History of Physical Education

History of Physical Education

History of Physical EducationNow and Then

Many Have Contributed A wide variety of people have contributed to the development of physical education

Developed over time, by adding a pieces by pieces

More on the historywww.unm.edu/~lkravitz/Article%20folder/history.html

The Beginning of Physical EducationJohann Bernhard Basedow1723-1790First to recognize the importance of exercise

Required a specific uniform for his students to allow unrestricted movement

Offered a camp for 2 months during the summer for the children

Was known as a difficult man to work withFor More Information go towww.bookrags.com/Johann_Berhard_Basedow

A Teacher Is BornCharles Beck1798-1866

Friend and follower of Jahn

Was hired to teach Latin and Physical Education in the form of German gymnastics

Became the first official Physical Education teacher in America

Games from the Old Days

Skip AwayChasingersCharlie Over the WaterFrog in the MiddleHat BallBlind Mans BuffGames & Activities of the 1800s

RulesAny number can play. One member (IT) of the class or group is blindfolded and counts to 20 or is spun around, whilst the rest scatter about the room. The blindfolded person has to chase and catch somebody and identify him or her correctly, by touch alone. If IT guesses correctly, the person identified becomes IT. If IT doesnt identify the person, then the game begins again with the same person as IT.Blind Mans Buff

Promoting Physical Education

Diocletian (Dio) Lewis1823-1866

Did more to promote physical education than any other single individual Wanted the feeble, old, fat, frail and women to have a system they could use Opened the Normal Institute of Physical Education in Boston Invented bean bags and wooden dumbells Also used music to enhance his exercisesFor More Information go to:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diocletian_Lewis

Dudley Allen Sargent1840-1924

Invented over 80 machines, using pulleys & weights

Contributed to anthropometric measurements- He took these measurements and compared them with standards at a given age, whereupon a series of prescribed exercises was given to meet the demands of each particular caseThe Exercise MachineSchool Time Games

Midnight Roll BallPuss in the CircleSpiderHuntsmanBrownies and FairiesFrog in the SeaThe Lost ChildRun for Your SupperCrows and Cranes

Games and Activities from 1900-20s

RulesFormation Two lines of players, the same number in each line, back to back and about one yard apartThe Game One line is designated as the crows, the other cranes. If the teacher calls out cranes the cranes will turn and chase them. Those tagged go over to the other side. Should the teacher call, crows the play is reversed. The side having the greatest number of players at the end of the playing times wins. Crows and Cranes

Do you ever wonder where some of the words we use in physical education come from?

Exercise From the Latin words ex & arcere, to restrain.

Gymnasium From the Greek word gumnasion or gumnazein meaning to exercise naked.Kinesiology From the Greek words kinesis movement .

Physical Education From the Latin words physica, physics and educatio.

Physiology From the Greek words phusio, nature and ology for branch of learning.

Flexibility From the Latin word flexus, to bend.

Word Origins

Physical Education Comes to America 1820s Some American schools integrated P.E. into their curriculum

After the Civil War, many states required that schools teach physical education

For the first time, specialized training was offered for physical education instructors

In another first, colleges offered intercollegiate sports such as rowing, football, and track and field

The Olympic Games were restored in 1896, after a 1,400-year interlude

The Changing Face of Physical EducationOld PE Looks Like ThisNew PE Looks Like ThisLarge groups, limited equipmentAthletes are leadersSkill relatedTeacher directedEmphasis on competitionGrades based on attendance, dress, skill, level, fitness scoresSmall groups; adequate equipment for active participationAll students have opportunities for successHealth relatedTeacher as coach/guide Emphasis on cooperationGrades based on self-improvement, self-evaluation; peer assessment, skill rubricsWhat Constitutes a Quality Physical Education Program? - Should Include the Following Three Things

Opportunities for students to learn (time, equipment)

Meaningful Content (variety, understanding)

Appropriate Instruction (inclusion, practice, assessment)

Importance at each level:www.aahperd.org/naspe/pdf_files/pos_paper/pe_critical.pdf

A purpose is servedThe purpose of physical education is for all students

To learn and develop fundamental movement skills

To become physically fit to participate regularly in physical activity

To know the implications of and the benefits from involvement in physical activities

To appreciate the value of physical activity and its contributions to a healthy lifestyle

The percentage of overweight children has more than doubled since the early 1970s.

Physical inactivity and poor diet account for an estimated 300,000 deaths per year.

Inactive children are more likely to become inactive adults.

The cost of overweight and obesity to the U.S. economy is $117 billion annually in direct and indirect medical costs.

Tips to getting fithttp://archieves.ob-us.com/obs/english/books/pg/getfit.htm

Facts About Physical ActivityIMportanceWhy is Physical Education So Important?

Here's Why ... Reduced Risk of Heart Failure Improved Physical Fitness Weight Reduction Good Health Promotion Self Discipline Skill Development Improved Self - Confidence Stress Reduction Increase Their Love of School and Performance in Academics Development of Lifetime Skills and Activities

Most schools require students to change into athletic clothes of their own while others require a uniform.Uniform Consist of White t-shirtShorts in the school colorA change of shoes

Uniforms can vary depending on the school.What to Wear?

A Quote to RememberPhysical fitness is not only one of the most important keys to a healthybody, it is the basis of dynamic and creative intellectual activity. Therelationship between the soundness of the body and the activities of themind is subtle and complex. Much is not yet understood. But we do know whatthe Greeks knew: that intelligence and skill can only function at the peakof their capacity when the body is healthy and strong."

- President John Fitzgerald Kennedy

References www.pittschools.org/aes/hist/history.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_Education

http://www.cde.state.co.us/cdeassess/documents/standards/physed.htm

http://www.faqs.org/health/topics/2/Physicall-Education.html

http://www.mikespe.com/physed_june_2004.html

http://images.google.com