chapter Q Transportation RAIL TRANSPORTATION (Series Q 1-152) Q 1-11. Railroad and other domestic intercity freight traffic, by type of transportation, 1939-1957. Source: 1939-1954, Interstate Commerce Commission, Inter city Ton-Mile8, 1939-1954, Statement No. 568 (mimeographed), 1956; 1955-1957, ICC, Annual Report, various issues. For description of estimates, see Statement No. 568. Q 12-14. Indexes of transportation output, 1889-1953. Source: 1889-1946, Harold Barger, The Transportation In dustries, 1889 to 1946, National Bureau of Economic Research, New York, 1951; 1947-1953, National Bureau of Economic Re search, unpublished estimates by John W. Kendrick. Sources of figures and methods of computation are described in Barger's book. The components of series Q 13, passenger traffic, are airlines, intercity buslines, waterways, and steam railroads. For series Q 14, freight traffic, the components are motor trucking, pipelines, waterways, and steam railroads. Q 15-31. Railroad mileage, equipment, and passenger and freight service, 1830-1890. Source: Interstate Commerce Commission, Railway Statistics Before 1890, Statement No. 32151 (mimeographed), 1932. Before 1890, the principal source of continuous information on railroads is the annual Poor's Manual of Railroads. The figures in the Manual were revised in successive issues. The Interstate Commerce Commission consulted the issues from 1869 to 1900 and evidently took account of the revisions. Earnings and traffic figures are understatements of actual level; mileage covered is shown in the table below. Similar but not identical figures, with the degree of coverage similarly indicated in terms of mileage, appear in Bureau of the Census, Report on Transportation Business in the United States at the Eleventh Census, 1890, part I. Table I. Miles of Road Operated by Railroads Roads reporting earnings 1 Roads reporting earnings and Roads reporting earnings > Year traffic statistics Year 1890 158,087 153.945 145,387 137,028 125,186 167,976 153,689 145,341 136,986 125,146 1879 79,009 78,960 74,112 78,608 1889 1878 1888 1877 1887 1876 1886 1875 71,759 69,278 66,237 67,828 44,614 1885 128,820 115,704 110,414 104,971 92,971 82,146 122,110 118,172 106,938 96,762 1874 1884 1878 1883 1872 1882 1871 1881 1880. 1861. 8,836 1 Includes elevated railways. All figures except those for series Q 15 and Q 17 are based on reports of individual railroads for fiscal years ending in the calendar year indicated. The period of time covered is therefore not the same for all carriers included. Balance sheet and equipment data pertain to the ends of such fiscal years. Data for 1890 shown in these series do not agree with 1890 data shown for series Q 44-72 because of different sources. Q 32. Freight service, ton-miles carried, 13 railroads, 1865- 1885. Source: H. V. and H. W. Poor, Manual of Railroads, New York City, 1888, p. XXVIII. The roads represented are 7 eastern roads (Pennsylvania; Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne, and Chicago ; New York Central ; Lake Shore; Michigan Central; Boston and Albany; New York, Lake Erie and Western) and 6 western roads (Illinois Central; Chi cago and Alton; Chicago and Rock Island; Chicago; Burlington and Quincy; Chicago and Northwestern; Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul). Q 33-42. Railroad property investment, capital, income, and expenses, 1850-1890. Source: See source for series Q 15-31. See also text for same series. Q 43. Miles of railroad built, 1830-1925. Source: 1830-1879, Tenth Census Reports, vol. IV, Report on the Agencies of Transportation in the United States, p. 289; 1893-1925, Railway Age, vol. 104, No. 1, Simmons-Boardman Publishing Corp., New York, January 1, 1938, p. 66. For a more detailed discussion of the problems of estimating miles of railroad built, see E. R. Wicker, "United States Rail way Investment in the Pre-Civil War Period," and George R. Taylor, "Comments on E. R. Wicker's Paper," in Studies in Income and Wealth, Princeton University Press, vol. 24 (forth coming) . The Tenth Census report (pp. 289-293, 300-375) contains materials on history of construction which includes figures on mileage built and existent, by groups of States, for individual companies, annually from 1830 to 1880. Somewhat similar data appear in Bureau of the Census, Report on Transportation Business in the United States at the Eleventh Census: 1890, part 1, pp. 3-5, 54-107. According to the Bureau of the Census, information was re ceived from every railroad known to exist in 1880. The letter of instructions from the Superintendent of the Census to the railroads said: "In cases ... in which the records have been lost, the officers of such companies and roads are requested to obtain . . . this information in the best form possible. The recollection of officers and employees long in the service of a road may be used ... if more reliable data be not accessible." The Railway Age obtained its figures at annual intervals from individual railroads and from State railroad commissions. It is not clear just when a mile of road would be reported as built. Construction of some lines extended over several years. Each annual segment may have been reported when finished, or nothing may have been reported until the whole line was completed. The year of physical completion may have differed from the year in which traffic was first carried. In such cases, the mileage may have been assigned to either year. The Census Bureau figures pertain only to miles in operation in the census year. The figures for any year are, therefore, understatements to the extent that mileage constructed in that year may have been abandoned by June 1, 1880 (the date of the 1880 Census). 423
48
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chapter Q
Transportation
RAIL TRANSPORTATION (Series Q 1-152)
Q 1-11. Railroad and other domestic intercity freight traffic,
by type of transportation, 1939-1957.
Source: 1939-1954, Interstate Commerce Commission, Inter
city Ton-Mile8, 1939-1954, Statement No. 568 (mimeographed),
1956; 1955-1957, ICC, Annual Report, various issues.
For description of estimates, see Statement No. 568.
Q 12-14. Indexes of transportation output, 1889-1953.
Source: 1889-1946, Harold Barger, The Transportation In
dustries, 1889 to 1946, National Bureau of Economic Research,
New York, 1951; 1947-1953, National Bureau of Economic Re
search, unpublished estimates by John W. Kendrick.
Sources of figures and methods of computation are described
in Barger's book. The components of series Q 13, passenger
traffic, are airlines, intercity buslines, waterways, and steam
railroads. For series Q 14, freight traffic, the components
are motor trucking, pipelines, waterways, and steam railroads.
Q 15-31. Railroad mileage, equipment, and passenger and
The Accident Reports Act approved May 1910 requires
the filing of monthly reports of railway accidents and au
thorizes the Interstate Commerce Commission to investigate
accidents. A reportable accident is one arising from the
operation of a railway resulting ... in the death of a
person; or in the disability of an employee for more than
3 days during the 10 days following the accident; or in
the disability of others for more than 1 day.
426
RAIL TRANSPORTATION Q 1-22
Series Q 1-11. Railroad and Other Domestic Intercity Freight Traffic, by Type of Transportation: 1939 to 1957
[In millions of ton-miles. A ton-mile is the movement of 1 ton (2,000 pounds) of freight traffic for the distance of 1 mile. Comprises public and private traffic]
1 Revenue ton-miles. Includes electric railroads, express, and mail. * Ton-miles revised upward on basis of new data; not applied to previous years.
1 Includes Great Lakes. ' Part of these year-to-year changes resulted from coverage of waterways previously* Domestic revenue service. Includes express, mail, and excess baggage. in use but not covered.
Series Q 12-14. Indexes of Transportation Output: 1889 to 1953
[Weighted indexes, 1939-100]
Alltraffic
12
Passenger
13
Freight
14
Year
Alltraffic
12
Passenger
13
Freight
14
Year
Alltraffic
12
Passenger
13
Freight
14
1953.19521951
1950.1949194819471946.
194519441943
219
206182205203192
213222216
8
248 176
«
19121941.
19401939193819371936
19351934193319321931
183137
11010089101
98
7976706682
8
10810097103
99
8784767994
11410087101
92
7774686279
19301929192819271926
192519241923192219211920
1889
97110106106108
102981028881103
18.5
108118117119
121
120121122116115127
25.5
95108103102104
979196817296
16.5
1 Not available.
Series Q 15-22. Railroad Mileage and Equipment: 1830 to 1890
Year
Mileage
Roadoperated(Dec. 81)
Roadowned 1
16
Alltrack
(Dec. 31)
17
Equipment 1
Locomotives
18
Revenue cars
Total
19
Passenger Freight
21
Baggage,mail,
express
Year
Miles ofroad
operated(Dec. 81)
15
Year
Miles ofroad
operated(Dec. 81)
15
1890. .1889..
1888..1887.1886..
1386.1884.1883.1882.1881.
1880.1879.1878.1877.1876.
1875.1874.1873.1872.1871.
166,703161,276166,114149,214136,338
128,820125,346121,422114,677103,108
98,26286 , 55681,74779,08276,808
74,09672,38570,26866,17160,301
163,359159,934154,222147.953188,566
127,689126,119120,619114,428103,530
92,14784,39380,83279,20876,306
74,09672,62370,65157,32851,455
208,152202,088191,876184,935167,962
160,506166,414149,101140,878180,465
115,647104,766103,64997,80894,665
31,81230,56629,00627,27526,108
25,66224,35323,40521,88919,911
17,94917,08416,44615,91115,618
1,090,8691,080,6651,032,182•976,772
870,602
828,058820,954800,741750,933667,218
•556,930
496,718439,109408,082399,524
21,66421,47120,24719,33918,366
16,49716,64416,23014,93413,947
12,78912,00911,68312,053
•14,621
1,061,9521,061,1411,005,108950,889846,912
806,517798,399778,663780,435648,296
639,265480,190423,013392,175384,903
7,2537,0536,8276,5546,325
6,0446,9116,8485,5644,976
4,7864,6194,4133,854
1870.1869.1868.1867.1866.
1865.1864.1863.1862.1861.
1860.1859.1868.1857.1866.
1865.1864.1853.1852.1851.
52,92246,84442,22939,05036,801
35,08533,90888 , 17032,12081,286
80,62628,78926,96824 , 50322,076
18,87416,72016,36012,90810,982
1860.1849.1848.1847.1846.
1845.1844.1843.1842.1841.
1840.1839.1838.1837.1836.
1836.1884.1833.1832.1881.
1830.
9,0217,3665,9965,5984,980
4,6334,8774,1854,0268,586
2,8182,3021,9131,4971,278
1,09863338022995
1 Prior to 1882, includes elevated railways.* Prior to 1881, includes elevated railways.
1 Agrees with source ; however, figures for components do not add to total shown,mail, and <
427
Q 23-43 TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 23-32. Railroad Passenger and Freight Service: 1865 to 1890
Passenger service Freight service Freight service Freight service
Series Q 44-72. Railroad Mileage, Equipment, and Passenger Traffic and Revenue: 1890 to 1957
[Includes intercorporate duplications. Unless otherwise noted, covers Class I, II, and III railroads, except that prior to 1908 includes returns for switching and terminal companieswhere applicable]
Number
ofoperat
ingrail
roads 1
1 1
415422
441443448454462
471481485
(M513
617
EM534543559
574600611631641
661678700709749
775809849MM929
947995
1,0231,0411,058
1,0851,1111,1311,1681,216
1.2431,2601,2971.2961,2981.312
1,3061,3161,3231,5641,491
1,3801.3141,2811,2191,213
1,2241,2061,1921,1581,111
1,1041,0431,0341.002
9911.013
Mileage
Constructed
Abandoned
16
Roadowned *
47
49 1.14974 613
105 60249 69450 66676 96571 456
33 755100 620
71 52979 70920 881
40 65146 70534 1,14988 2,88622 1,695
19 1,2841 1,697
86 1,62111 9 1.642
38 1,677
2.7 1,974
88 1,784122 2,016821 1.870602 779
460 954671 782916 710
Bit 797881 892
.795 7536:) .7 617441 537818 1,188881 687
220,670221,098221,758222,508223,42
223,779224,511225.149225,806226.438
226,696227.335227,999229,174231,971
233,670235,064236.842238,539240,104
241,822243.85245,703247.595248,829
249,052249,433249,309249,131249,138
249,398250,156250,222250,413261,176
252,8451253,1253,529253,626254.037
254,251263,789252,105249,777246,777243,979
240,293236,834233,468
229,95224,363
218,101213,904207,97"202,472197,237
193,346189,295186,396184,428182,777
180,657178,709176,461171,564168,403163,697'
Track operated
Total 1
48
386,996389,668
390,965392 , 580393 , 736394,631395,831
396,380397,232397.203397,355398,037
398.054398,437398,730399,627403,625
405,975408,350411,324414,672416,381
419,228422,401'425,664!428.402429,823
429,883429,054427,750424 , 737421,341
417,954415,028412,993409,359407,531
406.580403,891402,343400,353397,014
391,142387,208379,508371,238362,824
351,767342.351333,646327,975317,083
306,797297,073283,822274,106265,352
258,784250,143245,334242,013239,140
233,276229,796221,864'211,051207,446199,876
Firstmaintrack
49
Othermaintracks
50
232,177233 , 509
233.955234,342234,959235.545236,476
236,857237.564287 , 756288,209239,069
239.438240,21.7240,7451241.737244,263
245,740246.922248,474260.582251,542
252,930254,882256,741268,869259.999
260,440260,570260 , 646259,639268,815
268,631258,238258,084267.425258,362
259,941258 , 525258.507259,705259,705
269,211257.569256,547253,470249,852246.238
240,831235.402230,494227,465222,340
216,974212,243205.314200,155195,562
192,556187,635184.648183.284181,983
177,746175,691169,780162,397161,275156,404'
Yardtracksand
sidings
Roadoperated,
.71
37,12337.908
38,82539 . 52039,79439.97740,157
40.45640.63940.84540,95441,015
41,10641,17841,09341,13741,166
41,37341,44541 , 58941 , 67941,731
41,91642 . 10942,39742 , 55642,780
42,74242,71142,43242,07141.686
40,96239.91638,69737.88837,614
36,89486,73036,22835,066i34,325
33,86433,66232,37630,82729,36727,613
25,35424,57323,69922,77120,982
19,88118,33816,94815,82014,876
14,07513,38413,09612,79512,440
12,34812.16811,63310,84610,4289,760
New cars deliveredfor domestic use
gerservice 1
117,678118,251
118,185118,718118,983119,109119,198
119,067119,029118,602118,192117,953
117,510117,044116,892116,758118,196
118,862119.983121,261122.411123,108
124,382125,410126,526126.977127,044
126,701125,778124,772123,027120,840
118,361116,874116,212114,046111,565
109,744108,637107,608105,682102,984
101,86999,91098.28595.21192,01988,974
85,58282,37779,45377,74973,761
69,94266,49261,56068,22154,915
52,15349,22447,68945,93444,718]
43,18141.94140,46187.808135,74233 ,711
112,522115,749
120,711124,572128,943132,903139,178
147,511156.821160,140161.115161,407
161,920162,290162,429163.658167,951
170,175172,031173,616175.543178,403
Equipment *
Freighttrain
53
99,29067.080
37.54535,69681,02177.88395,993
43.99192 , 562112,64068,52241,9561
43,86443.00331,83662 . 873
80,623
62,34125,13216,47077,49846,612
7,61525,1762,1633,25213,203
74,920!81,59046,06063,37088,862
105,735113.711175,74866,28940,292
60,95594.98167,063115,706111,616
Passengertrain
.71
'•58,226■»97,626|
"176,049
705396
886349386117179
964
933891861
1,337
9311,003685418349
257276434629191
205276
977
323
1,5342,4551,5712,0872,814
2.4282,5172.034
9771,161
831126750
1,6841,344
Locomotives in service
Total ■
.7.7
'"1.513"3,589"2,654"2,509"3,362
32.39132,593
33,63335,03337,25139,69742,473
42, 951 143,272144.47444,34445,611
46,26346,30545.40644,67144,375
44.33345.17246,54447.65548,009
49,54151,42354,22856,73268,652
60 , 18961.26763,31165,34866,847
68,09869,48669,41468,51869 . 122
68,94268.97767,93666,0701
65,595
65,31466,50267,01265,69763,46362,463
60,01968,21957,69855,38851,672
48,35746,74343,87141.22589,584
37.66336.70336,23435.98635,960
35.69935,49234,78833,13632,139'30,140
Steam Electric !
2,6083,918
6,2669,04112,27416,73722 , 590
26,68030,34434,58136,94239,592
41,018!41.92141.98341.75541,911
42,41043,60445,21046,34246,923
48,47750,46553.30255,83157,820
59,40660,57262,64264,84366,381
67,71369,11469,00568,12168,733
68,55468,59267,56365,69965,263
65,02166,229
Diesel
,7N
697616
639
669718790817
827856867864867
885902907892895
900879
882872
868
884805789
764709
663621617467435
379
372409
897889
888885373371342
293273
Other
29 , 137 49
28,001 58
26 . 563 65
25,256 67
24,209 6522,118 52
19,014 52
15,396 4812,025 478,981 456,495 436.008 44
4,301 498,432 602,476 401,978 46
1,517 52
967 56
639 50
403 49
293 48
175 .73
130 50
104 49
85 52so 57so 43
77 43
25 39(•) • 52
(•) •38
11 20
1 5
1 Includes circular and unofficial.3 First track. Includes lessors, proprietary, circular and unofficial companies.
1 For railroads reporting track by class. Excludes circular and unofficial, figuresfor which cover road, first track only.
4 Class I line-haul railroads.' Includes switching and terminal companies.'For 1890-1927, number of locomotives; for 1928-1957, number of units, except
for steam locomotives. (A unit is the least number of wheel bases together with superstructure capable of independent propulsion, but not necessarily equipped with an
ntrol.)
7 For 1915-1922, identified as "other than steam," but all or almost all of the locomotives must be electric.
« For 1916-1956, represents steam locomotives and freight cars of Class I railroadsexcluding switching and terminal companies; for 1957, includes all Class I locomotives
including switching and terminal <» Diesel included with "Other."10 Calendar-year data.
429
Q 44-72 TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 44-72. Railroad Mileage, Equipment, and Passenger Traffic and Revenue: 1890 to 1957—Con.
* Class I line-haul railroads.* Includes switching and terminal companies.* For 1916-1956, represents steam locomotives and freight cars of Class I railroads
excluding switching and terminal companies; for 1967, includes all Class 1 locomotivesincluding switching and terminal companies.
11 Excludes caboose cars.12 Class 1 and II railroads.
430
RAIL TRANSPORTATION Q 73-86
Series Q 73-86. Railroad Freight Traffic and Revenue: 1890 to 1957
[In Ions of 2,000 pounds]
Revenue freight originated (Class I railroads)
In carloads
Freight and revenue (Class I, II, and III railroads)
1 Includes forwarder traffic beginning 1989. 1 Includes the following amounts of unassigned carload tonnage (thousands): 1911,> United States as a system, i.e., ton-miles or revenue of connecting roads is included 36,199; 1912, 82,266; 1918, 15,617; 1914, 14,671; 1915, 2,268; 1916, 1,367; and 1919,
in the numerator, but only tonnage originated in the denominator. 338.
4 Class I and II railroads.
[
431
Q 87-105 TRANSPORTATION
[Tons are of 2,000
Series Q 87-94. Railroad Passenger and Freight Operations: 1890 to 1957
Claw I, II, and III railroads except as follows: Series Q 87. Class I beginning 1911; series Q 88, Class I beginning 1983; and series Q 89, Q 93. Q 94,
1 This average is obtained by dividing the revenue ton-miles by the total loadedcar-miles, the latter item including some cars loaded with nonrevenue freight. Thismethod is necessary to preserve comparability with figures for the earlier years, andthe figures differ slightly from the average "net tons per loaded car" shown in the
regular monthly statements of Freight and FaEEenger Service Operating Statistics
based on revenue and nonrevenue ton-miles and car-miles.2 Class I and II railroads.
Series Q 95-105. Railroad Property Investment, Capital, and Capital Expenditures: 1890 to 1957
Includes intercorporate duplications. Figures subject to general exception that prior to 1908, the returns for switching and terminal companies were included where applicableCapital expenditure represents total money outlay without deductions for property retiredl
Yearending—
Road and equipment
Property investment and capital (Clae
•Railroad capital outstanding 1
a I, II, III railroads and their lessors)
Net capitalization
Stockpaying
dividendsInvestment,book value 1 1
Depreciationreserve 1
TotalCommonstock
Preferredstock
Funded debtunmatured
95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102
dbcbmbbbSI (1,000 $1,000 Mil. do(. Mil. dot. Mil. dot. Mil. dot. Mil. dof. $1,000
Capital expenditures for additionsand betterments (Class I railroads)
RoadwayandTotal Equipment
structures
103 104 105
tl.OOO tl.OOO tl.000
188,802212,712103,947167,194361,912
79,33592,00615,45436.37173,106
108,967120,70788,498130,823288,807
872 , 608853.721676,665771.552885,086
328,269821,306224,301288,701871,922
644,339632,415462,864482,851613,164
748,191874,744
1,059,149429,273557,036
338,114493,609681,724246,509319,874
410,077381,185877,425188,764237,161
1 Includes proprietary.
1 1ncrease in investment over a period of years cannot be obtained accurately bysubtraction of 1 year's investment from that of another owing to reorganization,sale, or abandonment reclassification, etc.
* Includes depreciation on "Miscellaneous physical property/' prior to 1920. Amortization of defense projects included subsequent to 1940. and, beginning in 1950,includes amortization applicable to proprietary companies.
* Figures subsequent to 1914 include actually outstanding, nominally issued, andnominally outstanding securities in order that they may be comparable with those ofprevious years in which these items were not segregated. Funded debt unmatured
does not include equipment obligations subsequent to 1942. but they are includedherein to preserve the comparability of the figures.
1 For 1921-1924. includes investment of lessor companies; and for 1925-1957.investment of lessor and proprietary companies.
• Class I and II railroads and their lessor subsidiaries.
1 Class I railroads.- Includes $170,000,000, estimated reserve for accrued depreciation to put figure
on a comparable basis with those of other years.* Represents 1893 investments less increases each year on account of change in
classification in 1893.
433
Q 106-116 TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 106-116. Railroad Income and Expenses, and Interest and Dividends: 1890 to 1957
[In thousands of dollars. Includes intercorporate duplications. Unless otherwise noted, covers Class I, II, and III, railroads subject to general exception, that prior to 1908 the"or switching and terminal companies were included where applicable)returns for
Series Q 124. Miles of Railroad Operated by Receivers or Trustees: 1894 to 1957
[As of end of year. Class I, II, and III railroads]
Yearending-
Miles
124
Yearending-
Miles
124
Yearending-
Miles
124
Yearending—
124
Yearending-
Miles
124
Yearending—
DEC. 81
19571956
19661954196819o21961
19601949194819471946
1,0221,594
11,68511,60812,05411,94212,212
12,22312,67913,28322,75034,389
dec. 31—Con.
19451944194319421941
19401939193819371936
39,71460,49764,75866,90469,859
76,27077,01376,93870,88469,712
DEC. 31—Con.
19351934193319321931
19301929192819271926
68,34542,16841,69822,54512,970
9,4865,7035,256
16,75217,632
dec. 31—Con.
19251924192319221921
19201919191819171916
18,6878,10512,62315,25913,512
16,29016,59019,20817,37634,804
JUNE 80
191619151914191819121911
19101909190819071906
37,35380,22318,60816,2869,7864,698
6,25710,5309,6293,9268,971
JUNE 30—Con.
19061904190319021901
19001899189818971896
18951894
Series Q 125-127. Railroad Highway Grade Crossings: 1925 to 1957
[Class I railroads. Includes switching and terminal companies]
YearTotal
125
Speciallyprotected
126
Eliminatedduringyear by
separationof grades
127
YearTotal
125
Speciallyprotected
126
1967.1956.1955.1954.1953.1952.1951.
1950.1949.1948.1947.1946.
1945.1944.1943.1942.1941.
223,381224,619226,818226,622227,110227,291227,415
227,364226,791226,844226,501226,143
226,153226,357226,938227,496229,722
39,88439,32439,06088,52837,99037,24236,682
35,96835,24334,50733,78983,320
33,32133,21133,12433,07532,859
113728480539550
61
53262423
71437149182
1940.193919381937.1936
1935.1934193319321931.
193019291928192719261925
230231231232232
284234235237238
240242240236235233
.285,104400.322
231820,827035,017
,678809
158,633
32,42181,77531,44831,11980,466
80,20030,22630,62830,80931,052
30,28780,19029,21528,72427,92727,241
435
Q 128-140 TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 128-137. Fuel Received, Ties and Rails Laid, and Purchases by Railroads: 1917 to 1957
[Class I line-haul railroads]
Cross-ties laid Purchases
Newrailslaid Total Treated
Total,ind.
miscellaneous
FuelForest
products
Iron andsteel
products
131 132 133 134 136 136 137
1,000long tons 1,000 1,000
Mildot.
Mildot.
Mil.del
MO.dot.
698 25,12327,323
24,49726,848
1,8161,884
460477
128156
609613788
860886
27,173
25.72833,46234.23132,457
26,49024,53132 , 14432,91030,804
1,6371.4251,9201,8182,176
454438510539621
119114176177188
510406613513704
1,163970
1,145
1,222
1,2931,3831,4641,240
33,09132,92640,47240,20640,150
31,55331,19838,28187,92087,671
1,7401,6412,1831,9091,571
609664833692553
121142166172149
510454590504416
1,6281,5831,2931,2081,210
46,62461,25949,34463,24160,077
43,65747,69544,82247,93243,872
1,5721,6111.3941,2601,161
555686527426850
137159150115104
418432340354380
1,018886606
45,32646,41042,50849,73849,117
38,69889,65484,58989,67438,206
854769683966803
274257244294272
82706710577
264236127311239
1,038931
587639408407
1,030
45,26044,13138,00740,13754,449
83,93982,36726,81880,10741,851
593600466445695
233217181178245
576442
13515110495189
6276
1,6922,0372,1472,2122,210
69,32581,96484,58686,243■80,746
64,52964,72464,33162,963
1 55,658
1,0391,3301,2711,8961,659
307364385489473
185158161176186
305407375407507
1,9501,7911,7301,3901,464
82,71783,07384,43586,64286,522
60,09044,49041,65640,63036,072
1,3921,3431,739
459472618
170181
419366465
1,4122,3351,8832,047
86,82980,90376,13979,070
87,792
233
Year
1957.1956.
1955.1964.1953.1952.1951.
1950.1949.1948.1947.1946.
1945.1944.1948.1942.1941.
1940.1939.1938.1937.1936.
1935.1934.1933.1932.1931.
1930.1929.1928.1927.1926.
1925.1924.1923.1922.1921.
1920.1919.1918.1917.
Fuel received
Bituminouscoal
128
1,000short tons
8,16012,280
16,18815,96428,00537,82964,226
63,90664,67198,826109,884108,148
128,007135,579129,738120,910104,100
88,59581,81374,78491,71891,707
81,28679,49475,48774,67091,136
108,661124 , 152119,820180,606189,602
131,452126,340157,900120,664127,630
Fueloil
Mil.gal.
279443
613656
1,1531,6682,335
2,6192,6383.7594,0524,144
4,7064,7444,8024,1353,368
2,7522,5732,4262,8752,669
2,2822,1081,9431,9842,380
2,8703,2082,8472,9213,178
3,1143,0953,017
Dieseloil
130
Milgal
3,6333,639
3,4533,1603,0672,7592,323
1,9231,4861,170
785544
441316219174
114
7144
1 Figures for this and earlier years less inclusive than for later years.
Series Q 138-140. Pullman Company Operations: 1915 to 1957
Year
Averagemiles of roadover whichoperationsconducted
138
Revenuepassenger-
miles 1(millions)
139
Employees
140
Year
Averagemiles of roadover whichoperationsconducted
138
Revenuepassenger-
miles(millions)
139
19571956
19551954195319521961
19501949194819471946
19451944194319421941
19401939193819371936
85,068
87,472
89,12491,92094 , 51896,39099,592
102,722104,287104,940105.950100,653
95,765103,766104,128106,408108,034
109,595109,886110,728111,507111,622
5,3886,630
6,8827,2718,2009,3369,893
10,55810,54412,17213,51620,672
27,27628,26725,89119,07210,070
8,2148,4858,2709,1708,355
14,89016,793
18,06119,86621,62922 , 58823,862
22,82022,28623,72429,04636,982
41,601
89,70833 , 18226,69122,704
20,87721,33520,75023,40621,711
1935.1934.1933.1932-1931.
1930-1929.1928.1927.1926.
1926.1924.1923-1922.1921-
1920.1919-1918.1917.1916.1915.
112,117112,420112,298118,061125,703
129,578130,019128,753123,334126,907
126,840124,795124,794123,547
7,1466,8916,1426,7579,891
12,61614,05913,93814,09914,409
14,01613,08212,98211,75911,295
14,33413,72010,67911,0729,2858,926
1 1939-1957 includes Pullman operations on Canadian and Mexican railroads; excludes that of chartered car i
436
RAIL TRANSPORTATION Q 141-152
Series Q 141-152. Railroad Employment and Wages, and Accidents and Fatalities: 1890 to 1957
[Statistics on accidents and fatalities not strictly comparable because of changing definition of a reportable accident]
Year ending—
Employees 1
Number I
141 142
Railroad accidents and fatalities (all steam railroads)
Total
143
Injured
144 145
Injured
146
Employees 1
147
Injured
148
Other personB 3
Killed
149
Injured
150
Trespassers <
Killed
151
9991.058
1,0711.0781,2211,2421,292
237209345371378
1,4391,4341,3751,2911,169
1,0461.007958
1,1871,086
1,0141,027991
1,0621,283
1,6171,6941,6921,7761,822
1,7861,7951,9021,6701,705
2,0761,9601.8921,7861,701
1,6541.5481,710
•1.816
1,7161.670
1,6991.5031.4361,6721,621
1,3821,2961,3131,1891,071
1,018929875823827
785780874821784
749
$1,000
6,422,0805,387,631
5,045,2784,906,6845,380,8285,382,4895,328,072
4,644.8904,468,5454,820.7474,399,2964,218,680
3,900,9288,897,7663,556,1892,966,0622,860,369
1,990,6311,889,1301,771,0882,013,6771,873,819
1,666,2291,541,3131,424,3921,535,0662,124,784
2,588,6982,940,2062,874,4292,963,0348,001,804
2,916,1932,882,6583,062,0262,693,2922,823,970
3,764,2812,897,7692,665,0131,782,9651,506,961
1,403,9681,277,6631,381,117
•1,373,831
1,252,3481,208,466
1,148,725988,324
1,035,4381,072,386900,802
839,946817,599767.321676,029610,714
677,266622,968495,056465,6021
468,826
446,508
2,3932,678
2,8492,5753,0398,0113,459
3.4863,4263,8834,2854,608
4,8124,9086,0516,3376,191
4,7404,4924,6496,5026,550
6,2585,0206,1804,9055,271
6,6666,6906,6806,9927,090
6,7666,6177,3866,3256,996
6,9586,9789,28610,08710,001
9,3648,62110,30210,96410,58610,896
9,6828,72210,18811,83910,618
9,70310,0469,8408,5888,455
7,8657,1236,8596,4376,448
6,1866,4477,3467,1477,029
18,68828,676
27,84626,64729,21430,00184,464
33,26732,12348,10748,81952,026
61,51661,25160,34848,12337,829
29,60628,14427,27536,71384,723
28,10828,64127,61629,23286,671
49,44377,01386,205
104,817180,235
137,485143,739171,712134,871120,686
168,809149,053174,576194,805196,722
180,375162,040192,662200,308169,538150,159
119,60795,626104,230111,01697,706
86,00884,15576,65364,66263,339
60,32044,62040,88236,73138,687
88,74831,88940,39336,65233,881
1567
24304924ISO
180375979
188
16626727812248
8840813441
8038612746
61114•188
161
176153143203205
229273471301246
239199232350283299
324253381610369
687441355345282
849239221222181
170324299376
1,5662,756
2,2632,2472,5032,0498,184
3,4192,5458,6074,2464,714
4,8404,8545,1663,5013,009
2,5972,5802,3452,5942.648
1,9491,9452,0671,9122,104
2,6668,8463,4683,893
4,461
6,6436,0236,4636,7126.684
7,5917,4567,3167,5827,162
7,48810,91413,88716.13014,93812,042
12,46110,31111,55613,04110,764
10,4579,1118,2316,6834,988
4,1283,4422,9452,7952,873
2,3763,0343,2293,2272,972
195288
282235343386432
392450622791738
9721,0871,0721,006
807
683636513712720
600656633679
677
9771,4281,3291,6701,672
1,6991.6432,026
1, ~~1,
657446
2,5782,1383,4198,1992,941
2,6872,1623,2593,7163,6363,602
8,3822,6103,4054,5343,929
3,3613,6323,6062,9692,676
2,5502,2101.9681,6931,861
1,8111,8232,7272,5642,660
12,24619.608
19,01117,21920,17021,33924,266
22,58622,99331,96136,88039,472
48,68248,61346,97136,03225,866
18,35017,38316,56924,11422,409
16,74217,33815,93217,74223,368
86,87260,73970,87388,223
111,903
119,224125,319152,678117,197104,530
149,414131,018156,013174,247176,923
160,663138,092166,212171,417142,442126,039
95,67175,00682,48787,64476,701
66,83367,06760,48160,52441,142
39,64334,92331,76127,66729,969
25,69623,42231,72928,26726,140
1,4412,233
2,4562,8102,6472,6012,877
2,9142,9393,2023,4153,642
3,6843,5543,7014,2104,336
4,0743,9164,0554,7564,789
4,6284,4264,6964,2994,648
4,6276,1486,2606,3345,266
4,9964,9256,2214,4684,345
4,1514,6676,3966.5876,814
6,4386,2706,8116,8996,6676,495
6,9766.8596,4026.6966,330
6,8066,9736,8796,2746,498
6,0664,6744,6804,5224,406
4,1554,3004,3204,2174.076
4,259
6,812
6,6766,0816,5416,6137,004
7,2626,5857,5397,6937,840
8,0437,7848,2118,5908,964
8,6598,1818,36110,0059.766
9,4179,3689,5179,57810,209
10,90512,42811,86412,70113,871
13,26913,06613 , 18711,52110,571
11,30410,57911,24612,97612,647
12,22413,03413,56313,76112,15812,078
11,38510,30910,18710,83110,241
8,7187,9777,8417,4567,209
6,6496,2556,1766,2695,846
6,6775,4336,4356,1584,769
742
818
867870
1,0441,0431,142
215287445480635
1,5921,6501,7552,0132,195
2,0952,3522,3602.6542,801
2,7862,6972,8922,5772,489
2,4092,4242,4872,7262,661
2.5842,6562,7792,430
< See headnote for aeries Q 106-116.I on trains and travelers not on trains.
1 Casualties sustained in nontrain accidents included with "Other persons." Non-train aceidnU are those not caused directly by operation or movement of trains,locomotives, or cars, but attributable to shop machinery or use of tools and apparatusthat result in reportable casualties.
• Prior to 1921 casualties sustained by employees not on duty in nontrain acci
dents included with "Other persons."• Trespassers included with "Other persons" prior to 1922.• Class I and II railroads.
488910 O - M - 29 437
chapter Q
WATER TRANSPORTATION (Series Q 153-245)
Q 153-245. General note.
Basic governmental sources of historical merchant-marine
and water-traffic statistics include American State Papers:
Class IV, Commerce and Navigation, vols. 1 and 2, for 1789-
1823 ; the various annual issues of Foreign Commerce and Navi
gation of the United States, for 1821-1946, originally issued by
the Register of the Treasury and then by the Treasury De
partment, later by the Department of Commerce and Labor,
and finally by the Department of Commerce; the Annual Re
port of the Commissioner of Navigation, 1884-1923, the issu
ance of which followed a similar succession beginning with the
Treasury Department; annual issues of Merchant Marine Sta
tistics, 1924-1957, originally prepared by the Department of
Commerce as successor to the statistical section of the Annual
Report of the Commissioner of Navigation, and now issued
annually by the Bureau of Customs; and the various annual
issues of the Annual Report of the Office of the Chief of
Engineers, Corps of Engineers. The Statistical Abstract of
the United States, a secondary source, also contains historical
merchant-marine and water-traffic statistics. The Statistical
Abstract has been issued by the following agencies: 1878-1902,
Bureau of Statistics (Treasury Department) ; 1903-1911, Bu
reau of Statistics (Department of Commerce and Labor) ; 1912,
Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce (Department of
Commerce and Labor) ; 1913-1937, Bureau of Foreign and Do
mestic Commerce (Department of Commerce) ; 1938-1957, Bu
reau of the Census (Department of Commerce) .
Congressional documents also contain historical series on the
merchant marine, foreign commerce, and related fields. For
1789-1882, a particularly valuable collection of documents was
found in the library of the Department of Commerce, bound
together under the title Decadence of American Shipping and
Compulsory Pilotage. The documents included are as follows:
Foreign Commerce and Decadence of American Shipping,
H. R. Ex. Doc. No. Ill, 41st Congress, 2d session; Causes of
the Reduction of American Tonnage and the Decline of Navi
gation Interest . . ., H. R. Report No. 28, 41st Congress, 2d
session; Foreign Commerce and the Practical Workings of
Maritime Reciprocity, H. R. Ex. Doc. No. 76, 41st Congress,
3d session; Causes of the Decadence of Our Merchant Marine;
Means for Its Restoration and the Extension of Our Foreign
Commerce, H. R. Report No. 342, 46th Congress, 3d session;
American Shipping, H. R. Report No. 1827, 47th Congress, 2d
session; American Merchant Marine, H. R. Report No. 363,
48th Congress, 1st session; Ship-Building and Ship-Owning
Interests, H. R. Report No. 750, 48th Congress, 1st session;
and reports of lesser interest, H. R. Misc. Doc. No. 37 and
Report No. 1848, both of the 48th Congress, 1st session.
Since 1921, publications of the Maritime Commission and its
predecessor agencies also should be consulted, particularly the
reports entitled, Ocean-Going Merchant Fleets of Principal
Maritime Nations, Iron and Steel, Steam and Motor, Vessels
of 2,000 Gross Tons and Over, issued quarterly or semi
annually, 1921-1941, and Employment of American Flag
Steam and Motor Merchant Vessels of 1,000 Gross Tons and
Over, issued quarterly, 1923-1941. Finally, the Bureau of the
Census (and its predecessor Census Office) has published the
results of five censuses of water tranportation, as follows:
1880, 1889, 1906, 1916, and 1926 (see general note for series
Q 153-190, below).
Q 153-190. General note.
Statistics on documented merchant vessels and shipbuilding;
are from Merchant Marine Statistics, various annual issues,
supplemented by records of the Bureau of Customs. Many
are from the 1936 issue. Some of the estimates from the
1936 report have been modified, however, as explained below
in table II. The text statements, and the correction of errors
found in the published tables are based on reference to the
primary sources, as follows: For 1789-1823, see American
State Papers: Class IV, Commerce and Navigation, vols. 1 and
2 (published in 1834) ; for 1821-1892, see annual issues of
Commerce and Navigation of the United States; for 1884-1923,
see issues of Annual Report of the Commissioner of Naviga
tion; for 1924-1945, see annual issues of Merchant Marine
Statistics.
Of the Maritime Commission reports cited in the general note
for series Q 153-245, above, the first, Ocean-Going Merchant
Fleets . . ., provides data for each leading maritime nation
on ocean-going merchant vessels of 2,000 gross tons and over,
showing number and tonnage of such fleets classified by age,
speed, size, boilers, engines, draft, etc., by major vessel type.
The second, Employment of American Flag Steam and Motor
Merchant Vessels . . ., shows for seagoing merchant vessels
of 1,000 gross tons and over the number and tonnage of such
vessels employed in U.S. foreign and domestic trade, arranged
by major vessel type, ownership (government and private),
and area of operation.
Census statistics on water transportation are not presented
here. For reports of these censuses, see Tenth Census Re
ports, vol. IV, Report on Agencies of Transportation, 1880;
Eleventh Census Reports, Report on Transportation Business,
part 1, "Transportation by Water"; Transportation by Water,
1906; Water Transportation, 1916; and Water Transportation,
1926.
The first census, for 1880, was limited to steam vessels.
The report of this census includes a detailed history of steam
navigation in the United States with separate discussion and
single-year construction statistics by geographic region, from
the beginning to 1880. (See T. C. Purdy, "Report on Steam
Navigation in the United States," Tenth Census Reports, 1880,
vol. IV.) The report of the shipbuilding census, also taken
the same year, includes a detailed technical history of ship
building in all aspects, with particular reference to sailing
craft. Single-year figures are shown for New England ship
building, 1674-1714, classified by type of vessel and place where
built. (See Henry Hall, "Report on the Ship-Building Industry
of the United States," Tenth Census Reports, 1880, vol. VIII.)
The Censuses of 1889 and 1906 included all classes of ves
sels. However, the 1889 Census included fishing vessels for
the Pacific Division only and the 1906 Census excluded fishing
vessels. The Censuses of 1916 and 1926 provided data for all
U.S., documented and undocumented, vessels and craft of 5
tons net register and qver, whether propelled by machinery or
sails, or unrigged, except that certain specified types of vessels
were excluded. (See Bureau of the Census, Water Transpor
tation, 1926, p. 5.) While the Census reports of 1850 and 1860
contain some statistics relating to water transportation, these
statistics apparently were collected by other agencies.
438
WATER TRANSPORTATIONQ 153-190
Data shown here are for documented merchant vessels only,
exclusive of yachts. The following definitions are those cur
rently applicable:
Documented vessels include all vessels granted registers,
enrollments and licenses, or licenses, as "vessels of the United
States," and as such have certain benefits and privileges.
Vessels of 5 net tons and over owned by citizens of the United
States and otherwise complying with the requirements for docu
mentation may be documented to engage in the foreign or
coasting trades or the fisheries.
Registers are ordinarily issued to vessels engaged in the
foreign trade or the whale fisheries. Historically, this group
has included the major portion of the whaling fleet.
Enrollments and licenses are issued to vessels of 20 net tons
and over engaged in the coasting trade or fisheries.
Licenses may be issued to vessels of less than 20 net tons
engaged in the coasting trade or fisheries.
Undocumented craft are those not registered, enrolled, or
licensed. Barges, scows, lighters, and canal boats, without any
propelling power of their own, operated exclusively in a harbor,
on the canals or other internal waters of a State, or on the
rivers or lakes of the United States, not in any case carrying
passengers, and vessels under B net tons are exempt from
the requirements of the laws governing documentation.
Gross tonnage refers to space measurement, 100 cubic feet
equalling 1 ton; it is not a measure of weight. Gross tonnage
is the capacity of the entire space within the frames and the
ceiling of the hull, together with those closed-in spaces above
deck available for cargo, stores, passengers, or crew, with
certain minor exemptions. Before 1865, 95 cubic feet equalled
1 ton, and the admeasurement method differed in other respects.
Changes in maritime law: Admeasurement method. "Ad
measurement" refers to the method of calculating gross ton
nage of ships or vessels. The first law of the United States
on the subject appears to have been enacted September 1,
1789 (1 Stat. 55). The enactment then made was reenacted
with certain minor amendments in the Acts of August 4, 1790
(1 Stat. 169), and of March 2, 1799 (1 Stat. 675), and as so
enacted was in force until January 1, 1865.
A basic change in admeasurement method was provided in
the act of May 6, 1864, effective January 1, 1865 (13 Stat.
70-72, R. S. 4153, 46 U. S. C. 77). The method described in
the act of May 6, 1864, appears to have been substantially
the same as that in force in 1945.
For the transition period, 1865-1868, the total tonnage fig
ures for the fleet are "mixed." During those years, the
total fleet tonnage was obtained by combining the "old admeas
urement" tonnage of vessels not yet readmeasured and the
"new admeasurement" tonnage of vessels which had been re
admeasured or newly built. For a recapitulation of the "old"
and "new" components of the fleet tonnage (not the same
vessels) for each year, 1865-1868, see Commerce and Naviga
tion, 1870, p. 798.
No table has been located comparing the tonnage of a sub
stantial number of vessels under "new" and "old" admeas
urement; hence, neither the magnitude nor the direction of the
change can be stated here. Apparently it varied for different
types of vessels. "Brigs, schooners, and sloops measure less
under the 'new' admeasurement . . . while ships, barks, steam
boats, and vessels having closed-in spaces above their hulls
have their tonnage largely increased." Further, the difference
between "old" and "new" was not believed to affect a compari
son of New England shipbuilding for the years 1855 and
1868. (See Treasury Annual Report, 1868, p. 496.)
Another type of change in maritime law affecting the sta
tistics is illustrated by the act of April 18, 1874 (18 Stat. 31),
which exempted the greater amount of canalboat and other
unrigged tonnage from documentation. (See U.S. Code, title
46, sec. 336.) For 1874-1876, the "balance sheets of tonnage,"
published annually in the source volumes, record the removal
of 879,000 tons of vessels for this reason alone. However,
See also general notes for series Q 153-245 and Q 153-190.
For 1789-1793, tonnage figures are the "duty tonnage," i.e.,
the tonnage of vessels on which duties were collected during
the year. (See American State Papers, cited above in general
note for series Q 153-190, vol. 1, p. 895.) The "duty tonnage"
appears to have been the tonnage on which duties were col
lected on registered vessels, including "the repeated voyages
of the same vessel," plus tonnage of the enrolled and licensed
vessels which paid tonnage duties once each year. (See Ameri
can State Papers, cited above, vol. 1, pp. 494, 498, 528.)
Beginning in 1794, "district tonnage returns" were used, de
rived from reports of District Collectors of Customs, which
gave the tonnage of vessels in each district based on registers,
enrollments, and licenses outstanding, as of December 31.
For 1794-1801, figures are district tonnage returns, with no
attempt to correct for the cumulative error caused by failure
to remove vessels lost, abandoned, sold to aliens, etc. (See
American State Papers, vol. 1, pp. 494, 499.) The figures for
1800-1801 ignore the first clearing of tonnage accounts which
took place during these years. (See American State Papers,
vol. 1, pp. 494-499, 527-531.) The correction for the cumula
tive error for registered vessels only would reduce the 1800
total to 819,571 tons and the 1801 total to 903,235 tons. The
sharp drop attributable to the clearing of tonnage accounts
would thereby be shifted back to 1800 instead of appearing in
1802.
For 1802-1818, the figures in series Q 154 consist of the
"corrected registered" tonnage plus the uncorrected enrolled
or licensed tonnage (see 1813 tonnage report in American State
Papers, cited above, vol. 1, p. 1017). The figures for 1811 and
1818 reflect two additional attempts to clear out the cumula
tive error of registered vessels improperly retained on the
registers. (See American State Papers, vol. 1, pp. 876, 958,
and vol. 2, p. 406.)
The figures shown below in table III are those which were
derived by a method authorized by Secretary of the Treasury
Gallatin. They were reported to Congress in the annual ton
nage reports in American State Papers as being the "actual"
or "more nearly correct" tonnage.
Table III. "Actual Tonnage" of Documented Vessels:
1800 to 1818
[In thousands of gross tons]
Year
181818171816.
18161814181318121811
18101809
Tons
1,1501,3411,264
1.2621,0291,0321,1271,131
1,3291,266
Year
1808.18071806
18051804180318021801
1800
Tons
1,1731,2081,166
1,085983917865850
768
1 Number of vessels. ' As shown in table 10, p. 16, of a' Aa shown in table 16, p. 80, of source. * As shown in table 10, p. 14, of s* As shown in table 16, p. 28, of source.
These were obtained by taking the "corrected registered ton
nage" and adding to it the "duty tonnage" for enrolled and
licensed vessels. Since duties were paid only once each year
on enrolled and licensed vessels, and owners were not likely
to pay duties on nonexistent vessels, it was reasoned that the
lower "duty tonnage" figure more accurately reflected the true
total for the enrolled or licensed craft than did the district
440
WATER TRANSPORTATION Q 163-203
returns of tonnage based on outstanding marine documents.
This correction for enrolled and licensed craft was dropped
after 1818, probably because, beginning 1819, the "duty ton
nage" for this group exceeded the district tonnage returns
for the group.
In American State Papers, vol. 1, p. 499, the tonnage de
scribed as "actual tonnage" in the comparative table for 1794-
1799 is, in fact, the district returns of tonnage without
correction of any kind. Elsewhere in the tonnage report for
1800 (pp. 494-499), and in tonnage reports for later years, the
term "actual tonnage" normally means the district returns
based on outstanding marine documents (registers, enrollments,
and licenses) corrected for cumulative error. In table III, the
term "actual tonnage" is used in the latter sense; the figures
are from annual tonnage reports, 1800-1818, in American State
Papers, vols. 1 and 2.
Q 163-164, vessels, by material of which built. The source
publication also classifies tonnage of each material by type
of propulsion (steam, motor, sail, canalboat, and barge).
Q 165-168, vessels, by trade in which engaged. The source
publication also presents the number of vessels engaged in
each type of trade as well as tonnage. The statutes do not
recognize for documenting purposes any fisheries except the
cod, mackerel, and whale. Vessels engaged in catching any
other fish, such as salmon or menhaden, are documented for
the mackerel fishery.
Figures in early reports identified as "registered," or as
"registered in foreign trade," commonly include the registered
vessels engaged in the whale fishery. Accordingly, figures on
"whale fishery" found in early reports should be examined
carefully to determine whether they represent the entire whal
ing fleet or only the "enrolled or licensed" portion. The term
"fisheries" as used in early volumes refers to cod, and later,
to cod and mackerel fisheries. It rarely includes the whale
fishery.
In terms of documentation as "registered," "enrolled," "li
censed," series Q 165-168 are composed broadly as follows:
Series Q 165 (foreign trade) represents the total "regis
tered" minus "registered whale fishery." The "registered"
whaling tonnage, is, however, included for 1794-1798.
Series Q 166 (coastwise and internal) represents the portion
of the enrolled or licensed group engaged in this trade. The
rest of the enrolled or licensed group is in series Q 168 (cod
and mackerel fisheries).
Series Q 167 (whale fishery) is the "registered whale fish
ery" portion of the registered fleet plus the "whale fishery"
portion of the enrolled or licensed fleet. For 1794-1798, how
ever, the registered whaling tonnage is not included here, but
in series Q 165.
Series Q 168 (cod and mackerel fishery) is the cod and
mackerel fishery portion of the enrolled or licensed fleet. The
rest of the enrolled or licensed group is in series Q 166
(coastwise and internal).
Q 169-174. Documented merchant vessels, by geographic re
gion, 1816-1957.
Source : See source for series Q 153-168.
See also general notes for series Q 153-245 and Q 153-190.
Q 175-177. Documented merchant vessels, by type of service,
1934-1957.
Source : See source for series Q 153-168.
Series Q 177 includes cable, cod, dredging, elevator, ferry,
and miscellaneous. The source presents details for each of
these in recent years.
See also general notes for series Q 153-245 and Q 153-190.
Q 178-182. Merchant vessels built and documented, by type,
1797-1957.
Source : See source for series Q 153-168.
The source publication also presents statistics separately for
steam, motor, and sailing vessels, canalboats, and barges.
Statistics for motor vessels begin in 1893.
For 1938-1957, figures are not comparable with those for
earlier years and are probably understated. They represent
those vessels built during the 12-month period which were still
existent and documented as part of the merchant fleet at the
end of the period. Hence, they exclude vessels completed dur
ing the period which were lost, sold to U.S. Government, sold
to aliens, or otherwise removed from merchant vessel docu
mentation before the end of the period.
See also general notes for series Q 153-245 and Q 153-190.
Q 183-187. Merchant vessels built and documented, by region,
1817-1936.
Source: Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation, Mer
chant Marine Statistics, 19S6, pp. 46-48, and table 2.
See general notes for series Q 153-245 and Q 153-190.
Q 188-190. Merchant vessels built and documented, by region,
1817-1850.
Source: Fold-in table on the history of shipbuilding (1817-
1868) at back of the Annual Report of the Secretary of the
Treasury, 1868.
Source also presents figures separately, for "The United
States," "The Lakes," and "Western Rivers." For a discus
sion of these data see the Annual Report. The source table,
with a more detailed discussion appears as Plate XXII in H. R.,
Ex. Doc. No. Ill, 41st Congress, 2d Session, where the period
covered is extended to 1869, and as Plate X (extended to
1870) in H.R. Ex. Doc. No. 76, 41st Congress, 3d Session.
These three series do not add to series Q 179.
See also general notes for series Q 153-245 and Q 153-190.
Q 191. Persons entering the United States by ship, 1933-1957.
Source: Treasury Department, Annual Report of the Secre
tary of the Treasury on the State of the Finances, various
issues.
Data include persons entering by documented vessels, ex
cluding ferryboats.
Q 192-203. General note.
Net tonnage capacity, as used here, refers to net or regis
tered tonnage of the vessel, not weight of cargo. The net
tonnage is what remains after deducting from the gross ton
nage (defined in general note for series Q 153-190) the spaces
occupied by the propelling machinery, fuel, crew quarters,
master's cabin, and navigation spaces. It represents, sub
stantially, space available for cargo and passengers. It is the
usual basis for tonnage taxes and port charges. The net ton
nage capacity of a ship recorded as "entered with cargo" may
bear little relation to actual weight of cargo. Gross tonnage
and net tonnage are both measures of cubic capacity, not of
weight, 100 cubic feet equalling 1 ton. These terms should
not be confused with the cargo ton of 2,000 pounds. Tonnage
figures shown in series Q 193 and Q 199 for U.S. vessels
entered and cleared, respectively, in foreign trade are greater
than the total tonnage of U.S. vessels documented for the
foreign trade because the "entered" and "cleared" series in
clude tonnage for each vessel as often as it "enters" or "clears"
441
Q 192-237 TRANSPORTATION
each year. The documented tonnage (series Q 154) includes
the tonnage of each vessel once for each year.
These figures include the tonnage of all types of watercraft
engaged in the foreign trade, whether entering or clearing with
cargo or in ballast, which are required to make formal entrance
and clearance under U.S. customs regulations. Vessels en
gaged in trade on the Great Lakes with Canada as well as in
trade with Mexico are also included. Vessels touching at a
U. S. port in distress or for other temporary causes without
discharging cargo, and Army and Navy vessels carrying no
commercial cargo, are not required by customs regulations to
enter or clear and thus are not included in the figures.
Vessels are reported as entered at the first port in the
United States at which entry is made, regardless of whether
any cargo is unladen at that port; arrivals at subsequent ports
are not counted. Vessels are reported as cleared from the last
port in the United States where loading of outward cargo is
completed or where the vessel cleared in ballast; departures
from prior ports are not counted.
Q 192-194. Vessels entered, all ports, 1789-1957.
Source: 1789-1820, Fred J. Guetter and Albert E. McKinley,
Statistical Tables Relating to the Economic Growth of the
United States, McKinley Publishing Co., Philadelphia, 1924, p.
39; 1821-1879, Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation,
Merchant Marine Statistics, 1938, p. 93; 1880-1888, Statistical
Abstract of the United States, 1908, p. 286; 1889-1916,
Statistical Abstract, 1916, p. 338; 1917-1930, Statistical Ab
stract, 1931, p. 474; 1931-1944, Statistical Abstract, 191,7, p.
558 (see general note for series Q 153-245 for the various
agencies which have issued the Statistical Abstract) ; 1945-
1946, Foreign Commerce and Navigation of the United States,
19U7; 1947-1957, Bureau of the Census, Vessel Entrances and
Clearances, Summary Report FT 975, various issues, and rec
ords.
Q 195. Total vessels entered at seaports, 1840-1957.
Source: 1840, Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1946,
p. 546; 1844-1855, Statistical Abstract, 1878, p. 134; 1856-
1879, Statistical Abstract, 1880, p. 138; 1880-1957, see source
for series Q 192-194.
Q 196-197. U.S. and foreign vessels entered at seaports,
1856-1957.
Source: 1856-1879, see source for series Q 195; 1880-1957,
see source for series Q 192-194.
Q 198-200. Vessels cleared, all ports, 1821-1957.
Source: See sources cited for specific periods (except 1789-
1820) for series Q 192-194; the following page numbers apply
respectively to the sources cited: 93, 287, 475, 558, and 592.
Q 201. Total vessels cleared at seaports, 1840-1957.
Source: 1840 and 1850, Statistical Abstract of the United
States, 1946, p. 546; 1863-1879, Statistical Abstract, 1881, p.
138; 1880-1957, see source for series Q 192-194.
Q 202-203. U.S. and foreign vessels cleared at seaports,
1857-1957.
Source: 1857-1879, Statistical Abstract of the United States,
1881, p. 136; 1880-1957, see source for series Q 192-194.
Q 204-209. Value of waterborne imports and exports (includ
ing reexports) of merchandise, 1790-1946.
Source: 1790-1820, see source for series Q 192-194; 1821-
1858, Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation, Merchant
Marine Statistics, 1936, p. 91; 1859-1866, Statistical Abstract
of the United States, 1895, pp. 399-400; 1867-1912, Statistical
Abstract, 1913, pp. 318-319; 1913-1923, Statistical Abstract,
1924, p. 417; 1924-1935, Statistical Abstract, 1946, p. 552 (see
general note for series Q 153-245 for the various agencies
which have issued the Statistical Abstract) ; 1943-1946, Bureau
of the Census, Foreign Commerce and Navigation of the United
States, annual issues.
The primary source of figures for 1790-1820 is J. R. Soley,
"The Maritime Industries of America," The United States of
America (N. S. Shaler, Editor), vol. II, 1894, pp. 522-527,
534, 536, 538. The report gives the percent of imports and
exports in U.S. vessels. Guetter and McKinley (cited above
for series Q 192-194) have derived absolute figures by apply
ing these percentages to total imports and exports of mer
chandise and specie. The primary source of figures for 1821-
1935 is Foreign Commerce and Navigation of the United States,
annual issues. Starting with 1943, import or export statistics
by method of transportation showing shipping weight, as well
as dollar value, have been compiled by the Bureau of the
Census.
Q 210-215. Waterborne imports and exports, by flag of car
rier vessel, 1921-1957.
Source: 1921-1945, Bureau of the Census, Foreign Commerce
and Navigation of the United States, annual issues; 1946-1957,
Bureau of the Census, releases and records.
Excludes cargoes (small in the aggregate) carried by ships
of less than 100 tons gross capacity prior to 1946. Beginning
in 1946 excludes Army and Navy cargo, and includes Alaska,
Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. Beginning in July 1950 excludes
commodities classified for security reasons as "special cate
gory." From July 1953 to December 1955 and beginning July
1956, exports exclude shipments under $500 in value regard
less of shipping weight; for January-June 1956, exports ex
clude shipments under $1,000. Beginning 1954, imports ex
clude shipments under 2,000 pounds shipping weight.
Q 216-229. Waterborne cargo tonnage, foreign and domestic,
1924-1957.
Source: 1924-1953, Corps of Engineers, Annual Report of
the Chief of Engineers, part 2; 1954-1957, Annual Report of
the Chief of Engineers, U. S. Army, on Civil Works Activities,
part 1.
In 1954, part 2 of the Annual Report was superseded by a
separate publication entitled Waterborne Commerce of the
United States (published in several regional parts). Part 6
of this report, National Summaries, presents separate figures
for series Q 221-222 for "Canadian" and "overseas" for recent
years.
Cargo tonnage refers to the weight of cargo and should not
be confused with gross tonnage shown in series Q 153-190 or
the net or registered tonnage capacity shown in series Q 192-
203, which are measures of cubic capacity, not of weight. See
also text for those series.
Q 230-234. Waterborne bulk freight traffic on the Great
Lakes, 1900-1956.
Source: Lake Carriers' Association, Annual Report, 1956,
pp. 62-63.
Includes tonnage moving to or from Canadian or U.S. lake
ports, in Canadian or U.S. bulk carriers.
Q 235-237. Commercial ocean traffic on the Panama Canal,
1915-1957.
Source: 1915-1924, Governor of the Panama Canal, Annual
Report, 1948, p. 10; 1925-1957, Panama Canal Company,
Annual Report, various issues.
Does not include U.S. Government traffic.
442
WATER TRANSPORTATION Q 238-245
Q 238-242. Freight traffic on the Sault Ste. Marie canals,
1855-1900.
Source: Corps of Engineers, Statistical Report of Lake
Commerce Passing Through Canals at Sault Ste. Marie, 1931.
These series include traffic moving through the American
and Canadian canals. Figures for later years may be obtained
from various issues of Corps of Engineers, Annual Report,
part 2, Commercial Statistics. They are not shown here be
cause they pertain only to traffic between Lake Superior and
the other lakes and series Q 230-234 therefore provide more
comprehensive totals of Great Lakes traffic.
Q 243-244. Tonnage moved on New York State canals, 1837-
1957.
Source: State of New York, Department of Public Works,
Annual Report of the Superintendent, annual issues, and
records.
Q 245. Federal expenditures for rivers and harbors, 1822-1957.
Source: 1822-1882, Statement of Appropriations and Ex
penditures for Public Buildings, Rivers and Harbors, Forts,
Arsenals, Armories, and Other Public Works from March U,
1789 to June SO, 1882, U. S. Senate Ex. Doc., vol. 7, No. 196,
47th Congress, 1st Session (Treasury Department Doc. No.
373), pp. 521-522; 1883-1919, Federal Works Agency, records
(compiled from Treasury Department accounts) ; 1920-1957,
Corps of Engineers, Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers,
U.S. Army, part 1, vol. 1, annual issues (in 1954, changed
to Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers, U. S. Army, on
Civil Works Activities, part 1).
Figures include expenditures for rivers, harbors, and flood
control prior to 1928. In 1928, expenditures for flood control
amounted to less than $13,500,000. Figures for 1929-1957 ex
clude expenditures for flood control. The figures include
amounts expended from emergency relief and Public Works
Administration funds, 1933-1937, but exclude $5,500,000 for
purchase of Cape Cod Canal, 1928, expended by and accounted
for by Treasury Department.
443
Q 153-168 TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 153-168. Documented Merchant Vessels, by Major Classes, Material of Which Built, and Trade : 1789 to 1957
[In thousands of tons except number of vessels. Gross tonnage of documented vessels of 6 tons or more. As of December 81, 1789-1834; September 30, 1835-1842; June 80,
Q 153-168. Documented Merchant Vessels, by Major Classes, Material of Which Built, and Trade:
1789 to 1957—Con.
[In thousands of tons except i
1885_1884.1883.1882.1881.
1880.1879.1878.1877.1876.
1876.1874.1873.1872.1871.
1870.1869 _1868.1867.1866 _
Year
Total documented vessels
NumberGrosstons
154
23,96324,08224,21724,36824,065
24,71225,21125,264
25,386 I25,934
32,28532,48632,67281,11429,651
28,99827,48728,167
4,2664,2714,2354,1664,058
4,0684,1704,2134,2434,279
4,8544,8014,6964,4384,283
4,2474,1454,3524,3044,311
Major
Steamandmotor
1,4951,4661,4131,3561,265
1,2121,1761,1681,1711,172
1,1691,1861,1561,1121,088
1,0751,1041,1991,1921,084
Sailing 1
2,3742,4142,3872,3612,360
2,3662,4232,6212,5802,609
2,5852,4742,3832,3252,286
2,3632,4002,5093,1133,227
Canal-boats
and barges
162
397391436449442
490571524491498
1,1001,1411,1561,001909
808641644
Material ofwhich built
Metal '
430387
Wood
3,8363,885
Trade in which
Foreigntrade
1,2631,2771,2701,2591,297
1,3141,4521.5891,6711,554
1,5161,3901,3791,3591,364
1,4491,4961,4871,5161,388
Coastwiseand
internal
2,8952,8842,8382,7962,646
2,6382,5982,4972,5402,599
3,2203,2933,1632,9302,766
2,6382,5162,7022,6602,720
Whalefisheries
167
Cod and
mackerelfisheries
25 8327 8832 9633 7889 78
M 7840 8040 8741 9189 88
28 8089 7846 11052 98SI 98
88 9170 6378 8462 76
106 98
Year
18661864186318621861.
1860185918581857.1866.
186518641868.18621851
1860.1849.18481847.1846.
18451844184319421841.
184018391888.1837.1836.
188618841833.18321831
1830182918281827
Totaldocumentedvessels,grosstons
154
097986155112540
5,3545,1456,0504,9414,872
5,2124,8034,4074,1383,772
3,6353,3343,1542,8392,662
2,4172,2802,1592,0922,181
2,1812,0961,9961,8971,882
1,8251,7591,6061,4391,268
1,1921,2611,7411,6211,534
Major
Steamandmotor
155
,067978576710877
868769729706
878
770677605643584
628462428405848
326272237230175
195193155146
123123102
9169
8454394034
Sailing
161
4,0304,0084,5804.4024,663
4,4864,3764,3204,2354,199
4,4424,1263,8023,4953,189
3,0102,8722,7262.4342,214
2,0912,0081,9221,8631,966
1,9781,9011,8021.7421,737
1,7021,6361,5041,3491,198
1,1271,2071,7021,5801,600
Trade in which engaged
Foreign
trade
1,5181,4871,9272,1742,497
2,3792,3222,3012,2682.302
2,3482,1521,9101,7061,645
1,4401,2591,1691,047943
904900857824788
768702703683753
788749649614538
538593758702696
Coastwiseand
internal
166
3,3823,2452,9612,6172,705
2,6452,4812,4012,3372,248
2,5432,3222,1342,0561,900
1,7981,7701,6591,4891,316
1,2231,1101,0761,0461,107
1,1771,1541,041957873
797784744650640
517509843789
722
Whalefisheries
167
849599
118146
167186199196189
187182193194182
146180193194187
191169153152
157
187132125129146
981081027383
4057554642
Cod andmackerelfisheries
168
113159168204193
168157149140132
134147169183146
152125133109
116
98101737178
104108127127
110
142117111102107
98102
868474
Year
1825..1824..1823..1822..1821..
1820..1819..1818..1817..1816..
1815..1814..1813..1812..1811..
1810..1809..1808..1807..1806-
1805..1804..1808..1802..1801..
1800..1799..1798. .1797..1796..
1795..1794..1793..1792 ».1791 •.
1790 •1789 •.
Totaldocumentedvessels,grosstons
154
1,4231,3891,3371,3251,299
1,2801,2611,2251,4001,872
1,3681,1591,1671,2701,233
1,4251,3501,2431,2691,209
1,1401,042
949892948
972939898877832
748629521564502
478
Major
Steamandmotor
2322252323
221713
96
33321
11
(«)(»)
Sailing
1,4001,3681,8121,3041,276
1,2581,2431,2131,3911,366
1,3651,1561,1641,2681,231
1,4241,3501,2421,2681,209
1,1401,042949892948
972939898877832
748629521564502
478202
Trade in which engaged
Foreigntrade
665637600583594
584581590805
801
854675673759764
981907765840799
744661586558631
667657603598577
529439368411363
846124
Coastwiseand
internal
166
641642618624615
588571549525522
476466471478420
406405421349341
888318299290275
272247251237
218
184163122121106
10469
Whalefisheries
35334149
28
863217
61
11335
4459
11
8121238
36112
34
Cod andmackerelfisheries
168
81777869
72766965
48
8718203043
8634527059
57
4239
2930434135
8123313233
28
9
1 For 1920-1987, tonnage for vessels with electric screw included in total (seriesQ 156 or Q 159) but excluded from series Q 167, Q 168, and Q 160. Maximum suchtonnage included in series Q 166 is 201,246 in 1933 and maximum in series Q 159 is91,470 in 1934.
* Includes gasoline engines, not shown separately.' Includes canalboats and barges prior to 1868.* Includes iron, steel, composite, concrete, bronze, and aluminum.
4 Beginning 1937, excludes mackerel.' Increase due to documentation of 1 large vessel on Atlantic Coast.
7 Not available.> Less than 500 tons.' Figures for 1789 are for ships paying tonnage duties during the last 6 months of
the year. Figures for 1790-1792 are for ships paying duties at some time during the
year.
445
Q 169-174 TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 169-174. Documented Merchant Vessels, by Geographic Region: 1816 to 1957
[In I Gross tonnage of documented vessels ol 5 net tons or more. As of December 31, 1816-1834; September 30, 1836-1842; June 30, 1843-1940; January 1
1 Comprises all porta except northern border ports.1 As of June 30; figures (in thousands of tons) for July-Dec. are as follows:
Series Q 192, 26,029; aeries Q 193, 11,006; series Q 194, 14,028; series Q 195, 16,113;
series Q 196, 5,747; series Q 197, 10,366; series Q 198, 25,472; series Q 199, 11,223;Q 200, 14,249; series Q 201, 16,112; series Q 202, 5,614; and series 4 203, 10,498.ported as 8,169 (thousands of net tons) in Statistical Abstract, 1967, p.56.
451
Q 204-209 TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 204-209. Value of Waterborne Imports and Exports (Including Reexports) of Merchandise: 1790 to 1946
(In millions of dollars. For yean ending September 30, 1790-1842; June 30, 1843-1915; December 31 thereafter. Includes gold and silver coin and bullion to 1879, importsand exports by land prior to 1871; and all waterborne foreign commerce of ports on the Great Lakes)
Imports Exports
Year TotalU.S. Foreign
vesselsTotal
U.S.
MM
204 205 206 207 208 20»
1865 249 74 174 366 93 263
1864 330 81 248 340 103 237
1863 253 110 143 332 132 200
1862 206 92 118 230 125 105
1861 336 202 134 249 180 69
1860. 362 228 184 400 279 121
1859 339 216 123 357 250 107
1868 283 204 79 325 243 81
1857 361 259 102 363 251 112
1856.. 315 260 66 327 232 96
1855 261 202 59 276 203 72
1854 301 215 86 276 191 84
1853 268 192 76 231 155 76
1852 208 156 63 210 139 70
1851.. 216 164 53 218 152 66
1850.. 178 140 38 152 100 52
1849 148 120 27 146 101 46
1848 165 129 26 154 110 44
1847 147 113 33 154 100 54
1846 122 106 16 113 87 27
1845 117 102 15 116 87 28
1844.. 108 94 14 111 78 33
1843 65 50 16 84 65 19
1842. 100 89 11 105 80 25
1841 128 113 15 122 95 27
1840 107 93 14 132 106 26
1839 162 144 18 121 96 26
1838 115 104 11 108 89 19
1837. 141 122 19 117 91 26
1836 189 171 18 129 97 32
1835.. 160 135 15 122 94 28
1834. 127 114 13 104 78 27
1833.. 108 98 10 90 68 22
1832 101 90 11 87 66 21
1831 103 94 9 81 66 16
1830 71 66 4 74 64 10
1829. 74 69 5 72 62 10
1828. 89 82 7 72 61 11
1827 79 75 5 82 72 10
1826 85 81 4 78 70 8
1825. 96 92 4 100 89 11
1824 81 75 5 76 67 9
1823 78 72 6 76 66 9
1822 83 77 6 72 61 11
1821. 63 58 5 65 55 10
1820 74 67 7 70 62 8
1819 87 67 20 70 68 13
1818 122 103 18 93 76 19
1817 _. 99 78 21 88 66 23
1816 147 107 40 82 56 26
1815 113 87 26 63 37 15
1814. 18 8 5 7 4 3
1813 22 16 6 28 18 10
1812 77 66 12 39 31 8
1811 63 48 6 61 68 »
1810. 85 79 6 67 60 7
1809 59 62 7 52 44 8
1808 67 63 4 22 20 3
1807 139 130 8 108 98 11
1806 129 120 9 102 90 11
1805 121 112 8 96 86 11
1804 85 77 8 78 67 111803. 65 56 9 66 46 9
1802 76 67 9 72 61 11
1801 111 101 10 93 81 12
1800 91 83 8 71 62 9
1799 79 71 8 79 68 101798 69 62 6 61 63 8
1797. 76 69 6 61 46 6
1796. 81 77 5 69 63 6
1795 70 64 6 48 42 6
1794 36 31 8 33 28 6
1793. 31 26 6 26 20 6
1792._ 32 21 10 21 13 8
1791 29 17 12 19 10 9
1790 23 9 14 20 | 8 12
Imports
Total
3,691
1,8131,4461,2871,1641,829
2,6353,8073,5503,6623,891
3,7163,1453,3122,7042,187
4,7313,4142,5772,5902,157
1,5261,7381,6981,6511,436
1,4671,2411,1231,3401,140
1,039923960847776
806664;>m;729744
699625822788804
749707692665611
556648700702625
653454454481465
641681647
623
462437372418446
U.S.
2,239
649528461431619
1,2061,1331,2151,195
1,1511,0121,040921765
1,9881,228
717733532
281199193171147
147151152177168
161132124
10293
1048294109117
108122127139127
125121124121119
113135136130134
149144146162143
168176176177163
153137123117112
1,452
1,164917826734
1,210
1,7372,6022,4182,4472,696
2,5662,1332,2721,7831,422
2,7432,1861,8601,8571,625
1,2451,6391,5051,3801,290
1,3191,090
9711,164
971
878791836745683
701582492620627
691604696649677
624586568543492
444513564572492
503310307330321
383406472445363
309301249301333
Exports
Total
207
7,7057,86011,38210,275
1,9731,8371,4711,3862,043
3,1684.3224,2774,0974,060
4,2244,0103,5393,2813,888
7,2527,0905,2266,4034,820
2,4662,0482,0751,8801,774
1,5161,4811,6701,6621,660
1,3551,3081,2811,2681,376
1,2841,1431,158986821
758843804997853
825714674695660
718714799738894
830729786695660
658708666662683
530439477461566
U.S.
4,6924,0525,5824,828
706658515476732
1174X7
473134401
1,4731,5321,3581,2611,402
3,1652,596
986946666
291170188152134
114108121142154
13097Ml8484
91796880
70
■27471
8179
7883677378
8299
10497117
109128167165168
156174172168190
200153175181214
Foreignvessels
3,0133,8085,8005,447
1,2681,179956909
1,311
2,0512,8352,8042,6632,649
2,7612,4782,1812,0202,486
4,0874,4944,2404,4574,155
2,1761,8781,8871,7291,641
1,4031,3731,5501,5211,396
1,2251,2111,1901,1741,292
1,1931,0651,090
906751
695769733916774
747631606
636615694641777
721601570580492
502534495394393
330286302281352
■Data are for years ending 3
aerie* Q 208, 200; series Q 209,June 30.i, 1,425.
Figures (in millions of dollars) for July-Dec. are as follows: Series Q 204, 817; aeries Q 206, 179; series Q 206, 638; series Q 207, 1,625;
452
WATER TRANSPORTATION Q 210-229
Series Q 210-215. Waterborne Imports and Exports, by Flag of Carrier Vessel: 1921 to 1957
[mi
Total
210
172,287169,472
141, 128120,686119,003107,421100,603
96,70377,37167,41659,20349,184
39,42633,32030,98827,393
44,66742,064
Imports
U.S.
211
34,58439,394
37,40986,29138,46841,68342,886
42,26841,36440,52887,68282,340
31,41626,20924,74017,899
17.32212,459
Foreignvessels
212
187,708120,078
108.71684,39580,53566,78857,767
54,43686,00726,88821,62116,844
8,0117,1116,2489,994
27,34529,595
Exports
Total
218
165,392144,766
112,44578,17880,649103,048115,690
62,68671,86688,312
124,81787,048
61,60866,21547,76641,670
60,92961,697
U.S.
214
28,91127,804
22,08318,87819,44880,41743,232
20,37926,13634,60161,06249,799
37,72934,00225,30216,227
12,93910,557
Foioreigneasels
215
136,481117,461
90,36169,80061,10172,63072,458
42,80646,72953,81063,25437,244
28,87421,21322,46326,443
47,99061,140
Year
193819371986
19351934193319321931
19801929192819271926
19261924192319221921
Imports
Total
210
36,75647,11048,003
88,04233,39229,76532,15640,168
63,27057,10353,08347,24660,049
48,31145,80748,49150,04487,167
U.S.
211
13,52714,96714,780
16,82014,29912,34014,92319,168
27,80128,26027,08924,03323,688
28,76024,96825,51831,28626,269
Foreignvessels
212
23,23032,143
22,22119,09217.41517,23221,000
25,46928,84425,99323,21226,411
24,55120,83922,97318,76810,898
Exports
Total
213
62,28661,10544,480
42,72842,36036,27235,66644,855
65.69964,37265,88963,76876,316
55,62658,53354,97047,60254,477
U.S.
11,60212,1899,660
9,78910,5679,8579,12612,396
16,70320,07121,60220,93919,177
17,60320,51518,13118,87120,784
i U. S. Army and Navy cargo, and Great Lakes.
Series Q 216-229. Waterborne Cargo Tonnage, Foreign and Domestic: 1924 to 1957
In thousands of short tons of 2,000 pounds. For definition of cargo tonnage, see text. Net totals are derived by <(1) Traffic between seaports and river points, and (2) "Other duplications," comprising principally coastwise and lake tother than the St. Marys Falls Canal and the Detroit River)
ations from unadjusted totals:
Year
1957.
194819471946
1944194319421941
19401939193819371936
19351934193319321931
1930192919281927
Foreign and do-
Nettotal
216
1,131,4011,092,913
1,016,136867,640923,548887,722924,128
820,684740,721793,2001766,817617,0
618,906605,928680,581589,900653,600
607,900569,400466,900683,100625,842
453,331414,3081394,1041342,489445,648
520,280583,800539,200532,500540,500
483,400463,700
Unadjustedtotal
217
878,803
870,282869,954804,104827,624920,634
836,416769,689664,751745,082649,860
543,270480,893447,244390,323493,442
591,331655,045608,001594,755602,196
548,200487 , 167
Foreign commerce
Total
218
358,540326,690
271,103213,844217,396227,326232,066
169,225165,358162,971188,256148,877
172,094153,736127,28499,221120,652
111,255112,667105,182114,41890,247
81,63977,89869,46670,42989,525
114,110
127,510!126,7681120,623181,293
108,5481101,562
Through seaports
Imports
219
176,236163,849
144,276|123,503120,595108,674101,813
96,29977,15868,07857,36647,948
44,52639,44133,07725,97454,616
40,74037,85433,88643,76437,607
33,94230,55327,67029,84387,376|
46,44851,59146,69043,388|44,834
42,79836,425
Exports
146,890126,448
95,40465,24463,78085,07297,603
43,64065,74065,404101,99676,589
100,33382,61363,08646,02340,605
49 , 56867,71155,47652,91037,164
33,92233,57031,19730,03938,841
48,14855,76166,15156,65069,859
49,25149,008
Great Lakes ports
Imports
221
10,11610,865
8,6815,9217,3877,2876,935
5,6834,8394,2194,7964,163
6,5118,0557,1204,4884,628
4,1184,9415,1104,1025,423
4.7164,2873, 03413,0724,016
7,5906,3868,5488,0986,424
7,8174,962
Exports
222
1 Figures for 1924-1946 are approximations, excluding duplications in domestictraffic. There are, however, some minor duplications in figures for foreign traffic.
i Includes figures for harbor traffic of New York, Philadelphia, and San Francisco;
local traffic of other seaports, and local traffic of lake porta.
25,29826,027
22,74219,17626,63526,29325,706
23,60317,62625,27024,09820,177
20,72423,62724,00122,73620,802
16,82912,16110,71013,63710,163
9,0599,4887,5667,4759,293
11,92413,77315,37912,48710,176
9,18711,167
Domestic commerce
Approximate nettotal '
223
772,862766.223
745,0381653,796!706,151660,396692,073
651,359575,363630,229578,561468,155
446,812452 , 192453,297490,679632,948
496,645456,733361,718468,687435,595
371,692336,410324,638272,060356,123
406,170456,290412,432411,977409,207
374,852352,138
Unadjustedtotal
224
729,926
698,188706,218676,820728,403799,982
726,161657,022559,569630,619659,613
461,631402,996377,778319,894403,917
477,221627,534481,233474,232470,903
439,652885,605
Between ports
Coastwise
196,419206,910
195,718187,240188,758184,207186,769
182,544161,431174,081153,098137,609
90,70570,80660,00974,016155,927
167,027150,983138,6451149,740132,516
115,561113,349110,67594,434113,949
117,821124,999119,264121,036108,023
106,09088,554
GreatLakes
Localtraffic ofseaportsand Great
226
182,150173,991
184,809145,364188,621164,112178,463
169,881145,592172,491163,180138,617
167,900164,971159,458172,606163,161
141,103113,30972,846135,0751115,250
83,628171,68568,91139,54471,788
109,791135,838119,301112,805115,791
110,62692,563
ports1
110,824114,364
112,863102,719102,562103,972112,029
106,906102,637
113,959112, (91,225!
97,822106,194106,278104,189
98,728
97,63287,71076,21691,05988,024
76,68360, 998 155,20764,845167,630|
79,41489,628176,72878,02088,2701
69.98177,2701
Betweenseaportsandriverports
228
281,066269,734
249,693217,061224,957216,644213,406!
190,789165,703169,698149,61581,668
87,07395,82193,68992, 748 185,368
70,21762,01456,03455,295|44,337
86,72034,89426,03027,24237,327
37,69141,99539,87040,66936,798
49,787134,101
On rivers,canals,and
connecting
' Excludes St. Marys Falls Canal traffic and additional Detroit River traffic, bothof which are already counted in Great Lakes traffic; also excludes duplications relatingto rivers and canals I'
««8910 O - 40 - 30 463
Q 230-242 TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 230-234. Waterborne Bulk Freight Traffic on the Great Lakes: 1900 to 1956
[In thousands of short tons]
Year
1956.1955.1954.1953.1952.1961.
1950.1949.1948.1947.1946.
1946.1944.1943.1942.1941.
1940.1939.1938.1987.1986.
1936.1934.1983.1932.1931.
1930.1929.1928.
Total
192,267193,759151,298199,697168,677189,750
177,953151,697185,612177,606147,956
176,083184,159176,663182,731172,287
145,216114,23076,118134,688114,415
82,88776,73971,37341,67374,149
112,629138,574127,831
Iron
on
231
89,81999,87168,090107,34683,90099,783
87,59177,90292,89087,24666,478
84,80190,91194,534103,12589,732
71,85850,48221,67670,11160,201
81,76624,91924,2183,997
26,284
52,17378,02860,458
Coal
232
57,37563,37846,36751,03546,28460,946
67,64040,93060,56458,06053,727
55,24660,16351,96962,53453,536
49,32040,36834,62344,31944,699
35,28985,47781,77724,85731,176
88,07239,25534,823
Grain
233
14,82010,78811,86614,31716,21513 , 160
9,82712,6439,87711,40910,198
18,71816,22911,8108,50211,887
9,64511,17210,6795,8297,434
6,7607,9518,7138,8909,480
9,86110,02116,372
Stone
30,75329,72224,97526,99923,27825,871
23,89620,32222,28220,89117,552
16,81816,85617,34018,57017,633
14,89312,2088,24114,42912,081
9,0827,3926,6663,9297,209
12,48816,27016,678
Year
19271926.
1926.19241923.19221921
1920.1919191819171916
19151914191319121911
19101909190819071906
19051904190319021901
1900
Total
120,760121,289
118,29298,047121,02989,45568,034
106,51991,762114,614116,102117,063
93,05072,940100,01887,17468,646
80,01571,95453,79174,74366,152
68,00840,33145,57144,37437,064
35,298
Iron
231
57,24065,663
60,57147,78766,12247,72724,977
65,56152,83968,49569.99872,603
51,87735,86454,95953,12935,987
47,78846,68628,47946,24542,015
87,49423,77426,48830,28422,576
20,799
Coal
2S2
84,79431,011
28,04925,86133,13719,86926,661
26,41026,42432,10281 , 19828,440
26,22027,28233,36224,67325,700
26,47818,61719,28821,48717,274
14,40112,87013,3519,1969,820
8,908
Grain
2*1
14,69312,087
13,82016,22311,85014,26712,470
6,7366,0926,5497,16210,656
11,0999,79411,6979,8726,959
5,8046,6616,0247,0116,863
6,1134,1876,7324,8944,668
6,691
Stone
JM
14,03312,628
11.3629,2269.9207,5923,926
7,8226,4077,4686,7495,554
3,854
Series Q 235-237.
[For years ending June 30. Includes oceangoingtonnage, or
Commercial Ocean Traffic on the Panama Canal: 1915 to 1957
it) for i_ vessels and foreign naval vessels of 300 net tons and over (Panama Canal iton displacement and over for vessels rated on displacement tonnage]
1,172; 1931, 987. In these figures, a barrel handled by two or
more pipelines in succession is counted each time it is handled.
In the figures for barrels originated, this duplication is avoided.
Q 246-264 TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 246-259. Mileage of Rural Roads and Municipal Streets: 1904 to 1957
Year
1967.1966.
1954.1953-1962.1961.
1949.1948.1947.1946.
1946.1944.1943.1942.1941.
1940.1939.1938.1987.1936.
1935.1934.1933.1932.1931.
1929.1928.1927.1926.
1925.1924.1923.1922.1921.
Total existing mileage
Total
246
1,000miles
3,4533.480
8.4183.3953,3663,3433,326
3,3133,3223,3233,3268,316
8.3193,8113,3113,3093,309
3,0173,0072,9922,9823,006
3,0603,050
Rural roads >
Total
247
1.000miles
2,9662,957
2,9542,9412,9252,9262,925
2,9222,9342,9292,9332,934
2,9892,9322,9302,9252,926
2,9202,9132,8982,8942,920
3,0323,0343,0298,0408,036
8,0093,0243,0163,0133,000
3,0063,0042,9962,9602.925
Stateadministered
Prima-
ry
248
1,000miles
891
387379377371367
363358350337842
339335333334332
329328327327
840
332325346358329
324314306293288
276261252227203
Secondary andcountyroads
249
1.000miles
2S2226
222218214219217
110206206212205
202200200199196
US194194189177
1731701358445
Countyroadaunderlocal
control
250
1.000miles
2,8432,342
2,8452,3442,3342,3352,341
2,8492,3702,3732,3842,887
2.3982,8972,3972,3922,398
2,3962,3912,3772,3782,403
2,6272,5392,6482,5982,662
2,6852,7102,7102,7202,712
2,7312,7432,7442,7332,722
Municipalandother
mileage
251
1,000
487
478
464454441418401
391388394393382
380379381884383
8784948886
1816
Existing surfaced mileage
Total 1
252
1,000
2,3712,828
2,2782,2282,1602,0701,998
1,9391.8651,8151,7851,780
1,7211,6651,6461,6301,607
1,8671,3181,2761,2821,175
1,080992914879830
884662626589550
521472439412387
Under Statecontrol *
High-typeroada
253
Miles
287281
270262252245236
227174172170
170
188167166165162
153151149144
181
12812411611086
8475686054
484134
Low-
typerosds
254
nu
ns335
840333332328323
316350338330817
812309306302296
286286277265262
246237195156146
142133125117109
879078
Mileage built by State highway departments
Total'
255
Miles
52,97167,454
63,55955,48852,88657,84751,471
55,48746,17641,96832,87021,718
16,27815,08015,97119,67382,634
32 , 59432,99636,32835,627
Roada under State control
Total
256
Miles
89,67544,016
41,12042,05341,74446,35441,864
44,26635,24185,08529,57920,858
14,82713,92414,69218,08130.554
29,69630,67134,60428,94582,274
26,81441,73033,47136,97144,634
86,27732 , 52229,25226,72326,652
28,15223 , 16420,311
Earthroads
257
IfOn
874486
694866
1,2641,2381,603
1,7841,5171,4031,013417
260289458
1,0881,843
1,4231,7201,1871,8283,361
3,2846,9176,2586,39410,096
7,8187,4518,6767,1617,060
5,8165,9576,814
High-type
surface
Miles
19,47620,726
17,67219,73017,80717,81116,122
13,3797,4877,7536,2244,900
8,9713,9254,4464,1706,304
6,2235,0215,7576,5324,706
3,8066,3867,41210,00912,513
10,7878,8478,7486,7336,132
Low-
Miles
19,82622,804
22, 75421,45722,67327,30525,139
29,10226,23725,92922,34215,541
10,6069,7109,78812,87822,907
23,04923,93027,66020,58624,207
19,72429,42719,80119,56822,026
16,67716,22411.82912,83918,360
6,686 11,1506,697 10,6105,628 8,869
Year
19201919191819171916
19151914191319121911
19101909190819071906
19061904
mileage,
total
1,000
313
276257244231217
190183176168
161154
1 Includes extensions of county, town, and township roads but excludes rural mileagenot under State or local control.
1 Includes all surfaced mileage whether under State or local control.a Includes State highway extensions within cities.
4 Beginning in 1937, includes special construction _Highway Departments on county and local roads notstreets other than urban extensions of State highwayinstitutional roads; etc.
as mileage built by StateState control; on cityon forest, park, and
Series Q 260-264. Mileage and Cost of Federal-Aid Highway Improvements: 1917 to 1957
1957.1966.
1966.1954.1958.1962.1961.
1960.1949.1948.1947.1946.
1946.1944.1943.1942.1941.
1940.1989.
Miles of highway
Totaldesignated i
part offederal
780,989765,920
749,166725,963704,150675,121664,464
648,989632,037611,882599,338566,787
808,741367,690388,706380,061816,482
286,482
Completedduringyear "
261
22,42423,609
22,57120,54821,13622,14717,060
19,87619,87621,72515,4736,067
3,0364,4787,7586,8989,784
11,649
11,776
Cost (81,000,000) •
Total
1,7141,444
1,2871,1461,078978772
753829763422147
101135273226274
268306
Federalfunda
968757
666591559505
880
880425397224
86
76109219143148
150176
Statefunds
746
687
621555619472882
864404366198
61
25265483
126
118130
Yearor
period
1988.1937.1936.
1935.1984.1938.1932.1931.
1980.1929.1928.1927.1926.
192519241928
19221917-1921.
Miles of highway
Totaldesignated i
part ofFedei
229,906226,829224,450
219,869212,496207,194205,026198,967
198,652189,853188,017187,035184,162
179,601174,607169,007
Completedduringyear "
261
11,76621,33012,258
12,81121,20818,21910,85516,902
10,3398,6819,76610,22010,728
11,00110,9467,49411,18812,919
Cost (81,000,000) '
Total
309
621238
242358264205
826
237197196189215
221205130186222
Federalfunds
183348226
21831122396
228
10080838498
10093678095
Statefunds
125173
18
24474111097
187117
113105122
12111273
106127
1 Includes estimates on Federal-aid primary system throughout, Federal-aid onsecondary systems beginning in 1942, and national system of interstate and defensehighways beginning in 1961. Estimates as of end of calendar-year.
s Comprises new and rebuilt mileage.
1 Represents actual expenditures of funda on calendar-year basis,money spent on public works and defense highways,secondary highways.
1935,mo,
458
HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION Q 265-279
Series Q 265-279. State Highway Finances: 1890 to 1957
■ Include* road, bridge, and ferry tolls; property taxes; appropriations from general
funds; and other State imposts.' Includes funds of Bureau of Public Roads and other agencies paid as i
merit to the States. Does not include direct Federal expenditures for highways.1 Includes refunding issues and toll reveni
' Includes administration, engineering and equipment; State highway police; interest on obligations for State highways; and retirement of obligations for State highways.
' Includes expenditures and funds transferred for nonhighway ]of collecting and administering highway-user revenue.
459
Q 280-293 TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 280-293. Funds Contributed and Disbursed for County and Other Local Rural Roads: 1921 to 1956
[In millions of dollars)
Year
195619551954195319521961
19501949194819471946
19451944194319421941
19401939193819371936
19351934193319321931
19301929192819271926
19251924192319221921
Funds contributed
Total'
1,7671,7651,5731,5411.4311,267
1,1991,1601.055
928729
584542581683
826
9371,0001,022
618654558
649784
819790835840776
688603572580624
Federalfunds 1
281
9077786748
4653412612
111634
96198
373401240841
9615425
(')1
State i
Total
282
864818779728648
608588539438355
280273292307827
818308289302
286
816223222208209
196154135125108
10244403022
Highway-user
imposts
281
680651628592554610
470443403346287
247234243266280
272258246245224
205218203204202
196154135125108
102
444030
Directexpenditures «
284
225186163160148112
108122
976932
1932
448735
86373U46
Other
282727272626
2523892336
1475
412
1113131211
10619
47
Local sources
Total
286
'744
810677683634
670
650518474464361
253255281800
809319332327
818
808277311441674
628636700715
668
681559532550602
Propertytaxes,generalfunds,andother
287
'606690569551521472
448408381349305
206242244257265
277281280279269
266251296389498
628525550534
499
487401403400400
Tollreceipts
288
'161514131312
12111087
65564
33
31
Borrowing'
122205
94119100
86
90ss8810749
661931
2935494749
4826155281
96111150181169
144158129
160202
Disbursements
Total
298
1,4821,3881,3131,2541,1601,038
966931870749801
448435421510
666
766832868704
771
496540432518648
701644659643588
544534521590596
Capitaloutlay 1
291
'646583540513456359
881358325261164
8090190828
447513647384
464
204252140177257
297257282289266
265256242330337
Maintenanceand
adminis-ltration
1 For 1940-1956, includes contributions from urban places not shown elsewhere.
(81 million in 1956).1 The following amounts of Federal work-relief funds (mainly Works Progress Ad
ministration) are included for 1933-1942, respectively (in millions of dollars): 26,160. 91, 839, 221, 889, 862, 296, 189, and 78.
1 Work performed directly by Stateincluded in disbursements.
• Refunding issues excluded after 1937.
' Estimated.• Less than 8600,000.
460
HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 294-309. Funds Contributed and Disbursed for Streets in Incorporated and Other Urban Places:
1921 to 1956
[In mUUona of dollars)
1956.1955.1954-1953.1952.1951.
1950.1949.1948.1947.1946.
1945-1944.1943.1942.1941.
1940.1939,1938.1937.1936.
1935.1934.1933.1932.1931.
1930.1929.1928.1927.1926.
1925.1924.1923.1922.1921.
Total'
1,4451,4731.3541,1951,104976
M8947788677614
408294
63970883761567a
4»0568438538741
911861843849
7S0
696578403176M7
Federalfunds 1
2M
n
8i
46105
168233367203164
103172
State
Total
M6
282274258223196177
176165
119109
5253587261
5356
II
2325181720
12141046
Highway-user
imposts
297
•250
238226197174166
161143103
9672
4645485964
5352464831
25181720
12141046
Directexpenditure
US
323632262221
2622161411
681013
7
91078
Local sources
Total
1,1161,1611,049932871767
728747647554424
847232217297368
897401407350867
352366386516716
847833845724
691573403876337
Highway-user
imposts
'585660483525
2823201712
11
ToUreceipts
301
•49
4643424137
8126242120
14
Property
generalrevenues,miscellaneous
302
'767736683646594523
612511482
894880
802220205255295
847382366335348
885337373474643
787725718730624
678482403376337
Borrowing 1
Rural
242 <86328 80273 86196 31201 31182 25
162 29187 30121 18122 1262 7
20 912 912 642 878 10
60 12
19 12
41 1016 6
19 11
17 1229 513 642 572 5
112122115115100
11891
Total
305
1,2131,1541,0611,007983889
802796679562
891
810321321404480
667665778
684648
461534420491668
799739728784680
682482403376337
Capitaloutlay 1
561531476443404866
866350267221106
5874
68159241
541375401
228286167211350
478429444453878
867285226213191
Maintenanceand
repair
897
505484459446413382
860350327267
194167171162155
189160156133166
146148
147166193
197196180182167
147130120116108
Interest
308
555249454442
4243403987
8952546668
6156555460
6875828788
9182746962
6445372920
Administration
928777737269
6458453521
1928282726
23252622
26
2425242732
8832303028
24222019
18
1 Includes since 1949 other items not shown elsewhere. s Refunding issues excluded
' The following amounts of Federal work-relief funds (mainly Works Progress Ad- ' Estimated.ministration) are included for 1933-1942 respectively (in millions of dollars) : 29, 172, ' Less than $500,000.
103, 264, 208, 867, 288, 167, 104, and 44.
1940.
461
Q 310-320 TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 310-320. Motor-Vehicle Factory Sales and Registrations, and Motor-Fuel Usage: 1900 to 1957
[Number sold includes sales of military vehicles. Value of sales does not include Federal excise taxes. Beginning 1937, standard equipment is included in the value
flying, and other flying (testing, experimental, ferrying, Civil
Air Patrol, etc.). Separate data on these five categories are
given in the source.
Q 384-397. Air transportation accidents, 1927-1957.
Source : See source for series Q 345-351.
An aircraft accident is considered to be any occurrence,
while the aircraft is operating as such, which results in fatal or
serious injury to persons or appreciable damage to the aircraft.
The aircraft is considered to be "operating as such" from the
time the engine is started for purposes of flight until the flight
is completed; in the case of gliders, while they are under tow
or gliding.
Propeller accidents to persons are included. A collision be
tween two or more aircraft is counted as one accident
Data include military contract operations for 1956 and 1957,
but not for earlier years. Scheduled cargo carriers are in
cluded for 1949-1957, but not for earlier years.
465
Q 345-351 TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 345-351. Aircraft Production and Exports: 1913 to 1957
[For 1913-1925, production figures represent deliveries)
Production
Number of aircraft produced
Total
345
(•)(•)
S()BQ
m
«17,71786,670
•49,761
"96,818< 85, 898•47,836•26,277
12,8045,856|3,6233,7783,010
For U.S.military
(•)(•)
J
M2,1001,669
•47,714•96,318•85,898•47,836•19,433
' 6,019921925858858
Other 1
6,7467,205
4,8203,8894,1343,5092,477
3,5208,5457,80215,61786,001
2,047
2*1
a»)6,844
6,7864,9352,6982,9152,152
Value ofaU
products 1($1,000)
348
o
|o
o
0Q(')
"8,279,00010 16,047,000
"12,514,000'•6,817,000>• 1,804,000
'•870,000
247,906198,293114,09878,149
Exports •
Aircraft exported •
Number
2,0251,711
1,7141,0531,8771,180894
756881
2,2598,1262,302
7,59916,64413,86510,4486,011
3.5221,220875628627
Value(si.ooo)
248,943171,097
129,924102,73691,00326,62018,606
44,28727,16566,35474,47766,258
663 , 1291.589,8011,216,848879,995422,764
196,26167,11837,97721,07611,602
Value ofall
exports I
($1,000)
351
1,028,7291,064,838
727,549
(')
Q
(•)(■)
163,629172,190115,320
1,148,8522,825,9272,142,6111,857,845626,929
811,871117,80768,22839,40423,143
Year
1935..1984. .1933..1932. .1931..
1930..1929..1928..1927..1926..
1925..1924..1923..1922..1921..
1920..1919..1918..1917..1916..
1915..1914..1913..
Production
Number of aircraft produced
Total
345
1,7101,6151,3241,8962,800
3.4376,1934,3461,9951,186
789877743263487
328780
14,0202,148
411
1784a43
For U.S.military
336393331500853
836779847609478
445
317687226389
256682
13.9912,013
142
261614
Other '
1,3741,222
993896
1,947
2,6016,4148,4991,386
708
34460568748
729829136
1623429
Value ofaU
products 1($1,000)
348
42,60643,89283,35734,86148,640
60,84691,06164,66230,89717,695
12,775
(')13,142
(7)
7,431
m ,14,378|
<
(')790
(')
Exports 1
Aircraft exported *
Number
349
3334904062801140
8213481626350
8059488748
668520135
1523429
Value($1,000)
350
6,5998,196]6.3914,3591,813
4,8205,4851,760849303
511413309157315
598778206
1,0022,158
95818982
Value ofall
exports*($1,000)
351
14,29117,6639,1807,9474.868
8,8189,1253,6651,9041,027
784798
1,16318,1679,0844.1357,002
1.541226108
Civil1 Identified as "Shipments of complete civilian aircraft" for 1948-1957 :Aeronautics Administration, Statistical Handbook of Civil Aviation, 1958 edition.
' Value of aircraft, engines, parts, parachutes, etc.> 1918-1918, fiscal years, 1919-1967, calendar years. Data for the second half of
1918 are included with calendar year 1919.* Exclusive of gliders and barrage balloons. 1949-1957, civil aircraft only.• Total value of aircraft, engines, parts, etc. 1913-1921 include values of aircraft
and aircraft parts. Prior to 1922. engine values were not reported separately but wereprobably included with either "other" internal combustion engines or with "parts"of aircraft. Values for parachutes and their parts have been included only since 1932.
• Data not available for security reasons.
1 Not available.• Includes U.S.-financed aircraft manufactured in Canada.
• Includes military aircraft for Lend-Lease shipments.io Values are for military aircraft produced in the United States only. These data
were computed by the War Production Board in terms of August 1943 unit cost. Thevalues are not meant to measure output at current prices or expenditures. The 1940figure is only for the second half of that year; the 1946 figure covers only the first
8 months." No production other than military.
466
AIR TRANSPORTATION Q 352-362
Series Q 352-362. Scheduled Air Transportation, Domestic and International: 1926 to 1957
[As of December 81 or for year ending December 81. All data reflect scheduled operations exclusively)
1 Duplication exists where (a) the same passengers were carried on more than 1route of an air carrier; and (b) where the same passengers were carried by more than1 air carrier.
• Duplication has been eliminated where the same passengers were carried on more
than 1 route of an air carrier, but still exists where toe same passengers were carriedby more than 1 air carrier.
1 Based on revised CAB procedures.* Enplaned passengers not strictly comparable to previous years due to change in
CAB reporting procedure.' Computed by CAA from reports of duplicated revenue passengers.
• Excludes Marine.
' Excludes Colonial and Marine.• Includes nonrevenue passenger-miles flown.
' Includes nonrevenue passengers.10 Excludes Colonial Airlines, Inc., and Hawaiian Airlines, Ltd." Excludes 224,236 ton-miles flown by U.S. Army." Excludes Colonial Airlines, Inc." Not available." Includes employees of Pan American Airways." Included with domestic air I
467
Q 363-375 TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 363-375. Scheduled Airline Revenues and Expenses: 1938 to 1957
[In thousands of dollars. Figures in italics denote loss]
Year
19671956
195519541968 —19621961
19601949194819471946 ._
19461944...194819421941
194019891988
INTERNATIONAL
19671956 -.
19661964 •
196819521961
19501949194819471946
19451944194319421941
194019891988
Operating revenues
Total
Ml
1,515,1461,841,782
1,201,2661,042,798987,482817,680702,366
667,808486,034434,295364,840316,233
214,743160,928123,105108,24997,811
76,86465,94842,846
496,896•463,641
886,167859,491887,711315,141287,936
260,131274,165249,234209,009146,764
69,11138,88282,83940,87037,990
26,92219,65315,153
Passenger
1,342,6791,188,842
1,060,590906,840803,869695,456691,187
444,506388,931343,290308,576275,694
166,620116,44187,48174,81969.791
63,80834,84424,861
378,868< 348,841
296,442254,653232,867212,581184,692
160,672168,480151,338140,66291,417
38,86924,28719,33420,97114,021
8,8126,1664,435
Mail(includingsubsidy)
69,67661,922
55,53665,72664,48458,88767,422
63,78869,33359,30929,44520,982
33,69433,31724,21323,47022,696
20,09018,48216,798
28,919•36,232
27,22149,19163,74651,53258,218
65,68975,19757,33132,30025,061
12,2462,8893,6249,03916,478
13,43911,0668,699
Expressand
freight
67,22862,722
61,10249,90147,79142,82886,914
86,12227,98724,37219,37813,620
10,8858,3068,8826,9782,919
2,0781,6191,278
41,588•86,813
82,01329 , 78427,88526,91025,246
21,66422 , 12720,80917,62611,418
7,8156,4054,4014,3191,475
618562
Excessbaggage
367
18,45414,991
12,16810,6318,7047,3486,069
6,0774,4523,9533,6722,993
,031,720,260
7M
661846
9,127•8,191
7,3856,9975,2484,8223,809
3,2444,1784,1354,3883,296
1,5711,066808
306237219
Other
MS
17,18913,240
11,85610,68012,62213,15210,788
9,8105,3318,3713,8698,044
1,397888
1,3091,7221,139
07657625
38,390•30,065
23,09318,86618,45419,29020,977
18,86214,17815,62114,14316,667
9,1205,2354,6775,6056,639
3,4721,5811,338
Operating
Total
Ml
1,473,6651,242,438
1,077.122941,582850,448723,409696,363
494,646461,783431,634386,199822,219
180,626124,62296,66384,36689,919
•70,897
'61,392■43,866
469,005420,766
366,562333,337318,489304,423269,866
248,823252,863285,287209,294139,843
61,76639,22732,07935,22336,809
26,66618,20114,303
Aircraft
Total
906,312751,237
551,626487,876438,088861,464287,942
241,060223,193199,991169,165129.260
45,15034.61386,392
35,17926,29424,987
272,768237,901
171,427157,728151,308146,965129,221
122,776122,334110,99893,76652,045
22,91813,85311,992
i
8
Flying
371
464,614877,248
823,220279,971253,091208,665173,028
141,816127,398109,63688,84070,410
43,42128.23820,73921.86627,392
22,09815,80914,787
147,068129,058
108,95499,04491,75187,44275,102
70,98072,34767,16853.18982,027
15,2978,4718,074
A
now
Directmaintenanceflightequipment
372
> 289 , 546•261,679
185,487110,299102,40192,69671,687
67,84154,02849,03542,90388,273
16,39311,8939,1328,6649,789
7,4965,6516.845
'74,678■78,497
84,86730,85632,82733,04329,856
26,15826,31124,24121,99711.064
5,1993,0302.174
B
mww
Depreciationflightequipment
373
152,152112,816
92,91997,10682,69660,10343,232
41,40841,76741,32087,42225,667
9,4095,0194,7426,8627,751
6,6904,8344,906
51,02285,846
27,60627,82826,73026,48024,263
25,68823,67619,58918,5808,954
2,4221,8521,744
i
Groundand
indirectexpense
174
567,345491,192
626,498454 ,200412,356361,939807,421
253,586288,540231,643217,034192,969
111,40379,37260,95047,97444,987
85,02824,69218,878
196,414182,863
196,186175.610167,178157,456140,644
126,647180,529124,294115,52887,798
38,84725,87420,087
si
formerly reported as ground snd indirectoperating expenses for Colonial, for which "
i available.
■ Excludes Colonial,by type • Excludes Midet due to
• Not available.in reporting.
468
AIR TRANSPORTATION Q 376-383
Series Q 376-383. Airports, Aircraft, Pilots, and Miles Flown: 1926 to 1957
[As of December 81 or for yean ending December 31, except as noted)
' Continental United States, and Territories and possessions. ' As of May 1, 1949.' Includes gliders. • As of Apr. 1, 1948.• Active and inactive. • Not available. No surveys made during war years, because the Civil Air Regu-
4 Data estimated from trend since no ' jil survey was conducted for this year. lations were amended and aircraft owners were not required to submit reports.• As of Mar. 1, 1954. '• Airline transport rating became effective May 5, 1932.• Not available.
488910 O - 60 - 31 469
Q 384-397 TRANSPORTATION
Series Q 384-397. Air Transportation Accidents: 1927 to 1957