HISTORY OF NEPAL Mrigesh Rajbhandari 500 B.C ~ 1972 A.D Presentation By.

HISTORY OF NEPAL

Mrigesh RajbhandariMrigesh Rajbhandari

500 B.C ~ 1972 A.D

Presentation By

The Kirat Region

History in Nepal remains sketchy until the fifth century when the Licchavi rulers began to keep records.

PREHISTORIC NEPAL

Kathmandu Valley

Civilization And Culture Of Kiratas

(800 B.C.-300 A.D.)

c.563 B.C. - Birth Of Lord Buddha at Lumbini Palace

For the next few centuries, Buddhism spread throughout Nepal.

(Old monuments of Palace at Lumbini )

Tentative Licchavi Periodization

•Early Licchavi 330~550

•Mid Licchavi 550~720

•Late Licchavi 725~880

Mana Deva Shiva Deva Amsuverma Hieun-Tseng Successor of Amsuverma Narendra Deva Shiva Deva II Jaya Deva II Aramudi

The Lichchhavi Period

Earliest surviving record from the Licchavis. Most of the Licchavi records are reports of religious donations to mainly Hindu temples and the language of the records is Sanskrit.

Nepali Language has been evolved from Sanskrit

7th century - Interruption In the Kingdom

750 – The fall of Licchavis

Kingdom of the Licchavis, founded sometime late in the forth century

male figure, standingca. 1st-3rd century C.E

"Siva and Parvati Set"ca. 5th-6th centurystone

CIVILIZATION AND CULTURE OF THE LICHCHHAVIS

Administration

Foreign Policy Social Condition Economic Condition

Judicial System

Religion

Literature

'Golden Age'

The Thakuri Dynastey

GUNAKAMA DEV

SURYABANSI ( SOLAR DYNASTY ) RAJPUT KINGS

Shivadeva III

Malla Period (1200 - 1769 AD)

Jayasthiti Malla (1354-1395)

Pratap Malla

Jaya Prakash Malla

Ranjit Malla

879 –1178 : Newar Era

1178 – 1185 – Rule of Somesvaradeva.

Middle Period

1200 – 1216 – Rule of Arimalla.

1345 – 1346- Raid From the South

1382 – 1395 – Rule of Jayasthitimalla

1428 – 1482 – Rule of Yakshamalla

1482 – Nepal was split into three kingdoms

Kathmandu

Bhaktapur

Patan

Malla Palaces at Durbar Square at Kathmandu

Malla Palaces at Durbar Square at Patan

Malla Palaces at Durbar Square at Bhaktapur

TABLE OF THE EVOLUTION OF CERTAIN GUPTA CHARACTERS USED IN NEPALESE INSCRIPTIONS, A.D. 464 through 733

The lower half of a stone slab, 33 cm. wide, north of the Maheśvarí pītha, embedded at the eastern side of a former city gate emplacement on the southern perimeter of the city of Bhaktapur (Fig.4). The broken top of the stele is missing, Date : Samvat 31 (A.D. 607).

Translation[We shall never excuse him]1 who disobeys this order which is a legal edíct. Future kings [also] must give importance to dharma and do as the honorable ones [former kings] have ordered. This is the direct order of His Majesty. Here his envoy is Rājaputra Sthitivarmā. Samvat 31, second pausa śukla astamī [eighth day of the bright half of of the repeated month of Pausa].

Early Manuscripts

A Newari Mandala From 900 A.D.

Stone Sculptures From The Malla Dynasty

stone sculpture of Lord Vishnu

                c.1847 - 1923 Flag of

the Kings

                        c.1847 - 1923 Flag of

the Rana's

           1923 - 12

Dec 1962

         Adopted 12

Dec 1962

MODERN PERIOD

Shah Dynasty, Unification of Nepal THE MAKING OF MODERN NEPAL

Gorkha Kingdom

Prithvi Narayan Shah The Great (reigned 1743-75),

Conquest of Bhaktapur

Conquest of Patan

Conquest of Kathmandu

KING PRATAP SINGH SHAH

KING RANA BAHADUR SHAH

Struggle for Power

RAJENDRA LAXMI

BAHADUR SHAH

KING RANA BAHADUR SHAH

The Expansion of Nepal

The Expansion of Nepal

1791-92Nepal defeated in war with China

The Anglo-Nepalese War

Preparation for War

(The British Army Each Year recruit thousands of Gorkhalis From Nepal to British Acadamys)

Battle of Khalanga Battle of Jaithak Battle of Parsa Battle of Geetjarh Battle of Gadwan Battle of Deuthal

Nepal’s War with British

TREATY OF SUGAULI, 1815

(Current day Nepal after reduction of Nepal’s Boarderaccording to “Treaty Of Sugauli”)

BHIMSEN THAPA

Nepal’s First Appointed Prime Minister

REFORMS OF BHIMSEN THAPA

FALL OF BHIMSEN THAPA

Sinha Pratap Shah Deva 01.1775-12.1777

 Rana Bahadur Shah Deva 01.1778-1799

Girvan Yuddha Bikram Shah Deva 03.1799-1804

Rana Bahadur Shah Deva (2nd time)

1804-1805

Girvan Yuddha Bikram Shah Deva (2nd time)

1805-20.11.1816

Rajendra Bikram Shah Deva 12.1816-1847

Surendra Bikram Shah Deva12.05.1847-17.05.1881

Prithivi Bir Bikram Shah Deva (1875-1911)

17.05.1881-11.12.1911

Kot Massacre Bhandarkhal Massacre The Alou Event King Surendra Bikram Shah Janga Bahadur Rana Second Nepal-Tibet War Terms of Thapathali treaty Reforms of Jang Bahadur Rana King Prithivi Bir Bikram Shah Rana Uddip Singh Dhir Sumsher Bir Sumsher Deva Sumsher Chandra Sumsher

Rise of Ranas (Dark Age)

Balkrishna Sama’s hypothetical painting of all nine Rana prime ministers

The gilded copper Sun Dhoka gate, built in 1753, in Durbar Square, at the medieval city of Bhaktapur. The gate, which is the entrance to the main courtyard palace and the Taleju Bhavani Temple, is flanked by a small shrine of the Rana period.

Hanuman Dhoka Palace, the old royal palace, Kathmandu

Tribhuvana Bir Bikram Shah Deva (2nd time) 

07.01.1951-13.03.1955

King Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah's Ascend to throne Bhim Shumsher Reforms of Bhim Shumsher Juddha Shumsher Juddha Shumsher and the second world war The beginning of revolution against the Ranas : Reforms of Juddha Shumsher Padma Shumsher Political agitations during Padma Shumsher's rule Reforms of Padma Shumsher Mohan Shumsher Arya samaj The Gorkha League Nagarik Adhikar Samiti: Praja parisad: The Nepali congress : The Biratnagar hartal : The Jogbani conference : Jayantu Sanskritum The Nepali Praja Panchayat : The Bairagania Resolution: Leaving the palace by king Tribhuvan: The armed revolution: The Delhi agreement:

King Tribhuwan and Fall of Rana

Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Deva (1920-1972)

14.03.1955-31.01.1972

King Mahendra's early life Political situation Political reforms Tank Prasad Acharya's Ministry Dr.k.i. Singh's Ministry The united front Ministry Constitution of the kingdom of Nepal,1959 First general election Bishweswar prasad Koirala's Ministery Introduction of the Panchayat system Administrative reforms Economic reforms Social reforms Foreign policy

King Mahendra

Bibliography

http://www.countryreports.org/history/nepahist.htm

http://www.nepalhomepage.com/general/history.html

http://internet.cybermesa.com/~rotto/history.html

http://www.thamel.com/htms/history.htm

http://en2.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Nepal

http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0859925.html

The End