History of architecture prepared by: hamzh nsour.

History of architecture

prepared by: hamzh nsour

Special thanks to Dr. Jawdat Goussous

Important pyramids inGiza

Khufu pyramid (2650.B.C)

3d section from great pyramid

The great pyramid has a unique .internal arrangement

First it has a chamber built below .the base of the pyramid

Another chamber was built above it known as the queen’s chamber.

Another chamber was built above it known as the queen’s

chamber

Pyramid plans

1 .Entrance with descending corridor 2. Entrance cut by grave robbers 3. Subterranean chamber 4. Grand Gallery 5. King's chamber, relieving chambers, granite portcullis slabs 6. Queen's chamber 7. Shaft 8. Limestone plugging the air shaft A= "Air shaftson

The King's chamber

The King's chamberThe King's chamber lies on 43.03m and is lined with

granite. On top of the chamber are five so called relieving chambers .A granite sarcophagus lies in the chamber, but

it is not known if there ever was a corpse put to rest there; a mummy or grave goods haven't been found

inside the pyramid.

Dimensions of the King's chamber

Khufu layers

The Upper or King's Chamber

•.

Inside the king chamber

The Queen's Chamber

The Queen's Chamber Shafts

The engineer Rudolf Gantenbrick used a robot called UPUAUT 2 (Wepwawet)

The grand gallery

From the descending entrance corridor, the ascending passage mentioned above, originally sealed with three, seven ton blocks of pink granite which are still in place, branches off. It runs for a length of 129 feet, rising at a gradient of 26°2’30”. Ma'mun's tunnel originally skirted this

Sections in queen’s pyramid in Khufu's complex

Video no1

Khafr3 pyramid

Properties*Height on past 143m

*nowadays 136m* two entrances in north side

*A lot of fake entrances*Length of Side: 215.25 (706.19 ft)

*Angle: 5310’

*30 meters under ground*Golden Summit

Inside the Pyramid of Khafre

Cross-Section of Khafr3 Pyramid.

Cross-Section of Khafr3 Pyramid

Inside the Pyramid of Khafre

Plan

Plan of the pyramid complex

Plan of the khufraa valley temple

The mortuary temple

Video no 2

•It's taken from YouTube site

Sphinx

Side view

Munkar3 pyramid

Menkar3 and his wife

Video no 3

Abu sumbul

*Location :Aswan (west)Great and smallest moved by UNESCO*

*Ramses II

Great abo sumbul

Nefertari temple

Lake which is dug in that location

Video no 4

..The ramp in deir bahrie•1480 BC:Date

Temple of hathrpust

Temple of hathrpust

Temple of hathrpust

Temple of hathrpust