History of the Ancient and Medieval World The Byzantine Empire Walsingham Academy Mrs. McArthur Room 111.

History of the Ancient and Medieval World

The Byzantine Empire

History of the Ancient and Medieval World

The Byzantine Empire

Walsingham Academy

Mrs. McArthur

Room 111

“Heirs” to Rome“Heirs” to RomeWhat emerged from the Roman Empire?

1. Byzantine Empire (East Rome, Greeks)

2. Islam

3. Germanic Kingdoms

I. Plot 8 of 9 elements on map• Bosporus• Constantinople• Asia Minor• Jerusalem• Dardanelles

• Aegean Sea• Black Sea• Balkan peninsula• Rome

II. Identify and explain the importance of the heavy black

line on map.

Constantine Creates a “New Rome”

Roman emperor Constantine rebuilt Byzantium, a trading port on the Bosporus

strait, and named it Constantinople. It became the “New Rome” and its empire

was the Byzantine Empire. This civilization blended ancient Greek, Roman, and

Christian influences with other Mediterranean traditions.

The Byzantine Empire, Russia, and Eastern EuropeSection 1: The Byzantine Empire

Witness History Audio: A Sovereign City

Color Transparency 52: Byzantine Art Note Taking Transparency 84

Witness History Video: The Byzantine Empire

Byzantium Flourishes Under Justinian

Under emperor Justinian, the Byzantine empire reached its peak and

included North Africa, Italy, and the southern Iberian peninsula.

Constantinople was rebuilt after a fire and became a grand city, with its

jewel being the church of Hagia Sophia. Justinian also revised and

organized the laws of ancient Rome into Justinian’s Code, which he used

to unify the empire. Byzantium’s economy and military grew to be among

the strongest in the world.

The Byzantine Empire, Russia, and Eastern EuropeSection 1: The Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Christianity

Byzantine Christians rejected the pope’s authority and clergy had the right to

marry. Greek became the language of the Church and the main holy day was

Easter. In the 700s, a Byzantine emperor outlawed the worshiping of icons. That

and other controversies caused a split between eastern and western Christianity.

The Byzantine Empire, Russia, and Eastern EuropeSection 1: The Byzantine Empire

Color Transparency 53: Byzantine Icon

Color Transparency 51: Major Religions, About 1300

Geography Interactive: Byzantine Empire to 1000

The Empire Suffers Crisis and Collapse

When local lords gained more power within the empire, its enemies saw

weakness. Whole regions were conquered. The First Crusade was an effort to

defeat the Seljuk Turks who had closed access to Jerusalem. Later Western

crusades also turned on Constantinople. The Ottomans finally took the city and

renamed it Istanbul.

The Byzantine Empire, Russia, and Eastern EuropeSection 1: The Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Heritage

For 1,000 years Byzantine culture had brought together Christian religious beliefs

with Greek science, philosophy, arts, and literature. Byzantine art, such as the

mosaics of biblical scenes, influenced later Western styles.

The Byzantine Empire, Russia, and Eastern EuropeSection 1: The Byzantine Empire

Color Transparency 54: Rise and Decline of the Byzantine Empire

QuickTake Section Quiz

Progress Monitoring Transparency

Color Transparency 52: Byzantine Art

Note Taking Transparency 84

The Byzantine Empire, Russia, and Eastern Europe: Section 1

Color Transparency 53: Byzantine Icon

The Byzantine Empire, Russia, and Eastern Europe: Section 1

Color Transparency 51: Major Religions, About 1300

The Byzantine Empire, Russia, and Eastern Europe: Section 1

Color Transparency 54: Rise and Decline of the Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire, Russia, and Eastern Europe: Section 1Progress Monitoring Transparency (1 of 2)

The Byzantine Empire, Russia, and Eastern Europe: Section 1Progress Monitoring Transparency (2 of 2)

1. Complete map

2. Read text, pp. 282, 283, 285.

3. Take notes following directions and sample, bottom of pp 282, Note Taking.

4. Identify terms: Constantinople, Justinian, Theodora, Justinian’s Code, autocrat

Assignment 1 (due 1/3)Assignment 1 (due 1/3)

Jan. 2-4: Check SCA on SPA and report any discrepancies: Last Chance before finalizing Term 2 grades! Jan. 4-8: Homework Exam Study PeriodJan. 7-8: In-Class Review TimeJan. 9: Semester Exam

Assignment 2 (due 1/4)Assignment 2 (due 1/4)

1. Read pp. 284, and sections: Byzantine Christianity and The Empire Suffers Crisis and Collapse, pp. 285-287 of your text.

2. Identify terms: patriarch, icon, Great Schism

3. Complete Note Taking Chart

4. Map Skills: pp 286

Jan. 2-4: Check SCA on SPA and report any discrepancies: : Last Chance before finalizing Term 2 grades! Jan. 4-8: Homework Exam Study PeriodJan. 7-8: In-Class Review TimeJan. 9: Semester Exam

In Summary: Contemporary TestimonyIn Summary: Contemporary Testimony

Location, Location, Location: An asset becomes a liability

Read Sozeman’s account of “The City,” pp 283.

1. From what you’ve learned what difference did location make?

2. How does he describe the city?

3. How could such a location become a liability in the later period?

Justinian Reforms Roman Law

Why is this one of Byzantium’s most important legacies?

1. How did the Byzantine Empire get its name?

2. How did Constantinople get its name?

3. What 5 things protected the city?

4. What was Greek Fire?

5. What church strengthened the empire and how?

6. Explain two factors that divided the Churches of Rome and Constantinople

7. Name the title of the major leaders of each church.

8. Who was Justinian?

9. Explain why Justinian is remembered as the greatest Byzantine emperor.

Question 1Question 1

Explain what is meant when the term byzantine is applied to politics?

What is the historical origin of this meaning?

Question 2Question 2

In what ways did geography promote the success of Constantinople?

Question 3Question 3

Why is Justinian considered to be the Byzantine Empire’s most important emperor? What were his short-term and long-term accomplishments?