History of the Ancient and Medieval World Walsingham Academy Mrs. McArthur Room 111 Walsingham Academy Mrs. McArthur Room 111 Staging Absolutism Louis.

History of the Ancient and Medieval World

History of the Ancient and Medieval World

Walsingham Academy

Mrs. McArthur

Room 111

Walsingham Academy

Mrs. McArthur

Room 111

Staging AbsolutismLouis XIV and Versailles

Staging AbsolutismLouis XIV and Versailles

The Renaissance

The VoyagesOf Discovery

The Reformation

The Scientific Revolution

The New Monarchies

Emerging Nation States Foundation of Modern Europe

Emerging Nation States Foundation of Modern Europe

The New MonarchiesThe New Monarchies• Machiavelli’s view of the successful ruler

– The prince: agent of change in state formation

– The need for unity, security and prosperity

• “How to” model: Absolutism emerges on continent

The monarch must break feudal ties to past

• What to look for in the successful state

The New Monarchies (cont.)

The New Monarchies (cont.)

• Church and nobility subordinated to monarch

• Bureaucracy to supervise royal policies

• Royal system of justice

• Royal monopoly on military power

• Dependable and adequate source of income

Winners and losers in the modern Europe

Impact of Reformation A tale of 3 countries (review)

Impact of Reformation A tale of 3 countries (review)

• England– Act of Supremacy (1534)– Elizabethan Settlement

• Holy Roman Empire– Thirty Years’ War– Peace of Westphalia (1648)

– Rise of Prussia & Austria

• France– Civil War– Edict of Nantes (1598)

St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre: 1572

France in the 16th CenturyFrance in the 16th Century

• Francis I (Renaissance arrives, along with Leonardo)

• Henry II (Diane de Poitiers vs. Catherine de Medici)• Killed in a tournament, power vacuum • 3 weak sons wrestle for control with “help” from mom

• Civil War• St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre• 3 Henrys• Henry IV converts (“Paris is worth a mass!” - Paris vaut bien une

messe.)

• Edict of Nantes (1598)• Document of Religious Toleration (Band-Aid)• State trumps Religion (Politique)

France: Model Absolutist State The Great Monarchs

France: Model Absolutist State The Great Monarchs

• Henry IV with Sully (1589-1610)

• Louis XIII with Richelieu (1610-1643)

• Louis XIV with Mazarin and then sole rule (1643-1715)

Cardinal Richelieu

The ChallengesThe ChallengesRebuilding France after disastrous religious civil war of 16th century:

(Henry IV and Sully))

“a chicken in every pot”

“Cultivation and pasturage are the mother’s milk of France.”

Centralizing and expanding government functions: civil service (including tax collection,) justice, military.

Breaking feudal ties to extend royal power

Forging a French cultural identity; replacing regional loyalties with national ones: language, religion.

Revocation of Edict of Nantes, 1685

“One King, One Law, One Faith”

Creating an ideological basis for royal absolute rule:

“Princes are gods.” (Bossuet articulates “Divine Right” view of Kingship)

“I am the State.” (Louis XIV)

Assignment 1: due Tues., 5/24Assignment 1: due Tues., 5/24

•Read text, pp 510-514

•Identify new terms

•Answer 4 Checkpoint Questions.

•Study the graphic organizer on next slide

"Louis XIV, 1673," by Pierre Mignard. representing Louis in terms of martial

and classical glory.

Assignment 2: due Wed., 5/25Assignment 2: due Wed., 5/25

Answer thematic questions:

•Biography, pp 511,

•Primary Source, pp 512

•Infographic, pp 513

Louis as the sun(See NotesPage)

Louis as the sun(See NotesPage)

Versailles: “Theater of Power”Versailles: “Theater of Power”

All nobles required to spend time there. The palace housed royal family and their 5,000 servants, 1,000 nobles

and their 4,000 servants. (9,000 soldiers as well as thousands more artisans and civil servants lived in the town.)

Selected nobles allowed to participate in the carefully-orchestrated rituals intended to manipulate and control.

Demonstration of the power and benevolence of the monarch Display legitimizes the monarch’s power while underlining the oneness

with God and the State.

Civil Servants run an increasingly bureaucratic state.

Life at VersaillesLife at VersaillesWhy did Louis structure life at Versailles around

rituals and extravagant events?

Assignment 3: due Thurs./Fri., 5/26/7Assignment 3: due Thurs./Fri., 5/26/7

• Review for exam: Consult SPA• Prepare any questions for class discussion • Extra-Credit performances

Expansion of FranceFrom Renaissance to Revolution

Expansion of FranceFrom Renaissance to Revolution

ImagesImages

of Absolutismof Absolutism

Louis’ signature

Louisas Roman Emperor