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Swinburne University of Technology Faculty of ICTHIT3713 Internetworking Routing S1 !1!
Swinburne University of Technology
Faculty of Infor"ation an# Co""unication Technologies
HIT3713 Internetwork RoutingSe"ester 1$ !1!
PART A
Note: There is only one correct answer for each question.
Q1. For the #iagra" below an# the configuration shown which one of the following state"ents
about what router % will a#vertise to router & is correct'
(a) % will a#vertise 1!(1((!)3 to &(
(b) % will a#vertise 1!(1(3(!)* to &(
(c) % will a#vertise 1!(1((!)* to &(
(d) % will a#vertise 1!(1(*(!)* to &(
Mars(!" #1)
Q2. +hat action #oes an ,I-R. Router take when it cannot fin# a feasible successor for anetwork'
(a) It transitions fro" active to /assive state for that network an# 0ueries its neighbors
(b) It transitions fro" /assive to active state for that network an# 0ueries its neighbors(
(c) It ea"ines the routing table for a net best /ath(
(d) It ea"ines the to/ology table for a net best /ath(
Mars(!" #1)
Router $ip route 10.1.4.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.10
!
interface serial 0
ip summary-address eigrp 10.1.2.0 255.255.254.0
!
router eigrp 100
redistribute static 1000 1 255 1 1500
network 10.2.2.2 0.0.0.1
network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255
eigrp stub connected 1%.1.&.%'&
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Q". The #iagra" below shows ,I-R. running over a "ulti/oint fra"e relay connection(
%asic connectivity is establishe# an# then the following co""an#s are given on the
res/ective routers2
HQ(config) interface serial 0/0
HQ(config-if)bandwidth 128 East(config)# interface serial 0/0
East(config-if)# bandwidth 64
est(config)# interface serial 0/0
est(config-if)# bandwidth 64
How "uch ban#wi#th on the Serial !)! interface on H is reserve# for ,I-R. traffic to ,ast over
this "ulti/oint fra"e relay connection'
(a) 3(
(b) 4*(
(c) 15(
(d) 6one of the above(Mars(!" #1)
Q4. &n a#"inistrator ty/es in the co""an# router osf 1 an# receives the error "essage2
“O" process 1 cannot start#
+hat shoul# be #one to correctly set u/ S.F'
(a) ,nsure that an interface has been configure# with an I. a##ress an# is u/(
(b) ,nsure that an interface has been configure# with an I. a##ress(
(c) ,nsure that I. classless is enable# on the router((d) ,nsure that the interfaces can /ing their #irectly connecte# neighbours(
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Swinburne University of Technology Faculty of ICTHIT3713 Internetworking Routing S1 !1!
Mars(!" #1)
Q5. In the #iagra" below$ S.F has been configure# on all routers in the network$ an# &rea 1
has been configure# as a 6SS&(
+hich state"ent concerning 6SS& &rea 1 is correct'
(a) 6o re#istribute# routes can a//ear in &rea 1$ only su""ary routes
(b) Re#istribute# RI. an# ,I-R. routes will a//ear in &rea 1( They will be a#vertise# via
ty/e 8 9S&s(
(c) nly re#istribute# RI. routes will a//ear in &rea 1( They will be a#vertise# via ty/e 7
9S&s(
(d) nly re#istribute# ,I-R. routes will a//ear in &rea 1( They will be a#vertise# via ty/e 7
9S&s(
Mars(!" #1)
Q*. In an IS:IS 9&6 environ"ent$ what ha//ens when the #esignate# IS router crashes'
(a) & new election /rocess occurs i""e#iately$ establishing a new ;IS until a router with a
higher /riority or 6,T? is'
(a) &n 6S&. a##ress with 6S,9 value of >!!?( It refers to the router itself an# consists of an
&rea I; an# a Syste" I;(
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Swinburne University of Technology Faculty of ICTHIT3713 Internetworking Routing S1 !1!
(b) &n 6S&. a##ress with an inter:#o"ain /art @I;.A an# #o"ain:s/ecific /art @;S.A(
(c) &n 5 to ! byte a##ress consisting of an &rea I; an# a Syste" I;(
(d) & H,B translation of the #otte# #eci"al I. a##ress notation an# /a##e# out with eros(
Mars(!" #1)
Q,. +hat #oes the use of the co""an#$ isis circuit-type$ allow the a#"inistrator to achieve in
the situation shown below'
(a) Faster convergence when interfacing with other routing /rotocols(
(b) Re#uce the area sie(
(c) Increase the s/ee# of the #ata transfer by selecting a har#ware out/ut(
(d) Increase the efficiency by saving "e"ory an# ban#wi#th(
Mars(!" #1)
Q-. +hat #oes the route:"a/ below #o for the network shown' &ssu"e that these are all of the
configuration state"ents relating to route:"a/s on router +est( Choose the "ost correct
alternative(
West(config)#access-list 1 permit 192.1!.1." ".".".255
West(config)#access-list 2 permit 12.1.1." ".".".255
West(config)#route-map $%&1 permit 1"
West(config-route-map)#matc' ip address 1
West(config-route-map)#set interface serial""
West(config-route-map)#eit
West(config)#route-map $%&2 permit 2"
West(config-route-map)#matc' ip address 2West(config-route-map)#set interface serial"1
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Swinburne University of Technology Faculty of ICTHIT3713 Internetworking Routing S1 !1!
West(config-route-map)#eit
(a) 6othing(
(b) ;irects traffic #estine# for the internet fro" network 1D(145(1(! out serial !)!(
(c) ;irects traffic #estine# for the internet fro" network 17(14(1(! out serial !)1(
(d) %oth @bA an# @cA above(
Mars(!" #1)
Q1%. +hat is the safest way to /erfor" route re#istribution'
(a) The safest way is to re#istribute routes in one #irection only(
(b) The safest way is to re#istribute routes on all of the boun#ary routers within a network(
(c) The safest way is to re#istribute routes in one #irection only an# on only one boun#ary
router within the network((d) The safest way is to re#istribute routes in both #irections an# on all of the boun#ary
routers within the network(
Mars(!" #1)
Q11. In /olicy:base# routing$ what #oes a /er"it state"ent of a route "a/ i"/ly'
(a) &llow the traffic if it "atches the criteria s/ecifie# by the "atch state"ent(
(b) ;ro/ all traffic if no "atch is foun# in the route "a/ state"ents(
(c) Route the traffic base# on the #efine# /olicy if it "atches the criteria s/ecifie# by the
"atch state"ent(
(d) Route the traffic through the gateway of last resort if no "atch is foun# in the route "a/
state"ents(
Mars(!" #1)
Q1&. +hich of the following /roble"s can route re#istribution cause'
(a) Routing loo/s(
(b) Subo/ti"al routing(
(c) ;ifference in routing infor"ation #ue to #iffering convergence ti"es of routing /rotocols(
(d) &ll the above(
Mars(!" #1)
Q1". +hat is %-. synchroniation'
(a) It is the synchroniation of e%-. routes with i%-. routes(
(b) It is the synchroniation of %-. attributes between %-. neighbours(
(c) It is the synchroniation of %-. routes between %-. neighbours(
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Swinburne University of Technology Faculty of ICTHIT3713 Internetworking Routing S1 !1!
(d) It is the synchroniation of I-. routing infor"ation with %-. routing infor"ation
Mars(!" #1)
Q1. Router 1 is connecte# to networks 17(14(1(!)4 an# 17(14(1(4*)7( n the basis of the
/artial out/ut given below$ which state"ent is correct' *1#s'o+ running-config ,
router eigrp1""
net+or 12.1."."
distribute-list prefi /0$% out
auto-summary
,
ip prefi-list /0$% se 1" permit 12.1.1."2
(a) Router R1 will a#vertise both routes(
(b) Router R1 will #eny the 17(14(1(!)4 route while /er"itting the 17(14(1(4*)7 route to
be a#vertise#(
(c) Router R1 will #eny the 17(14(1(4*)7 route while /er"itting the 17(14(1(!)4 route to
be a#vertise#(
(d) Router R1 shoul# be reconfigure# with an &C9 instea# of an i/ /refi:list co""an#(
Mars(!" #1)
Q1. +hen a %-. neighbour #oes not share a co""on subnet$ what is re0uire# to gain
connection
(a) Configure %-. "ulti:ho/ with e%-.(
(b) Configure %-. "ulti:ho/ with i%-.(
(c) Cannot establish /eering(
(d) It is not necessary to share a co""on subnet for %-. /eering(
Mars(!" #1)
Q1*. In %-. when a router is /eering)neighbouring its state "ay cycle between active an# i#le(
The neighbour "ay not know how to get back to this router( +hich one of the following is
not a reason for this cycling(
(a) The neighbour #oes have a route to the source I. a##ress of the %-. o/en /acket
generate# by this router
(b) The neighbour is /eering with the wrong a##ress
(c) The neighbour #oes not have a nei/hbour state"ent for this router
(d) The &S nu"bers are "isconfigure# (
Mars(!" #1)
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Q1+. Refer to the #iagra" an# the given configuration below( Routers RT& an# RT% are running
%-. but the session is in the active state( +hich one of the following alternatives gives the
co""an#@sA that "ust be a##e# to establish the %-. session'
'ostname *3
,
interface loopbac "
ip address 1".1".1".2 255.255.255.255
,interface serial ""
ip address 12.1.1".2 255.255.255.252
,
interface serial "1
ip address 12.1.1". 255.255.255.252
,
router bgp 52""
neig'bor 1".1".1".1 remote-as 5""
neig'bor 1".1".1".1 update-source loopbac "
neig'bor 1".1".1".1 ebgp-multi'op 1
(a) networ 1%.1%.1%.%
(b) no synchroni0ation
(c) i route 1%.1%.1%.1 &.&.&.& s%'%
i route 1%.1%.1%.1 &.&.&.& s%'1
(d) nei/hbor 1%.1%.1%.1 net#ho#self
Mars(!" #1)
Q1,. How "any I. "ulticast a##resses "a/ to a layer
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(d) &ll of the above(
Mars(!" #1)
Q&%. +hat techni0ues are use# to allow I.v* to work with I.v4'
(a) .&T:E.6
(b) Tunnelling
(c) High stack
(d) .arallel stack with a "ulti/lee# out/ut(
Mars(!" #1)
Q&1. -iven the I.v4 a##ress of 112!!!!2!&%C2%&%,2!!!!2!!!!2!!!12*!!!$ what is the"ost efficient way to write the a##ress'
(a) 112!2!&%C2%&%,2!2!2!!!12*!!!
(b) 112!2!&%C2%&%,2!2!212*!!!
(c) 112!2&%C2%&%,2212*!!!
(d) 1122&%C2%&%,2212*(
Mars(!" #1)
2nd of PART A
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Part $
$1.
(a)
State all of the tables that are use# in the ,I-R. routing /rocess( ,/lain how these tables areuse# to buil# the final table use# to #eter"ine the /ath selection of #ata /ackets( Show the correct
se0uence in which tables are built an# how they /rovi#e the infor"ation for the net table(
Mars ("!*3-)
The network shown illustrates router Cs ,I-R. tables( Routers & an# % have establishe# a neighbor
relationshi/ with router C( %oth routers & an# % have /aths to network 1!(1(1(!)*$ a"ong "any others
that are not shown( Router & has an ,I-R. "etric of 1!!! for 1!(1(1(!)*$ so router & a#vertises
1!(1(1(!)* to router C with a "etric of 1!!!( Router C installs the route to 1!(1(1(!)* via router & in its
,I-R. to/ology table with an a#vertise# #istance of 1!!!(
Router % has network 1!(1(1(!)* with a "etric of 18!! in its I. routing table$ so router % a#vertises
1!(1(1(!)* to router C with an a#vertise# #istance of 18!!( Router C /laces the route to 1!(1(1(!)*network via router % in the ,I-R. to/ology table with an a#vertise# #istance of 18!!(
Router C has two entries to reach 1!(1(1(!)* in its to/ology table( The ,I-R. "etric for router C to reach
both routers & an# % is 1!!!( This cost @1!!!A is a##e# to the res/ective a#vertise# #istance fro" each
router$ resulting in the feasible #istances fro" router C to reach network 1!(1(1(!)* shown in the figure(
Router C chooses the least:cost feasible #istance$ which is !!!$ via router &$ an# installs it in the I.
routing table as the best route to reach 1!(1(1(!)*( The ,I-R. "etric in the routing table is e0ual to the
feasible #istance fro" the ,I-R. to/ology table( Router & is the successor for
the route to 1!(1(1(!)*(
(b) -iven the following #iagra"2
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,I-R.
&S 1!!
Can une0ual loa# balancing be achieve# in the #iagra" above when sen#ing #ata fro" RT& to
RT;' ,/lain your answer in #etail$ ie if yes e/lain how an# if not e/lain why not(
Mars(1!3*)
&nswer
6
The reason is that the F; for the /ath &:; is !( &lso the R; or &; fro" C:; is ! ie not less than F;(
Hence there is no other /ath to ; which follows the rules in ;U&9( If it was less than ! woul# use the
variance co""an#(
,I-R. config on Router &2
A
C
B
D
10
30
10
20
192.168.16.0
192.168.17.0
192.168.18.0
192.168.19.0
192.168.20.0
10.1.1.2
10.2.2.2
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$&.
iA The following #is/lays the routing table of an S.F router in a stan#ar# area(
The first colu"n in#icates that the routes are S.F routes( The secon# colu"n #is/lays an I&$ ,
or nothing( +hat ty/e of S.F routes #o these in#icate'
Mars (")
• The in#icates that the route co"es fro" within the S.F area
• The I& in#icates a route that has co"e fro" another area
• The , in#icates that the route has originate# fro" a non:os/f area or is an eternal route
iiA The following #is/lays the sa"e routing table but the .SF area ty/e has been change#(
+hat ty/e of S.F area has been configure# to /ro#uce the above routing table' +hat has
ha//ene# to the , route'
Mars ()
• The area has been configure# as a stub(
• ,ternal routes are no longer visible in the routing table$ but are converte# to an intra:area efault
route( This is because a stub area #oes not acce/t ty/e 8 9S& an# these are converte#
•
•
• a ty/e 3 9S&(
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iiiA The following #is/lays the sa"e routing table$ with so"e further changes "a#e to the &%R
router
+hat has cause# the change in the routing table'Mars (&)
• The 17(31(11(! network has been su""arise# at the &%R(
ivA The following now shows the sa"e routing table with one further change to the &%R router(
,/lain what has cause# this final change to the routing table'
Mars (")
• The area is now configure# as totally stubby(
• &ll routes fro" beyon# the area are now only accessible fro" the inter:area #efault route(
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@vA For the #iagra" shown below i#entify the ty/e of su""ariation that nee#s to take /lace at router
& an# ;'
Mars (")
Su""ary #ress n)w "ask
&rea ! range n)w "ask
$". -iven the following out/ut$ answer the 0uestions by co"/leting the table below(
Mars(1!1!1!1!1!&!")31%!1(config)# ro"ter isis!1(config-ro"ter)# net 4$0001$1111$1111$1111$00 !1(config-ro"ter)# interface fastethernet 0/0 !1(config-if)# i% ro"ter isis!1(config-if)# isis %riorit& 100 !1(config-if)# interface loo%bac' 0 !1(config-if)# i% ro"ter isis
!2(config)# ro"ter isis!2(config-ro"ter)# net 4$0001$2222$2222$2222$00 !2(config-ro"ter)# interface fastethernet 0/0 !2(config-if)# isis %riorit& 10 !2(config-if)# i% ro"ter isis!2(config-if)# interface loo%bac' 0 !2(config-if)# i% ro"ter isis
!(config)# ro"ter isis!(config-ro"ter)# net 4$0001$$$$00 !(config-ro"ter)# interface fastethernet 0/0 !(config-if)# i% ro"ter isis!(config-if)# isis %riorit& 0
!(config-if)# interface loo%bac' 0 !(config-if)# i% ro"ter isis
&rea a##ress R1 Syste" I; R Syste" I; R3 Syste" I; 6S,9
0001 1111.1111.1111 2222.2222.2222 3333.3333.3333 00
+hich Router is ;IS +hy'
R1 %ecause it has a /riority of 1!!
C
,;%&
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Swinburne University of Technology Faculty of ICTHIT3713 Internetworking Routing S1 !1!
$. The network shown in the #iagra" below is connecte# an# configurations are /lace# on each of
the routers with the various routing /rotocols(
Re#istribution is configure# between S.F an# ,I-R. on R( It is necessary to filter R3s 9oo/backs 8
an# 3! networks fro" getting re#istribute# into ,I-R. on R( Configure
an access list that "atches these two network a##resses an# a route "a/ that #enies base# on a "atch for
that access list( Show your co""an#s below(
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Swinburne University of Technology Faculty of ICTHIT3713 Internetworking Routing S1 !1!
$. The network shown below is connecte# an# both i%-. an# e%-. are configure# to allow the
users in &S4*81 to have a backu/ /ath to the Internet Service .rovi#er @IS.A( 6ote that only the
loo/back networks have been a#vertie# through %-.(
The following out/ut is observe# on the IS. router(
IS.Gs'o+ ip bgp
%-. table version is 3$ local router I; is 1D(145(1!!(1
Status co#es2 s su//resse#$ # #a"/e#$ h history$ vali#$ best$ i :internal
rigin co#es2 i : I-.$ e : ,-.$ ' : inco"/lete 6etwork 6et Ho/
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(b) ,/lain the /ur/ose of the update-source co""an# in %-.(
Mars(")
The udate#source o/tion of the nei/hbor co""an# overri#es the #efault source I. a##ress use# for
%-. /ackets( It is necessary to tell the router which I. a##ress to use as the source a##ress for all %-.
/ackets if you want to use a loo/back interface instea# of the /hysical interface( @3
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Mars (")
• + subnet prefi! representing the networ, to which the interface is connected. The subnet prefi! is a fi!ed
6-bit length for all current definitions.
• + local identifier sometimes called a to,en which uni/uel# identifies the host on the local networ,. The
local identifier is alwa#s 6- bits and is d#namicall# created based on a#er 2 media and encapsulation. %n
the simple case of an $thernet medium the local identifier is usuall# deri)ed from the $%-8 +address.
(b) %roa#cast a##ressing in I.v* results in several /roble"s( +hat are these /roble"s' How #oes
I.v4 get aroun# this issue'
Mars (&!"3)
• %roa#casts generate a nu"ber of interru/ts in every co"/uter on the network$ which involves
every #evice to /rocess the /acket to see if it is for that #evice( @1 "arkA
• In the etre"e case broa#casts can trigger "alfunctions that co"/letely halt an entire network(
This is known as a broa#cast stor" @1 "arkA
• I.v4 has re/lace# broa#casts with "ulticast a##ressing(
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Swinburne University of Technology Faculty of ICTHIT3713 Internetworking Routing S1 !1!
(a) 9ist the two ty/es of trees(
5ource 6istribution Trees 7 si"/lest for" of "ulticast #istribution tree$ with the root at the source an#
branches for"ing a tree towar# the receivers( S.T @shortest /ath treeA is i#entifie# by the notation @S$-A
where S N I. a##ress of source an# - N "ulticast grou/ a##ress(
5hared 6istribution Trees 7 share a co""on root calle# a >ren#evous /oint? @R.A /lace# at a chosen
/oint in the network( The source traffic is sent to the R.$ which then forwar#s the traffic to reach all
receivers( 6otation is @$-A where N all sources an# - N "ulticast grou/ a##ress( @
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