HINDUISM BUDDHISM CONFUCIANISM TAOISM Early Religions JUDAISM.

HINDUISM

BUDDHISM

CONFUCIANISM

TAOISM

Early Early ReligionsReligions

JUDAISM

What are the basic beliefs of the Hebrews

The One God

•Monotheistic

•Yahweh = Hebrew for ‘god’

•Omniscient- Knows all/ Omnipresent= all places/ Omnipotent = all powerful

•Created Nature and everything in it. Created Humans in His image. Idea that earth was created for the Humans.

•Seen as a Father Figure to the Humans.

•Thus is a loving god who wants the best for His children, but can be vengeful if they don’t live up to his expectations.

•Different then all other gods at the time, he was not as interested in controlling nature – but in controlling Human behavior. Morals. Humans doing what is right and what is wrong.

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Think of your H o’ M goal. How would Hebrews explain that the above information could help you in achieving your goal.

Which of the above explain Hebrew view towards the environment? How might that be controversial today?

What are the basic beliefs of the Hebrews

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Agreement between God and the Hebrew People

•Hebrews are Chosen People

-They were the only ones in F.C. that believed in Him.

Thus they get this special deal.

If you follow His laws and have faith in Him, then you get:

•All things possible and taken care.

•Heaven on Earth : When all Hebrews were living according to Gods law – Heaven will come to earth.

•Messiah – He would send a Savior to let people know when it was about to happen.

•Judgment Day: All the peoples of the earth will be judged whether or not they get to stay in Heaven.

•Resurrection: Those who had died waiting for heaven will be reborn

•Afterlife: Where are those people in the mean time? Unclear! Identify the parts of the information above that would motivate people towards achieving goals?

Think of your H o’ M goal. How would Hebrews explain that the above information could help you in achieving your goal.

What are the basic beliefs of the Hebrews

The Covenant •Promised Land

In the meantime (while waiting for everyone) as long as the Hebrews are trying to live by law – they would get a homeland of their own.

Abraham took people to Canaan – Modern country of Israel.

How does this information explain the cause of modern conflict between Israel and Palestine today? How has that shaped the War on Terror?

What are the basic beliefs of the Hebrews

God’s Law •Influenced by Hammurabi’s Code: People are best managed if have rules defined with consequences for following them.

Revealed Through Prophets- people who spoke with or through God

Abram- Original Covenant

Moses – 10 CommandmentsWorship no other/Covet neighbors property/steal/ kill/ honor parents/ use Lords name in vain/ adultery/ false idols/ observe Sabbath/ false witness

Later Prophets and Laws (613)Bris - CircumcisionKashrut- Food Laws

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Think of your H o’ M goal. How would Hebrews explain that the above information could help you in achieving your goal.

What are the basic beliefs of the Hebrews

The Word of God

Prophets

•Torah - Books of Moses 1st 5 books

•Nevi’im- Books of later Prophets

•Rabbis - Teachers

•Talmud – Their interpretations of laws

Applying Beliefs to Historical Events

Event Reward or Punishment?

Hebrew actions that lead to the event

Explanation of law and consequence

Abraham is given Canaan as their promise land

Hebrews are enslaved in Egypt

Hebrews are lost in the Sinai desert for 40 years

Hebrews are given the Kin

Hebrews are deported and held captive in Babylon

Hebrews and the Modern world.

Occupation of the Kingdom

The Diaspora

Zionism and the creation of Modern Israel.

Nebuchadnezzer allowed Jews to return to Jerusalem. Since then, Jews have lived in Palestine and Jerusalem – but always under the rule of others. Persians, Romans, Arabs, Turks

Roman rule forced many Jews to spread West. More eventually lived in Europe then in Israel.

Eventually migrated to North America as well.

Wherever they lived they were “punished” with persecutions.

1890 –movement to return to Israel and establish their “Promised Land

Land was a British colony occupied by Muslim Palestinians

Hebrews and the Modern world.

Zionism and the creation of Modern Israel.

British agreed to allow Jewish people to move to Palestine and begin establishing new homes.

At first no huge tension with Palestinians because populations were small

After Holocaust, Jewish Population in Palestine began to skyrocket – caused tension with Palestinians.

England asked United Nations to help. U.S. proposed plan to split land into two nations – Israel and Palestine.

Palestinians with other Arab nation allies attacked Israel. Israel claimed most land that was supposed to be Palestine.

War has been going on in various forms ever since. U.S. has been Israel’s biggest ally

How have the Chosen People adapted to living with the rest of the Modern World?

Orthodox- The way it has always been done!18% - Tend to segregate selves from other groups. Remain Chosen People through non assimilation.

Conservative: Keep it as traditional as possiblediscourage assimilation – but not as strict as Orthodox – could marry into if perform correct ceremonies

Reform: Change things to meet changing times: Assimilation is fine – all people who believe in God are Chosen people.

Non Practicing : Are Jewish by ancestry– but don’t follow the religion

3 Branches of Judaism today

How might each different branch of Judaism differ in their opinion of how you achieve your goal?

Who were the Hindus and what early events shaped their culture?

Who created Hinduism

When was it started

Where was it started

What are the major writings of Hinduism?

What are the basic beliefs of the Hindus

The Hindu View on Nature

Hindu gods

Two elements of life, Matter and Energy (Brahma)

Universal: Its everywhere, and everything in made of the same thing

Eternal : Life is a never ending cycle

Monotheistic – God Brahm

Life as a dream

Polytheistic: millions of gods who represent manifestations of Brahman

Trimurti: Brahma – The Creator

Vishnu- The protector

Siva – The Destroyer

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Think of your H o’ M goal. How would Hindus explain that the above information could help you in achieving your goal.

What is the Hindu goal in life.

Increasing your Atman

Achieve Moksha

Atman is the amount of Brahman you have in this life

The more atman have – higher life form you are and vice versa

What you are in this life is based on your collection of atman in your last life

Goal is to gain atman – but you can lose it.

The more atman you have, the more you are capable of.

When you die, body will be reincarnated

Ultimately want to be reunited with Brahm (become everything) known as Moksha

Moksha is more about the journey then the destination

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Think of your H o’ M goal. How would Hindus explain that the above information could help you in achieving your goal.

How do you gain Atman to achieve Moksha

Ahimsa

Karma Yoga

Caste System

(Varna)

Jnana Yoga

Bhakti Yoga

Raja Yoga

Non Violence - - Atman you take is the Atman you will lose

Do what you are supposed to do with your life: Dharma

Based on your Varna

Brahmins: Priest Class. Highest forms of humans, Chetriyans: Ruling/Warrior ClassViashyas: Middle Class, highly specialized jobsSudras: Working classUntouchables: Poor, homeless, jobless, Non Hindus

Meditation and prayer

Honoring of certain gods

Recitation of certain “Mantras” (sounds)

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Think of your H o’ M goal. How would Hindus explain that the above information could help you in achieving your goal.

How was Buddhism founded?

Siddharta Guatama Who was he?

When

Where

What did he want to know about suffering?

Whow did he try to find enlightenment?

Questions?

What are the basic beliefs of Buddhist

See Chart

The right way to follow the 8 Fold PathLive a life of moderation – avoid extremes

Your inner energy (spirit, Atman) gives you ability to do what you doCan be grown and manipulated

Four Noble Truths

8 Fold Path

The Middle Way

Chi

1. LIFE IS SUFFERING

2. SUFFERING IS CAUSED BY DESIRE

3. THE END OF SUFFERING IS NIRVANA

4. NIRVANA IS REACHED BY FOLLOWING THE 8 FOLD PATH

•VIEWSVIEWS

•RESOLVESRESOLVES

•SPEECHSPEECH

•CONDUCT CONDUCT

•EFFORTEFFORT

•LIVELIHOODLIVELIHOOD

•RECOLLECTIONRECOLLECTION

•MEDITATIONMEDITATION

TO HAVE THE RIGHT:

HOME

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Think of your H o’ M goal. How would Buddhists explain that the above information could help you in achieving your goal.

How have the early beliefs of Buddhism changed?

Principle belief

Mahayana Theravada Zen

Who belongs

Practices

How do we know about

Confucius beliefs? What are their sacred books?

Who wrote them?

When were they written?

What did Confucius say caused suffering?

The Problem with time.

Ritual, Ritual, Ritual

Problem with life was timePresent not good – but the past was. People bent on speeding into the future.Past was good and could be learned fromNeed to harmonize past with future to make present better.

Use Rituals to reharmonize past with future by doing everything the exact same way everyday.Avoid suffering by doing same thing same way every time.

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Think of your H o’ M goal. How would Confucianists explain that the above information could help you in achieving your goal.

How did Confucius say you

could end suffering?

The 5 Relationships

Whose responsibility it is to teach each other the proper rituals

The approved social order that must be obeyed by strict rules.Superiors job to guide the inferiorInferiors job to overthrow the superior if they don’t do their job.Extremely sexist system (but it had reasons for its time, causes problems today though.)

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Think of your H o’ M goal. How would Confucianists explain that the above information could help you in achieving your goal.

SUPERIOR INFERIOR

RULER RULED

FATHER SON

OLDER BROTHER YOUNGER BROTHER

HUSBAND WIFE

FRIEND FRIEND