Hipersensitivitas Dan Autoimunitas

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immunesystem

Foreign molecules/antigen

Immuneresponse

HYPERSENSITIVITY

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HYPERSENSITIVITY

Type I

Type IIType III

Type IV

humoral

--- cellular

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TYPE I HYPERSENSITIVITAS

Phases:

• sensitization

• activation• effector 

= anaphylactic reaction

= immediate hypersensitivity= IgEmediated hypersensitivity

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TYPE I HYPERSENSITIVITY

Plasmacell

 Y

     Y

     Y

 Y

Y        Y

 Y

Y      

     Y

 Y

Y      

     Y

degranulation

Mast cell

Re-

exposureFirstexposure

!istamine

leu"otrien

E#F$

%#F

etc

o

o

oo

oo

o

o

o

o

o

o

oo

oo oo

o

o

o

Specific IgE

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Anaphylactoid reaction

#omplement activation  #&a

  #'a(orphine) codein

*adioactve contrast

(ast cell degranulation

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TYPE II HYPERSENSITIVITY

= anti+odydependentcytoto,ic hypersensitivity

#omplement activation

Phagocytosis

"iller cell activity

Examples:

•Transfusion rx.•Rh Incompatibilit•!utoimun reaction

Y       Y

  Y

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TYPE III HYPERSENSITIVITY

= immunecomple,mediated hypersensitivity

Arthrus Reaction

 $g -

 $+

"omplement acti#ation$"%a& "'a

Inflamation

Tissue damage

.ocaldeposit

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Serum Sickness

#irculatingimmune comple,

*E

phagocytosis

Tissue:(idne

 )oints(in

damage

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TYPE IV HYPERSENSITIVITY

= cell mediated hypersensitivity

=delayed type hypersensitivity

T cell

cto(ines macrophage

Tissue

damage

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AUTOIMUNITY

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self tissue/antigen

SISTEM IMUN

X     immune

response

self tissue/antigen

tolerance  autoimmune

istem imun normal

 mem+eda"an self dari nonself 

Induksi toleransi :

ter0adi pada paparan se+elumnya

dengan $g yang sama

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autoantibody

auto-reactive

T cell

AUTO

IMMUNITY

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self tissue/antigen

immune system

X     immuneimmuneresponseresponse

self tissue/antigen

tolerance Autoimmunereaction

tissue damage

autoimmunedisease

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self tissue/antigen

immune system

X     immuneresponse

self tissue/antigen

tolerance autoimmune

tissue damage

autoimmunedisease

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Supresi oleh sel T regulator

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PENYAKIT AUTOIMUN

Penya"it 1rave

Tiroiditis !ashimoto

I22(

Penya"it $ddison

Pemphigus vulgaris Pemphigoid +ulosa

(yasthenia gravis

 $nemia pernisiosa

 $I!$ ITP

dll3

 $rtritis reumatoid

.upus eritematosussistemi" 4.E5

ORGAN SPESIFIK NON-ORGAN SPESIFIK

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AUTOANTIBODI ORGAN SPESIFIK

PENA!"T A#T$ANT"%EN

Penya"it 1rave 

reseptor T! Tiroiditis !ashimoto  tiroglo+ulin)

pero"sidase I22(   sel pan"reas

Penya"it $ddison 

sel "orte"s adrenal (yasthenia gravis   reseptor asetil"holin  $nemia pernisiosa sel parietal)

  fa"tor intrinsi"

 $I!$ 

eritrosit ITP

trom+osit dll3

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AUTOANTIBODI NON-ORGAN SPESIFIK

PENA!"T A#T$ANT"%EN  $rtritis reumatoid   imunoglo+ulin

.E   2%$) *%P) m

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SLE

Penya"it autoimun nonorgan specific

6elainan pada +er+agai organ

Autoantibodi:antinuklearanti-ds&NA

lain-lain

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BERSIFAT SISTEMIK

'alar Rash&iscoid RashPhotosensitivity$ral #lcer

ArthritisSerositisRenal &isorderNeurologic &isorder

(ematologic &isorder"munologic &isorderANA