History of Research Project on CCA-Treated Wood Presented August 18, 2005 TAG Meeting.

History of Research Project on CCA-Treated Wood

Presented August 18, 2005TAG Meeting

Funding Received from

Florida Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste Mngt.

Florida Power and LightSarasota County & Town of Medley/

Florida Department of Environmental Protection

Florida International University/NIEHSRutgers University/NIEHS

U.Miami/NIEHSUniversity of Florida FCES Center/NSF

Public Health Trust, CA

Helena Solo-Gabriele, Ph.D., P.E., Timothy Townsend, Ph.D.

Professor, Civil/Environ. Engrg Assoc. Prof., Environ/Solid Waste Engrg

Core Team of Faculty Researchers

Gabriel Bitton, Ph.D. David Hahn, Ph.D.

Professor, Env. Micro/Tox Assoc. Prof., Mechanical – Laser

Yong Cai, Ph.D. Stuart Shalat, Sc.D.

Assoc. Prof., Chemistry Assoc. Prof., Epidemiology/Pesticides

Lora Fleming, M.D., Ph.D. C.Y. Wu, Ph.D.

Professor., Epidemiology/MPH Assist. Prof., Env. Engineering/Air

Additional Faculty Researchers

Helena Solo-Gabriele, Ph.D., P.E., C.Y. Wu, Ph.D.

Assoc. Prof., Civil/Environ. Engrg Assoc. Prof., Environ/Air Pollution Control Engineering

Tim Townsend, Ph.D., P.E. Tim Townsend, Ph.D., P.E.

Assoc. Prof., Environ/Solid Waste Engrg Assoc. Prof., Environ/Solid Waste Engrg

Today’s Meeting

Joint Meeting

Approx. 32 Students Supported on CCA Projects Since Beginning

of Project

Today’s Student Presenters

Colleen Block, B.S. candidate from U.MiamiBrajesh Dubey, Ph.D. candidate from U.FloridaGary Jacobi, M.S. candidate from U.MiamiAnadi Misra, M.S. candidate from U.FloridaAmy Omae, M.S. candidate from U.MiamiTomoyuki “Shiba” Shibata, Ph.D. candidate from U.Miami

Guest Speakers

Claire Cornillier, CTBA, Technical Centre for  Wood  and Furniture, Bordeaux, France

Harvey Schneider, President, Florida Wood Recycling

Medley, FL

John Schert, Executive Director, Florida Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste Mgt. and Florida Center for Environmental Solutions, Gainesville, FL

History of Research Activities

Original Motivation For Project

Ash Disposal Problem, 1995

FCSHWM Year 1 (1996-1997)

Year 1: C&D Wood Testing

Processed Wood at C&D Recycling Facilities

6% CCA by Weight

Year 1: Disposal Forecast

0

500

1000

1500

20001

96

0

19

80

20

00

20

20

20

40

20

60

20

80

21

00

21

20

21

40

21

60

21

80

22

00

22

20

22

40

22

60

22

80

Year

Ma

ss

Le

ac

he

d (

me

tric

to

ns

)

Leaching During Disposal

Disposed in Wood

Leached During In-Service Use

Production (Updated 2005)

As

0

500

1000

1500

2000

19

60

19

80

20

00

20

20

20

40

20

60

20

80

21

00

21

20

21

40

21

60

21

80

22

00

22

20

22

40

22

60

22

80

Year

Ma

ss

Le

ac

he

d (

me

tric

to

ns

)

Leaching During Disposal

Disposed in Wood

Leached During In-Service Use

Production

0

10

20

30

40

50

1960

2000

2100

2200

2300

2400

2500

2600

2700

2800

2900

3000

3100

3200

3300

3400

3500

3600

3700

3800

3900

4000

4100

Year

Mas

s L

each

ed (

met

ric

ton

s)

C&D

Monofill

MSW Slower Rate of Release but More Concentrated

As

FCSHWM Year 2 (1997-1998)

Year 2: Ash Leaching Studies

Leaching Studies, ash Hazardous when CCA-treated

wood represents 5% of wood burned

Solvents can extract metals from ash, citric acid very promising (40 to 100% As removed)

Year 2: Sorting

Sorting Studies, Laboratory Chemical stains, low capital cost

labor intensive

X-ray methods, high capital costsuitable for on-line system

Untreated Treated

Outline of Work Since 1999 In-Service Issues

Impacts on Soil Runoff and Infiltration* (NIEHS funding) Playgrounds and Children* (NIEHS funding)

Disposal Leaching New and Weathered Wood Chemical Alternatives to CCA Sorting Methods* (FDEP/Medley) Mulch Studies* (FCSHWM)

In-Service: Soil Impacts

In Service: Soil Impacts

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Arsenic Concentration (mg/kg)

Experimental Set-up

sandy soil, 2 ft

deck

gravel

rainwater runoff collection vessel

Infiltrating rainwater

precipitation

Disposal

Leaching New and Weathered Wood Chemical Alternatives to CCA Sorting Methods* Mulch Studies*

Leaching of CCA-Treated Wood

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

TCLP SPLP EPTOX WET

As

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

mg

/L)

Sawdust

Chipped Wood

5 20-g Blocks

100-g Block

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q

As

(m

g/l

)

New Wood Used Wood

TCLPLimit

Leaching of CCA-Treated Wood

TCLP

Field-Scale Leaching2 Monofills / 2 C&D / 2 MSW

Untreated(As mg/L)

Treated(As mg/L)

Wood Monofill (100% wood)

< 0.02 5 – 43

C&D Waste(34% wood)

<0.06 0.4 – 1.8

MSW(2% wood)

< 0.7 0.4 – 2.3

Chemical Alternatives: Leaching

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

CCA-1 CCA-2 ACQ CBA CC CDDC

Co

pp

er

Co

nce

ntr

ati

on

(m

g/L

)

SPLPSynthetic Rainfall

Chemical Alternatives: Aquatic Toxicity

LessToxic

0.1

1

10

100

1 10 100 1000Copper Concentration (mg/L)

EC

50 (

%)

EC50 Cu = 3.8 mg/l

EC50 Cu = 0.076 mg/l

MicrotoxRegression Line

R2 = 0.307CCA

CDDC

CBA

ACQ

CC

Laser

x-ray

Untreated Treated Test Kits

x-ray

x-ray

Sorting

Work Products

8 FCSHWM reports, Finalized (available on-line) 1 FCSHWM reports, Draft (available on-line) 2 FCSHWM reports, Pending

13 peer-reviewed journal articles published,

2 accepted, and 3 submitted Plus approx 40 conference proceedings and other

papers

Questions?

technical reports available at:

www.ccaresearch.org under the “publications” link

[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]