespotted_ribbontail_rayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluespotted_ribbontail_rayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluespotted_stingray#cite_note-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluespotted_stingray#cite_note-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluespotted_stingray#cite_note-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stingrayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyatidaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluespotted_ribbontail_rayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluespotted_ribbontail_rayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluespotted_stingray#cite_note-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluespotted_stingray#cite_note-2
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The whitespotted whipray or sharpnose stingray (Himantura gerrardi ) is
a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae. It is found in coastal regions including estuaries, in
the Indo+acific, and has also been recorded in the -anges iver . It reaches a ma'imum length
of metres (/0 ft). *s presently defined, it is probably a species comple'.$%
/hitespotted hipray atau sharpnose ikan
pari '#imantura gerrardi* adalah spesiesikan
pari dalam keluarga "asyatidae! Itu ditemukan di daerah pesisir yang termasukMuar
a, di Indo-Pasifk, dan juga telah ter$atat di ungai =angga! Men$apai panjangmaksi
mal 4 meter '3H kaki*! eperti yang saat
ini didefnisikan, ini mungkin adalahspesies yang kompleks! 648
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myliobatiformeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyatidaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyatidaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuarieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuarieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Pacifichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Pacifichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Pacifichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganges_Riverhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_complexhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_complexhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitespotted_whipray#cite_note-fishbase-2https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myliobatiformeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyatidaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuarieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Pacifichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganges_Riverhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_complexhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitespotted_whipray#cite_note-fishbase-2
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The Jenkins' whipray (Himantura jenkinsii ) is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae,
with a wide distribution in the Indo+acific region from 1outh *frica to the 2alay *rchipelago to
northern *ustralia. This large species grows to !.3 m (4. ft) across and has a broad, diamond+
shaped pectoral fin disc and a whip+like tail without fin folds. It has a band of heart+
shaped dermal denticlesrunning from between the eyes to the tail on its upper surface, along
with a characteristic row of large spear+like thorns along the midline. It is uniform yellowish brown
above, becoming grayish on the tail past the stinging spine, and white below5 there is apparently
a spotted color variant that had previously been described as a different species, the dragonstingray (H. draco).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myliobatiformeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyatidaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyatidaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Pacifichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Archipelagohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectoral_finhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectoral_finhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermal_denticlehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermal_denticlehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_(biology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_(biology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myliobatiformeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyatidaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Pacifichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Archipelagohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectoral_finhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermal_denticlehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_(biology)
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Merupakan spesies ikan pari dalam +amily "asyatidae, dengan distribusi
yang luas di ilayah Indo-Pasifk dari +rika elatan ke
Nusantara sampai @tara ustralia! pesies ini tumbuh besar hingga
men$apai (,) m '%,< +t!*! /arna tubuhnya kuning ke$oklatan di bagian
atas, dan menjadi keabu-abuan pada ekor, dan putih di bagian baah!
The pale-edged stingray or sharpnose stingray (Dasyatis zugei ) is a species of stingray in
the family Dasyatidae, found in theIndian and acific 6ceans from India to the western 2alay
*rchipelago and southern apan. This bottom+dwelling ray is most commonly found over sandy
areas shallower than !77 m (887 ft), as well as in estuaries. 2easuring up to cm (!! in)
across, the pale+edged stingray has a diamond+shaped pectoral fin disc, a long pro9ecting snout,
small eyes, and a whip+like tail with both dorsal and ventral fin folds. It is chocolate brown above
and white below.
Bermata pu$at ikan pari atau sharpnose ikan
pari '"asyatis 2ugei* adalah spesies ikan
pari dalam keluarga "asyatidae, ditemukan di amudra #india dan Pasifk dari Indiak
e Barat Fepulauan Melayu dan elatan Jepang! Day tinggal di baah ini paling sering
ditemukan di daerah berpasir dangkal dari (99 m '779 +t*, dan juga di muara
sungai!Mengukur sampai 4< $m '(( in* di seluruh, ikan pari bermata
pu$at memiliki disk siripdada berbentuk
berlian, mon$ong panjang memproyeksikan, mata ke$il dan ekor$ambuk-seperti den
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myliobatiformeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyatidaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyatidaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Oceanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Oceanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Archipelagohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Archipelagohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Archipelagohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benthichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benthichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuarieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectoral_finhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myliobatiformeshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasyatidaehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Oceanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Oceanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Archipelagohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Archipelagohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benthichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estuarieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectoral_fin
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gan kedua dorsal dan sirip 0entral lipatan! Ini adalah $okelat di atas dan putih di
baah ini!
The honeycomb whipray (Himantura undulata) is a species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae,
found widely in the shallow coastal waters of the Indo+acific from India to the 2alay
*rchipelago. This large species grows to !.8 m (4.8 ft) across and has a diamond+shaped disc
with rounded corners and a pro9ecting, pointed snout. Its tail is long and whip+like, without finfolds. *dults have a striking dorsal color pattern consisting of large, dark brown rings and
reticulations delineated by thin yellow lines, while 9uveniles have a pattern of large dark spots.
This ray can also be distinguished from its similar relatives by an enlarged, pearl+like dermal
denticle at the center of the back, which is followed by a few thorns. The International :nion for
;onservation of ature (I:;) has assessed the honeycomb whipray as
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arna yang men$olok terdiri dari $in$in $okelat besar, gelap dan
reti$ulations digambarkan oleh garis kuning tipis, sementara anak-anak m
emiliki pola bintik-bintik gelap yang besar
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The bowmouth guitarfish (Rhina ancylostoma), also called the shark ray or mud skate, is
a species of ray and the sole member of the family Rhinidae. Its evolutionary affinities are not
fully resolved, though it may be related to true guitarfishes and skates. This rare species occurs
widely in the tropical coastal waters of the western Indo+acific, at depths of up to 7 m (877 ft).
=ighly distinctive in appearance, the bowmouth guitarfish has a wide and thick body with a
rounded snout and large shark+like dorsal and tail fins. Its mouth forms a >+shaped undulating
line, and there are multiple thorny ridges over its head and back. It has a dorsal color pattern of
many white spots over a bluish gray to brown background, with a pair of prominent black
markings over the pectoral fins. This large species can reach a length of ." m (?. ft) and weight
of !83 kg (? lb).
Bomouth guitarfsh 'Dhina an$ylostoma*, juga disebut hiu ray atau Lumpur skate,a
dalah pesies langka ini menyebar se$ara luas di perairan pantai tropisIndo-Pasifk Barat, pada kedalaman hingga
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