HISTORY/CIVICS Chapter 02: Rise and Spread of Islam Scope of Syllabus: • Introduction – Birth of Islam • Five pillars of Islam – Central Teachings of Islam • Muhammad’s successors and spread of Islam • The Umayyad’s and Abbasid dynasty • Spread of Islam through Trade Introduction – Birth of Islam Click the link below to have a better understanding to the introduction of the topic. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDxKxnVZtgo Prophet Muhammad was the founder of Islam. The word Islam is an Arabic word which means “surrender”. A follower of Islam is called a Muslim or Mohammedan which in Arabic means, ‘One who surrenders to God’. Birth of Islam: Around the year AD 570 Muhammad, the founding prophet of Islam, was born in Mecca. He experienced a vision of the archangel Gabriel who declared Muhammad to be the prophet of God. This is known as the First Revelation. After the Revelation Muhammad started preaching a new religion, Islam. The Revelations of Prophet Muhammad and Islam were compiled in a book the Koran, the sacred scripture of Islam. As Prophet Muhammad went about preaching Islam, all the tribes who earlier with one another, became unified by their belief in Allah. The Prophet’s preaching upset his enemies who thought him to be dangerous and plotted to get rid of him. In AD 622, Muhammad had to leave Mecca and flee to Medina along with his family and a band of faithful followers. This flight from Mecca to Medina was called the Hijrah in Arabic, means ‘migration’. All Muslims use AD 622 as the Year One of their calendar. A core of committed Muslims was established, and a community life was ordered according to the requirements of the new religion. Click the link below to have a better understanding of the discussion. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VPrROFaLoEA
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HISTORY/CIVICS
Chapter 02: Rise and Spread
of Islam
Scope of Syllabus:
• Introduction – Birth of Islam
• Five pillars of Islam – Central Teachings of Islam
• Muhammad’s successors and spread of Islam
• The Umayyad’s and Abbasid dynasty
• Spread of Islam through Trade
Introduction – Birth of Islam Click the link below to have a better understanding to the introduction of the topic. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PDxKxnVZtgo
Prophet Muhammad was the founder of Islam.
The word Islam is an Arabic word which means “surrender”. A follower of Islam is called a Muslim or Mohammedan which in Arabic means, ‘One who surrenders to God’.
Birth of Islam:
Around the year AD 570 Muhammad, the founding prophet of Islam, was born in
Mecca.
He experienced a vision of the archangel Gabriel who declared Muhammad to be the
prophet of God. This is known as the First Revelation.
After the Revelation Muhammad started preaching a new religion, Islam.
The Revelations of Prophet Muhammad and Islam were compiled in a book the
Koran, the sacred scripture of Islam.
As Prophet Muhammad went about preaching Islam, all the tribes who earlier with
one another, became unified by their belief in Allah.
The Prophet’s preaching upset his enemies who thought him to be dangerous and
plotted to get rid of him.
In AD 622, Muhammad had to leave Mecca and flee to Medina along with his family
and a band of faithful followers.
This flight from Mecca to Medina was called the Hijrah in Arabic, means ‘migration’.
All Muslims use AD 622 as the Year One of their calendar.
A core of committed Muslims was established, and a community life was ordered
according to the requirements of the new religion.
Click the link below to have a better understanding of the discussion. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VPrROFaLoEA
Five Pillars of Islam – Central Teachings of Islam:
1. Profession of Faith (shahadah). The belief that "There is no god but God, and Muhammad is the Messenger of God" is central to Islam.
2. Prayer (salah). Muslims pray facing Mecca five times a day: at dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset, and after dark.
3. Alms (zakah). In accordance with Islamic law, Muslims donate a fixed portion of their income to community members in need.
4. Fasting (sawm). During the daylight hours of Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, all healthy adult Muslims are required to abstain from food and
drink. The month of Ramadan is sacred because the first revelation of the Koran is said to have occurred during this month.
5. Pilgrimage (hajj). Muslims who have the physical and financial ability should perform the pilgrimage, or hajj, to Mecca at least once in a lifetime.
Follow the link:- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cMiGaKLM-eY
Central Teachings of Islam:
Belief in one God who is the creator of the entire universe. He is the only one all powerful, all-knowing God.
Belief in God’s messenger, Muhammad – the last of the messengers of God.
Forbids idol worship and manifestation of human or animal figures.
There will be a last judgment during which all humanity will be raised to life and appear before Allah to be judged.