History of the Web – PART 1 ;-)
Jan 17, 2016
History of the Web – PART 1 ;-)
History of the Web – PART 1 ;-)The World-Wide-Web has revolutionized the availability and access to information.
Billions of web pages may be reached through search engines, and this is only a fraction of what is hidden in searchable databases.
bit.ly/WebHistoryNotes
Memex: The first Hypertext system
Dreamed up by Vanevar Bush: “Memory Extension”“As we may think” [1945]Photo-electrico-mechanical desk
Storage for knowledge Computing device With user interface With powerful search
…but he did not call it “Hypertext”…
Term coined by Ted Nelson [1965]XanaduAmbitious!
Distributed network of documents Two-way hyperlinks Version management Annotation Elaborate copyright
management system Far more powerful
than the webbut it did not succeed!
Why did it fail?
Text + Link… How about the Click!
Mouse and GUIs invented by Doug Engelbart“On the augmentation of human intellect” [1968]NLS: oNLineSystem demoed in a “now-famous video”Your impressions of the video?
Before the Web
Citation Reference to other text Powerful! Examples
The Bible etc religious texts Encyclopedias Dictionaries
Hypertext Text + Links + Click! Ease of citation use, really
Hypermedia (text/image/video/audio/etc) + links + click!
World-wide-web
Tim Berners-Lee implements his childhood Enquire “2.0”It took off because…abc3 crucial components: ____, ____, ____A global documentation system at CERN [1990]As a way of justifying the purchase of a NeXT!
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The early days of the Web : # HTTP hits at CERN grows by 1000 (1991-1994)
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The early days of the Web: # servers grows from a 100’s to 1M (1991 – 1997)
Browsers
Erwise and Viola [1992] were demo systems for s/wLynx [??] text-based browserMosaic [1993] popularized the web“It is on Mosaic”… Confusion between
The browser? The web? The internet?
1994: A landmark year
Mark Anderseen split from NCSA to form “Mosaic Comm. Corp.; forced to rename “Netscape”
First WWW conference at CERN
Dertouzos (MIT) and Berners-Lee (CERN) set up the WWW Consortium (W3C) at MIT’s LCS
Read TBL Ch. 5-9
Listing of Directories and Search Engines
Yahoo! (www.yahoo.com) - (1994-) directory service and search engine.Infoseek – (1994-2001) search engine.Inktomi – (1995- ?) search engine infrastructure, acquired by Yahoo! 2003.AltaVista – (1995- ?) search engine, acquired by Overture in 2003.AlltheWeb – (1999-?) search engine, acquired by Overture in 2003 .Ask Jeeves (www.ask.com) - (1996-) Q&A and search engine, acquired by IAC/InterActiveCorp in 2005.Overture – (1997-) pay-per-click search engine, acquired by Yahoo! 2003.MSN Search (www.msn.com) – (2004-2009) MS Network’s search engine.Google (www.google.com) – (1998-) – Best known search engine.Cuil (www.cuil.com) -- (2008 - ?) – latest “biggest” search engine.bing (www.bing.com) (2009 - )MS’s better versionBaidu (2000 - ) Chinese-language search engineYandex (2012- ) Russian-language search Engine