History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu Ancient Indian Religious Systems Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism
Dec 18, 2015
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
Ancient Indian Religious Systems
Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
Hinduism
The meaning of the term Hindu.
Vedic rituals and the origin of Hindu religious system.
Synthesis of Vedic Aryan practices and non Aryan local cults.
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
4. Hinduism
Aryan Household keeping sacred hearth.
Elaborate ritualistic celebration of the sacrifices to pacify Gods and Goddesses.
The new concept of hell and heaven.
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
Hinduism
The gradual evolution of the notion of Karma or action and the theory of life cycle or rebirth.
The notion of cyclical time
A)Satya B) Treta C)Dwapar D) Kali
Question/Order
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
Hinduism
1. Rising powers of Brahmans or Priests.
2. Growing rigidity of caste system.
3. Institutionalized religion as an expression of more sedentary society and organized state power.
Question/Order
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
Upanishad and origins of Buddhism
The idea of cosmic soul (Bramha) and individual soul (atman).
Liberation from endless birth cycle through meditation and renunciation of life.
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
Ideal life for an ancient Person
Childhood Bramhacharya or period
of learning Garhasthya or period of
Household life Banaprastha
Renouncing life for meditation in forest
Sanayas_ renouncing life.
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
Buddha and Buddhism
The meaning of Buddha – enlightened.
Life of Buddha-Goutam Sidhartha.
Protracted meditation and the realization of the way to salvation.
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
Buddha and Buddhism
Sermon of the turning of wheel.
Four Noble Truths A) The existence of
impermanence. B) The arising of suffering
because of craving. C) The cessation of
suffering D) The middle way, or
the noble eightfold path.
Four Boundless States
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
The middle way, or the noble eightfold path
Noble Eightfold Path Right View. Right Thought. Right Speech. Right Action. Right Livelihood Right Effort. Right Mindfulness. Right Contemplation
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
Buddha and Buddhism
Preaching in the language of common people-Pali
Excoriation of religious rituals.
Opposition to the rigidity of Caste system.
Support of wealthy trading castes
Low caste dasas and candalas.
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
Buddha and Buddhism
Dhamma Sangha Bodhisattvas Mahayana Hinayana
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
Jainism
Life of Mahavira. The path of salvation
through austere ascetic life.
Monasteries as the source of organization structure of Jainism.
Rejection of caste system.
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
Jainism
Support of businessmen.
Connection between monks and laity
Continuous living tradition.
Extreme non violence.
Digambaras and Shetambaras.
History of South Asia Ancient India Prof. Subho Basu
Salvation of women
Restrictions on ordination of women.
Near impossibility of women to attain salvation.
Jainism recognizes diverse forms of sexuality and argues the possibility of direct salvation of women.