History of MP3 Technology

History of MP3 Technology•The digital age has transformed the way millions of music consumers listen to and archive their music.

•MP3 has become the most common digital format in the recent decade and has come into the hands of virtually everyone who owns a home computer and listens to music

The basic timeline of the recording industry is usually thought to be…

• vinyl

• magnetic tape (8 track & cassette tape),

• compact disc

• Now digital media (MP3 being the most common)

we have reached an era where the physical presence of a medium for music is not

absolutely necessary.

What Can MP3 Do?• Without Data reduction, digital audio

signals typically consist of 16 bit samples recorded at a sampling rate more than the actual audio bandwidth

• By using MPEG audio coding, you may shrink down the original sound data from a CD by a factor of 12, without losing sound quality.

History of MP3 Technology • Timeline - History of MP3• 1987 - The Fraunhofer Institut in Germany began research

code-named EUREKA project EU147, Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB).

• April 1989 - Fraunhofer received a German patent for MP3.

• November 26, 1996 - United States patent issued for MP3.

• February 1999 - A record company called SubPop is the first to distribute music tracks in the MP3 format.

• 1999 - Portable MP3 players appear & Napster Goes online the same year

Why is it called MP3?• MP3 stands for MPEG Audio Layer III and it is a standard for audio

compression that makes any music file smaller with little or no loss of sound quality.

• MP3 is part of MPEG, an acronym for Motion Pictures Expert Group, a family of standards for displaying video and audio using specific compression technology.

• Standards set by the Industry Standards Organization or ISO, beginning in 1992 with the MPEG-1 standard. MPEG-1 is a video compression standard with low bandwidth. The high bandwidth audio and video compression standard of MPEG-2 followed and was good enough to use with DVD technology.

• MPEG Layer III or MP3 involves only audio compression.

Napster Hits the Internet!!!• Napster is the application that will be undoubtedly be

remembered more than any other MP3-related software.

• When Napster hit the Internet in 1999, it allowed anyone with a connection to find and download just about any type of popular music they wanted, in minutes.

• By connecting users to other users' hard drives, Napster created a virtual community of music junkies that's still growing at an astonishing pace. This is structure of computer networking is known as Peer 2 Peer (P2P)

• Limewire, Kazaa, Edonkey, WinMX, and Morpheus

Sample P2P Diagrams

Portable MP3 players

• In 1999 portable MP3 players begin to hit the market, the first official MP3 player to receive any praise was the Diamond Rio. By many the Diamond Rio was considered to be the future of personal audio. It stores music files in 32 MB of RAM instead of on CD or tape.

• Diamond Rio had no moving parts and it could not skip.

• Diamond Rio would set the groundwork for the more conventional Portable MP3 Players Known to date.

Napster is shut down!

• Napster’s technology allowed music fans to easily share MP3 format song files with each other, leading to the music industry's accusations of massive copyright violations.

• Officially Napster was shut down. July 27, 2000

Apple Presents the IPOD!!• October 23, 2001

Apple announces the first iPod at a price of $399.

• Apple relies on a hard disk for storage instead of flash memory or interchangeable CD-ROMs, and uniquely focuses on promoting the small size, power, and ease of use of its device.

• The first iPod has a 5 GB storage capacity - enough for over 1,000 songs.

What’s going on now…!?• The market for digital music downloads via

the Internet and mobile phones nearly tripled in 2005

• iTunes Music Store has now sold more than 350 million songs worldwide since it opened its doors to US consumers in April 2003.

• The value of digital music downloads rose to $1.1 billion in 2005, up from $380 million in 2004

• 420 million single digital tracks were downloaded in 2005 from the Internet, according to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI)

Downloading Is “Crazy”

• One of the most talked-about releases of 2006, Gnarls Barkley's full-length debut St. Elsewhere contains the international smash "Crazy,"

• “Crazy” recently became the first track to reach #1 in the United Kingdom through downloads alone.

• Gnarls Barkley has number 1 on Singles Chart for 6th week in a row

• The full album was available in the US for DIGITAL DOWNLOAD ONLY! The digital prerelease of St. Elsewhere was available, a full week before the actual album release of May 9th.

Cee-Lo + Danger Mouse = Gnarls Barkley