History of the Smolenice Castle · History of the Smolenice Castle The first written documents about the existence of Smolenice date back to the 13th century, although its origin

History of the Smolenice CastleThe first written documents about the existence of Smolenice date back to the 13th century, although its origin is as ancient as the Neo-Feudalism. Several aristocratic families lived there as the landlords – for instance, in 1388 the King Sigmund issued a Deed of Donation to give Smolenice to the Chieftain Ctibor of Ctiborice. In 1438, Count George of Pezinok and St. Jur became the new landlord of it.

The importance of Smolenice increased considerably in the 15th century as a castle was built there and became the centre and the seat of the Smolenice estate. Early in the 16th century, Smolenice was gained by the Orszaghs family. In 1777, Jan Palffy takes the Smolenice estate as a pawn. The Palffys family did not live at the castle which decayed considerably during the life of Kristof III, the last of the Erdödys family – they lacked money for any maintenance. The decay was completed during the Napoleon Wars – the main castle building and the tower burnt down.

Reconstruction of the Smolenice Castle of today was started early in the 20th century by Jozef Palffy Jr., the landlord of Smolenice and Dobra Voda estates. First works of the fortification walls started in 1887. Bastions from the old castle were preserved including a height extension and a new roofing. The Count Palffy rebuilt the castle at his own expense according to the design by the architect Jozef Hubert. During World War I, the reconstruction was interrupted; provisional adaptation of some rooms was made and the archives of the Palffy family were located in them. The construction was not resumed before the end of World War II. In 1945 the castle became the property of the State; it was taken over by the Slovak National Council which decided to keep it as their summer-house. The castle was finished and furnished and handed over to the Slovak Academy of Sciences on 26th June 1953 to become a representative place for meetings of the scientists from the worldwide.

http://www.kcsmolenice.sav.sk/

BOOK OF ABSTRACTS

of

the 13th International Scientific Conference

Biotechnology and Quality of Raw Materials and Foodstuffs

Smolenice Castle, Slovak Republic, September 17‐19, 2018

Smolenice, 2018

Title: Book of Abstracts of the 13th International Scientific Conference Biotechnology and Quality of Raw Materials and Foodstuffs, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovak Republic

Editors:

Ing. Vladimíra Kňazovická, PhD. Ing. Katarína Zbyňovská, PhD. Mgr. Dominik Hollý prof. Ing. Adriana Kolesárová, PhD.

Reviewers:

doc. RNDr. Ján Salaj, DrSc., Slovak Academy of Sciences, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Nitra, Slovak Republic

prof. Ing. Norbert Lukáč, PhD., Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Nitra, Slovak Republic

doc. RNDr. Ing. Tomáš Tóth, PhD., Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Nitra, Slovak Republic

National Organizing Committee:

prof. Ing. Adriana Kolesárová, PhD. (Chair) Ing. Alica Bobková, PhD. RNDr. Alena Gajdošová, CSc. Ing. Zuzana Gálová Ing. Lukáš Hleba, PhD. Mgr. Dominik Hollý Ing. Vladimíra Kňazovická, PhD. Ing. Zuzana Kňažická, PhD. RNDr. Gabriela Libiaková, CSc. Ing. Tomáš Slanina, PhD. Ing. Jana Tkáčová, PhD. Ing. Marián Tokár, PhD. doc. RNDr. Ing. Tomáš Tóth, PhD. Ing. Martin Vívodík, PhD. Ing. Katarína Zbyňovská, PhD.

Approved by the Rector of Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra as a Book of Abstracts on 27th August 2018.

ISBN 978‐80‐552‐1874‐8

International Scientific Committee

prof. Ing. Ján Tomáš, CSc. Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Nitra, Slovak Republic

doc. RNDr. Ján Salaj, DrSc. Slovak Academy of Sciences, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Nitra, Slovak Republic

prof. Ángel Carbonell‐Barrachina Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain

prof. MVDr. Jozef Bíreš, DrSc. State Veterinary and Food Administration, Bratislava, Slovak Republic

Dr.h.c. prof. Ing. Jozef Bulla, DrSc. Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovak Republic

Eng. Monica Dragomirescu, PhD. Banat´s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Timisoara, Romania

Dr. Katherine Flynn The European Association for Food Safety, SAFE Consortium, Brussels, Belgium

prof. RNDr. Zdenka Gálová, CSc. Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovak Republic

Dr. habil. István Komlósi University of Debrecen, Hungary

prof. Ing. Stanislav Kráčmar, DrSc. College of Business and Hotel Management in Brno, Czech Republic

Dr.h.c. Academian, prof. Dr. Ivan Kreft Institute of Nutrition, Ljubljana, Slovenia

prof. dr. Giuseppe Maiorano University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy

prof. Ing. Štefan Mihina, PhD. Slovak Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nitra, Slovak Republic

Assistant Professor Dr. Nuttakan Nitayapat Kasetsart University in Bangkok, Thailand

prof. Volkmar Passoth Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden

Dr.h.c. prof. Ing. Peter Sutovsky, PhD. University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA

Prof. dr hab. inż. Tadeusz Trziszka Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland

prof. Youling L. Xiong, PhD. University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA

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PROGRAMME Monday, 17th September, 2018

7:00 7:15 Transport from Nitra (Dormitory of Anton Bernolák) to Smolenice (Smolenice Castle) by bus (travel time 1h)

8:00 16:00 Registration Smolenice Castle

10:00

10:45

OPENING CEREMONY

Ján Tomáš, Dean of Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovak Republic Ján Salaj, Director of the Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Nitra, Slovak Republic Klaudia Halászová, Rector of Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovak Republic Milan Lapšanský, Director General of the Section of Food Industry and Trade, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of the Slovak Republic, Bratislava, Slovak Republic

10:45 – 11:45 PLENARY LECTURES

Chairpersons: Ján Tomáš, Ján Salaj, Jozef Bulla

10:45 11:15 Michal Kunštek Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of the Slovak Republic, Bratislava, Slovak Republic

Slovak republic as a member of the administrative assistance and cooperation network and system

11:15 11:45 Hrönn O. Jörundsdóttir

The European Association for Food Safety, SAFE Consortium, Brussels, Belgium

Keeping food safety on the food innovation agenda

12:00 – 13:30 Lunch 13:30 – 17:00 Session: BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 13:30 – 14:30 PLENARY LECTURES (presentation 27 min + discussion 3 min) 14:30 – 15:00 LECTURES (presentation 12 min + discussion 3 min) 15:30 – 17:00 POSTERS (presentation 2 min + discussion 1 min)

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Chairpersons: Zdenka Gálová, Norbert Lukáč, Adhikar Achyuti

13:30 14:00 José Cuezva Center of Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa" the Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain

Reverse phase protein arrays: a platform for biomarker discovery

14:00 14:30 András Dinnyés Szt. Istvan University, Gödöllo, Hungary

Novel methods in food safety: Human induced pluripotent stem cell derived in vitro toxicology assays

14:30 14:45 Jaromír Vašíček National Agricultural and Food Centre & Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic

The efficiency of immunomagnetic sorting of rabbit bone marrow cells for the establishment of mesenchymal stem cell culture

14:45 15:00 Sushmita Nath School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom

Effect of ricinus communis on porcine uterine muscle’s contractility

15:00 – 15:30 Coffee break 15:30 – 17:00 ORAL POSTER SESSION

Chairpersons: Radoslav Židek, András Dinnyés, István Komlósi

Electronic posters “ePosters” will be presented during Oral Poster Session. This session will be moderated and 3 minutes will be allocated for each presentation. Presentation of poster is also a great opportunity to interact with other scientists in your field.

1. ASSOCIATIVE TO TRITICUM AESTIVUM L. BACTERIA AS A SOURCE OF STRAINS FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY OF THE RHIZOSHERE Suleiman Abdurashytov

2. MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF BUCKWHEAT USING GENE SPECIFIC MARKERS Želmíra Balážová, Zdenka Gálová, Martin Vivodík, Milan Chňapek, Radomíra Hornyák Gregáňová

3. THE PROMISING IMPACT OF POMEGRANATE BYPRODUCTS ON HUMAN OVARIAN CELLS IN VITRO Simona Baldovská, Katarína Michalcová, Michal Miškeje, Július Árvay, Marek Bandík, Adriana Kolesárová

4. IMPLICATION OF METALS AND METALLOIDS IN ANIMAL AND HUMAN HEALTH: REVIEW Jana Bilčíková, Veronika Fialková, Eva Kováčiková, Michal Miškeje, Oksana Ryabchenko, Tatiana Bojňanská, Norbert Lukáč, Zuzana Kňažická

5. CONSTRUCTION OF PLANT TRANSFORMATION VECTOR CONTAINING EXPRESSION CASSETTE OF ARABIDOPSIS GENE At1g54410 Eva Boszorádová, Mária Zimová, Zuzana Gregorová, Monika Bardáčová, Ildikó Matušíková, Jana Moravčíková

6. EFFECT OF RISK FACTORS OF ENVIRONMENT ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF ANIMAL BLOOD Marcela Capcarová, Anna Kalafová, Renáta Mamráková

7. THE IN VITRO EFFECT OF THE ORIGANUM VULGARE EXTRACT ON SEMEN Michal Ďuračka, Lucia Gavalovičová, Marek Slávik, Július Árvay, Eva Tvrdá

8. LUNASIN AND ITS VERSATILE HEALTH‐PROMOTING ACTIONS Hana Ďúranová, Veronika Fialková, Jana Bilčíková, Oksana Ryabchenko, Norbert Lukáč, Zuzana Kňažická

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9. THE EXPRESSION OF B-1,3-GLUCANASE FROM DROSERA BINATA IN THE E.COLI EXPRESSION SYSTEMMonika Frátriková, Miroslav Rajninec, Juraj Kleman, Martin Jopčík, Jana Libantová

10. CYTOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF RESVERATROL AGAINST HYDROGEN PEROXIDE-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESSIN TM3 LEYDIG CELLSHana Greifová, Tomáš Jambor, Katarína Zbyňovská, Norbert Lukáč

11. THE INFLUENCE OF MICROBIAL PREPARATION ON THE MIGRATION OF WATER SOLUBLE FORMS OF COPPERIN SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM AND GRAIN QUALITY OF WINTER WHEATLyudmila Chaikovska

12. OPTIMALISATION OF SOYBEAN LUNASIN PEPTIDE EXTRACTIONMilan Chňapek, Zdenka Gálová, Želmíra Balážová, Dana Miháliková

13. MODULATIVE EFFECTS OF 4-OCTYLPHENOL IN RELATION TO THE STEROIDOGENESIS IN MICE LEYDIG CELLSTomáš Jambor, Hana Greifová, Anton Kováčik, Zsolt Forgács, Norbert Lukáč

14. PRODUCTION OF INTERLEUKIN 1BETA AND INTERFERON GAMMA BY BOVINE MAMMARY GLANDLEUKOCYTES STIMULATED BY LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDEEliska Kabourkova, Matej Mika, Ales Pavlik, Petr Slama

15. PROTEOMICS INFORMED BY TRANSCRIPTOMICS APPROACH TO PARASITIC WEEDS OF THEOROBANCHACEAE FAMILYJuraj Kleman, Katarína Klubicová, Maksym Danchenko, Monika Frátriková, Miroslav Rajninec, LudovitSkultety, Radoslava Matusova

16. THE EFFECT OF GRAPE EXTRACT AND BIOSUBSTANCES ON HUMAN OVARIAN CELLS IN VITROAdriana Kolesárová, Simona Baldovská, Katarína Michalcová, Branislav Gálik, Jaromír Vašíček, Eduard Kolesár,Martin Marák, Ľuboslav Sanislo, Vladimír Křen

17. THE USE OF INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROMETRY (ICP-OES) FOR THEDETERMINATION OF SELECTED ELEMENTS IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF MATHERIALMichal Miškeje, Július Árvay, Jana Bilčíková, Zuzana Kňažická, Tomáš Slanina, Marián Tomka, Anton Kováčik

18. CHITINASE ACTIVITIES IN VEGETATIVE AND SPOROGENOUS TISSUE EXPOSED TO ANDROGENESIS-INDUCIBLE STRESS CONDITIONS IN WINTER RYE (SECALE CEREALE L.)Jana Moravčíková, Ewa Dubas, Kamil Zielinski, Zuzana Gregorová, Eva Boszorádová, Iwona Żur, Anna Nowicka,Monika Krzewska, Mária Zimová, Ildikó Matušíková

19. GROWING SPATHIPHYLLUM BUD CLUSTER CULTURES IN VITRO USING LIQUID MEDIUMIstván Dániel Mosonyi

20. EFFECT OF FEEDING ON GROWTH AND BLOOD BIOCHEMISTRY OF MALE FALLOW DEERAles Pavlik, Petr Slama, Daniel Bures, Radim Kotrba

21. ROUND-LEAF SUNDEW (DROSERA ROTUNDIFOLIA L.) CHITINASE EXPRESSION AND CHARACTERISATION INBACTERIAL EXPRESSION SYSTEMMiroslav Rajninec, Jana Libantová, Martin Jopčík, Monika Frátriková, Juraj Kleman

22. NON-WOOD FOREST RESOURCES OF FOREST BIOCHEMISTRY. MODERN TECHNOLOGIES, TARGET MARKETS,WORLD EXPERIENCEVictor Roshchin

23. FATTY ACID PROFILE OF RABBIT MEAT AFTER ZEOLITE ADMINISTRATIONTomáš Slanina, Ondřej Bučko, Filip Tirpák, Peter Herc, Francesco Vizzarri, Peter Massányi

24. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CULTURE MEDIUM ON CULTIVATION OF ADIPOSE TISSUE DERIVED STEM CELLS FROMTWO BIOLOGICAL SOURCESMária Tomková, Barbora Kulíková, Jaromír Vašíček, Andrej Baláži, Alexander Makarevič, Peter Chrenek

25. LEVISTICUM OFFICINALE AND ITS EFFECTS ON BOVINE SPERMATOZOA ACTIVITYEva Tvrdá, Anikó Varga, Marek Slávik, Július Árvay

26. PRODUCTION OF INTERLEUKINS AFTER AMYGDALIN TREATMENT IN HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL CELLSKatarína Zbyňovská, Marek Halenár, Hana Greifová, Tomáš Jambor, Adriana Kolesárová, Norbert Lukáč

27. RESTRICTION POLYMORPHISM OF MAL D 1 ALLERGEN PROMOTOR IN APPLE VARIETESJana Žiarovská, Jana Bilíková, Veronika Fialková, Lucia Zeleňáková, Lucia Zamiešková

28. MARKER PROFILING OF WHEAT WITH DIFFERENT DROUGHT TOLERANCE BY CDDPMatúš Kyseľ, Jana Žiarovská, Veronika Štefúnová, Katarína Ražná, Miroslav Švec

17:00 – 18:00 Meeting of Scientific Committee and Invited Guests

18:00 Dinner

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Tuesday, 18th September, 2018

08:00 Breakfast 09:00 – 10:30 Sessions: FOOD DESIGN AND INNOVATION;

PERSONALIZED NUTRITION AND HEALTH

09:00 – 09:30 PLENARY LECTURE (presentation 27 min + discussion 3 min) 09:30 – 10:30 LECTURES (presentation 12 min + discussion 3 min) 11:00 – 12:00 POSTERS (presentation 2 min + discussion 1 min)

10:30 – 11:00 Coffee break

11:00 – 12:00 ORAL POSTER SESSION

Chairpersons: Miroslava Kačániová, Hrönn O. Jörundsdóttir, Ángel Carbonell‐Barrachina

Posters from all sections will be presented during Oral Poster Session. This session will be moderated and 3 minutes will be allocated for each presentation. Presentation of poster is also a great opportunity to interact with other scientists in your field.

Chairpersons: Alena Vollmannová, Dana Tančinová, Ivan Kreft

09:00 09:30 Ángel Carbonell‐BarrachinaMiquel Hernandez University of Elche, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain

Role of sensory evaluation and marketing in the innovation of food industry

09:30 09:45 Adhikar Achyuti LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA

Novel approaches to mitigate food safety risks and utilize pecan shell bioactives as antimicrobial agents

09:45 10:00 Radoslav Židek Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovak Republic

Nutrigenomic risk assessment of vitamin intake composition in sporty gifted children based on gene chip data

10:00 10:15 Marvin Moncada LSU Food Incubator, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA

Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Food Incubator: a successful model for small business economic development

10:15 10:30 Mateja Germ University of Ljubljana, Slovenia

Selenium, an element with dual effect on organisms

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29. DETERMINATION OF ELEMENTS IN WILD EDIBLE MUSHROOMS: LEVELS AND RISK ASSESSMENTJúlius Árvay, Martin Hauptvogl, Marek Šnirc, Miriama Gažová, Lenka Demková, Lenka Bobuľská, MiroslavaHrstková, Daniel Bajčan, Ľuboš Harangozo, Jana Bilčíková, Michal Miškeje, Jana Štefániková, Vladimír Kunca

30. PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS AND ANTIRADICALDaniel Bajčan, Alena Vollmannová, Július Árvay, Marek Šnirc, Ján Mezey, Vladimír Šimanský, PavolTrebichalský, Radovan Stanovič, Mária Timoracká

31. THE ANALYSIS OF THE MEAT PRODUCTS COMPOSITION BY DNA MICROARRAYĽubomír Belej, Zuzana Drdolová, Jozef Golian

32. CONTENT OF ANTIOXIDANTS IN TEA (CAMELLIA SINENSIS (L.) KUNTZE) GROWN IN THE SUBTROPICS OFRUSSIAOksana Belous, Nataliia Platonova

33. QUALITY OF RAW-COOKED MEAT PRODUCT AFTER APPLICATION GRAPE SEED EXTRACTMarek Bobko, Miroslav Kročko, Peter Haščík, Andrea Mendelová, Alica Bobková, Juraj Čuboň, Jana Tkáčová,Ľuboš Hranagozo

34. A CHEMICAL METHOD COMBINED WITH HEAT TREATMENT FOR THE REDUCTION OF THE ANTINUTRITIVEMATERIALS OF SOYBEANJános Csapó, Dóra Kiss, Csilla Albert

35. PRODUCTION OF ANTIOXIDANT WITH NATURAL ORIGIN BY FEATHER HYDROLYSISJános Csapó, Dóra Kiss, Csilla Albert

36. THE EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHT ON THE GROWTH OF SPINACH SPROUTSGrzegorz Fiutak, Magdalena Michalczyk, Magda Filipczak-Fiutak, Krzysztof Surówka

37. DUAL QUALITY OF FOOD IN EUBalász Grman

38. HEAVY METALLS IN SELECTED SPICESĽuboš Harangozo, Marek Šnirc, Július Árvay, Daniel Bajčan, Judita Bystrická, Pavol Trebichalský, JánKovarovič, Ivona Jančo

39. THE TESTING OF POTENTIAL PLANT RESOURCES FOR PRODUCTION OF ISOTHIOCYANATES IN VITROMartin Jopčík, Miroslav Rajninec, Martin Šimkovič, Ján Salaj

40. MALDI-TOF MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROMA TRADITIONAL SLOVAK CHEESE: PARENICAMiroslava Kačániová, Simona Kunová, Margarita Terentjeva, Ľudmila Nagyová, Elena Horská, Peter Haščík

41. POLLEN CAN - TESTING OF BEE POLLEN FERMENTATION IN MODEL CONDITIONSVladimíra Kňazovická, Zuzana Mašková, Eva Vlková, Roman Švejstil, Hana Salmonová, Eva Ivanišová,Martina Gažarová, Iveta Gamráthová, Monika Repková, Marián Tokár, Viera Ducková, Miroslav Kročko,Margita Čanigová, Miroslava Kačániová

42. EVALUATION OF THE GLUTEN-FREE BAKERY PRODUCTS CONSUMPTION IN RELATION TO HYPERTENSIONAS RISK FACTOR FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASEAnna Kolesárová, Martina Gažarová, Jana Kopčeková, Jana Mrázová, Lucia Zeleňáková

43. PRODUCTION OF POLLEN CANS BY FERMENTATION OF BEE POLLEN IN MODEL CONDITIONS WITH REGARDTO FILAMENTOUS MICROMYCETES OCCURRENCEZuzana Mašková, Vladimíra Kňazovická, Dana Tančinová

44. INTEGRATED PRODUCTION OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLES AND CONSUMER AWARENESSIwona Mentel, Ewa Cieślik, Martyna Jarema

45. CONTROL OF QUALITY OF TRADITIONAL AND REGIONAL IN POLANDIwona Mentel, Ewa Cieślik, Klaudia Rączkowska

46. PACKAGING AS A VISUAL INDICATOR OF QUALITY, TRADITION AND CULTURE OF TRADITIONAL PRODUCTS

FROM SHEEP MILKĽudmila Nagyová, Ľudmila Nagyova, Jana Rybanská, Ingrida Košičiarová, Elena Horská, Miroslava Kačániová

47. CONTENT OF SELECTED RISK ELEMENTS IN WELL WATERRadovan Stanovič, Július Árvay, Daniel Bajčan, Tomáš Tóth, Ľuboš Harangozo

48. EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF LAMIACEAE PLANTS ON THE PENICILLIUM COMMUNEDana Tančinová, Juraj Medo, Zuzana Mašková, Denisa Foltinová, Július Árvay

49. THE CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM) AS A SOURCE OF MICROELEMENTS IN RATIONAL NUTRITIONIvana Tirdiľová, Alena Vollmannová

50. SENSORY EVALUATION OF FISHERY PRODUCT - COD IN MAYONNAISEJana Tkáčová, Adriana Pavelková, Alena Sajdová, Mária Angelovičová

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51. EFFECT OF GRAPE POMACE ADDITION ON FARINOGRAPHIC AND EXTENSOGRAPHIC PROPERTIES OF WHEATDOUGHMarián Tokár, Iva Burešová, Helena Frančáková, Attila Kantor, Štefan Dráb, Eva Ivanišová

52. THE EFFECT OF INCREASING DOSES OF FOLIAR APPLIED REGULATORS OF POLYAMINE BIOSYNTHESIS INMIXTURE WITH TRIAZINE HERBICIDE ON FORMATION OF SPRING BARLEY BIOMASSPavol Trebichalský, Daniel Bajčan, Ľuboš Harangozo, Tomáš Tóth, Radovan Stanovič

53. IDENTIFICATION OF COW MILK ALLERGEN IN THE PRODUCTS OF GRAPE PROCESSINGLucia Zeleňáková, Fikselová Martina, Žiarovská Jana, Kolesárová Anna, Jurčaga Lukáš

12:00 – 13:30 Lunch

13:30 – 15:00 Session: INOVATION TRENDS IN FOOD INDUSTRY (in Slovak language)

Chairpersons: Marián Tokár, Alica Bobková, Ľubomír Belej

13:30 13:45 Katarína Blicklingová Bioeconomy Cluster

13:45 14:00 Beáta Minarovičová MLYN TRENČAN, spol. s r.o.

14:00 14:15 Vladimír Komínek ARDANAS SLOVAKIA, s.r.o.

14:15 14:30 Ján Durec McCarter a.s.

14:30 14:45 Jaroslav Žiak Nestlé Slovensko s.r.o.

14:45 15:00 Discussion

13:30 – 15:00 A tour of the Smolenice Castle (for foreigners participants)

15:00 – 15:30 Coffee break

15:30 - 19:00 Free time

19:00 - 22:00 Gala DinnerWednesday, 19th September, 2018

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Wednesday, 19th September, 2018 08:00 Breakfast 09:30 – 11:00 THE YOUNG SCIENTIST AWARD SESSION

(posters presentations 7 min + discussion 3 min)

Chairpersons: Adriana Kolesárová, Jaromír Vašíček, Sushmita Nath

9:30 9:40 Katarzyna Kisielewska University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland

Effect of chemerin on LH and FSH secretion by porcine pituitary gland during the oestrous cycle

9:40 9:50 Damian Tański University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland

Influence of pituitary gonadotropins, prolactin and growth hormone on expession of AQP1 in the porcine ovarian follicular cells

9:50 10:00 Marlena Gudelska University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland

The influence of Orexin B on expression of ADIPOQ, AKR1C1, IL1B and CYP3A29 genes in the porcine endometrium on days 15 to 16 of pregnancy

10:00 10:10 Wiktoria Kozłowska University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland

The effect of electromagnetic field exposure on the synthesis and secretion of oestrone in porcine myometrium

10:10 10:20 Ewa Waszkiewicz University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland

The effect of electromagnetic field exposure on the synthesis and secretion of androstenedione in the myometrium in the presence of progesterone

10:20 10:30 Edyta Rytelewska University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland

Gene expression of chemerin and its receptors in the ovary of pigs during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy

10:30 10:40 Marko Halo, Jr. Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic

Zinc affects rabbit spermatozoa in vitro: effects on motility and viability

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10:40 10:50 Filip Tirpák Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic

Effect of taurine supplementation to conventional bovine insemination doses

10:50

11:15

AWARD OF YOUNG SCIENTISTS & CLOSING CEREMONY

Ján Tomáš, Dean of Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovak Republic Adriana Kolesárová, Vice‐dean for Science and Research, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovak Republic

11:15 – 12:15 Lunch

12:15 12:30 Transport from Smolenice (Smolenice Castle) to Nitra (Dormitory of Anton Bernolák) by bus (travel time 1h)

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Plenary lecture

Keeping food safety on the food innovation agenda

Monday, 17th September, 2018, 11:15

Lecturer: Hrönn O. Jörundsdóttir

The European Association for Food Safety, SAFE Consortium, Brussels, Belgium

Hrönn Ólína Jörundsdóttir graduated in Chemistry (B.Sc.) at University of Iceland in Reykjavík in 2001 and in Environmental Chemistry (M.Sc.) at University of Stockholm in Stockholm in 2002. She obtained PhD degree in Envirinmental Chemistry at University of Stockholm in 2009 with doctoral thesis titled Temporal and spatial trends of organohalogens in guillemot (Uria aalge) from North Western Europe. She has had expertise in Food safety, Chemical Risk Assessment, Exposure Assessment and Environmental Chemistry, expertise in applied bioanalytical chemistry, with emphasis on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in food and environmental samples, as well as Metabolism of POPs and effects on organisms, sources and distribution of POPs and further, expertise in inorganic trace analyses in biota. From 2009 to 2016, she worked in position Project Manager at company Matis, Icelandic Food and Biotech

R&D. Nowdays, she is Chief Infrastructure Officer (CIO) for the division of Infrastructure and Analytical service at Matís (from 2016 to present) as well as Coordinator of National Reference Laboratory (NRL) activities of Matís (from 2015 to present). Further, she works as Administrative Secretary for SAFE Consortium – European Consortium in Food Safety. She is Designated National Expert for heavy metals in the environment for AMAP (Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program). She was trained in exposure assessment and risk assessment with participation in EUs project “Better training for safer food” (BTSF) and in Risk Assessment, at BfRs Summer Academy. She is author and co‐author of many valuable publications in her field of expertise.

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Plenary lecture

Reverse phase protein arrays: a platform for biomarker discovery


Lecturer: José Cuezva

Center of Molecular Biology "Severo Ochoa" the Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

José Cuezva was born in Bilbao in 1952, graduated in Biology at Universidad del País Vasco in 1975, and completed his PhD in Biochemistry at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain) in 1978. Following a postdoctoral period at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, USA, he was appointed Associate Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO) from the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) in 1983. In 1998 he became Full Professor at the same Institution. For many years now, the research interests of his laboratory at the UAM have been the characterization of the mechanisms that control the expression and activity of the mitochondrial ATP synthase, both in development

and in cancer. The ATP synthase, which is the rotatory engine that drives the synthesis of ATP, is a main player in mitochondrial function that also forms part of the machinery involved in the execution of cell death. More recently, the lab is also interested in the signaling pathways by which IF1, a physiological inhibitor of the ATP synthase, participates in the regulation of energy metabolism, cellular homeostasis and in the biology of cancer cells. For these purposes, they have developed a large collection of conditional tissue‐specific transgenic mice that overexpress human IF1 or a constitutively active mutant version of the protein to carry out these studies in vivo.

‐ 15 ‐

Plenary lecture

Novel methods in food safety: Human induced pluripotent stem cell derived in vitro toxicology assays


Lecturer: András Dinnyés

Szt. István University, Gödöllő, Hungary

Prof. Dinnyés has been working on embryology, cloning and stem cell biology since 1985. Following his graduation in 1989 he worked as staff veterinarian at the Veterinary University of Budapest. He has been a Fulbright Scholar in the Smithsonian Institution, National Zoo, Washington D.C., visited Cornell University, Ithaca, NY and worked at the Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT (1997‐99) where he achieved major results in somatic cell nuclear replacement in cattle, rabbit and pig. He has worked in leading institutions in Belgium, Japan, New Zealand, China, UK. In 2000 Prof. Dinnyés joined the cloning team in Roslin Institute, BBSRC, Edinburgh, UK (the „Dolly team”) as team leader, under the guidance of Sir I. Wilmut

and had a key role in production of the first gene knock‐out lamb, and the first cloned piglet in Europe. After returning to Hungary he established the academic team which produced the first Hungarian cloned mice and rabbit for biomedical purposes, first in the Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Gödöllő, then as full professor from 2008 at Szent Istvan University, Gödöllő. Between 2008‐16 he worked as full professor (0.2 FTE) at the Veterinary Faculty of Utrecht University, The Netherlands. Since 2005 as founder and CEO, leading a team of over 20 researchers in BioTalentum Ltd his main research activities are focusing on biotechnology, including animal and human stem cell research, transgenic cellular and animal models, iPS cell generation and differentiation for biomedical, toxicology and pharma purposes. Currently he is focusing on development of new pluripotent stem cell lines from different species, including mouse, rabbit and human and their differentiation towards cardiac, neural, beta‐cells and other cell types, including 3D neural structures for disease modeling, drug development and in vitro toxicology. Another line of his current research is focused on epigenetic changes in early development (in animal models and human ART, obese or diabetic mothers) on adult diseases, co‐morbidities and longevity. He has coordinated numerous national and international projects among them 14 EU FP6/7/H2020 projects, mobilising more than 70 M EUR funding. He is actively involved in advancing the biotech industry, being founder of SMEs and board member of the Hungarian Biotechnology Association and the Hungarian Innovation Society. For his pioneering and entrepreneurial work on genetic reprogramming technology, he has received the highest innovation award (“Denis Gabor Award”) in Hungary in 2013.

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Plenary lecture

Role of sensory evaluation and marketing in the innovation of food industry

Tuesday, 18th September, 2018, 9:00

Lecturer: Ángel Carbonell‐Barrachina

Miquel Hernandez University of Elche, Spain

Ángel Carbonell‐Barrachina got his Ph.D. on Chemistry in 1995, and currently, is Full‐Professor of Food Sciences and Technology at the Miguel Hernandez University (UMH), where he leads the Group on Food Quality and Safety. Dr. Carbonell has worked worldwide (UK, USA, Poland, India, etc.) and has authored more than 250 research articles published in international journals within the areas of Food Sciences and Technology, Environmental Sciences and Agriculture. He has coordinated projects funded by the European Union, World Bank,

Spanish Government, US Department of Agriculture, and private food companies. At this time his main research topics are food quality and food safety; among his main interests are: use of sensory evaluation in the food industry, industrialization of pomegranate and minor crops, drying effects on fruits and vegetables, effects of manufacturing on the quality of foods, such as ice‐creams, confections, chocolate, etc., and occurrence of chemical pollutants in foods, especially arsenic. In the last year, he is working actively in the creation of a joint Sensory Analysis Center between his university (UMH) and Kansas State University (KSU), where he has spent the 2018 Summer. Links to scientific databases

ResearcherID: J‐6592‐2012, URL: http://www.researcherid.com/rid/J‐6592‐2012

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000‐0002‐7163‐2975

ResearchGate:https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Angel_Carbonell‐Barrachina

‐ 17 ‐

Abstracts Achyut Adhikari, Karuna Kharel, Veerachandra Yemmireddy, Cameron Cason, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Charles Graham

NOVEL APPROACHES TO MITIGATE FOOD SAFETY RISKS AND UTILIZE PECAN SHELL BIOACTIVES AS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS Simona Baldovská, Katarína Michalcová, Michal Miškeje, Július Árvay, Marek Bandík, Adriana Kolesárová

THE PROMISING IMPACT OF POMEGRANATE BYPRODUCTS ON HUMAN OVARIAN CELLS IN VITRO Ľubomír Belej, Zuzana Drdolová, Jozef Golian THE ANALYSIS OF THE MEAT PRODUCTS COMPOSITION BY DNA MICROARRAY Oksana Belous, Nataliya Platonova CONTENT OF ANTIOXIDANTS IN TEA (CAMELLIA SINENSIS (L.) KUNTZE) GROWN IN THE SUBTROPICS OF RUSSIA Eva Boszorádová, Mária Zimová, Zuzana Gregorová, Monika Bardáčová, Ildikó Matušíková, Jana Moravčíková CONSTRUCTION OF PLANT TRANSFORMATION VECTOR CONTAINING EXPRESSION CASSETTE OF ARABIDOPSIS GENE At1g54410 Marcela Capcarová, Anna Kalafová, Renáta Mamráková EFFECT OF RISK FACTORS OF ENVIRONMENT ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF ANIMAL BLOOD Ángel A. Carbonell‐Barrachina, Hanán Issa‐Issa ROLE OF SENSORY EVALUATION AND MARKETING IN THE INNOVATION OF FOOD INDUSTRY János Csapó, Dóra Kiss, Csilla Albert A CHEMICAL METHOD COMBINED WITH HEAT TREATMENT FOR THE REDUCTION OF THE ANTINUTRITIVE MATERIALS OF SOYBEAN János Csapó, Dóra Kiss, Csilla Albert PRODUCTION OF ANTIOXIDANT WITH NATURAL ORIGIN BY FEATHER HYDROLYSIS José M. Cuezva, Laura Torresano, Fulvio Santacatterina REVERSE PHASE PROTEIN ARRAYS: A PLATFORM FOR BIOMARKER DISCOVERY Andras Dinnyes, Julianna Kobolak, Qun Sun NOVEL METHODS IN FOOD SAFETY: HUMAN INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL DERIVED IN VITRO TOXICOLOGY ASSAYS

‐ 18 ‐

Monica Dragomirescu, Gabriela Preda MICROBIAL ENZYMES RELEASE FROM SILICA GELS Veronika Fialková, Jana Bilčíková, Eva Kováčiková, Hana Ďúranová, Oksana Ryabchenko, Norbert Lukáč, Zuzana Kňažická NCI‐H295R CELL LINE AS IN VITRO MODEL FOR STUDYING OF STEROIDOGENESIS Grzegorz Fiutak, Magdalena Michalczyk, Magda Filipczak‐Fiutak, Krzysztof Surówka THE EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHT ON THE GROWTH OF SPINACH SPROUTS Monika Frátriková, Miroslav Rajninec, Juraj Kleman, Martin Jopčík, Jana Libantová THE EXPRESSION OF Β‐1,3‐GLUCANASE FROM DROSERA BINATA IN THE E.COLI EXPRESSION SYSTEM

Mateja Germ, Nina Kacjan‐Maršić, Helena Šircelj, Ana Kroflič, Ana Jerše, Ivan Kreft, Aleksandra Golob, Vekoslava Stibilj SELENIUM, AN ELEMENT WITH DUAL EFFECT ON ORGANISMS Hana Greifová, Tomáš Jambor, Katarína Zbyňovská, Norbert Lukáč CYTOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF RESVERATROL AGAINST HYDROGEN PEROXIDE‐INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN TM3 LEYDIG CELLS Marlena Gudelska, Karol Szeszko, Kamil Dobrzyń, Marta Kieżun, Edyta Rytelewska, Katarzyna Kisielewska, Kinga Bors, Joanna Wyrębek, Tadeusz Kamiński, Nina Smolińska THE INFLUENCE OF OREXIN B ON EXPRESSION OF ADIPOQ, AKR1C1, IL1B AND CYP3A29 GENES IN THE PORCINE ENDOMETRIUM ON DAYS 15 to 16 OF PREGNANCY Tomáš Jambor, Hana Greifová, Anton Kováčik, Zsolt Forgács, Norbert Lukáč MODULATIVE EFFECTS OF 4‐OCTYLPHENOL IN RELATION TO THE STEROIDOGENESIS IN MICE LEYDIG CELLS Martin Jopčík, Miroslav Rajninec, Martin Šimkovič, Ján Salaj THE TESTING OF POTENTIAL PLANT RESOURCES FOR PRODUCTION OF ISOTHIOCYANATES IN VITRO Hronn O. Jorundsdottir, T. Hogg, G. Bono, T. Altintzoglou, F. A. Digilio, Adriana Kolesarova, Katherine Flynn KEEPING FOOD SAFETY ON THE FOOD INNOVATION AGENDA Miroslava Kačániová, Simona Kunová, Margarita Terentjeva, Ľudmila Nagyová, Elena Horská, Peter Haščík MALDI‐TOF MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM A TRADITIONAL SLOVAK CHEESE: PARENICA

‐ 19 ‐

Katarzyna Kisielewska, Edyta Rytelewska, Marlena Gudelska, Marta Kieżun, Karol Szeszko, Kamil Dobrzyń, Nina Smolińska, Barbara Kamińska, Joanna Wyrębek, Kinga Bors, Tadeusz Kamiński EFFECT OF CHEMERIN ON LH AND FSH SECRETION BY PORCINE PITUITARY GLAND DURING

THE OESTRUS CYCLE Juraj Kleman, Katarína Klubicová, Maksym Danchenko, Monika Frátriková, Miroslav Rajninec, Ludovit Skultety, Radoslava Matusova PROTEOMICS INFORMED BY TRANSCRIPTOMICS APPROACH TO PARASITIC WEEDS OF THE OROBANCHACEAE FAMILY Adriana Kolesárová, Simona Baldovská, Katarína Michalcová, Branislav Gálik, Jaromír Vašíček, Eduard Kolesár, Martin Marák, Ľuboslav Sanislo, Vladimír Křen THE EFFECT OF GRAPE EXTRACT AND BIOSUBSTANCES ON HUMAN OVARIAN CELLS IN VITRO Wiktoria Kozlowska, Ewa M. Waszkiewicz, Anna Koziorowska, Anita Franczak THE EFFECT OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD EXPOSURE ON THE SYNTHESIS AND SECRETION OF OESTRONE IN PORCINE MYOMETRIUM Michal Kunštek SLOVAK REPUBLIC AS A MEMBER OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANCE AND COOPERATION NETWORK & SYSTEM Iwona Mentel, Ewa Cieślik, Martyna Jarema INTEGRATED PRODUCTION OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLES AND CONSUMER AWARENESS Iwona Mentel, Ewa Cieślik, Klaudia Rączkowska, CONTROL OF QUALITY OF TRADITIONAL AND REGIONAL IN POLAND Marvin Moncada, Gaye Sandoz, John Russin LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY AGRICULTURAL CENTER FOOD INCUBATOR: A SUCCESSFUL MODEL FOR SMALL BUSINESS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Jana Moravčíková, Ewa Dubas, Kamil Zielinski, Zuzana Gregorová, Eva Boszorádová, Iwona Żur, Anna Nowicka, Monika Krzewska, Mária Zimová, Ildikó Matušíková

CHITINASE ACTIVITIES IN VEGETATIVE AND SPOROGENOUS TISSUE EXPOSED TO ANDROGENESIS‐INDUCIBLE STRESS CONDITIONS IN WINTER RYE (SECALE CEREALE L.) István Dániel Mosonyi GROWING SPATHIPHYLLUM BUD CLUSTER CULTURES IN VITRO USING LIQUID MEDIUM Janette Musilova, Judita Bystricka, Alena Vollmannova, Eduard Kopanyi SWEET POTATOES – A SOURCE OF POLYPHENOLS Ľudmila Nagyova, Jana Rybanská, Ingrida Košičiarová, Elena Horská, Miroslava Kačániová PACKAGING AS A VISUAL INDICATOR OF QUALITY, TRADITION AND CULTURE OF TRADITIONAL PRODUCTS FROM SHEEP MILK

‐ 20 ‐

Sushmita Nath, Shaymaa Al‐Majmaie, Lutfun Nahar, James Downing, Kenneth J. Ritchie, Satyajit D. Sarker EFFECT OF RICINUS COMMUNIS ON PORCINE UTERINE MUSCLE’S CONTRACTILITY Miroslav Rajninec, Jana Libantová, Martin Jopčík, Monika Frátriková, Juraj Kleman ROUND‐LEAF SUNDEW (DROSERA ROTUNDIFOLIA L.) CHITINASE EXPRESSION AND CHARACTERISATION IN BACTERIAL EXPRESSION SYSTEM Edyta Rytelewska, Katarzyna Kisielewska, Marlena Gudelska, Marta Kieżun, Kamil Dobrzyń, Karol Szeszko, Nina Smolińska, Barbara Kamińska, Kinga Bors, Joanna Wyrębek, Tadeusz Kamiński GENE EXPRESSION OF CHEMERIN AND ITS RECEPTORS IN THE OVARY OF PIGS DURING THE OESTROUS CYCLE AND EARLY PREGNANCY Tomáš Slanina, Ondřej Bučko, Filip Tirpák, Peter Herc, Francesco Vizzarri, Peter Massányi FATTY ACID PROFILE OF RABBIT MEAT AFTER ZEOLITE ADMINISTRATION Radovan Stanovič, Július Árvay, Daniel Bajčan, Tomáš Tóth, Ľuboš Harangozo CONTENT OF SELECTED RISK ELEMENTS IN WELL WATER D. Tański, Ł. Jaśkiewicz INFLUENCE OF PITUITARY GONADOTROPINS, PROLACTIN AND GROWTH HORMONE ON EXPESSION OF AQP1 IN THE PORCINE OVARIAN FOLLICULAR CELLS Ivana Tirdiľová, Alena Vollmannová THE CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM) AS A SOURCE OF MICROELEMENTS IN RATIONAL NUTRITION Filip Tirpák, Eva Tvrdá, Tomáš Slanina, Marko Halo, Renáta Mamráková, Peter Massányi EFFECT OF TAURINE SUPPLEMENTATION TO CONVENTIONAL BOVINE INSEMINATION DOSES Marián Tokár, Iva Burešová, Helena Frančáková, Attila Kantor, Štefan Dráb, Eva Ivanišová EFFECT OF GRAPE POMACE ADDITION ON FARINOGRAPHIC AND EXTENSOGRAPHIC PROPERTIES OF WHEAT DOUGH Alena Vollmannová, Janette Musilová, Judita Bystrická, Ivana Tirdiľová GRASS PEA (LATHYRUS SATIVUS L.) AS AN ALTERNATIVE FOOD RAW MATERIAL Ewa M. Waszkiewicz, Wiktoria Kozlowska, Anna Koziorowska, Anita Franczak THE EFFECT OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD EXPOSURE ON THE SYNTHESIS AND SECRETION OF ANDROSTENEDIONE IN THE MYOMETRIUM IN THE PRESENCE OF PROGESTERONE Katarína Zbyňovská, Marek Halenár, Hana Greifová, Tomáš Jambor, Adriana Kolesárová, Norbert Lukáč PRODUCTION OF INTERLEUKINS AFTER AMYGDALIN TREATMENT IN HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS

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NOVEL APPROACHES TO MITIGATE FOOD SAFETY RISKS AND UTILIZE PECAN SHELL BIOACTIVES AS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS

Achyut Adhikari1, Karuna Kharel1, Veerachandra Yemmireddy1, Cameron Cason1,

Witoon Prinyawiwatkul1, Charles Graham2

1School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA; 2Pecan Research/Extension Station, LSU AgCenter, Shreveport, LA

Pecans (Carya illinornsis) are most popular tree nuts with great market value. Approximately 270 million pounds of pecans are produced annually in the United States1 and consumed in different forms. However, pecans are prone to pre and post-harvest contamination with various foodborne bacterial pathogens. A quantitative risk assessment study2 shows that the shelling process of pecans during post-harvest treatments and acquiring illness at home by consuming uncooked pecans are well correlated. While the shells of pecans are rich source of various phenolic compounds with potential antioxidant and antimicrobial properties but they are mostly underutilized. In this study we focused on two main objectives: (i). To develop a post-harvest hot water treatment intervention to reduce the risk of contamination with various foodborne pathogens, and (ii). To determine the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of pecan shell bioactive compounds. In the first objective, In-shell pecans were subjected to hot water treatment at 70, 80, and 90⁰C for different times to achieve a 5-log reduction of multiple-strain cock-tails of Salmonella enterica, E. coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes, respectively. The physico-chemical properties such as % moisture, aW, color, and texture of hot water treated and roasted (at 160⁰C for 10 min) nuts were determined using standard procedures and compared with untreated controls. Furthermore, a 9-point hedonic scale with five attributes (color, aroma, texture, flavor, and overall liking) and a bionomial scale were used to determine the consumer acceptance and purchase intent of treated pecans. In the second objective, the shells of 20 different pecan cultivars were subjected to aqueous infusion (at 98˚C for 30 min) and ethanol extraction (at 160 rpm for 1 h) processes, respectively. The powdered extracts were analyzed for total phenolics and antioxidant activity using Folin-Ciocalteu and DPPH free radical assays, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were tested against multiple strains of E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes, respectively. The data were analyzed by ANOVA using SAS. The results indicate that the Salmonella spp are most resistant among the tested organisms and require a minimum of 8.6, 6.6 and 4.6 min treatment times to achieve a 5-log reduction at 70, 80 and 90°C, respectively. Hot water treatment alone had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the physic-chemical properties. Pecans hot water treated at 70°C for 8.6 min followed by roasting were most liked by the consumers. Pecan variety found to have significant (p<0.05) effect on the total phenolics content, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial property of shell extractions. The methods of extraction not showed a significant effect on the total phenolic contents. The MIC and MBC values against various pathogens were ranged from 1.25 to ≥5 mg/ml. The antimicrobial activity of pecan shell extracts are found to be dependent on the type of organism and the type of strain. In general Listeria were found to be least resistant (MIC and MBC ranged from 1.25-5 mg/mL) followed by Salmonella spp., (2.5-≥5 mg/mL) and E.coli O157: H7 (≥5 mg/mL), respectively. Catfish fillets treated with pecan shell extracts at 5 mg/mL found to reduce the growth of Listeria monocytogens for at least 3 days when compared to growth rate on control samples. The findings of this study indicate that the hot water conditioning of in-shell pecans is a promising approach to help ensure microbiological safety and eating quality. Pecan shell extracts obtained from different varieties using different extraction protocols show promise for use as a natural antimicrobial agent. Keywords: Pecans, Hot water treatment, Kill-step, Antimicrobial activity, Bioactives Acknowledgements: Funding for this study was provided by USDA Specialty Crop Grant CFMS# 2000177976 and Hatch Project. References: 1. USDA. (2017) Pecan Crop Production Report. National Agricultural Statistics Service. 2. Farakos SMS, Pouillot R, Johnson R, Spungen J, Son I, Anderson N, Davidson GR and Doren JMV, A Quantitative Assessment of the Risk of Human Salmonellosis Arising from the Consumption of Pecans in the United States. Journal of food protection 80:1574-1591 (2017).

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THE PROMISING IMPACT OF POMEGRANATE BYPRODUCTS ON HUMAN OVARIAN CELLS IN VITRO

Simona Baldovská1, Katarína Michalcová1, Michal Miškeje2, Július Árvay3, Marek

Bandík1, Adriana Kolesárová1

1Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. Andreja Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; 2 AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. Andreja Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; 3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. Andreja Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; Corresponding author: [email protected] Pomegranate fruits are biologically unique and potent source of many of the body’s physiological factors having significant effects on human health. The health beneficial potential of pomegranate has been mainly attributed to the presence of anthocyanins, ellagitannins and punicalagins, as the major compounds. Pomegranates contain phytoestrogens, which are structurally similar to steroid hormone 17β-estradiol. Furthermore, several studies have focused on bioactivity of pomegranate peel, which is the byproduct of pomegranate juice and pomegranate wine industry and constitutes approximately 40 % of the whole fruit. Pomegranate peel extracts were reported to possess remarkable antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Pomegranate peel could represent a good source for substitutes of nutraceuticals, chemopreventive agents and could be of interest for study ovarian functions and regulation of steroidogenesis. In this in vitro study, we determined the effect of the ethanolic peel extract of pomegranate at different concentrations (0; 12,5; 25; 50; 100; 200 µg/ml; for 24 h) in various human ovarian cells: human ovarian granulosa cell line (HGL-5) and human ovarian carcinoma cell line (OVCAR-3). The aim was to determine the impact of the pomegranate peel extract on the cell viability and secretion of steroid hormones (17ß-estradiol and progesterone) by the cells. The metabolic activity was evaluated by alamarBlueTM cell viability assay, the release of hormones was assayed by ELISA methods. The number of vital HGL-5 cells was significantly increased (P≤0.05; P≤0.01) at the concentrations 50; 100 and 200 µg/ml compared to control cells. In addition, the all used concentrations of the extract led to significant (P≤0.001) inhibition of growth of OVCAR-3 cells. Our results indicated a significant (P≤0.001; P≤0.01) increase of the 17ß-estradiol secretion at the concentrations 50; 100 and 200 µg/ml of the extract. Moreover, the level of progesterone was significantly (P≤0.05; P≤0.01) decreased in comparison to control. In conclusion, the study shows dose-dependent effect of pomegranate peel extract on human ovarian cells in vitro. The potential role of natural products and their major phytocomponents in prevention of cancer and regulation of ovarian functions was suggested. Keywords: pomegranate, ovarian cells, steroid hormones, viability Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic projects VEGA 1/0039/16, KEGA 011SPU-4/2016, APVV-15-0543 and EU project no. 26220220180: Building Research Centre „AgroBioTech".

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THE ANALYSIS OF THE MEAT PRODUCTS COMPOSITION BY DNA MICROARRAY

Ľubomír Belej*, Zuzana Drdolová, Jozef Golian Department of Hygiene and Food Safety, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. Andreja Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovak Republic *Corresponding author: [email protected] The importance of meat analysis is associated with an increase in interest in the authenticity of meat and meat products, as they belong to the category of the most frequently falsified commodities, which is a current and serious problem around the world. In this context, various analytical methods have been developed to ensure the correct identification of the declared ingredients in food products in order to reduce the risk to consumer´s health. Since DNA has the advantage of being a relatively stable molecule capable to resist the heat and pressure during processing, DNA-based methods are becoming progressively more popular and utilized. For analysis we used the DNA chip, LCD Array Kit "MEAT 5.0", which has simultaneous detection of 32 different meat species, from the most common ones, such as pork, beef, chicken and similar, to the exotic species and non-traditional animals as kangaroo, camel, dog, cat and likewise. The chip detection limit is less than 0.1 %. Based of the results obtained in the meat species that we have evaluated, we verified that the detection limit is indeed low and the chip can detect the presence of really small amount of another type of meat, as the sample that is being analyzed. At the same time, we found a cross reactivity in the analysis of raw red deer meat with reindeer. This cross reactivity was lost when we analyzed heat-treated meat. Also, in the case of wild boar analysis, the chip detected the DNA as the DNA of pork, which makes its use doubtful for the determination of pork meat. Keywords: DNA, meat, detection, microarray Acknowledgements: This work was supported by grant VEGA No. 1/0276/18 and APVV-17-0508.

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CONTENT OF ANTIOXIDANTS IN TEA (CAMELLIA SINENSIS (L.) KUNTZE) GROWN IN THE SUBTROPICS OF RUSSIA

Oksana Belous*, Nataliya Platonova

Russian Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops, Yana Fabriciusa st., 2-28, Sochi, Russia; *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Many plants contain substances with antioxidant activity. These substances include antioxidant enzymes (for example, peroxidase, catalase, SOD, etc.) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbic acid, carotenoids, flavonoids, etc.). It is believed that antioxidants, changing in metabolic reactions the dynamics of many enzymes and possessing antibacterial action, are indispensable components of the products for humans. This quality is from tea plants. Tea, as a product included in the daily diet of a person, is the richest in antioxidants. One of the strong tea antioxidants is ascorbic acid (AA), it plays an important role in the regulation of redox processes. AA is closely related to plant phenol from the group of flavonols - vitamin P (rutin). Rutin increases the activity of ascorbic acid, protecting it from oxidation. Objects of study were samples of black and green tea made from 2-3 leaf flushes of ‘Kolchida’ and ‘Sochi’ cultivars, radiated mutant № 3823 and № 582, chemical mutant № 855, colchicum mutant № 2264, grown for an experienced collection area, founded in 1984 – 1985 at the village of Uch-Dere (Sochi, Lazarevsky region). We show dynamics of accumulation of vitamins C and P in black and green tea during months. Accumulation of vitamin P (1.5 – 1.7 times) and AA (2.7 – 3.2 times) from May to August were increased, and in green tea the rutin content in 3 – 4 times, and AA almost in 4 – 5 times higher than in black. In the accumulation of vitamins C and P of varietal characteristics are occured. For green tea, the highest number of AA was observed in samples produced from flushes of cultivar ‘Sochi’ and radiated mutant № 3823 (48.03 and 44.94 mg%, respectively), and the lowest in colchicum mutant № 2264 (29.60 mg %). In black tea, AA contains radiated mutant № 3828, chemical mutant № 855 and cultivar ‘Sochi’ (9.53; 9.28 and 9.47 mg%, respectively). Other distribution is revealed in contents of vitamin P, in the samples containing more quantity of AA it is noted less rutin, than in tea with the low contents of AA. The activity of peroxidase in tea plants of different varieties and forms varies depending on the vegetation period, it is associated with the hydrothermal regime and the activity of the plant life processes. The maximum activity of peroxidase was noted in July, with the increase of stress effects, there is an inhibition of enzymatic activity. Tea plants of different varieties and forms are characterized by an individual level of activity of guaiacol-peroxidase. Keywords: tea (Camellia sinensis), varieties, mutant forms, antioxigen, ascorbic acid, rutin, guaiacol-peroxidase, dynamic

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CONSTRUCTION OF PLANT TRANSFORMATION VECTOR CONTAINING EXPRESSION CASSETTE OF ARABIDOPSIS GENE At1g54410

Eva Boszorádová1*, Mária Zimová2, Zuzana Gregorová3, Monika Bardáčová3,

Ildikó Matušíková3, Jana Moravčíková1

1Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademická 2, P.O.Box 39A, SK-950 07 Nitra, Slovak Republic, [email protected], [email protected]; 2Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, The Constantine Philosopher University, Nábrežie mládeže 91, SK-949 74 Nitra, Slovak Republic, [email protected]; 3Department of Ecochemistry and Radioecology, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, J. Herdu 2, SK-917 01 Trnava, Slovak Republic, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Dehydrins, one of the Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) proteins, are specialized proteins related to environmental stress tolerance in plants. They are multifunctional proteins that can bind free metal ions, interact with macromolecules and specific membrane regions or participate in reduction of reactive oxygen species. Here, we report preparation of a plant transformation vector containing Arabidopsis dehydrin gene At1g54410 under the control of the strong constitutive double dCAMV 35S promoter and the selectable marker neomycin phosphotransferase gene driven by the nopaline synthase promoter. The gene At1g54410 was isolated from Arabidopsis genomic DNA by PCR approach. The resulting binary vector pND3 was introduced into the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA 4404 and verified for its stability in agrobacterial cells. Keywords: Arabidopsis thaliana, At1g 54410, dehydrins, binary vector, Agrobacterium tumefaciens Acknowledgments: This work was funded by the Slovak Grant Agency VEGA project 2/0035/17, by the University Grant Agency UKF UGA VIII/26/2018 and by the Operational programme Research and Development for the project: ‘‘Implementation of the research of plant genetic resources and its maintaining in the sustainable management of Slovak republic’’ (ITMS: 26220220097), co-financed from the resources of the European Union Fund for Regional Development.

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EFFECT OF RISK FACTORS OF ENVIRONMENT ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF ANIMAL BLOOD

Marcela Capcarová*, Anna Kalafová, Renáta Mamráková

Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; *Corresponding author: [email protected] Environment plays an important role in affecting the internal milieu of animals and humans. The amount of trace elements or heavy metals in the environment in Slovak Republic is generally low, but these chemicals can interfere with physiological systems. The aim of this study was to determine the haematological parameters of porcine blood after nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) exposure in vitro. Samples of porcine blood were incubated separately with Ni and Pb in doses 10 µg.ml-1 in E1 group, 100 µg.ml-1 in E2, 1000 µg.ml-1 in E3 group for 4 hours at 37oC. The group without any addition served as the control. Pb caused significant decrease of white blood cells count and lymphocyte count in all experimental groups when compared to the control. Regarding red blood cells (RBC) Pb significantly decreased the number of RBC in porcine blood followed by increase of haemolysis and decrease of haemoglobin and haematocrit. The count of platelets was significantly decreased in all experimental groups against the control. Our results suggest that heavy metals can cause the changes and imbalance in the blood and blood elements. Keywords: blood, nickel, lead, haematological parameters Acknowledgements: This work was financially supported by KEGA grant 024SPU-4/2018 and VEGA grant 1/0760/15.

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ROLE OF SENSORY EVALUATION AND MARKETING IN THE INNOVATION OF FOOD INDUSTRY

Ángel A. Carbonell-Barrachina*, Hanán Issa-Issa

Department of Agro-Food Technology, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; *Corresponding author: [email protected]

State-of-the-art sensory methodologies will be briefly introduced (e.g. free-choice profiling, flash profile, napping, focus group, omission testing, etc.) and their role in ensuring consumer acceptability and market success of new concepts or products will be described. The final goal of all food companies is selling their products, first introducing them into new markets and, then, keeping the consumers’ trust and buying fidelity. Nowadays food companies integrate sensory science and methodology in both their “Research and Development” and “Marketing” departments because innovation is regarded as a major source of competitive advantage. Innovation in most cases is not only related to the quality (nutritional, organoleptic, and/or functional) of the product but mainly on knowing consumers’ needs and demands at a target market. Thus, affective tests using consumers oriented for marketing and product development play a major role in food industry. Today consumers care very much for their health and the sustainability of the environment. Thus, food companies are developing strategies to move into a more sustainable food chain. This change into sustainability is certainly attracting many consumers. In fact, a recent on-line study conducted in different countries, including USA and Spain, showed a clear interest of US and European consumers towards sustainable products. However, in many cases the consumer’s motivation to behave sustainably is quite frequent, but is not directly translated into sustainable food choices. Thus, it is our responsibility and goal to understand how consumers think, and making that their concern on sustainability is converted into consumption and food habits. Is it possible to reduce food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers? The lecture will try to answer that question through the example of water sustainability. There is no doubt that current food habits and farming practices are degrading terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, depleting water resources; thus, there is an unquestionable need to save water and use it in a more sustainable way. Our research team has developed a brand “hydroSOStainable products”, and has used the branding as a tool to differentiate fruits and vegetable grown using sustainable irrigation strategies. The advantages and disadvantages of this brand will be presented and discussed, and a case study showing how a company from the farming sector is using this concept/brand will be shown. Finally, the role of sensory evaluation in establishing a certification label will be also discussed, using as example the role of a trained sensory panel in the quality control, certification, and development of attractive marketing promotions of a Protected Designation of Origin Alicante wine. Keywords: certification label, food choices, organic food, water sustainability

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A CHEMICAL METHOD COMBINED WITH HEAT TREATMENT FOR THE REDUCTION OF THE ANTINUTRITIVE MATERIALS OF SOYBEAN

János Csapó1,2*, Dóra Kiss1, Csilla Albert2

1University of Debrecen, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Food Technology, HU-4032 Debrecen, Böszörményi st. 138.; 2Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Miercurea Ciuc, Department of Food Science, 530104 Miercurea Ciuc, Libertății sq. 1.;*Corresponding author: [email protected], [email protected] Soy products (soy, full fat soybean meal) are the most important protein-rich foods and feed ingredients in the world and also an important part of the Hungarian population protein requirement are satisfied by soy. However, the raw soybean contains antinutritive materials, such as soybean trypsin- and chymotrypsin inhibitors, and lectines. The inhibitors establish a stable binding with pancreatic enzymes which consequently are deactivated. The digestibility and nutritional value of the proteins decreases, for this reason the production declines, the specific feed utilization increase, so the raw soybean meal utilisation as animal feed is limited and is prohibited for human consumption. For reducing the trypsin inhibitor content and the urease enzyme activity of soy and to set up an optimum level (more or less successful), different heat treatment procedures have been developed. The commonly used heat treatment methods in practice are expensive, due to very high energy consumption and the quality of the final product leaves is desirable, so we combine chemical methods with heat treatment to reduce the trypsin inhibitor content and the urease activity of soy, hoping for a significant energy saving. Based on our preliminary research results (the destruction of the disulphide bridges by oxidation and reduction, the hydrolysis of the substrate proteins by ammonium hydroxide, or with the combination of these methods) it seems that by th chemical treatment significant energy saving could be achieved and as the result of the lower heat exposure, the biological value of the heat treated soy protein is higher. The pilot plant experiments were successfully effectuated and we are planning to carry out experiments at industrial scale for the process of parameters determination. Keywords: soybean, anti-nutritive compounds, trypsin inhibitors, urease activity, enzyme inhibition, heat treatment, chemical treatment Acknowledgements: The work/publication is supported by the EFOP-3.6.3-VEKOP-16-2017-00008 project. The project is co-financed by the European Union and the European Social Fund.

‐ 29 ‐

PRODUCTION OF ANTIOXIDANT WITH NATURAL ORIGIN BY FEATHER HYDROLYSIS

János Csapó*1,2, Dóra Kiss1, Csilla Albert2

1University of Debrecen, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Food Technology, HU-4032 Debrecen, Böszörményi st. 138.; 2Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Faculty of Miercurea Ciuc, Department of Food Science, 530104 Miercurea Ciuc, Libertății sq. 1.; *Corresponding author: [email protected], [email protected] In Hungary, annually 40-50.000 metric tons of wet feathers arise as a by-product of poultry slaughterhouses and the soothing placement or the utilization of this by-product is currently not solved yet. The highly perishable organic matter with a great protein content causes environmental problems and the destruction or valorisation of them is a basic economic task. The destruction is expensive, needs special incineration equipment without obtaining any useable product in return. Our presentation describes a method and procedure for the suitable processing of poultry slaughterhouse by-product feather and using the feather meal for antioxidant production and as additive for demand of sulphur-containing amino acid requirement of ruminant animals. With the application of the procedure, the feather produced by slaughterhouses can be transformed to produce feed supplement (natural antioxidant, source of organic sulphur), resulting hopefully in significant economic benefits of the by-product valorisation. Our main objective was to produce the following products: feather meal-based antioxidant which is suitable for the protection of oxidation-sensitive components of feed; cystine/cysteine feather-based concentrate which is, in particular, suitable for satisfying the need of sulphur amino acids of ruminants. We tested the processing level, the antioxidant effects and the role in rumen fermentation of the feather meal, obtained by the developed technology. We made a proposal to use the feather meal as antioxidant and due to the high cystine/cysteine content to use them to satisfy the sulphur amino acids requirement of ruminants. Keywords: Feather, feather meal, hydrolysis, cystine, cysteine, antioxidant effect, amino acid supplementation Acknowledgements: The work/publication is supported by the EFOP-3.6.3-VEKOP-16-2017-00008 project. The project is co-financed by the European Union and the European Social Fund.

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REVERSE PHASE PROTEIN ARRAYS: A PLATFORM FOR BIOMARKER DISCOVERY

José M. Cuezva*, Laura Torresano, Fulvio Santacatterina

Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; *Corresponding author: [email protected] and http://www.cbmso.es/jmcuezva

Mitochondria play key roles in metabolism, the execution of cell death and intracellular signaling. Consistent with the prime physiological roles of mitochondria its dysfunction is involved in the genesis and progression of ageing and a plethora of human pathologies including cancer and neurodegeneration. Our laboratory is involved in the study of the molecular basis of mitochondrial pathophysiology. Within this frame, we have implemented the technique “Reverse Phase Protein Microarrays” (RPPA) because it is a high-throughput immunoassay technique that allows the quantification of protein expression in minute amounts of different biological specimens (Mueller et al., 2010;Santacatterina et al., 2017). The final purposes of RPPA are (i) to define a proteomic signature of the sample that could help define the patients’ phenotype and (ii) identify potential biomarkers for therapeutic purposes. Not surprisingly, RPPAs has been approved as a technique in clinical trials. In this presentation I will briefly summarize RPPA and its translation to the field of Rare Diseases, where there is a need to identify new biomarkers that could improve the understanding of pathomechanisms, diagnosis and eventual treatment of patients affected by mitochondrial disorders (MDs). Specifically, I will describe our RPPA approach to characterize the signature of metabolism and of the antioxidant response in muscle biopsies of two independent cohorts of clinically and genetically diagnosed patients with Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia due to single large-scale (PEO-sD) or multiple (PEO-mD) deletions of mtDNA and Mitochondrial Encephalopathy Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-like episode (MELAS) syndrome, and healthy donors. The results indicate that both cohorts of MDs have the same protein signature of metabolism, consisting in an enhanced expression of the same markers of glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation and OXPHOS. Moreover, both groups of MDs, despite showing a high induction of a large set of proteins of the antioxidant response, revealed a profound down-regulation of catalase and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase expression further displaying evidence of extensive oxidative damage to cellular proteins. Overall, the results indicate that different genetic defects on nDNA and/or mtDNA affecting mitochondrial functions are equally expressed in the protein signature of metabolism and suggest that pathology might stem from a same type of insult that involves the oxidative stress originated by mitochondrial dysfunction. Acknowledgements: Supported by MINECO SAF2016-75916-R. References: Mueller, C. et al., (2010). Reverse phase protein microarrays advance to use in clinical trials. Mol Oncol 4, 461-481. Santacatterina, F. et al., (2017). Pyruvate kinase M2 and the mitochondrial ATPase Inhibitory Factor 1 provide novel biomarkers of dermatomyositis: a metabolic link to oncogenesis. J Transl Med 15, 29.

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NOVEL METHODS IN FOOD SAFETY: HUMAN INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL DERIVED IN VITRO TOXICOLOGY ASSAYS

Andras Dinnyes1,2, Julianna Kobolak1, Qun Sun3

1Biotalentum Ltd, Godollo, Hungary, [email protected]; 2Szent Istvan University, Molecular Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, Godollo, Hungary; 3 College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, [email protected] The development of in vitro platforms for toxicology screenings is driven by the needs of the chemical, food and cosmetic industries and pharma drug development approaches. Most toxicity studies are carried out in rodents or zebrafish, resulting in relatively high cost and lower translational value of the results due to the species differences. Major international initiatives have started to convert the traditional animal-based toxicity tests to in vitro assays using human cells to detect and predict hazards of chemical nature, including food safety relevant toxins, residues, heavy metals, additives. However, there is only a limited number of human neuronal cell lines and primary human tissue suitable for toxicity studies and in some organs, for example in the central nervous systems the highly complex structure of the human brain makes in vitro modelling difficult. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) could fill this niche and offer the advantage that many diverse cells and tissue types (e.g. kidney, liver, cardiac, neuronal, intestinal) sharing the same individual genetic background can be created using specific differentiation protocols, in a replicable manner. The directed differentiation of hiPSCs to model organs-in-dish (e.g. brain, liver, kidney) has become one of the most important research fields in toxicology. Three-dimensional cell cultures have shown more physiological relevance compared to traditional two-dimensional systems. In our studies for example differentiation of hiPSCs into 3D free-floating neurospheres provides advantages to study relevant neurological pathways and could be a promising tool for developmental neuro-toxicology including bacterial toxin and mycotoxin effects during pregnancy. The specific genes involved in stress response pathways (e.g. DNA damage, oxidative stress, inflammation) are good candidates as toxicology biomarkers. Those that are activated by known mechanisms (e.g. Nrf2 for oxidative stress or p53 for DNA damage) are particularly relevant. Generation of toxicity reporter human cell lines, by genetically labelling these biomarkers in hiPSC lines, can provide a faithful system to assess the endogenous response of cells to a toxic compound. Further implementation of the in vitro data to existing in vivo results, and its combination with in silico predictions, will allow the refinement of organ-specific toxicology models, leading towards sophisticated „human-body-on-a-chip” systems, fully capable to replace animal models, in accordance with the 3Rs principles of the European Union. Keywords: toxicology, in vitro assays, mycotoxins, human induced pluripotent stem cells Acknowledgments: This project was supported by a Chinese Hungarian Bilateral Project (TÉT_15-1-2016-0146; Chinese No. 7-10).

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MICROBIAL ENZYMES RELEASE FROM SILICA GELS

Monica Dragomirescu1, Gabriela Preda2 1Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine „King Michael I of Romania” from Timișoara, 119 Cale Aradului, Romania, [email protected]; 2West University of Timișoara, Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, Geography, 16A Pestalozzi St., Timișoara, Romania, [email protected] Controlled release systems of biological active compounds from porous structures are very important for biotechnological applications and better results based on new biomaterials still need further intensively research. The silica gels initially developed for engineering applications today are used as porous matrices for entrapment and controlled release of biological active compounds for biomedical domain. The enzymes controlled release systems have some advantages like longer duration of enzyme activity, enhanced catalytic activity, improved stability of enzymes by entrapment of protein molecule in a polymer matrix. In our work a simple and green method was used to fabricate an enzyme controlled release system. Silica gels were used as host for a microbial amylase. The gels were synthetized by using the sol-gel method and TMOS as precursor. Different additives were used (PVP, Trehalose) to adjust the porous structures and the release performance. Our results suggested that the silica gels released the enzymes molecules in an effective way and the enzyme activity was well retained during the synthesis of the gels and releasing process. The porous matrices showed a real protection of enzyme molecules toward the changes of environment conditions. Thus the released system has potential application as exogenous enzyme carrier for improving the animal digestion. Keywords: controlled release systems, sol-gel, amylase

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NCI-H295R CELL LINE AS IN VITRO MODEL FOR STUDYING OF STEROIDOGENESIS

Veronika Fialková1, Jana Bilčíková1, Eva Kováčiková1, Hana Ďúranová1,

Oksana Ryabchenko1, Norbert Lukáč2, Zuzana Kňažická3

1AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. Andreja Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; 2Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. Andreja Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; 3Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. Andreja Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic In molecular toxicology cell lines represent easily available and often used in vitro model systems for studying of various physiological and molecular biological processes, especially for steroidogenesis. Sexual steroid hormones play a key role to control metabolic regulation and homeostasis, development of sexual features and they are also involved in numerous other processes that are related to development and growth. Steroid hormones are naturally synthetized in gonads and in adrenal glands from precursor cholesterol. Chemicals that can disrupt the steroidogenesis may be directly linked to adverse outcomes for these processes. The adrenocortical cell lines are an ideal biological object to study the effects of different environmental chemicals and physiological factors on steroidogenesis in vitro. Identifying of potentially damaging endocrine disruptors and understanding the mechanisms of their effects is the main priority of screening tests and the safety of various chemicals. The human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line (NCI-H295R) has been widely used as an effective in vitro Steroidogenesis Screening Assay to assess the impact of endocrine active chemicals capable of altering steroid biosynthesis. This cell line was derived from H295R cells, which were established from a primary hormonally active adrenocortical carcinoma. It has been showed that NCI-H295R have the ability to produce most of the steroid hormones of the three phenotypically distinct zones found in the adult adrenal cortex and gonads. Therefore, it not only represents a unique in vitro model system providing the possibility to measure changes in gene expression, but also to determine alterations in steroid hormone production. The NCI-H295R Steroidogenesis Assays has been included in the Tier1 Screening Battery of United States Environmental Protection Agency Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP). The test guideline of the H295R Steroidogenesis Assay was validated in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). In addition, NCI-H295R can be used as important tool for measuring of anticancer drug effects and also as effective modelling tool for bioinformatic and bioeconomic studies. Despite of many studies dealing with effects of endocrine disruptors on steroidogenesis pathways in NCI-H295R, there are missing information about their precise toxicity mechanisms. In this short review we briefly describe the importance of NCI-H295R as in vitro cellular model system for studying and identification of chemicals affecting steroid biosynthesis. Keywords: NCI-H295R cell line, steroidogenesis, endocrine disruptor Acknowledgements: This research was supported by European Community under project No. 26220220180: Building Research Centre “AgroBioTech” and by the Scientific Agency of the Slovak Republic VEGA No. 1/0163/18.

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THE EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHT ON THE GROWTH OF SPINACH SPROUTS

Grzegorz Fiutak1*, Magdalena Michalczyk1, Magda Filipczak-Fiutak2, Krzysztof Surówka1

1University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Refrigeration and Food Concentrates, Faculty of Food Technology, Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland; 2University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Animal Product Technology, Faculty of Food Technology, Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland; *Corresponding author: [email protected] Cultivation of sprouts is possible over the entire year, are a sensorially attractive and nutrient-rich product. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of selected types of LED lighting on the yield, morphological structure and content of selected bioactive components in spinach sprouts. Light sources were traditional bulbs as well as fluorescent and modern LED light (cold, warm and violet from RGB LED) in every case 1180 lux. During the study, the effect of the different sources of lights on individual pigments was analyzed using chromatography (HPLC). The product was examined for the yield and the contents of chlorophylls, β-carotene, lutein, neoxanthin and violaxanthin. The highest pigment content in cotyledons were recorded in the sprouts cultivated in artificial LED RGB light; moreover, substantial differences were found in plant morphology. Cotyledons comprised 35% of the plant's weight in the sprouts growing under LED RGB light. With regard to the sprouts growing in artificial light, the application of modern LED lighting is reasonable, since these sprouts are characterized by large cotyledons and higher content of pigments. Keywords: chlorophylls, carotenes, xanthophylls, temperature of light, light spectrum Acknowledgments: The study was carried out within the framework of a research project funded by the National Science Centre in Poland based on decision no. DEC-2017/01/X/NZ9/00206.

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THE EXPRESSION OF Β-1,3-GLUCANASE FROM DROSERA BINATA IN THE E.COLI EXPRESSION SYSTEM

Monika Frátriková1*, Miroslav Rajninec1, Juraj Kleman1, Martin Jopčík1,

Jana Libantová1

¹Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademická 2, 950 07 Nitra, Slovak Republic; *Corresponding author: [email protected] Drosera binata is a carnivorous plant of the Droseraceae family, genus Drosera, which is characterized by the high activity of hydrolases, especially during digestive and defense processes. In the case of defense, some out of β-1,3-glucanases can hydrolyse β-1,3-glucan molecules present in the cell wall of fibrous microscopic fungi and slow down their growth. The genes for β-1,3-glucanases with high hydrolytic activity can be used to increase plant resistance to phytopathogens using modern methods of biotechnology. This assumes the selection and testing of suitable candidate genes for these purposes. In the case of β-1,3-glucanases, one out of commercially available substrates – laminarin, lichenan or curdlan- may be used to test the hydrolytic activity. The aim of the experiment was to introduce the expression of Droserta binata β-1,3-glucanase (DbGluc) gene in the bacterial expression system of E. coli BL21-Codon+(DE3)-RIPL and verify its enzymatic activity in the prokaryotic host. After insertion of the DbGluc cDNA into the modified bacterial expression vector pET32a, the resulting vector construct was screened by restriction analysis and introduced by transformation into the expression strain. Induction of β-1,3-glucanase expression was induced by 1 mM IPTG and was carried out for 3 hours at 37 ° C. Detection of β-1,3-glucanase expression was performed on SDS polyacrylamide gels after staining with Coomassie Brilliant Blue.Enzymatic degradation of laminarin was mediated by overexpressed β-1,3-glucanase which cleaved β-1,3-glycoside bounds. Visualization of the hydrolytic activity of the target protein on polyacrylamide gels with the addition of lamanarin substrate confirmed the maintenance of D. binata β-1,3-glucanase enzymatic activity in the prokaryotic expression system. Keywords: Drosera binata, plant glucanases, β-1,3-glucanase activity, gene expression, enzymatic activity Acknowledgements: This work was co-funded by a grant from the Slovak Grant Agency VEGA 2/0075/17 and Research Centre AgroBioTech built in framework of European Community project Building Research Centre „AgroBioTech" ITMS 26220220180.

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SELENIUM, AN ELEMENT WITH DUAL EFFECT ON ORGANISMS

Mateja Germ1, Nina Kacjan-Maršić1, Helena Šircelj1, Ana Kroflič2, Ana Jerše2, Ivan Kreft3, Aleksandra Golob1, Vekoslava Stibilj2

1Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 111, Slovenia;2Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; 3Nutrition Institute, Tržaška cesta 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Selenium (Se) is attracting a lot of attention as an element with strong negative as well as positive effects on organisms. It is an essential element for humans, animals, and microogranisms, while its essentiality for plants is still under debate. Se is included on the list of elements, beneficial for plants. Se had been regarded as toxic for many years. However, it was reported that Se promotes the growth of plants, exposed to UV stress and delays aging processes that are partly reduced due to increased antioxidant activity. Se also has positive effects on plant growth and improves plant nutritional value. Most crops and fodder plants have low capacity for Se accumulation. There are many ways of increasing the amount of Se in plants like soil fertilization, foliar fertilization, and soaking of seeds in Se solution. Uptake of Se after foliar spraying for example was more efficient than soil fertilization for cabbage plants. Se enriched cabbage can be useful for human consumption. In another study it was shown that by consuming a portion of treated buckwheat (pohánka) seeds from plants, foliarly sprayed with Se, 13–220% of selenium RDI is achieved. This is a promising approach to provide sufficient selenium intake for humans. It was also shown that content of Se in pea in untreated, once treated, and twice treated plants was proportional to the addition of Se. The main form of Se in this plant was SeMet. Selenium is, however, also an environmental pollutant. Phytoremediation is widely used for extraction, accumulation, and volatilization of Se. Studies with aquatic plants containing high amounts of Se showed that these plants can be used as bioindicators of Se-loaded aquatic environments. Lemna minor was proved in the studies to be capable to accumulate high amounts of Se. Enrichment of plants with Se has positive impact on human health. In addition, a number of positive roles of Se are also evidenced for many plant processes. However, at high concentrations Se is toxic to organisms. Keywords: Selenium, plants Acknowledgements: The authors acknowledge the financial support through the projects; J4-5524, L4-7552 and L4-9305, and Research Core Fundings through programmes No. P1-0212 »Plant Biology», P4-0085 »Agroecosystems«, P4-0013 »Horticulture«, which were financially supported by the Slovenian Research Agency.

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CYTOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF RESVERATROL AGAINST HYDROGEN PEROXIDE-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN TM3 LEYDIG CELLS

Hana Greifová1*, Tomáš Jambor1, Katarína Zbyňovská1, Norbert Lukáč1

1Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; *Corresponding author: [email protected] Oxidative damage is a consequence of excessive oxidative stress, insufficient antioxidant potential, or a combination of both. Oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is implicated as an important contributing factor in the pathogenesis of many conditions. ROS also involve species that are not radicals in nature, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which are capable of radical formation in cellular environments. Antioxidant treatment is widely used therapy for protecting steroidogenesis in Leydig cells. Thus, antioxidant supplementation may be studied as a promising strategy to overcome reproductive disorders associated with male infertility. Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4’-trihydroxystilbene), a natural phytoalexin found in red wine, peanuts, berries and many other plants, displays a range of pharmacological properties including antioxidative. The objective of present study was to investigate the effect of resveratrol on H2O2-induced oxidative stress in TM3 Leydig cells during 24 h of cultivation. Our in vitro experiment was focused on viability, intracellular production of superoxide radical and biosynthesis of testosterone and androstenedione by TM3 Leydig cells after cultivation with 300 µM of H2O2 with simultaneous resveratrol treatment at concentrations 5, 10, 25 and 50 µM. Cell viability was measured by the MTT (metabolic activity) assay, the nitroblue-tetrazolium (NBT) test was applied to quantify the intracellular superoxide formation and the level of hormones (androstenedione, testosterone) was evaluated from the culture medium using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The MTT test showed a slight increase of cells viability in the case of experimental groups treated with concentrations 5 and 10 µM of resveratrol, while treatment with higher concentrations led to decline of viability values with significant (p ˂ 0.001) changes at dose 100 µM of resveratrol compared to cells exposed to only H2O2. NBT test revealed decreasing tendency of intracellular superoxide production with significantly lower values in cells exposed to 5, 50 and 100 µM of resveratrol (p ˂ 0.001), and also in experimental groups with addition of resveratrol at concentration 25 µM (p ˂ 0.01) and 10 µM (p ˂ 0.05). In the case of steroidogenesis, we observed significant changes only in testosterone production, when concentration of testosterone was significantly higher in cells cocultivated with 10 µM of resveratrol after comparison with control group exposed to only H2O2. These findings suggest that resveratrol, in particular at lower concentrations, is able to protect functions of cultured mouse TM3 Leydig cells in conditions of oxidative stress induced by H2O2. Keywords: Leydig cells, oxidative stress, resveratrol, MTT, NBT, steroidogenesis Acknowledgements: this work was financially supported by the projects APVV 15-0543, KEGA 009SPU-4/2017 and European Community under project no. 26220220180: Building Research Centre „AgroBioTech".

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THE INFLUENCE OF OREXIN B ON EXPRESSION OF ADIPOQ, AKR1C1, IL1B AND CYP3A29 GENES IN THE PORCINE ENDOMETRIUM ON DAYS 15 to 16 OF

PREGNANCY

Marlena Gudelska*, Karol Szeszko, Kamil Dobrzyń, Marta Kieżun, Edyta Rytelewska, Katarzyna Kisielewska, Kinga Bors, Joanna Wyrębek,

Tadeusz Kamiński, Nina Smolińska

Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland; *Corresponding author: [email protected] The reproductive success of animals, including farm animals, depends on their metabolic status. Hormones secreted by the hypothalamus, orexin A (OXA) and orexin B (OXB), are involved in the regulation of food intake and arousal. Both hormones are created by proteolytic cleavage of the protein precursor, prepro-orexin (PPO). Orexins act via the two G-protein-coupled receptors: orexin receptor type 1 (OX1R) and type 2 (OX2R). The presence of the orexin system (OXA, OXB, OX1R and OX2R) was confirmed by our team in the porcine uterus during early pregnancy. The aim of this study was to identify the most potent genes connected to the functions of the porcine endometrium, which expression is regulated by orexin B on days 15 to 16 of pregnancy. The tissue samples were harvested on days 15 to 16 of gestation. The endometrial slices were incubated for 24 hours with orexin B at the dose of 10 nM or without any treatments (control). Total RNA isolated from tissues after incubation was used for microarray analysis and real-time PCR validation of microarray results. To investigate the global expression of genes the Porcine (V2) Two-colour gene expression microarray, 4x44 was used. In order to confirm microarray results four genes: ADIPOQ (adiponectin), AKR1C1 (20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase), IL1β (interleukin 1β) and CYP3A29 (cytochrome P450 3A29) were validated by real-time PCR. Statystical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA followed by LSD post hoc test. Adiponectin is a protein hormone which is involved in the regulation of glucose levels as well as fatty acid distribution. 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase is an enzyme which, among others, catalyzes the reduction of progesterone to its inactive form. We observed the up-regulatory effect of orexin B on the expression of both genes. The regulatory effect of IL-1β on PGE2 and PGF2α synthesis as well as on oestrogens secretion was determined in vitro in the porcine endometrium and myometrium. Cytochrome P450 3A29 is an enzyme involved in the NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. In this study, we noted the down-regulation of IL1β and CYP3A29 under the impact of orexin B treatment. Results of this research may support a better understanding of the influence of metobolic status on the reproductive success of farm animals and the importance of this connection during pregnancy. In particular, the obtained results may indicate the important role of orexin B in the regulation of the porcine endometrium functions on days 15 to 16 of pregnancy. Keywords: orexin B, endometrium, gene expression, microarray, pig, pregnancy Acknowledgements: This research was supported by National Science Centre (projects no: 2011/03/B/NZ9/04187).

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MODULATIVE EFFECTS OF 4-OCTYLPHENOL IN RELATION TO THE STEROIDOGENESIS IN MICE LEYDIG CELLS

Tomáš Jambor1*, Hana Greifová1, Anton Kováčik1, Zsolt Forgács2,

Norbert Lukáč1

1Slovak University of Agriculture, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Department of Animal Physiology, Trieda A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; 2Independent Researcher, Baros u. 135/AVI/3, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; *Corresponding author: [email protected] In the last decades, many epidemiological studies have focused on the potentially hazardous effects of a wide range of chemicals present in the environment. Prominent group of environmental contaminants are endocrine disruptors (EDs). Nowadays, there are classified many groups of EDs such as alkylphenols, bisphenols, phthalates, polychlorinated biphenyls and parabens. They are essential components of industrial and domestic products, concretely pesticides, detergents, paints and cosmetics products. Octylphenol is one of the most common alkylphenol ethoxylate derivatives identified as substance of high concern. It is often used as a components of food products, detergents and household products. Due to its wide usage, a large amount of octylphenol is discharged into ecosystem and evokes a public health risk. Several reproductive dysfunctions have been reported in males, including decline in semen quality, an increase in the incidence of testicular germ cell cancer as well as increase in the prevalence of cryptorchidism. Octylphenol is also considered as a typical endocrine disruptor with estrogenic action. In addition, octylphenol is able to directly affect key steroidogenic enzymes, leading to an imbalance in sex hormone levels. However, the exact mechanism of action is not fully understood. The present research is aimed to further explore reproductive toxicity of 4-octylphenol to male and try to determine his potential effects on the biosynthesis of steroid hormones. The aim of our study was to evaluate the potential impact of 4-octylphenol on the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) stimulated cholesterol levels and steroidogenesis in mice Leydig cells in vitro. Isolated interstitial cells from ICR mice testis were cultured in the presence of 1 IU/mL hCG together with different doses of 4-octylphenol (0.04 – 5.0 µg/mL) during 44 h cultivation. The level of cholesterol was determined from aliquots of cell culture medium using photometry. Concentration of dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione were performed by the enzyme linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assay. A slight decrease in the level of hCG stimulated cholesterol production was recorded in whole applied range (0.04 – 5.0 µg/mL) of 4-octylphenol without any significant changes (P>0.05). The increasing concentrations of endocrine disruptor reduced the secretion of dehydroepiandrosterone in mice Leydig cells, but only the highest experimental dose (5.0 µg/mL) reduce the production significantly (P<0.001). The results also illustrated moderate decreased in androstenedione production, but we did not record significant changes (P>0.05) after the treatment. Our findings showed that parallel effect of hCG and higher experimental concentrations of 4-octylphenol may negatively affect level of cholesterol as well as biosynthesis of steroid hormones. Much more detailed and systematic research in endocrine toxicology is necessary to better understand the risks associated with male reproduction in humans and wildlife. Keywords: mice, Leydig cells, 4-octylphenol, steroidogenesis, Acknowledgments: This work was financially supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency Grant no. APVV-15-0543, APVV-16-0289 and VEGA 1/0539/18.

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THE TESTING OF POTENTIAL PLANT RESOURCES FOR PRODUCTION OF ISOTHIOCYANATES IN VITRO

Martin Jopčík1*, Miroslav Rajninec1, Martin Šimkovič2, Ján Salaj1

1Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Science, Akademicka 2, 950 07 Nitra, Slovak Republic; 2Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Vazovova 5, 81243 Bratislava; Slovak Republic;*Corresponding author: [email protected] Recently, the research is focused on phytochemicals in the plant-based diet that possess cancer preventive properties, and among them, isothiocyanates (ITCs) are regarded as a significant dietary factor (Keck and Finley 2004). ITCs are synthetised and deposited in plant cells as glucosinolates (β-thioglucoside N-hydroxysulfates). Hydrolysis of glucosinolates stored in the cell vacuole to ITCs is catalysed by enzyme myrosinase upon plant tissue disruption during food processing. The cruciferous plants (e.g. broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, rocket, etc.) are the richest plant sources of ITCs. Among the high number of ITCs identified so far in cruciferous plant species, especially erucin and sulforaphane play an important role in anticancer research (Razis et al. 2012). However, the natural form of sulphoraphane, glucoraphanin, is less effective, therefore its activation to sulphoraphane by catalyzing with enzyme myrosinase is needed. Because of its health-promoting effects, ITCs have recently become a subject of interest to plant biotechnologists, too. Micropropagation via in vitro techniques like plant cell, tissue or organ cultures – either on solid or in liquid media - plays a very significant role in plant production and biotechnology industry. In our experiments, the screening and selection of a suitable sulforaphane and myrosinase-rich plant species (representatives of the Brassicaceae, Capparaceae and Caricaceae family) was the aim. Altogether, the seedlings of 8 cultivars of broccoli, 8 cultivars of savoy cabbage, 4 cultivars of cauliflower, 6 cultivars of rocket plant, and 11 other species were used for selection of explants and optimal media for inducing callus, shoots and/or roots under in vitro conditions using MS medium (Murashige and Skoog 1962) supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinins and/or auxins were tested. As to in vitro experiments performed to find the best explants for production of desirable glucosinolates glucoraphanin and myrosinase in cultures of experimental plants, it was found that the content of ITCs was higher in organs (shoots, leaves, plantlet explants) compared to callus cultures. However, the most promising in vitro approach seems to be the root culture. Keywords: anticancer, cruciferous plants, glucosinolates, micropropagation

Acknowledgements: The finantial support by the proj. APVV-16-0439 is appreciated.

References: Keck AS, Finley JW, 2004: Cruciferous vegetables: cancer protective mechanisms of glucosinolate hydrolysis products and selenium. Integr Cancer Ther 3, 5-12. Murashige T, Skoog F, 1962: A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant. 15, 473-497 Razis AFA et al., 2012: The naturally occurring aliphatic isotiocyanates sulforaphane and erucin are weak agonists but prevent non-competitive antagonists of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Arch. Toxicol. 86, 1505-1514.

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KEEPING FOOD SAFETY ON THE FOOD INNOVATION AGENDA

Hrönn O. Jorundsdottir1,7, T. Hogg2,7, G. Bono3,7, T. Altintzoglou4,7, F.A. Digilio5,7, Adriana Kolesarova6,7, Katherine Flynn7

1Icelandic Food and Biotechnology, Matis Ltd. Reykjavik, Iceland; 2Catholic University of Portugal, Porto, Portugal; 3Institute of Coastal Marine Environment, CNR. Mazara del Vallo, Italy; 4Centre for Marketing Research, Norwegian Institute for Food Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Tromsø, Norway; 5Institute of Biosciences and BioResources- CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy; 6Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Nitra, Slovak Republic; 7The European Association for Food Safety, SAFE consortium, Brussels, Belgium We now face several global challenges related to food: e.g., increasing population, decreasing natural resources and changing climate. Disruption of today’s food system is already occurring as we innovate to sustainably produce healthy and affordable food for all. How can we combine the challenges in food innovation with the requirements for food safety? A lot is spent by companies and public bodies on keeping Europe’s food supply safe, and our food is safer than ever. However, the WHO estimates that food-borne bacteria, parasites, toxins and allergens cause about 23 million cases of illness and 5,000 deaths in Europe every year and the European citizen is far from confident or trusting of the food system. The European Union Framework Programme 9, Horizon Europe, will have a focus on Food and Natural Resources where specific areas encourage food innovation. Here, attention to food safety must be embedded in research in i) Producing Sustainably from Land in Agriculture and Forestry, where sidestreams can be converted to food and ingredients by biotechnological processes and we need to ensure that the products are safe; ii) Sustainable Ocean Systems, where safety evaluation of aquatic pollution such as microplastics, decrease in discards and better use of fish sidestreams are vital as we aim to increase food production from marine environments and aquaculture; iii) Future-proofing Food Systems, where the trends of digitalization, automatization and internet of things according to Industry 4.0 will likely give new challenges and/or possibilities for food safety and iv) Boosting Bio-based Innovation Systems, where EU goals for reducing plastics and increasing bio-based materials and recycling will mean new food contact products with challenges for migration and food safety. The European Association for Food Safety, SAFE consortium has been working to keep food safety on the agenda since 2002. SAFE organizes workshops and publishes position papers and videos focused on timely food safety concerns. SAFE members identified additional challenges for keeping food safety in food innovation i) Food Safety Education, where marketing communication reaches consumers with a positive impact on food safety behavior, while the basic school curriculum ensures future consumer food safety knowledge and skills; ii) New Purchasing and Distribution Systems, e.g., shopping by internet, eating outside of the home more often, where new ways of meeting new food safety challenges are required iii) Food Safety Legislation, where revisions encourage use of new raw materials, novel food and innovative food processing and ensure a high level of protection of human life and consumer interest in relation to food. The priority is a comprehensive systemic approach to food safety and nutrition as important factors in human health. To sustain the global reputation of the European food industry and grow confidence and trust in Europeans we should inform every citizen of the origin and processing of food and ensure that the food industry has at its core both a high level of protection of human health and the respect of animals, plants and environment. Mutually connecting education, research and business contributes to fostering of development, innovation and knowledge transfer in safe food.

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MALDI-TOF MASS SPECTROMETRY FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM A TRADITIONAL SLOVAK CHEESE: PARENICA

Miroslava Kačániová1, Simona Kunová1, Margarita Terentjeva2,

Ľudmila Nagyová3, Elena Horská3, Peter Haščík1

1Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, Nitra, Slovak Republic; [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]; 2Institute of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Agriculture, K. Helmaņa iela 8, LV-3004, Jelgava, Latvia, [email protected]; 3Faculty of Economics and Management, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic, [email protected], [email protected] In this study we identified the culturable population of bacteria from a traditional Slovak cheese Parenica made with cow milk using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS). Samples from four different producers of Parenica cheese from cow milk were used. The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were selected on MRS, APT and MSE agars at 30 °C, Enterobacterales order on VRBL agar at 37 °C, total count of bacteria (TCB) on Plate count agar at 30 °C. Gram positive and gram negative strains were subjected to identification by MALDI-TOF MS profiling. MALDITOF MS identification allowed identification of four genera belonging to LAB including Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Leuconostoc. Lactobacillus was the most represented genus with seven species: Lactobacillus curvatus (L. curvatus), L. casei, L. delbrueckii, L. fermentum, L. paraplantarum, L. plantarum and L. sakei found in Parenica cheese made from cow milk. Escherichia coli, Enterobacter asburiae, Klebsiella oxytoca and K. pneumoniae were the most identified bacteria species from Enterobacterales order. The MALDI-TOF-MS demonstrates that this fast, economically affordable, robust and reliable method for bacteria characterization stands as an attractive alternative to the commonly-used methods for identification of bacteria from cheese. Keywords: bacteria, mass spectrometry, identification, Parenica cheese Acknowledgements: Work was supported by grants APVV-16-0244.

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EFFECT OF CHEMERIN ON LH AND FSH SECRETION BY PORCINE PITUITARY GLAND DURING THE OESTRUS CYCLE

Katarzyna Kisielewska*, Edyta Rytelewska, Marlena Gudelska, Marta Kieżun,

Karol Szeszko, Kamil Dobrzyń, Nina Smolińska, Barbara Kamińska, Joanna Wyrębek, Kinga Bors, Tadeusz Kamiński

Departament of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn of Poland; *Corresponding author: [email protected] It is a commonly known that the nutritional status affects the reproductive success in animals. Studies concerning leptin and adiponectin, which are adipokines (hormones secreted by the white adipose tissue), demonstrated that these substances participate in the proper functioning of the female reproductive system in pigs by acting at all branches of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, including the pituitaries. It has been hypothesized that chemerin, another adipokine, has a significant effect on the reproduction by its influence on secretory functions of the pituitary. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chemerin on the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by the anterior pituitary gland (AP) of the domestic pig during different phases of the oestrous cycle: days 2 to 3 (early-luteal phase, the formation of the corpus luteum), 10 to 12 (mid-luteal phase, a fully functional corpus luteum), 14 to 16 (late-luteal phase, the period of luteolysis) and 17 to 19 (follicular phase). Isolated AP cells were cultured in vitro in the presence of chemerin (100, 200 ng/ml). The AP cells without any treatment were used as a control. After 24 hours of incubation, the culture media were collected, then concentration of the LH and FSH was determined by ELISA test. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Fisher’s LSD post hoc test. On days 10 to 12 of the oestrous cycle, chemerin at the dose of 200 ng/ml stimulated LH and FSH secretion. On days 14 to 16 of the cycle, chemerin (100 ng/ml) reduced LH secretion. On days 17 to 19 of the oestrous cycle, chemerin at both doses decreased LH release by the AP cells. Our results indicate that chemerin regulates the secretion of LH and FSH, which are hormones that directly affect the reproductive system functions at the level of ovaries. The effect of this adipokine was dependent on the hormonal status of female pigs associated with the phase of the oestrous cycle. Aboved-mentioned data suggest that chemerin may act as an element of the common hormonal system linking the energy homeostasis and reproduction in females. Keywords: chemerin, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, pituitary gland, pig, oestrous cycle Acknowledgements: This research was supported by Polish National Science Centre (projects no: 2015/17/B/NZ9/03595).

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PROTEOMICS INFORMED BY TRANSCRIPTOMICS APPROACH TO PARASITIC WEEDS OF THE OROBANCHACEAE FAMILY

Juraj Kleman1, Katarína Klubicová1, Maksym Danchenko2, Monika Frátriková1,

Miroslav Rajninec1, Ludovit Skultety2, Radoslava Matusova1 1Plant Science and Biodiversity Center SAS, Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Akademická 2, P.O. Box 39A, 950 07 Nitra, Slovak Republic; 2Biomedical Research Center SAS, Institute of Virology, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovak Republic Parasitic plant species can be extremely damaging to both the wild and cultivated plant life. Species of the Orobanchaceae family can especially have severe impact on the host plants, which results in dramatically decreased yields of agricultural crops. Their efficiency as parasites combined with the lack of effective methods of control regarding these parasites can cause immense loses in food production, especially in highly infested regions. This impact on agro-economic but also social sphere urges research of new feasible and effective parasite control methods. Our approach to this is on proteomic level, trying to detail the process of parasitic interaction with the host plant. But the identification of proteins via mass spectrometry can prove to be a challenging ordeal when it comes to organisms without fully, or at least partially, annotated data of genomic sequences. Species of the Orobanchaceae family do not have available protein sequence databases yet, therefore we implement the proteomics informed by transcriptomics. To circumvent the necessity for a reference genome we use transcriptomic data to identify the proteins of parasitic plants of the Orobanchaceae family. This approach has shown to be a feasible one, since we were able to identify crucial storage proteins and enzymes. Keywords: parasitic plants, Orobanchaceae, proteomics Acknowledgements: Work was supported by Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education of Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences (VEGA 2/0138/17) and Research Centre AgroBioTech built in framework of European Community project Building Research Centre „AgroBioTech" ITMS 26220220180.

‐ 45 ‐

THE EFFECT OF GRAPE EXTRACT AND BIOSUBSTANCES ON HUMAN OVARIAN CELLS IN VITRO

Adriana Kolesárová1, Simona Baldovská1, Katarína Michalcová1, Branislav Gálik2,

Jaromír Vašíček3, Eduard Kolesár1, Martin Marák1, Ľuboslav Sanislo4, Vladimír Křen5

1Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; 2Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; 3 Institute for Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, Research Institute for Animal Production in Nitra, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Lužianky, Slovak Republic; 4St. Elizabet Cancer Institute Hospital, Heydukova 10, 812 50 Bratislava, Slovak Republic; 5Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic

Current progress in the field of pharmacology and physiology have enhanced the significance of grapes as a nutritional food against various diseases. Flavonoids in grapes such as resveratrol, quercetin, isoquercitrin (IQ) and others are well known for their various medicinal properties. Phytochemicals present in grapes may have important role in regulation of human ovarian functions. Human ovarian granulosa cell line (HGL5) and human ovarian carcinoma cell line (OVCAR-3) present model system for understanding the molecular mechanisms of action of phytocompounds. The first aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of grape skin extract (Vitis vinifera L., cultivar Pinot gris) at the doses 0; 6.25; 12,5; 25; 50; 100 µg/ml (1) on the viability and the secretion of steroid hormones (progesterone and 17ß-estradiol) by HGL5 cells; and (2) on the viability of OVCAR-3 in vitro. The second aim of the study was to investigate the effect of IQ at the doses 0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 µg/ml (3) on the viability and the secretion of steroid hormones (progesterone, 17β-estradiol) by HGL5; and (4) on the viability and the number of live, apoptotic and dead OVCAR-3 cells in vitro. The metabolic activity was determined by alamarBlueTM cell viability assay, the release of steroid hormones was assayed by ELISA method. A flow cytometry method was used for quantitative analysis of the number of live, apoptotic and dead cells. (1) Grape skin extract: The viability of HGL5 cells was not significantly (P≥0.05) influenced by the extract. 17ß-estradiol and progesterone secretion by HGL5 cells was significantly (P≤0.05) decreased at the highest concentration 100 µg/ml. The cell viability of OVCAR-3 cells was significantly (P≤0.05) decreased by the extract treatment at the concentrations 12.5; 25; 50; 100 µg/ml. (2) Isoquercitrin: The number of live HGL5 was not significantly (P≥0.05) influenced by IQ treatment in comparison to control cells. Similarly, IQ did not affected progesterone and 17ß-estradiol secretion by the cells HGL5. The viability of OVCAR-3 cells was not significantly (P≥0.05) influenced by IQ treatment at any concentrations. The number of live, apoptotic and dead cells was not affected by IQ treatment at all used concentrations. Conclusion: The mechanisms of action of flavonoid IQ are not yet fully explained, however, grape skin as a byproduct of winemaking contains phytocompounds whose could be as a regulator of ovarian functions. Acknowledgments: This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic projects VEGA 1/0039/16, VEGA 1/0411/17, KEGA 011SPU-4/2016, APVV-16-0170 and EU project no. 26220220180: Building Research Centre „AgroBioTech".

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THE EFFECT OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD EXPOSURE ON THE SYNTHESIS AND SECRETION OF OESTRONE IN PORCINE MYOMETRIUM

Wiktoria Kozlowska1, Ewa M. Waszkiewicz1, Anna Koziorowska2, Anita Franczak1

1Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]; 2Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, [email protected] An electromagnetic field (EMF) of extremely low frequencies may affect reproductive processes in mammals. It was established that EMF exposition alters the oestrogens release from the uterine tissues collected from pigs at the mid-luteal phase of the oestrous cycle. Therefore, it is interesting whether the EMF exposition may alter the steroidogenic activity of the uterus of early pregnant pigs.The proper intrauterine concentration of oestrogens, including oestrone (E1) is required for normal pregnancy course in pigs especially during peri-implantation period (i.e. on days 15-16 of pregnancy). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of EMF at 50 and 120 Hz on the myometrial expression of CYP19 mRNA and in vitro oestrone (E1) release from the myometrium harvested during the peri-implantation period. Myometrial slices were harvested from post-pubertal pigs on days 15-16 of early pregnancy and exposed in vitro to an EMF (50 and 120 Hz, 8 mT) for 2 and 4h. Control slices were not exposed to EMF. After the incubation, tissue fragments were used for RNA isolation (n=3) for further cDNA synthesis. Next, obtained cDNA was used for Real-Time PCR with specific primers for CYP19 and reference genes, i.e. ACTB and RNA 18S. The expression level of CYP19 mRNA was calculated using ΔΔCt method. Culture media were collected (n = 5) and used for determination of E1 concentration using RIA. Obtained results from both gene expression and hormone concentration analyses were compared vs. control using one-way ANOVA (STATISTICA). The expression of CYP19 mRNA was not affected by EMF exposition despite the time and the frequency used. The release of E1 after 2h-lasted incubation of myometrial slices in the presence of EMF exposure did not differ vs. control, while after 4h-lasted incubation myometrial slices released higher amounts of E1 when exposed to 50 Hz and lower amounts of E1 when exposed to EMF at 120 Hz. In conclusions, the EMF at 50 and 120 Hz does not alter CYP19 mRNA expression in myometrial tissue collected during peri-implantation period, but alters the E1 release specifically after longer exposition to EMF. Therefore, the long-term exposition to EMF may lead to pregnancy disorders generating changes in E1 intrauterine milieu. Further studies are needed to understand the cause and effect link between the EMF exposition, altered release of E1 and the expression, abundance and activity of the other steroid hormones biosynthesis pathway enzymes. Keywords: myometrium, electromagnetic field, oestrogens, CYP19 Acknowledgements: The study was funded by National Science Centre, Poland, grant nr: 2017/25/B/NZ9/00090.

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SLOVAK REPUBLIC AS A MEMBER OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANCE AND COOPERATION NETWORK & SYSTEM

Michal Kunštek*

AAC Contact Point the Slovak Republic, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of the Slovak Republic, Dept. of Food Safety and Nutrition, Dobrovičová 12, 812 66 Bratislava; *Corresponding author: [email protected] This article deals with the role of Administrative assistance and cooperation Contact Point in Slovakia within the AAC Network established by the Directorate-General SANTE to enable the Member States of the EU to exchange the information from the Official Controls that are related to non-compliances with food and feed and such a violation of food or feed law has a cross-border impact. Administrative assistance and Cooperation System was established by the Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/1918 in October 2015 and was launched in test operation in November 2015. In 2016, the AAC AA system was introduced in a full operation mode together with the AAC FF system which is used by the Food Fraud Network. Currently, the work on integration of the AACS and the iRASFF system is ongoing to improve the cooperation of contact points involved in exchanging the information from official Controls. Establishment of the Single Contact Points coordinating the work of the RASFF and AAC Contact Points in each single member state, introducing the IT developments related to the web tools for information exchange and preparation work on introducing the IMSOC system that will unify the systems in use in relation to risk to human, plant, animal health and animal welfare are among the key features of the integration process. Department of Food Safety and Nutrition operates as the Contact Point for Administrative Assistance and Cooperation in the Slovak Republic within the AAC system and represents the liaison body in administrative assistance and cooperation at the same time. AAC Contact Point is as a part of the Single Contact Point in Slovakia (SCP) which represents the State Veterinary and Food Administration of the Slovak Republic. SCP coordinates the work of three Contact Points – CP for RASFF, AAC and Food Fraud. In 2016, the Department of Food Safety and Nutrition created 10 notifications sent the other Member States in the AAC system and processed 9 notifications received from other Member States. European Commission sent 7 notifications to both of the contact points in the Slovak Republic. The number of the cases created by the Department of Food Safety and Nutrition as the AAC CP over the Year 2017 was 15. AAC CP received 12 notifications from the other Member States and 2 additional notifications. Within the whole AAC AA Network, there has been exchanged 353 cases in the AAC AA system in 2017 related to mislabelling, 162 related to replacement of ingredients/dilution/addition or removal in product, 114 cases related to unapproved treatment and/or process and 54 cases regarding the non-compliances found in the documents related to the food and feed products. Keywords: administrative assistance and cooperation, food non-compliance, feed non-compliance, cases with cross-border impact, Contact Point for Administrative Assistance and Cooperation in the Slovak Republic

‐ 48 ‐

INTEGRATED PRODUCTION OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLES AND CONSUMER AWARENESS

Iwona Mentel1, Ewa Cieślik2, Martyna Jarema1

1Department of Nutrition Technology and Consumption/ Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 122 Balicka st., Kraków, 30-149, Poland, [email protected]; 2Department of Nutrition Technology and Consumption/ Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 122 Balicka st., Kraków, 30-149, Poland, [email protected] The modern, agricultural of production has to meet, at present, many challenging expectations and requirements, both from the side, more and more conscious ecologically concern consumers, as well as from the need to adapt the production to strict norms of environmental protection. Moreover growing food demand, reduced acreage of cropped earth, more and more the restrictive rules concerning the food safety cause the need to implement a new techniques of the plants cultivation. In the days of the food overproduction there is a need to change of existing methods of food production has become substantial to guarantee the best quality and health advantages of these products simultaneously limiting the contamination of the environment. Farmers, wanting to keep one's position on the market, are forced to constant raising of knowledge and seeking for new methods of production. A system of the Integrated Production of Plants is one of alternative solutions. The production system which is recognized as the domestic quality system, delivering products with high nutritional value, produced in the safe and balanced way, with help of the biological and technological progress in the cultivation and the plant protection.The aim of work was to evaluate the consumer awareness concerning the acquaintance of plant raw materials produced with the application of the Integrated Production system. The questionnaire survey was conducted with using a questionnaire amongst 200 randomly chosen respondents in the Cracow and Wieliczka districts. The questionnaire included 16 questions, and received results were subjected to a statistical analysis with applying the test of independence - χ 2. The conducted examinations revealed, that the prevailing majority of respondents (73.5%) consumed fruit and vegetables every day, and eaten products were of good quality (61% of the whole). Most often, for such choice, were persons with vocational secondary education, aged 20-30 years. Over the half of respondents correctly recognized the concept of "Integrated Production", and among main objectives carried out by this system highly ranked – launching into trade safe and with high nutritional value food. It was observed that 75% respondents correctly indicated apples as the first fruits planted as part of the system Integrated Production. Respondents participating in the questionnaire survey also correctly showed that producers of these fruits most often received IP certificates. Also respondents (98%) regarded as significant the need to raise the consumer awareness about this production method. Keywords: fruits, vegetables, Integrated Production, consumer awareness, questionnaire survey

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CONTROL OF QUALITY OF TRADITIONAL AND REGIONAL IN POLAND

Iwona Mentel1, Ewa Cieślik2, Klaudia Rączkowska1

1Department of Nutrition Technology and Consumption/ Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 122 Balicka st., Kraków, 30-149, Poland, [email protected]; 2Department of Nutrition Technology and Consumption/ Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 122 Balicka st., Kraków, 30-149, Poland, [email protected] In Poland, as well as in other countries of the European Union, the interest of consumers and producers in the traditional and regional food is increasing systematically. This phenomenon is associated with the specific characteristics and taste of these products. According to the definition issued by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, traditional products are the products with specific characteristics, produced from traditional raw materials and/or components, with above than 25-years tradition of the production and recipe unchanged and used by producers until today. Whereas the regional products are products, of which the quality is definitely higher than average, and their methods of the production are closely associated to the local tradition and the place of product origin (www.minrol.gov.pl). In order to support and maintain the high quality of above type of products their producers are subjected to control in scope of accordance with demands. The control is performed by specialized, dedicated Units (among others IJHARS – Agricultural and Food Quality Inspection), and other certified bodies. The audit specification is defining characteristic features of farm and food articles, the origin of their components and their production technology in order to obtain products allowed for EU mark signature as Protected Designation of Origin, Protected Geographical Indication and Traditional Specialty Guaranteed (www.ijhar-s.gov.pl). The aim of the work was to put together, list and analyze of data of control checks assessing the rights for registered names usage (“registered as”), obtained from IJHARS reports and from official website of this control unit (www.ijhar-s.gov.pl). The number of certificates and evidences issued, basing on data concerning products with granted UE certificates – PDO,PGI and TSG revealed in 2017, was 816 (522 certificates and 294 quality evidences). This amount permanently grows – starting from 2007, when 2 first quality evidences were granted to bryndza podhalańska (ripened rennet, soft ewe’s milk cheese). Actual data of conducted audits performed by authorized Units, on the area of our country (checking properness of application of PDO,PGI and TSG marks and searching for biases) have pointed that, despite of growing number of audits, the amount of biases found has felt down. Starting from 2011, when for 10 audits performed the 10 products were described as not valid (among others products launched to the market without quality certificates and not allowed for usage of registered names PDO,PGI and TSG, such as: kiełbasa lisiecka, oscypek, redykołka). In the years 2015 -2016 there was noticed the drop down of such failures (for 41 audits – 3 biases and fro 48 audits -2 biases, respectively) Keywords: traditional products, regional products, quality control

‐ 50 ‐

LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY AGRICULTURAL CENTER FOOD INCUBATOR: A SUCCESSFUL MODEL FOR SMALL BUSINESS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Marvin Moncada*, Gaye Sandoz, John Russin

Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA; *Corresponding author: [email protected] The Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Food Incubator began in July 2013 with goals to: i) support food businesses through production of value-added products; and ii) promote sustainable economic development in the State of Louisiana. Situated on the university campus, it accomplishes these goals by assisting individual entrepreneurs in aspects of food company establishment, including product concept, recipe and process optimization, safe food handling, product packaging, business planning, and marketing. In less than 4 years, the Food Incubator has launched 42 new companies that produce more than 113 different food products. Many products are available in 800+ food shops throughout the region. Six months were required to create Food Incubator operation guidelines, modify an existing facility, hire two staff persons (product market expert; food scientist), and determine fees for program enrollment, services, equipment use, and required training. Continuing promotion and public relation efforts maintain the Food Incubator at full capacity for tenants (n = 30), with many more tenants in queue. Program efforts during Years 1 and 2 focused primarily on support for new or emerging companies run by single or small groups of citizen entrepreneurs. This strategy was successful to increase awareness of the Food Incubator program and to establish its reputation as an important engine for economic development. In Year 3, Food Incubator programs expanded to include product development and testing for larger established food corporations. These services for corporate tenants generate substantial fees, which is critical for long-term financial sustainability. Our goal is for the Food Incubator to become financially self-sufficient within 5 years. In less than 3 years, the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Food Incubator has become one of our most popular and successful programs. It generates good public relations and strengthens our reputation as a hub for entrepreneurism and economic development. It routinely is featured in local television and print media and it is promoted as a model for successful information transfer and public engagement. Our desire is to establish Food Incubators, launch companies, create jobs, and increase economic development throughout Louisiana.This presentation will summarize the logistics behind operation of a Food Incubator; the steps and expenses required for operation; the Food Incubator business model; the approaches to partner with both citizen entrepreneurs and established companies; and the strategies and importance for communications, marketing, and branding. Keywords: food companies, business incubator, entrepreneurism, business models, economic development, information transfer, public-private partnerships, citizen engagement

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CHITINASE ACTIVITIES IN VEGETATIVE AND SPOROGENOUS TISSUE EXPOSED TO ANDROGENESIS-INDUCIBLE STRESS CONDITIONS IN WINTER RYE (SECALE

CEREALE L.)

Jana Moravčíková1, Ewa Dubas2, Kamil Zielinski2, Zuzana Gregorová3, Eva Boszorádová1, Iwona Żur2, Anna Nowicka2, Monika Krzewska2,

Mária Zimová4, Ildikó Matušíková3

1Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademicka 2, P.O.B. 39A, 95 007 Nitra 1, Slovak Republic,([email protected], [email protected]); 2The F. Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland ([email protected], [email protected],[email protected], [email protected]; [email protected]); 3Department of Ecochemistry and Radioecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Trnava, Slovak Republic ([email protected], [email protected]); 4Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Botany and Genetics, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovak Republic ([email protected]) Plant chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14, Chit) are hydrolytic enzymes that catalyse β-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine linkages of chitin. They play an important role in various biological processes associated with plant growth and development e.g. zygotic and somatic embryogenesis; and with the cellular response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we demonstrate their role in the processes of stress-induced androgenesis in winter rye (Secale cereale L.). The tillers of two rye breeding lines (no. 4 and no.8 different in the potential to androgenesis initiation) were pre-treated by a low temperature (3 weeks at 4oC in dark) in the presence of 0.7 M mannitol (MN) and/or 0.3 mM reduced glutathione (GSH). Vegetative (flag leaves) and sporogenous tissue (anthers) were used for analyses. Chitinases were assayed in gel using glycolchitin as a substrate. Our results showed that chitinases were induced in all analysed samples (flag leaves and anthers) of both lines. We identified up to four chitinase fractions (~30, 34, 42 and 95 kDa) in the pre-treated anthers and up to seven chitinase fractions (~23, 26, 30, 34, 42, 95 and 140 kDa) in the pre-treated leaves. Our results suggest possible involvement of chitinases in rye androgenesis induction. Keywords: androgenesis, chitinases, glycolchitin, Secale cereal L. Acknowledgements: The research was supported by the by the F. Górski IPP PAS institutional funding no. T1Zb1/2016, PL-SK Joint research project 2016-2017 no. 11, UGA VIII/26/2018 and the project APVV-15-0051.

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GROWING SPATHIPHYLLUM BUD CLUSTER CULTURES IN VITRO USING LIQUID MEDIUM

István Dániel Mosonyi1*

1Szent István University, Department of Floriculture and Dendrology, Villányi str. 29-43, Budapest, Hungary, Mosonyi; *Corresponding author: [email protected] Spathiphyllum cultivars are one of the most important potted flowering ornamental plants. The production of their propagation material is carried out mainly with tissue culture methods in the conventional way: using shoot culture on solid medium. Liquid media culturing methods in general could provide higher propagation rate and automation possibilities. However shoot cultures are difficult to grow this way since special equipment is required to provide proper aeration for the shoots. In the following study a globular bud cluster formation was used instead of shoots to propagate this plant; these bud clusters can be established artificially from the spadix inflorescences with plant growth regulators. During the study the eligibility of bud clusters for liquid culturing were evaluated and the effect of shaken and rotated culturing methods with different cytokinin levels were compared on the multiplication, development and occurent shoot regeneration of Spathiphyllum floribundum ’Petite’. The clusters were placed in 4 different propagation media in each culturing type (8 treatments to sum up). The media composition were half macroelement concentration MS supplemented with 20 gL-1 sucrose, 0.1 mgL-1 naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA) and different thidiazuron (TDZ) concentration: 0.05 mgL-1; 0.1 mgL-1; 0.2 mgL-1; 0.5 mgL-1. Shaken cultures were agitated with an orbital shaker, while rotated cultures were grown in a tissue culture rotator for 60 days, 16 hours/day fluorescent lighting in 25°C. Bud clusters containing 2-3 buds were placed in Erlenmeyer vessels (shaken culture) and in test tubes (rotated culture). Morphological parameters (diameter, bud number, weight) and the state of clusters were evaluated, dry weight, chlorophyll content and peroxidase enzyme activity were measured. According to the results the TDZ concentrations had an effect on the diameter and weight of the clusters (as the TDZ concentration increased the diameter and the weight decreased), but culturing methods had not. The greatest number of buds in a cluster established at 0.1 mgL-1 TDZ concentration in both culturing method. In shaken culture the lowest TDZ concentration (0.05 mgL-1) resulted in the most shoot regeneration (27%), while at higher concentration this was very low or nothing at all. In rotated cultures neither treatment caused such high rate of shoot regeneration. Significant differences in dry weight content were observable between the TDZ levels but not between culturing methods. Neither the culturing methods nor the TDZ concentration did not influence chlorophyll content or peroxidase enzyme activity. The equal level of peroxidase activity and chlorophyll content between the treatments indicates that the mechanical stress in plants caused by the culturing methods is not different. The culturing methods are only differing from each other in the rate of shoot regeneration at the lowest TDZ concentration: shaken cultures show significantly higher rate probably because of the lack of rotating component in the agitating motion which may provide more retained geotropism in the bud clusters, but higher level of cytokinin inhibits this phenomena. For the highest propagation rate of bud clusters 0.1 mgL-1 TDZ concentration is recommended from the evaluated concentration range. Considerable difference in multiplication rate or in morphological characteristics cannot be revealed between the culturing methods, both of them are suitable for the liquid culture propagation of Spathiphyllum bud clusters. This propagation method may provide an automation possibility in the micropropagation of these ornamental taxa. Keywords: Spathiphyllum, in vitro culture, micropropagation, liquid medium, bud cluster Acknowledgements: this research was supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office – NKFIH, project number PD-116269.

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SWEET POTATOES – A SOURCE OF POLYPHENOLS

Janette Musilová*, Judita Bystrická, Alena Vollmannová, Eduard Kopányi

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, SUA Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; *Corresponding author: [email protected]

The world production of sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.) in 2016 was to 105.2 million tonnes, with China's main producer (78.5 million t). There was less than 0.5% of world production in Europe, most in Portugal, Spain, Italy and Greece. Sweet potatoes are the source of many nutritional and health benefit substances. The group of bioactive compounds are represented mainly by phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins), vitamins (thiamine, pyridoxine, biotin, niacin, pantothenic acid, vitamins C and E) and carotenoids. The aim of this study was to determine the total polyphenol content (TPC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) depending on the cultivar, the different morphological part of plant (flesh / skin / leaves) as well as the growing phase. Three cultivars of sweet potatoes – White (with white flesh and skin), Beauregard (with orange flesh and skin) and 414-purple (with purple flesh and a dark skin), which were grown in model conditions of a vegetation pot experiment, were used in the study. Samples were analysed twice (in the middle and at the end of the vegetation period). TPC and TAC were determined spectrophotometrically in methanol extracts (TPC by Lachman et al. (2006), = 765 nm; TAC by DPPH according to Brand-Williams et al. (1995), = 515.6 nm). Results were statistically evaluated by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA – Multiple Range Tests, Method: 95.0 percent LSD) using statistical software STATGRAPHICS (Centurion XVI.I, USA) and a regression and correlation analysis (Microsoft Excel) was used. The TPC in the flesh of sweet potatoes were differed depending on the cultivar and on the vegetation period (1st sampling / 2nd sampling), too. In the cv. 414-purple the TPC was higher in samples from 2nd sampling (610 / 1 200 mg/kg FM), in the other two cultivars it was higher in samples from 1st sampling (White: 269 / 182 and Beauregard 422 / 340 mg/kg FM).The TPC in skin of sweet potatoes was higher in samples from the 2nd sampling in all three cultivars (414-purle: 734 / 1855, White: 281 / 438 and Beauregard 439 / 700 mg/kg FM, resp.). TPC and TAC in leaves of sweet potatoes were determined only in samples from the 1st sampling, statistical differences in the TPC were not confirmed between cv. 414-purple and cv. Beauregard and in the TAC between cv. 414-purple a cv. White. TPC in leaves of sweet potatoes were in cv. White 2827, Beauregard 2969 and 414-purple 2981 mg/kg FM. Changes of TAC in the flesh and in the skin in all three cultivars had the same tendency as TPC, and the positive statistically high correlation between TPC and TAC in individual sweet potatoes samples was also confirmed. The TAC values in White, Beauregard and 414-purple flesh were 42.6 (24.3), 73.1 (58.4) and 70.0 (85.7)% in 1st (2nd) sampling. In the skin of White, Beauregard and 414-purple cultivars the determined TAC values were 41.6 (72.7), 76.4 (86.0) and 79.1 (87.9)%, respectively. TAC values in leaves were: cv. 414-purple 81.5, White 82.3 and Beauregard 83.6%. The TPC and TAC in the leaves have a statistically high correlation (p-value is in the range from 8.5E-04 to 8.99E-09). Keywords: sweet potatoes, cultivar, polyphenols, antioxidant capacity Acknowledgements: This work was financially supported by projects KEGA 015SPU-4/2016, VEGA 1/0139/17 and VEGA 1/0114/18.

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PACKAGING AS A VISUAL INDICATOR OF QUALITY, TRADITION AND CULTURE OF TRADITIONAL PRODUCTS FROM SHEEP MILK

Ľudmila Nagyova1, Jana Rybanská2, Ingrida Košičiarová3, Elena Horská4,

Miroslava Kačániová5

Faculty of Economics and Management, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic, [email protected] The perception and following choice of food products depends on various factors including external ones. The study of the potential packaging of selected sheep milk products – smoked and nonsmoked parenica – has aimed to find out possible associations that consumers have with these products with the assumption that food packaging plays an important role in attracting consumers' attention and generating expectations in the consumer that in turn affect their product perception and buying behaviour. The research sample consisted of graphical designs of packaging of traditional sheep milk products – smoked and nonsmoked parenica, which was on 17th April 2012 registered in the system of Protected Geographical Indication of PG. At the same time, a comparison of proposed and by customers accepted packaging with the packaging of parenica sold in specialized and classic shops of domestic and foreign companies was carried out. The research has shown that consumers prefer the packaging with traditional motifs associated with Slovak customs and folk traditions, folklore and culture in front of modern ones. Packaging with rural and traditional motifs are strongly associated with agriculture, domestic production, high quality and interesting flavour. The assumption that the correctly chosen theme of the packaging can significantly affect the consumer was confirmed. The graphical design of the packaging may exhibit other product features, e.g. dietetic nature, nutrition and calcium content, protein intake, made for children, which affects individual segments of consumers in terms of gender, age, education, lifestyle, and so on. The conclusion of the paper brings the identification of potential graphic elements which can support the attractiveness of the analysed products, as well as suggestions for further proposals, including intercultural comparative studies, cultural differences and transfer of the know-how between different regions to support small and medium-sized producers of sheep's milk. Keywords: package, parenica, sheep milk, quality, tradition, culture Acknowledgements: The paper is a part of the research project APVV-16-0244 "Qualitative factors affecting the production and consumption of milk and cheese", solved at the Department of Marketing and Trade, Faculty of Economics and Management, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra.

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EFFECT OF RICINUS COMMUNIS ON PORCINE UTERINE MUSCLE’S CONTRACTILITY

Sushmita Nath*, Shaymaa Al-Majmaie, Lutfun Nahar, James Downing,

Kenneth J. Ritchie, Satyajit D. Sarker

Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Faculty of Science, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom; *Corresponding author: [email protected] / [email protected] Advancement of herbal fertility prophylactic is at the forefront for last five decades, still there is no ground-breaking discovery. In this context, Ricinus communis is a persuasive herb with ethnopharmacological reputation, but only its seeds received the major pharmacological attention. While the ancient Indian medication system, “Ayurveda” intensifies the stem bark as a potent ingredient. Additionally, tribes of Northeast India uses its stem bark as a locally applied contraceptive. To unveil the unexplored mechanism of action, we had conducted series of studies with stem bark extracts on porcine ovarian granulosa cells. Results showed promising efficacy the extracts to have regulatory potency in porcine ovarian granulosa cell functions, steroidogenesis and also effects Luteinizing Hormone (LH) activity. In connection with the earlier studies, the current work has been designed to observe the extracts’ efficacy on porcine uterine muscle’s contractility. Obtained data suggest the extract’s possible involvement in the membrane potency of the uterus. The extracts have been prepared using Soxhlet extraction. Following the process of reversed-phase solid-phase extraction, preparative reversed-phase HPLC and NMR spectroscopy, pure compound(s) are being isolated. Keywords: Ricinus communis, porcine, uterus, muscle contractility Acknowledgements: Authors are thankful to Commonwealth Commission of United Kingdom for the award of Rutherford Postdoctoral fellowship to S.Nath.

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ROUND-LEAF SUNDEW (DROSERA ROTUNDIFOLIA L.) CHITINASE EXPRESSION AND CHARACTERISATION IN BACTERIAL EXPRESSION SYSTEM

Miroslav Rajninec*, Jana Libantová, Martin Jopčík, Monika Frátriková,

Juraj Kleman

IPGB, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center SAS, Akademická 2, Nitra; *Corresponding author: [email protected] Enzymatic degradation of chitin molecules is accomplished by group of hydrolytic enzymes, chitinases. Depending on the type of chitinase involved in hydrolyzation of β-1,4-glycoside bonds in chitin molecule, N-acetylglucosamine products with variable chain lenght are produced. Some of the products of biodegradation of chitin polymer shown biochemical characteristic perspective for pharmaceutical utilization. Expression of chitinase in crop plants for increasing resistance against fytopatogens or enzymatic degradation of chitin waste are among other possible options of their usage. Carnivorous plants can be described as plants with ability to actively catch and digest prey, from which they are able to absorb nutritiens. Carnivorous plants chitinases play important role in decomposition of chitin molecules. Round-leaf sundew (Drosera rotundifolia L.), family Droseraceae, genus Drosera, shows strong chitinolytic activity during prey digestion. In this study, round-leaf sundew chitinase was cloned and successfully expressed in E. coli BL21-Codon+ (DE3)-RIPL expression strain. Isolation of purified chitinase enzyme was performed on Ni-NTA agarose by afinity chromatography. After purification, enzymatic activity and antifungal potential of recombinant protein was measured. Round-leaf sundew chitinase was expressed into insoluble inclusion bodies. To get the recombinant protein into soluble protein fraction some modifications concerning to induction temperatures and concentration of the IPTG inductor were tested. In addition, composition of lysis buffer has been modified with supplementation of detergents, Triton® X100, Tween® 20 and SDS, respectively. After these mofifications, protein was successfully obtained in soluble form. Sucessful Ni-NTA agarose purification of recombinant chitinase from soluble protein fraction was detected by SDS-PAGE. Enzymatic activity of protein was detected on glycol-chitin polyacrylamide gels. Protein activity was measured by fluorometric assay with the N-fluorescein-labeled chitin (FITC-chitin). Temperature optimum and pH optimum of chitinase was tested by measuring its hydrolytic activity against FITC-chitin. Antifungal activity of chitinase was tested on potato-dextrose agar (PDA) plates as inhibion of hyphal growth, and in potato-dextrose broth (PDB) by optical microscopy and by measurement of optical density at 595 nm. Antifungal activity of round-leaf sundew was detected against various microscopic filamentous fungi. Keywords: Drosera rotudifolia L., chitinase, E. coli expression Acknowledgements: This work was co-funded by a grant from the Slovak Grant Agency VEGA 2/0075/17and Research Centre AgroBioTech built in framework of European Community project Building Research Centre „AgroBioTech" ITMS 26220220180.

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GENE EXPRESSION OF CHEMERIN AND ITS RECEPTORS IN THE OVARY OF PIGS DURING THE OESTROUS CYCLE AND EARLY PREGNANCY

Edyta Rytelewska, Katarzyna Kisielewska, Marlena Gudelska, Marta Kieżun,

Kamil Dobrzyń, Karol Szeszko, Nina Smolińska, Barbara Kamińska, Kinga Bors, Joanna Wyrębek, Tadeusz Kamiński

Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland

The physiological mechanisms of the reproduction, energy homeostasis and immune response are closely related. It seems that one of factors involved in the regulation of all these processes is chemerin. Recent studies confirmed the participation of chemerin in the control of the female reproductive system, especially the ovaries. The presence of chemerin and its receptors (chemerin system) was found in the ovaries of women, rats and cows. It has been also shown that chemerin affects the ovarian steroidogenesis in these species. Due to a lack of data in pigs, one of the most important breeding species, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression levels of chemerin (RARRES2) and its receptors (CMKLR1, GPR1, CCRL2) genes in the porcine ovaries during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy. Corpora lutea or follicles were collected from gilts (n=5) on days 2 to 3 (early luteal phase - the formation of the corpus luteum), 10 to 12 (mid- -luteal phase - a fully functional corpus luteum), 14 to 16 (late luteal phase - the phase of luteolysis) and 17 to 19 (follicular phase) of the oestrous cycle, as well as on days 10 to 11 (migration of the embryos within the uterus), 12 to 13 (the maternal recognition of pregnancy), 15 to 16 (implantation) and 27 to 28 (end of implantation) of early pregnancy. Gene expression was analysed by real-time PCR. The relative genes expression were evaluated using the comparative 2-ΔΔCt method and normalized to the selected reference genes (18S rRNA and ubiquitin C genes). Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey's honest significant difference (Tukey's HSD) post hoc test. In this study, we have demonstrated, for the first time, gene expression of chemerin system components in the porcine ovary. During the oestrous cycle, the highest expression of RARRES2, CMKLR1 and GPR1 genes were noted on days 14 to 16, while the CCRL2 mRNA content was more pronounced on days 10 to 12 and 14 to 16 of the cycle. The lowest RARRES2 and CCRL2 gene expression was found in granulosa and theca interna cells on days 17 to 19, whereas the lowest GPR1 mRNA content was observed in granulosa cells on days 17 to 19 of the cycle. During early pregnancy, the highest RARRES2 gene expression was noted on days 12 to 13, while the lowest mRNA content was found on days 27 to 28. The CMKLR1 expression was more pronounced on days 12 to 13 and 15 to 16, whereas the lowest mRNA content of this gene was observed on day 10 to 11 of gestation. In the case of both GPR1 and CCRL2, the highest gene expression was noted on days 15 to 16, while the lowest mRNA content was found on days 10 to 11 and 12 to 13 of early pregnancy. Various genes expression levels may suggest that chemerin system is influenced by the hormonal status of animals (phase of the oestrous cycle/pregnancy). It is suggested that chemerin may participate in the regulation of pig reproductive system and this hormone may directly affect ovarian functions through the activation of chemerin receptors presented in the ovarian cells. Keywords: chemerin, ovary, pig, gene expression, oestrous cycle, early pregnancy Acknowledgments: This study has been supported by National Science Centre (projects no: 2015/17/B/NZ9/03595).

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FATTY ACID PROFILE OF RABBIT MEAT AFTER ZEOLITE ADMINISTRATION Tomáš Slanina1*, Ondřej Bučko2, Filip Tirpák1, Peter Herc1, Francesco Vizzarri3,

Peter Massányi1 1Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; 2Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; 3Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Via Francesco De Sanctis 1, 86100, Campobasso, Italy; *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Zeolites, mineral rocks of volcanic origin, are chemically hydrated alkali metal aluminosilicates and alkaline earth metals. The biological effects of the natural zeolite, such as adsorption, cation exchange and catalytic properties, are related to its unique structural characteristics, which are known as molecular sieves. The zeolite is relatively stable in animal digestive tract and can adsorb heavy metals, free radicals and toxins in body and afterwards excrete them. The use of zeolite as a feed additive to enhance performance is well established in poultry production, where the supplementation of this mineral in feed increases the quality of eggs. Zeolite as a feed supplement for other species could potentially improve feed utilization. It has been shown in many studies that the PUFA content in especially non-ruminants meat can be managed by the diet and in consequence may contribute to a reduction of the occurrence of some diseases. Rabbit meat is known for its quite low omega-6/omega-3 ratio due to its herbivorous diet. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of zeolite on fatty acids content in rabbit meat. Adult male rabbits of the Castorex breed (n=12) were divided into two groups: Control group (n=6) without addition of zeolite in feed and the experimental group (n=6) in which animals received zeolite daily in peroral form in concentration 0.2 g/kg of body weight. Experiment lasted for 12 weeks. The monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), saturated fatty acids (SFA), total omega-3 fatty acids, total omega-6 fatty acids and essential fatty acids were measured. The fatty acids profile was determinated in musculus longissimus dorsi (MLT) and musculus vastus lateralis (MVL) using the FT IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) method (Nicolet 6700) at the Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. Only slight changes in fatty acid profile of rabbit meat in MVL and MDL were observed however without significant differences (P≥0.05). Higher concentrations of omega-3, omega-6 and total essential fatty acids were detected in the experimental group in MVL compared to the control group. A nonsignificant decrease of omega-6 and essential fatty acids was observed in MDL in the experimental group in comparison with the control group. The results of this study showed that natural zeolite has not got significant negative effect on fatty acid profile of rabbit meat after 12 weeks of administration. On the base of these results zeolite could be used as a supplement in feed mixtures, not only in poultry industry, without potential risk.

Keywords: clinoptilolite, rabbits, feed, meat, fatty acids

Acknowledgments: This work was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contract no. APVV-16-0289 and projects VEGA 1/0539/18.

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CONTENT OF SELECTED RISK ELEMENTS IN WELL WATER

Radovan Stanovič*, Július Árvay, Daniel Bajčan, Tomáš Tóth, Ľuboš Harangozo Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, Nitra 94976, Slovak Republic; *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Environmental contamination has become one of the major societal problems. The deteriorated state of the environment with various degrees of devastation in individual regions is negatively implicated in the health status of the population and the quality of the ecosystem. Inorganic contaminants, especially potentially hazardous elements, are a serious problem in all environmental compartments. Heavy metals also belong to the priority inorganic contaminants. Many of them act toxic in the terrestrial ecosystem, even at low concentrations. Their toxicity consists of replacing essential metals in enzymes and other vital biomolecules, thereby inhibiting their functions. Heavy metals are very harmful because they are non-degradable and tend to accumulate in different parts of the body. Most of these are extremely toxic, very low concentrations can have harmful effects on humans and animals because there is no mechanism to remove them from the body. The region of Upper-Nitra is one of the seven regions in Slovakia with badly disrupted environment. This area is affected mainly by the mining of brown coal and lignite, that have a negative impact on the environment.Selected locality, municipality of Horné Lefantovce, is located 18 km north of Nitra and is situated at the foothills of the Tribeč Mountain. The village is located 3 km from the river Nitra, which is rated as very strong or heavily polluted due to anthropogenic activity. There were randomly selected 20 points for sampling. These are wells that people use in most cases to irrigate the gardens. The basic chemical parameters of the water quality were determined in the samples. One of these are lead and cadmium. The elements were analyzed by optical absorption spectroscopy (AAS), based on measurements of the absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range 190 - 850 nm by free atoms. This method is suitable for quantitative analysis of about sixty to seventy elements, predominantly metallic. The AAS Variant AA240FS was used to determine the content of individual elements in the samples of well water.Figure 2 shows the lead concentrations in individual samples of well water taken in Horné Lefantovce. According to valid legislation, the limit concentration of lead in drinking water is 0.01 mg.dm-3. This limit value was extremely exceeded in four samples. Figure 3 shows the cadmium concentrations in the individual samples of well water taken in Horné Lefantovce. According to the legislation in force, the limit concentration of cadmium in drinking water is 0.005 mg.dm-3. Five samples exceeded this limit value and in eight samples cadmium was not detected at all. The results show that four wells do not meet both the limit values of lead and cadmium at the same time and the water in them is not potable. The municipality is located in the region of Upper-Nitra, which is among the most affected environmnetal areas, therefore the content of risk elements in the water is increased. The river Nitra, which is only 3 km away, has a great impact because the risk elements get to the wells in measured area by the underground water flow.

Keywords: risk elements, spring water, environment, healt of human

Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the project VEGA 1/0147/17.

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INFLUENCE OF PITUITARY GONADOTROPINS, PROLACTIN AND GROWTH HORMONE ON EXPESSION OF AQP1 IN THE PORCINE OVARIAN FOLLICULAR

CELLS

D. Tański1*, Ł. Jaśkiewicz2

1Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, *[email protected]; 2Department of Human Physiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30, 10-082 Olsztyn, [email protected] Aquaporins (AQPs) are proteins integrated with the cell membranes that form selective channels to water and other molecules. Therefore, AQPs may play a significant role in regulation of water homeostasis in the reproductive system. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) on AQP1 expression in granulosa and theca cells in monolayers and co-cultures.Granulosa and theca cells were isolated from middle (n=5) and large (n=5) ovarian follicles of mature cross-bred gilts. The monolayer cell culture and co-cultures were incubated for 24 hours with experimental factors. Gene and protein expression of examined AQP1 in the ovarian follicles cells was evaluated by real-time PCR, Western blot and immunofluorescence, respectively. All numerical data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and least significant difference (LSD) post hoc test. The in vitro results demonstrated that treating granulosa cells from middle and large follicles with FSH increased expression of Aqp1 in in relation to control. In theca cells from middle follicles PRL stimulated the expression of Aqp1, also in large follicles LH induced expression of this aquaporin. AQP1 protein expression was significantly higher in granulose cells from middle and large follicles after FSH treatment compared with control. We observed that both GH in granulose cells and LH in theca cells stimulated AQP1 protein expression in large follicles. There were no significant differences of AQP1 concentration in theca cells from middle follicles after treatment with the experimental factors.AQP1 protein was observed in cytoplasm, endosoms and membrane of granulosa and theca cells from middle and large follicles in control conditions and after treatment with all studied factors. FSH, LH, PRL and GH hormones did not affect the translocation of AQP1 in all types of cells in relation to control. In co-cultures, increased expression of Aqp1 was observed in granulosa cells from middle follicles incubated with FSH compared to control, however in co-cultures of theca cells from middle-sized follicles LH and GH increased expression of this gene. Significantly increased expression of Aqp1 by GH was observed in co-cultures granulosa cells obtained from large follicles and in theca cells stimulated by LH. The findings of the present study provide interesting and novel insights into the regulation of AQP1 present in granulosa and theca cells of porcine ovarian follicles, suggest that pituitary gonadotropins, prolactin and growth hormone may mediate the action of AQP1. Keywords: aquaporin, ovarian cells, co-cultures Acknowledgements: This research was supported by Grants 2013/09/B/NZ9/03129 and 2016/21/B/NZ9/03535 from the National Science Center (NSC), Poland.

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THE CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM) AS A SOURCE OF MICROELEMENTS IN RATIONAL NUTRITION

Ivana Tirdiľová*, Alena Vollmannová

Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Department of Chemistry, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, SK-94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic; *Corresponding author: xtirdilova @uniag.sk

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is one of the most cultivated leguminous plants in terms of world production. The biggest producer of this leguminious plant is India. This legume has high demand due to its nutritional value. Deseas and other health complications, caused by lack of minerals, affect miliards of people all over the world. The chickpea has the potential to contribute to daily intake of microelements. Moreover, it can help mitigate malnutrition and improve the status of minerals of vulnerable population groups. The aim of the work was to observe the content of microelements (Zn, Cr, Cu, Mn and Ni) in 7 varieties of chickpea (Cicer arietinum), Krajiva z Kralovej, Maskovsky Bagovec, Businsky, Slovak, Beta, Alfa, Irenka and subsequently assessing the effect of the variety on the content of the microelements. Samples of plant material were gained from The Centre of Research of Plant Production in Piešťany. The content of microelements was determined by AAS method using VARIAN AA 240FS (Australia). The highest Cu and Zn content 13.83 mg. kg-1 and Zn 26.54 mg. kg-1 (respectively) was measured in variety Businsky and the lowest content Cu 4.01 mg. kg-1 in variety Irenka a Zn (18.31 mg. kg-1) in Beta. The determined Ni content was in interval 1.93 mg. kg-1 (Maskovsky Bakovec) to 3.71 mg. kg-

1 (Alfa). Even though the Codex Alimentarius of Slovak Repubic is not valid at present, this value exceeds the maximum permitted amount of Ni given by this legislation for legumes in the past. Although determined Ni content in varieties Alfa, Irenka, and Slovak exceeds the limit value by almost 24%, consumption of chickpea is not a significant toxic risk for humans due to the annual consumption of legumes, which in Slovakia is less than 2 kg per capita. In the Alfa variety, we measured the highest manganese value of 43.61 mg. kg-1 and Slovak the lowest manganese value 23.41 mg. kg-1. The highest Cr content 0.76 mg. kg-1 was measured in variety Alfa and the lowest content Cr 0.35 mg. kg-1 in variety Beta. Statistically significant differences were found between the tested chickpea (Cicer arietinum) varieties in Mn, Cr, Ni contents. Conversely, statistically significant differences between the chickpea varieties in Zn and Cu contents were not confirmed. From the point of view of the content of microelements, the most suitable variety is for consumption Alfa. Based on these results, it can be concluded that chickpea can be a suitable source of microelements in human nutrition. Due to its nutritional composition, the content of chemoprotective substances and low energy value it is also a suitable food for people with overweight, diabetic or celiac disease. Keywords: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum), microelements, nutrition Acknowledgements: This study was supported by the grant VEGA 1/0139/17.

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EFFECT OF TAURINE SUPPLEMENTATION TO CONVENTIONAL BOVINE INSEMINATION DOSES

Filip Tirpák1*, Eva Tvrdá1, Tomáš Slanina1, Marko Halo1, Renáta Mamráková1,

Peter Massányi1

1Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; *Corresponding author: [email protected] The phenomenon of these days, often discussed over in both laic and scientific societies, is the negative impact of free radicals on cells or more precisely on organism itself. The presence of free radicals in cryoconservated insemination doses is fairly high. As the source of free radicals may be considered medium components or spermatozoa itself for which metabolism and utilization of oxygen is essential. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) takes part also in specific processes associated with successful fertilization. Taurine, is well known for its cytoprotective and antioxodative effects. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of taurine (200 mM; Taurine ≥ 99%, Sigma Aldrich, Bratislava, Slovakia) cryoconservated semen of six different breeding bulls. Taurine was added to conventional egg yolk extender (egg yolk, Tris, citric acid, fructose, aqua pro injection, Linco-Spectin®, Norostrep®). Insemination doses containing only egg yolk extender were considered to be the control (FK). Throughout the experiment, emphasis was especially put on antioxidative activity (ROS, MDA, NBT) and cell properties (motility and mitochondrial activity). Luminometric quantification of ROS demonstrates higher antioxidative activity in experimental samples (FT), however with no significance. Level of malondialdehyde, product of lipid peroxidation, was significantly (P<0.01) lower in FT than in control sample (FK). Production of superoxide radical was assessed by NBT test. O2●- was highly produced (P<0.01) in FK than in FT. Results of CASA analysis, carried out in four time intervals, had in all observed parameters (MOT, PRO, VCL) decreasing tendency based on raising time of incubation. However, insemination doses with addition of taurine showed higher motility, progressive motility and velocity of spermatozoa in comparison with FK samples. Afterwards, all analyses associated with antioxidative stress reflected high antioxidative activity of taurine. Also, significantly improved spermatozoa properties in comparison with conventional insemination doses were detected. The overall effect on fertilization success rate was better in taurine treated samples but lacked the statistical significance. Keywords: taurine, sperm, cryoconservation, antioxidant, insemination Acknowledgements: This work was funded by the Slovak Research and Development Agency Grants no. VEGA 1/0539/18, VEGA 1/0760/15, APVV-16-0289 and APVV-15-0544.

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EFFECT OF GRAPE POMACE ADDITION ON FARINOGRAPHIC AND EXTENSOGRAPHIC PROPERTIES OF WHEAT DOUGH

Marián Tokár1*, Iva Burešová2, Helena Frančáková1, Attila Kantor1,

Štefan Dráb1, Eva Ivanišová1

1Department of Plant Products Storing and Processing, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; 2Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Vavrečkova 275, 762 72 Zlín, Czech Republic; *Corresponding author: [email protected] In accordance with the latest EU waste management principles, wasteless technologies are searched preferably. Based on knowledge of nutritional benefits and volume of grape pomace production as a secondary waste product in wine technology, a special attention is paid to its effective use in the agricultural and food sector in recent years. One of possibilities could be the use of grape pomace incorporated into bakery products. Besides the nutritional point of view, it is very important to characterize the technological quality of flour and dough using rheological devices. The aim of this experimental work was to characterize the rheological properties of wheat flour and dough with 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 9% of Cabernet Sauvignon grape pomace addition based on the farinographic and extensographic evaluation. Based on results obtained by observing the rheological properties of tested dough, it can be stated that the addition of Cabernet Sauvignon grape pomace improved the farinographic properties of dough, what could be seen in prolongation of dough stability, decrease of softening degree and increase of farinograph quality number. Addition of Cabernet Sauvignon grape pomace to wheat flour caused that the water absorption slight decreased with higher addition of Cabernet Sauvignon grape pomace. The extensographic evaluation revealed that the dough with increased addition of Cabernet Sauvignon grape pomace considerably changed character from plastic (extensibility) to elastic even up to firmness properties during 45, 90 and 135 minutes proving times.Based on the rheological evaluation, we can conclude that the addition of Cabernet Sauvignon grape pomace to wheat flour is suitable for use in bread making from technological point of view but the highest recommended addition is 7%. Keywords: grape pomace, rheology, dough

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GRASS PEA (LATHYRUS SATIVUS L.) AS AN ALTERNATIVE FOOD RAW MATERIAL

Alena Vollmannová*, Janette Musilová, Judita Bystrická, Ivana Tirdiľová

Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; *Corresponding author: [email protected] Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) has a long history in agriculture. It was first domesticated some 7000 – 8000 years ago in eastern Mediterranean region and had a history in southern parts of Europe, North Africa and across Asia. It serves a variety of purposes including food, feed and fodder, owing in part to its nutritive qualities. Content of average 25% of proteins and only 2.2% of lipids in grass pea designates it as the dietary food raw material. Grass pea has a good potential as a functional food to improve health conditions associated with cardiovascular disease, hypoxia, and hypertension. But the excessive consumption of grass pea can lead to a neurological disorder lathyrism in humans due to the presence of a neurotoxin [β-N-oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (ODAP)] which is also known as β-N-oxalyl-amino-L-alanine (BOAA). However, it is safe, when it is eaten occasionally. The aim of this study was to determine the contents of macro and microelements, the total polyphenol content and the total antioxidant capacity in three grass pea cultivars Arida, Krajová z Kráľovej a Čachtický cícer. Contents of macro and microelements were determined by AAS method using AAS Varian AA Spectr DUO 240FS/240Z/UltrAA, Hg content was determined using AMA 254. A spectrophotometric method was used for the determination of total polyphenol content (using the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent) and total antioxidant capacity (using DPPH). The determined contents of K, Na, Ca, Mg and P in observed grass pea were in intervals 7546 – 8365, 466 – 599, 1544 – 2966, 795 – 853 and 3633 – 5447 mg.kg-1 d.w. (respectively). The highest macroelement contents were measured in Čachtický cícer. The influence of grass pea cultivar was confirmed also in microelement contents. The Mn and Fe contents were in intervals 9.90 – 11.10 and 55.90- 58.40, the determined Cu and Zn contents 9.90 – 11.40 and 33.40 – 35.70 mg.kg-1 d.w. respectively. Chromium and cobalt contents were similar in all three grass pea cultivars (average 0.2 and 1.0 mg.kg-1 d.w., resp.). Nickel content exceeded the hygienic limit 3.0 mg.kg-1 in two cultivars (Arida and Krajová z Kráľovej) by 7% and 10%. Also the maximum allowed amount of Pb (0.2 mg.kg-1) was in all investigated grass pea cultivars 2.5 even 4 fold higher. The determined Cd and Hg contents were below the hygienic limits (0.03 – 0.1 and 0.001 – 0.002 mg.kg-1 d.w., resp.). These results indicate that grass pea could accumulate significant amounts of Ni and Pb. The determined total polyphenol content was in interval 281 – 344 mg GAE.kg-1, while the highest one was determined in Čachtický cícer and the lowest one in Arida cultivar. The highest value of total antioxidant capacity was measured in Arida cultivar (6.9%), in other two cultivars the determined TAC was similar (average 4.6%). These results indicate that Lathyrus sativus L. could be a good source of microelements, especially Zn and Cu contents, which are in grass pea present in higher amounts compared to other legumes. On the other hand, the TPC as well as TAC values are in grass pea lower. Despite of these facts, the grass pea is considered as alternative food plant for sustainable food production due to limited water requirement and drought tolerance. Keywords: grass pea, macroelements, microelements, polyphenols, antioxidant capacity Acknowledgments: This study was supported by grants VEGA 1/0139/17, VEGA 1/0114/18 and KEGA 015SPU-4/2016.

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THE EFFECT OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD EXPOSURE ON THE SYNTHESIS AND SECRETION OF ANDROSTENEDIONE IN THE MYOMETRIUM IN THE PRESENCE OF

PROGESTERONE

Ewa M. Waszkiewicz1, Wiktoria Kozlowska1, Anna Koziorowska2, Anita Franczak1

1Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]; 2Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, [email protected]

An electromagnetic field (EMF) is a state of expanse altering the biological processes in living organisms. Previously, we have determined that the exposition to EMF of uterine tissues collected from pigs during the mid-luteal phase of the oestrous cycle alters the oestrogens release and affects the CYP19 mRNA expression. Therefore, it is interesting whether the uterine tissues collected during the peri-implantation period are sensitive to EMF exposure, specifically, that at this time the proper uterine activity and intrauterine hormonal milieu (including progesterone (P4)) are crucial for early pregnancy maintenance and development. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of EMF exposure (2 and 4h, 50 and 120 Hz, 8mT) on in vitro androstenedione (A4) release and 3βHSD mRNA expression in myometrial slices collected from pigs during the peri-implantation period (days 15-16) and incubated in the presence of P4. The myometrial tissue fragments (95-105 mg) were first preincubated (M199, 0.1% BSA, 1% antibiotics, 95% O2, 5% CO2, 37 ºC, 2h) and then incubated in vitro in the presence of P4 (10-5M), which serves as substrate for synthesis of other steroid hormones and exposed to EMF (2 and 4h) at 50 Hz or 120 Hz. Control slices were not exposed to EMF. After the incubation in vitro, myometrial slices were used for RNA extraction (n = 3) followed by cDNA synthesis and 3βHSD mRNA expression analysis (Real-Time PCR). Culture media (n = 5) were used for determination of A4 concertation (RIA). The effect of EMF exposure on 3βHSD mRNA expression and A4 concentration were compared using one-way ANOVA (STATISTICA).The expression of 3βHSD mRNA was significantly decreased in slices incubated for 2h at 50 Hz vs. control group. After 4h of exposition the effect of EMF on 3βHSD mRNA expression in the myometrium was not observed. After 2h of incubation myometrial slices released equal amounts of A4 despite the EMF exposition. After 4h of incubation, myometrial slices released higher amounts of A4 when incubated at 120 Hz, while the lower frequency of EMF (50 Hz) did not alter the A4 release. In conclusion, the short exposition (2h) to EMF at 50 Hz induces the decrease in the expression of 3βHSD mRNA, which encodes the enzyme involved in the A4 synthesis. Longer exposition to EMF (4h) at 120 Hz results in increased A4 release. The observed effects are not time and frequency specific. Future studies are needed to determine the effect of EMF exposure on all elements of steroidogenic pathway in the uterus. Keywords: electromagnetic field, myometrium, androstenedione, 3βHSD Acknowledgements: The study was funded by National Science Centre, Poland, grant nr: 2017/25/B/NZ9/00090

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PRODUCTION OF INTERLEUKINS AFTER AMYGDALIN TREATMENT IN HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS

Katarína Zbyňovská*, Marek Halenár, Hana Greifová, Tomáš Jambor,

Adriana Kolesárová, Norbert Lukáč

Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Many studies have reported that amygdalin - cyanogenic glycoside, can be effectively used for prevention and treatment of various diseases [1]. Zymosan has been used in many experiments as inflammation enhancer [2]. In this in vitro study the human endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to different concentrations of amygdalin (1, 10, 100, 1000, 10 000 µg/mL) alone or in combination with 10 µg/mL of zymosan to investigate the impact on the cell viability and production of pro-inflammatory interleukins 6 (IL-6) and -8 (IL-8) after 24h of cultivation. The cells were cultured at 37 °C in M199 supplemented with FBS, ECGS, L-glutamine, heparin and antibiotics (penicillin and streptomycin) in an atmosphere of 5 % CO2. The cells were seeded in 96-well plates (1 x 104 cells per well) and after 24 h plating, the cells were treated with the substances for 24 h. The mitochondrial activity and viability of cells was detected by the metabolic (MTT) assay. IL-6 and IL-8 were analysed in culture media using commercial ELISA Kit (Invitrogen™, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA). The viability of cells was not significantly affected by treatment with amygdalin alone or in combination with zymosan in all experiments. Zymosan alone caused significantly higher production of IL-6 and IL-8 in HUVEC cells (p<0.001) in comparison with the control group. Amygdalin was able to inhibit this effect of zymosan in the highest concentration used in experiment where production of IL-8 was significantly lower (p<0.001) when compared to the control group, and production of IL-6 was lower in comparison with the control group however without significant differences. In the other experimental groups where we used amygdalin in concentrations 1, 10, 100 and 1000 µg/mL in combination with zymosan, the production of IL-8 was significantly higher in comparison with the control group, but lower in comparison with the experimental group where only zymosan was added. The similar situation was observed in IL-6 production. Significantly higher concentration of this interleukin was observed in experimental group where amygdalin in concentration 10 µg/mL was added. In experimental groups where we added only amygdalin without zymosan, IL-8 was significantly lower in all experimental groups in comparison to the control group, and IL-6 was significantly lower in groups with 100, 1000 and 10 000 µg/mL of amygdalin in comparison with the control group. Based on our results, we can confirm that the HUVECs are sensitive to the influence of zymosan in concentration 10 µg/mL by production of pro-inflammatory interleukins IL-6 and IL-8 without effect to viability of cells, and amygdalin may be able to inhibit these effects caused by zymosan. Amygdalin alone could have effect on production of IL-6 and IL-8 in health HUVEC cells. Keywords: amygdalin, zymosan, interleukins, endothelial cells, cell viability Acknowledgements: This work was financially supported by the projects APVV 15-0543, APVV-0304-12, VEGA 1/0039/16, KEGA 009SPU-4/2017 and European Community under project no. 26220220180: Building Research Centre „AgroBioTech". References [1] Zhou, C. G., Qian, L., Ma, H., Yu, X., Zhang, Y., Qu, W., Zhang, X., Xia, W. Carbohydr Polym 90 (2012) 516-523

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Book of Abstracts

Editors:

Vladimíra Kňazovická, Katarína Zbyňovská, Dominik Hollý, Adriana Kolesárová

Publisher:

Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra

Edition: First

Number of copies: 130

Not edited in Publishing Center of SUA in Nitra.

ISBN 978‐80‐552‐1874‐8

History of the Smolenice Castle · History of the Smolenice Castle The first written documents about the existence of Smolenice date back to the 13th century, although its origin

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