History of Psychology W. Jeffrey Wilson Outline Dualism & Monism Nativism Empiricism Structuralism Gestalt Psychology Functionalism Behaviorism Psychodynamic Approach Humanism Cognitive Psychology Evolutionary Psychology Biological Psychology History of Psychology W. Jeffrey Wilson January 2018 “Without education we are in a horrible and deadly danger of taking educated people seriously.” – Gilbert Keith Chesterton [L A T E X in use – a Microsoft- & PowerPoint-free presentation]
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History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
History of Psychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
January 2018
“Without education we are in a horrible and deadly danger of taking educated people seriously.”
– Gilbert Keith Chesterton
[LATEX in use – a Microsoft- & PowerPoint-free presentation]
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
Psychodynamic Approach
Humanism
Cognitive Psychology
Evolutionary Psychology
Biological Psychology
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
Dualism & Monism
I Dualism: Two kinds of stuff; Mind separate from brain.I Majority of people accept this.I Puts mind out of reach of science.
I Monism: There is only the natural world.I Position of science.I Allows study of mind as product of brain.
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
Descartes: Nativist
I Interative dualism opened door for study of mind.
I Nativism: Innate knowledge & abilities
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
British Empiricists
I All knowledge & ability come through experience
I Locke: Tabula rasa
I Nature–Nurture Controversy
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
Structuralism
I Influenced by chemistry’s periodic table
I Building blocks of the mind
I Wundt: First laboratory of psychology (1879)
I Failed
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
Gestalt Psychology
I Wertheimer
I Mental activity cannnot be broken down
I Sensation & perception
I Right about lots; wrong about innateness
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
Functionalism
I Influenced by evolutionary theory
I Examine adaptive value of behavior
I Profound influence on most modern psychology
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
Behaviorism
I John Watson
I Focus on observables
I S–R (Stimulus–Response) Psychology
I Perhaps too extreme?
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
Freud’s Psychodynamic Approach
I Focus on the unconscious
I Childhood emotions
I Nonscientific
I Gained widespread nonscientific acceptance
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
Humanism
I Maslow & Rogers
I Opposed behaviorism & Freudian approach
I S-H-R
I Lasting influence on therapy
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
Cognitive Psychology
I Focus on “software” of the mind
I Information processing; problem solving
I “Cognitive revolution”
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
Evolutionary Psychology
I Grew out of Comparative Psychology
I & Functionalism
I How did behaviors evolve?
I What’s the adaptive value of behavior?
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
Biological Psychology
I Brain ⇒ behavior & mindI Localization of function
I Brain areasI Neurotransmitters
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
EvolutionaryPsychology
BiologicalPsychology
Dualism & Monism
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
Psychodynamic Approach
Humanism
Cognitive Psychology
Evolutionary Psychology
Biological Psychology
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