hindi magazine July 2014

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;+ljwfg;ef d] + tL; ;] clws / fhg} lts bnf] + sL ;xeflutf x} . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f s] qmd d] + ;ef;b ;efsIf d] + ckg] –ckg] bnLo ljrf/ k|s6 s/ / x] x} + lh;;] cf} / clws e|d sL l: ylt pTkGg x'O{ x} . ;+ljwfg;ef of ;+;b d] + ;ef;bf] + sL pkl: ylt lbgfg'lbg 36tL hf / xL x} Sof] +ls ax; sf kl/ 0ffd Sof xf] uf ox pgsf] ktf gxL+ x} . j] hfgt] x} + ls kf6L{ JxLk s] ;dIf Ps g Ps lbg pGx] + lrQ xf] gf xL k8Þ] uf . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f sf clGtd c: q …;xdltÚ ceL eL k|efjxLg x} . ox eL ;r x} ls lh; pT;fx cf} / pd+u s] ;fy hgtf g] dtbfg lsof yf p;sL t'ngf d] + rolgt

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df} h"bf ;+ljwfg;ef åf/ f cflZjg df;fGt ts d;f} bf lgdf{0f s/ sflt{s d] + O;] hgtf s] dWo n] hfg] cf} / df3 * ut] s] cGb/ O;] hf/ L s/ g] sf nIo / vf uof x} . n] lsg O;s] ;fdg] ;a;] a8ÞL r'gf} tL ;+3Lotf cf} / / fi6« sf zf;sLo : j¿k x} . ox Ps : ki6 tYo x} ls lj3l6t ;+ljwfg;ef åf/ f ;+ljwfg hf/ L g lsP hf ;sg] sf sf/ 0f ;+3Lotf ;DaGwL ljjfb xL yf . oBlk ;+ljwfg;ef sL ;+j} wflgs / fhg} lts ;+jfb tyf / fhgLlts ;xdlt ;ldlt / fHo k'g/ {rgf ;DaGwL ljjfb sf sfd z'? lsof x} n] lsg kl/ 0ffd lstgf ;sf/ fTds xf] uf sxgf d'lZsn x} . ox ;r x} ls Pdfn] cf} / sfFu|] ; ljh] tf s] dgf] lj1fg ;] O; ljGb' k/ ;xdlt s/ r's] x} + . n] lsg ;+ljwfg;ef s] cGo bnf] + sf] O; d'2] k/ ljZjf; d] + gxL+ lnof uof x} . oxL sf/ 0f x} ls Og bnf] + d] + ;/ sf/ s] k|lt Jofks c;+tf] if x} cf} / Ogd] + k/ : k/ df] rf{aGbL sL eL l: ylt x} tyf ;8Þs cfGbf] ng sf eL ljsNk OGxf] +g] v'nf / vf x} . zf;sLo : j¿k k/ eL bnf] + d] + pnemg] + hf/ L x} + . Ps aft tf] ;r x} ls u0ft+q sf cEof; en] xL g] kfn s] lnP gof xf] n] lsg k|hft+q sf Oltxf; gof gxL+ x} cf} / g xL sf] O{ bn O; ¿k d] + ;Qf d] + cfof x} hf] k"/ L Joj: yf sf] abng] s] lnP ;Ifd xf] of p;] O; t/ x sf hg;dy{g ldnf xf] . P] ;] d] + O; laGb' k/ ljjfb sf] sd s/ g] s] lnP k|rlnt k/ Dk/ f sf cg';/ 0f lsof hf ;stf x} . n] lsg gofkg cf} / df} lnstf s] cfu|x s] sf/ 0f x/

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cfh xfnft ox x} ls låtLo ;+ljwfg;ef s] lgjf{rg s] nueu 5M dxLg] ;] pmk/ u'h/ uP n] lsg @^ ;ef;bf] + s] dgf] gog sL k|lqmof ceL ts k"/ L gxL+ sL hf ;sL x} . k|wfgd+qL ;f+3flts / f] u s] n+a] Pj+ hl6n Onfh s] lnP cd] l/ sf d] + x} + . sfo{sf/ L

k|wfgd+qL jfdb] j uf} td g] oBlk ;eL bnf] + ;] gfd dfFug] sL aft sxL x} cf} / !% cfiff9Þ ts ;+ljwfg;ef sf] k"0f{tf b] g] sL aft eL sxL x} . n] lsg ox Otgf ;xh gxL+ x} . ox ;r x} ls k|wfgd+qL g] pGx] + sfo{sf/ L clwsf/ lbP x} +, du/ pgs] lg0f{o d] + ;a;] a8ÞL ;d: of bnLo c;+t'ng k} bf s/ ] uL Sof] +ls, bf] gf] + cnu–cnu bnf] + s] xf] g] s] sf/ 0f lg0f{o sL clGtd lhDd] jf/ L sf} g n] uf sxgf d'lZsn x} . Sof] +ls Og bf] gf] + bnf] + d] + ;Qf ;fem] bf/ xf] g] s] afjh"b ljZjf; sf : j: y jftfj/ 0f gxL+ . O;lnP ljl8of] sf‘Gk|m] lG;+u s] åf/ f k|wfgd+qL sL ;nfx n] g] sL aft eL sxL hf / xL x} . n] lsg O;] dfgg] s] lnP sfo{sf/ L k|wfgd+qL t} of/ gxL+ . cfh g] kfn sL / fhgLlt sL ;a;] a8ÞL ;d: of x} ls ;/ sf/ rfx] ls;L eL kf6L{ sL Sof] + g xf] n] lsg bnLo Ph] 08f Otgf xfjL xf] tf x} ls jx g] kfn sL ;/ sf/ s] ¿k d] + ckgL kxrfg gxL+ agf kftL cf} / bn ljz] if sL ;/ sf/

ags/ / x hftL x} hals ax'dt ;] o] ;j{yf b"/ xf] t] x} + . hf] yf] 8Þf ax't bnLo Ph] 08f ;] ljrng b] vf eL hftf x} jx bafa of dha"/ L s] sf/ 0f xL . O;lnP ls;L eL bn ljz] if s] kIf d] + / fhg} lts xjf gxL+ ag kftL .

cfh b] z d] + e} lts k"jf{wf/ s] ljsf; sL cj: yf ox x} ls z] if ljZj s] ;fy ox t] hL ;] lk58Þtf hf / xf x} hals pQ/ cf} / blIf0f sL bf] If] qLo dxfzlStofF t] hL ;] ljsf; sL lbzf d] + cu|;/ x} . ox cGt/ lbgfg'lbg ux/ ftf hf / xf x} hf] ls;L–g–ls;L ¿k d] + hg–c;+tf] if sf ¿k wf/ 0f s/ tf hf / xf x} . xdf/ ] ;f+;bf] + s] lgjf{rg If] q ljsf; s] gfd k/ kfFr s/ f] 8Þ sL dfFu sf] O;L ;Gbe{ d] + b] vf cf} / ;demf hfgf rflxP . n] lsg xdf/ L / fhgLlt ceL eL d"ne"t l;4fGtf] + sL aft s/ tL x} . Ps aft tf] cfO{g] sL t/ x ;fkm x} ls sf] O{ eL k|hftf+lqs / fi6« u/ LaL / ] vf s] gLr] hLjg–ofkg s/ g] jfn] ckg] gful/ sf] + s] lxtf] + sL pk] Iff gxL+ s/ ;stf . e"v] sf] / f] 6L cf} / aLdf/ sf] bjf b] g] s] lnP k} ;f

rflxP, ef} lts k"jf{wf/ s] ljsf; s] lnP cy{ rflxP . o] ;+;fwg sxfF ;] cfPFu] < O;s] lnP l;4fGtf] + sL gxL+, gLltof] + sL h¿/ t x} . O; ;Gbe{ d] + rfx] b] z sL cfGtl/ s gLlt xf] of ljb] zgLlt, O;d] + ha ts cfd"n–r"n kl/ jQ{g gxL+ xf] tf, l;4fGtf] + sL sf] O{ eL ;+hLjgL oxfF sf/ u/ gxL+ xf] ;stL . hf] eL ;|f] t ;+;fwg x} + p;s] kIfkftk"0f{ ljefhg sf cf/ f] k ;/ sf/ ] + em] ntL cf / xL x} + cf} / ox k/ +k/ f ab: t"/ hf/ L x} . s/ f] + s] af] em ;] cfd nfu ba] x'P x} +, clgo+lqt dxFufO{ sL df/ pGx] + em] ngL k8Þ / xL x} . P] ;] d] + lh; b"/ blz{tf sL ck] Iff xdf/ L / fhgLlt ;] sL hf / xL x} p;sf ;j{yf oxfF cefj b] vf hf / xf x} .

g] kfn sL / fhgLlt sL ;a;] a8ÞL ;d: of ox x} ls oxfF ;lqmo ls;L eL bn d] + sf] O{ P] ;f j6j[If gxL+ lh;sL 5fof d] + kf6L{ cf} / ;+u7g r} g sL ;fF; n] . oxL sf/ 0f x} ls k|foM ;eL dxTjk"0f{ bn cfGtl/ s ¿k d] + : ki6 ¿k ;] bf] –tLg wf/ fcf] + d] + ljeflht x}

cf} / sf] O{ eL g] tf ;j{dfGo agg] sL cj: yf d] + gxL+ x} + . / fhgLlt sf cy{ Ogs] lnP ts{–s'ts{ sf dxfhfn lgdf{0f s/ gf dfq x} lh;d] + pnems/ cfdnf] uf] + sL cfsf+IffPF d5nL sL t/ x t8Þks/ bd tf] 8Þ b] . O;s] lnP / fhwfgL sf jftfg's"lnt df} ;d eL sd lhDd] jf/ gxL+ Sof] +ls kxf8Þ sL b'u{Dotf cf} / lxdfnLo If] q sL ;b{ xjfPF pGx] + / f; gxL+ cftL cf} / t/ fO{–dw] z sf w"n–wSs8Þ tyf ud{ xjf s] emf] +s] eL pgd] + hg;] jf s] k|lt ljsif{0f pTkGg s/ t] x} + . kbLo lnK;f cf} / dxTjfsfFIff sf e"t Otgf k|an x} ls ckgL ;jf] {Rrtf sL xTof s/ xdf/ ] g] tf lkm/ ;] kf6L{ s] cfGtl/ s r'gfjf] + d] + ;+nUg xf] s/ ckg] sb k/ k|Zglrx\g nuf n] t] x} + . O;sf a] xt/ pbfx/ 0f Pdfn] sf cfufdL dxflwj] zg x} lh;d] + bf] lbUuh g] tf cfk; d] + bf] –bf] xfy s/ g] sL dgMl: ylt d] + x} + . lj8Dagf ox x} ls Ogd] + ;] Ps nueu kGb|x ;fn ts kf6L{ sf g] t[Tj s/ r's] x} + . s'5 lbg k"j{ g] kfnL sfFu|] ; cf} / g] skf dfcf] jfbL eL O;L k|lqmof


lkmnxfn dw] ;jfbL g] tfcf] + sf g] d Kn] 6 n] s/ afhf/ d] 3"d / x] slyt dw] ;jfbL g] tfcf] + g] ,

dw] ; s] gfd k/ ckgf yf] 8Þf ax't hf] eL ;do, >d of cy{ Joo lsof x} p;sL j;"nL pGxf] +g] ;"b Aofh ;lxt s/ nL x} . cu/ dw] ; sf d'2f lghL{j g xf] s/ af] ntf x'cf k|f0fL xf] tf tf] v'ns/ sxtf ls æv'bf s] lnP xd] aV; bLlhPÆ . uh] Gb| gf/ fo0f l;+x s] lgwg s] jfb dw] ; sf d'2f / fhgLlts ljifo ;] sxL clws Jofkfl/ s ag uof . uh] Gb| gf/ fo0f l;+x s] clwsf+z cg'ofoL g] , g l;km{ pGx] + alNs pgs] l;4fGtf] + sf] eL ltnfGhnL b] lbof . gof dw] ;jfb d] z‘f6{s6{ t/ Ls] ;] v'b sf] ;Rrf dw] ;jfbL ;flat s/ g] sL unfsf6 bf} 8Þ hf/ L x} . O;s] lnP sfFu|] ;, Pdfn] of dfcf] jfbL s] g] tfcf] + s] rf} v6 k/ ;'jx zfd xflh/ L ahfgL k8Þ] tf] eL o] kL5] gxL+ x6t] . cfw'lgs dw] ;jflbof] + d] ;] clwsf+z sf g sf] O{ l;4fGt x} gf sf] O{ sfo{qmd . l;km{ ;+;b cf} / ;Qf d] ag] / xgf rfxt] x} + .

Ps dfGotf x} ls cfk hg cfGbf] ng s] ana"t] r'gfj hLts/ l;km{ Ps af/ xL ;+;b of ;/ sf/ d] + kxF'r ;st] x} + . p;s] afb ;Qf s] hl/ P xL cfk ckg] d'sfd k/ ag] / x ;st] x} + . dw] ;L g] tfcf] + g] ;Qf d] + / xs/ eL dw] l;of] + s] lnP s'5 eL gxL+ lsof O;lnP r'gfj d] ef/ L k/ fho sf d'Fx OGx] +] b] vgf k8Þf . r'gfj d] xf/ ] x'P o] g] tf cj ;'zLn sf] O/ fnf, k|r08, jfa'/ fd Pj+ Pdfn] g] tfcf] + sL rfkn';L Pj+ ozf] ufg d+] ckgf ;do latf / x] x} + l;km{ O;lnP ls pGx] dgf] gLt sf] 6] ;] ;+ljwfg;ef d] + cfg] sf cj;/ k|fKt xf] ;s] . nf] stGq, ;fDojfb, dw] zjfb d] + ;j sxg] jfnL aft] x} + teL tf] dfcf] jfbL s] g] tf Og k/ e/ f] ;f gxL+ s/ t] .

dw] ; cfGbf] ng s] ;do d] + of uf} / sf08 s] jfb k|r08 cf} / jfj'/ fd g] dw] z s] lvnfkm tf] hx/ xL pung] sf sfd lsof yf . pGxf] +g] sxf yf ædw] l;of] + s] hfoh dfFuf] sf] dfg lnof hfP k/ Gt' Og ;eL dw] ;L bnf] + s] pmk/ k|ltaGw gxL+ nufof hfo tf] sd ;] sd Ogs] åf/ f vf] n] uP ;z: q ;d"xf] + sf] g] kfnL ;] gf s] hl/ P tx; gx; s/ jf lbP hfPF . cu/ g] kfnL ;] gf Otgf gxL+ s/ ;stL tf] O;sL lhDd] jf/ L hgd'lQm ;] gfsf] lbof hfP, xdf/ L ;] gf dw] l;of] + sf] l7sfg] nuf b] uL . Æ

lh; dw] ;L g] tf g] ;a;] clws dfcf] jfbL sf lj/ f] w lsof yf jxL g] tf ;a;] kxn] k|r08 s] g] t[Tj jfnL ;/ sf/ d] ;xefuL x'P . dw] ;L g] tfcf] + sf] ;j;] clws ;'s"g p;L ;do k|fKt xf] tf yf hj j] dfcf] jfbL g] tf -k|r08÷afa'/ fd_ s] g] t[TjjfbL ;/ sf/ d] + dGqL x'cf s/ t] y] . dfcf] jfbL s] u'?dGq sf] kfs/ xL ckg] ;ft bh{g ;f+;bf] + sL ;+Vof sf] 36f s/ rf/ bh{g k/ ;Lldt

;] u'h/ ] x} + . Ps aft tf] Og bnf] + sf] ;demgf xL rflxP ls lh; cfGtl/ s nf] st+q s] gfd k/ xd ;+u7g d] + r'gfj sf cEof; s/ t] x} + cf} / ox cfbt ag hftL x} tf] , O;;] bnf] + s] eLt/ cfGtl/ s cg'zf;g sf Ifo xf] tf xL x} , lh;sf vfldofhf cGttM b] z sf] e'utgf k8Þtf x} . g] kfn s] ;f/ ] dxTjk"0f{ bn O; / f] u ;] u|l;t x} + .

cfh cj: yf ox x} ls k|wfgd+qL ;f+3flts / f] u ;] u|l;t x} + . kf6L{ cf} / ;+u7g bf] gf] + sL lhDd] jf/ L pgs] s+wf] + k/ x} . P] ;L cj: yf d] + j] / fi6« sf] lbzf b] g] cf} / gP ;+ljwfg s] ;fy ;+qmd0f sfn sf] ;dfKt s/ g] d] + lstgf ;Ifd xf] +u] , O;sf d"Nof+sg ;do ;fk] Io x} . bn s] eLt/ u'6a+bL Otgf k|an x} ls j] pbf/ tfk"j{s ckgf bfloTj ls;L sf] b] g] sL l: ylt d] + eL gxL+ x} + . lkm/ pgsL : jf: Yo–cj: yf sf] b] vt] x'P b";/ ] bn s] g] tfcf] + sL cfFv eL O; kb k/ l6s uO{ x} cf} / c6snf] + sf afhf/ ud{ xf] g] nuf x} . ;+efjgf hxfF–hxfF cfFsL hf / xL x} , pGx] + eL ;': j: y gxL+ sxf hf ;stf . ;jfn p7tf x} ls Sof xdf/ ] b] z sf cfufdL g] t[Tj aLdf/ xfyf] + d] + xL xf] uf < ox ;r x} ls pd| s] ;fy JoflwofF cftL+ x} + cf} / O;;] sf] O{ eL c5"tf gxL+ / x ;stf . du/ P] ;] ;do d] + : jo+ sf] ;lqmo / fhgLlt ;] cnu / vg] sL k|j[lQ eL xd] + ljsl;t s/ gL rflxP cGoyf nDa] bf} 8Þ s] lnP pg k/ tf] e/ f] ;f gxL+ xL lsof hf ;stf . cfh hf] kl/ l: ylt ag / xL x} p;d] + : ki6 x} oyfzL3| ;/ sf/ s] g] t[Tj s] lnP g] kfnL sfFu|] ; cf} / Pdfn] h} ;] bnf] + s] eLt/ tf] dxfef/ t xf] uf xL o] bf] gf] kfl6{ofF eL s'?If] q s] d} bfg d] + pt/ ] +u] . P] ;] d] + ;xdlt cf} / ;xsfo{ sf ;+t'ng lglZrt ¿k ;] lau8Þg] sL ;+efjgf x} . ca ;jfn p7tf x} ls Sof ox / fhg} lts vL+rtfg xL xdf/ ] b] z sL lgolt x} <

xfn xL d] + ef/ t d] + ;DkGg ;f] nxjL+ nf] s;ef s] r'gfj d] + k|r08 ax'dt ;] r'gfj hLt] cf} / k|wfgd+qL ag] g/ ] Gb| df] bL If] qLo : t/ k/ k8Þf] ;L b] zf] + s] ;fy ;DaGwf] + s] dfdn] d] + ck] Iffs[t clws ;+j] bgzLn lbvnfO{ b] / x] x} + cf} / pGxf] +g] g] kfn e|d0f sL OR5f eL htnfoL x} . ca ts hf] pgs] sfd–sfh sf c+bfh / xf x} p;;] : ki6 x} ls j] kbflwsfl/ of] + åf/ f t} of/ lsof uof kGgf k9Þg] jfn] k|wfgd+qL gxL+ . O;;] pgsL ljb] z gLlt k/ Ao"/ f] qm] 6\; sf k|efj 36g] sL ;+efjgf x} . pgsL ;+efljt ofqf sL k[i7e"ld t} of/ s/ g] s] qmd d] + ef/ tLo ljb] zd+qL >LdtL ;'ifdf : j/ fh sf g] kfn e|d0f k|: tfljt x} . ox Ps ;RrfO{ x} ls g] kfn d] + ef/ t ;a;] a8Þf lgj] zsQf{ x} cf} / e"6fg tyf ckmuflg: tfg h} ;] b] zf] + sL t'ngf d] + p;sf lgj] z g] kfn d] + sfkmL sd x} . ljsf; sf : jKg b] v / x] g] kfn s] lnP ox Ps dxTjk"0f{ cj;/ x} . n] lsg k|wfgd+qL aLdf/ cf} / ljb] z d] + x} + tyf sfo{sf/ L k|wfgd+qL s] dfy] k/ dxflwj] zg cf} / ;+u7g s] cfGtl/ s r'gfj sf af] em x} . O; ofqf sf] kmnbfoL agfg] s] lnP kz'klt cf} / hfgsL dlGb/ s] bz{g s] l;jf cf} / Sof Ph] 08f xf] uf, O; k/ ;3g u[xsfo{ sL cfjZostf x} n] lsg xdf/ ] kf; ljjflbt k"jf{u|xf] + s] l;jf cf} / s'5 gxL+ x} , hals zky–u|x0f ;df/ f] x s] afb g] kfn s] k|wfgd+qL s] ;fy x'P låkIfLo jfQf{ d] + pGxf] +g] : ki6 ¿k ;] ljsf;–lgdf{0f s] Ph] 08] s] ;fy cfg] sL aft sxL yL . n] lsg O; t/ x sL sf] O{ sfo{gLlt xdf/ ] ;fdg] gxL+ x} .

Ps aft tf] oxfF ;lqmo / fhg} lts bnf] + sf] ;demgf rflxP ls lzIff cf} / ;+rf/ dfWodf] + s] ljsf; s] sf/ 0f pgsL rfnf] + sf lglxtfy{ tf] cfdnf] u ;dem xL n] t] x} +, O;lnP nf] uf] + sf] u'd/ fx s/ / fhg} lts ¿k ;] j] cj;/ k|fKt eL s/ t] x} + tf] jx lr/ : yfoL gxL+ xf] ;stf . hgtf ;r] t cf} / ;+j] bgzLn x} , jx ts{ cf} / s'ts{ sf] ;demtL x} . oxL sf/ 0f x} ls ls;L bn s] k|lt pgsL r/ d cf: yf gxL+ . O;s] k|df0f ljut s] r'gfj kl/ 0ffd x} + . O;lnP b] z sf] cu/ ;+qmd0f ;] lgsfngf x} tf] g] kfn sL / fhgLlt sf] ;+qmd0f ;] lgsfngf xf] uf . b] zlxt d] + gjLg cf} / k/ Dk/ fd'St dgf] lj1fg ;] gLltofF agfgL xf] uL . ;fdflhs Gofo s] l;4fGtf] + k/ / fhgLlt cf} / ;/ sf/ sf] cu|;/ xf] gf xf] uf cGoyf / fi6« s] ;+qmd0f ¿kL cfO{g] k/ en] xL tTsfn w"n k8Þ hfP n] lsg seL eL O;sL k/ t ;fkm xf] ;stL x} cf} / lkm/ O; t/ x sL l: ylt sL ;[hgf xf] ;stL x} lh;] xd …;+qmd0fsfnÚ sx ;st] x} + .

>Ldg gf/fo0f

b[li6sf]0f

s/ lbof . ;+ljwfg ;ef sf] e+u Sof] + s/ jfof < O;sf cf} lrTo ;dem ;] k/ ] x} < dw] ;L g] tfcf] + s] lnP kxnL ;+ljwfg;ef sxL+ a] xt/ yL . dw] l;of] + s] af/ ] d] + dfcf] jfbL kf6L{ sL Sof ;f] r x} < O;sf ;xL hjfa jxL b] ;st] x} + hf] dfcf] jfbL d] + / x r's] x} + of p; kf6L{ d] ag] x'P x} + . dw] ; k|b] z g] kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{ sf d'Vo Ph] 08f / xf x,} k/ Gt' cfh sdfg] vfg] sf dhf n] / x] x+} . sfFu|] ;, Pdfn] -Pj+_ cGo bn tf] : ki6tM O;s] lj/ f] wL x+} . dfcf] jfbL s] ;fy dw] ;jfbL bnf] + sL ghbLlsofF ;dem ;] k/ ] x} .

ædw] ;jfbL bn Pj+ O;s] g] tfcf] + sf g tf] sf] O{ nIo x} cf] / gf xL OgsL sf] O{ k|ltj4tfPF x+} . o] tf] cGb/ s] cfb] z sf] dfgg] jfn] cf} / hf] ldntf x} O;] vfg] jfn] x} + . cGtl/ d ;+ljwfg cfg] s] jfb xd -dfcf] jfbL_ dw] ; d] + ;+u7g agfg] sf k|of; xL lsP y] ls ef/ t g] dw] ; cfGbf] ng sf] ;'nuf lbof cf} / pk] Gb| ofbj sL kL7 ykykfof . dw] ; d] + ca sfFu|] ; eL gxL, Pdfn] tf] ljNs'n xL gxL+ dw] ;L g] tfcf] + sf] xL g] t[Tj n] gf rflxP, oxL k|of; x} ef/ t sf . k/ Gt' Sof dw] ; l;km{ dxGy 7fs'/ sL hfuL/ x} < Sof dw] ; sf] cfk nf] u ckgL ;DklQ ;demt] x} + < Sof jxfF dfcf] jfbL, sfu|] ; cf} / Pdfn] gxL+ x} < dw] l;of] + d] + v'b ;+u7g s/ s] kf6L{ rnfg] sf / fhgLlts ;+: sf/ d} + gxL+ b] vtf . Ps dw] ;L Ps hux l: y/ xf] s/ / x xL gxL+ ;stf . dw] ; d] + cfwL cfjfbL x} P] ;f sx s] dw] ;L g] tf cfwL sL bfjL s/ t] x} n] lsg p; krf; kmL;bL d] #% kmL;bL ;] clws tf] kxf8ÞL g] kfnL / xt] x} + o] j] nf] u e"n hft] x} .Æ

-pk/ f] Qm l6Kk0fL PsLs[t dfcf] jfbL ;'k|Ldf] k|r08 g] ;do–;do k/ dw] ; s] ;Gbe{ d] ckgL wf/ 0ff / vt] x'P sxf x} ._

;+3Lotf cf} / dw] ; k|b] z s] ;jfn k/ cj Pdfcf] jfbL sL ;f] r d] eL ef/ L abnfj cfoL x} ljut s] lbgf] + d] + sdfp -dfnbf/ _ dGqfno xfl;n s/ g] s] rSs/ d] dw] zL bnf] g] sfu|] ; Pj+ Pdfn] ;] sfkmL b"/ L agf nL . lkmnxfn Og bf] gf] + bnf] + sL ;xdlt s] lagf ;+3Lotf of dw] ; k|b] z ;Dej gxL+ lbvtf . dfcf] jfbL bnf] + ;] agfO{ uO{ of agfO{ hf / xL ghbLlsofF ;xL jQm

k/ sfd gxL+ cfo] +uL, ha dfcf] sf b] z rLg a'/ ] jQm d] ls;L sf bf] : t gxL+ x'cf tf] g] kfn s] dfcf] jfbL kf6L{ s} ;] j'/ ] jQm d] sfd cfPFu] < lkmnxfn ;jf{lws rrf{ d] + / x] cf} / r'gfj d] + ;kmntf k|fKt s/ ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + hux agfg] d] + ;kmn dw] ;L bnf] + sf] ckgL lhDd] jf/ L sf Px;f; xf] gf rlxP . dxTjk"0f{ / fhgLlts ;ldlt d] + tLg

dw] ;L bn tf] x} k/ Gt' ;b\efjgf gfd wf/ L bn O;;] cnu s/ lbP uP x} + . zfob af/ Þaf/ kf6L{ kmf] 8Þg] sf gtLhf xf] . ca tf] dw] ; d'2f sf] gP t/ Ls] ;] cfu] a9Þfg] sL cfjZostf x} g] t[Tj eL pmhf{jfg, ;Ifd Pj+ ljjfb/ lxt xf] g] rflxP . e|i6 cf} / af/ –af/ ;f+;b dGqL / x r's] tyf a8Þ] bnf] + sL u0f] z–kl/ qmdf sf] xL / fhgLlt ;demg] jfn] g] tf ca dw] ;L d'2f sf g] t[Tj ;xL 9+u ;] zfob xL s/ kfPFu] . ;Qf s] hl/ P sfFu|] ;, Pdfn] Pj+ dfcf] jfbL ;] k|lt: kwf{ seL eL gxL+ lsof hf ;stf x} . dw] ;jfbL bnf] + s] k|lt ca nf] uf] + d] + k'/ fgL cf: yf gxL+ / xL . pGx] + zfob kxn] ox : ki6 s/ gf xf] uf ls j] jfdkGy s] s/ Lj x} + of nf] stGq s] < Ps b";/ ] sf] ;dfKt s/ v'b sfljh xf] g] sL blsofg';L ;f] r s] sf/ 0f xL dw] ; d] + sfFu|] ; Pj+ Pdfn] g] k'gM ckgL k'/ fgL hdLg jfk; kf nL x} . wL/ ] –wL/ ] sltko dw] ;L g] tf a8Þ] bn s] kb sf zf] ef a9Þfg] nu] tf] cfZro{ gxL+ dw] ;L bn s] g] tfcf] + s] kf; Tofu, ;dk{0f, lgi7f cflb sf sf] ] O{ Oltxf; gxL+ x} lkmnxfn x/ sf] O{ unfsf6 bf} 8Þ d+] zfldn x} sf] O{ hftLo cfwf/ k/ tf] sf] O{ k} ;f s] bd k/ / fhgLlt s/ gf rfxt] x+} . o] bf] gf] + t/ Lsf 3fts x} Sof+] ls Ogsf eljio nDaf

gxL+ xf] tf x} . ;z: q ;d"x s] g] tfcf] + d] Ps cfw sf] 5f] 8Þ s/ afsL g] ckgL kxrfg v'b u+jf bL x} . b/ c;n ox unfsf6 k|lt: kwf{ cj;/ jflbtf sf kl/ rfos x} o] nf] u ;+sL0f{, cj;/ jfbL Pj+ cf} ;t ;f] r s] nf] u x} + . g] t[Tj s] lnP ljzfn x[bo rflxP cf} / P] ;f g] t[Tj jiff] {+ afb ldntf x} .

unfsf6 bf} 8Þ ls; lnP <dw] ;jfbL bnf] + s] k|lt ca nf] uf] + d] + k'/ fgL cf: yf gxL+ / xL . pGx] + zfob kxn] ox : ki6 s/ gf xf] uf ls j] jfdkGy s] s/ Lj x} + of nf] stGq s] < Ps b";/ ] sf] ;dfKt s/ v'b sfljh xf] g] sL blsofg';L ;f] r s] sf/ 0f xL dw] ; d] + sfFu|] ; Pj+ Pdfn] g] k'gM ckgL k'/ fgL hdLg jfk; kf nL x} . wL/ ] –wL/ ] sltko dw] ;L g] tf a8Þ] bn s] kb sf zf] ef a9Þfg] nu] tf] cfZro{ gxL+ dw] ;L bn s] g] tfcf] + s] kf; Tofu, ;dk{0f, lgi7f cflb sf sf] ] O{ Oltxf; gxL+ x} lkmnxfn x/ sf] O{ unfsf6 bf} 8Þ d+] zfldn x} sf] O{ hftLo cfwf/ k/ tf] sf] O{ k} ;f s] bd k/ / fhgLlt s/ gf rfxt] x+} . o] bf] gf] + t/ Lsf 3fts x} Sof+] ls Ogsf eljio nDaf gxL+ xf] tf x} .

b[li6sf]0f


ha ;] g/ ] Gb| df] bL ef/ t s] k|wfgdGqL ag] x} + ta ;] nuftf/ g] kfn sL

ldl8of d] + df] bL s] e|d0f sf] n] s/ ckgL t/ x ;] xL sof; nufP hf / x] x} + . efhkf sL lx+b'Tj 5lj cf} / g] kfn s] k|lt ljz] if ;xfg'e"lt / vg] s] sf/ 0f kxn] oxL c6sn nufO{+ hftL / xL ls zfob g/ ] Gb| df] bL ckgf kxnf ljb] z e|d0f g] kfn ;] xL z'¿ s/ ] +u] . O;s] kL5] df] bL sf k8Þf] ;L b] zf] s] ;fy ;+a+w sf] gf l;km{ ;'wf/ g] alNs ljz] if dxQ\j b] g] s] nuftf/ cf / x] aofgf] + s] sf/ 0f / xf . df] bL g] ckg] zky u|x0f ;df/ f] x d] + k8Þf] ;L b] zf] + s] / fi6«fWoIff] + cf} / zf;gfWoIff] + sf] lgd+q0f b] s/ O;sL k'li6 eL s/ bL yL . n] lsg ha df] bL s]

kxn] ljb] z e|d0f sL aft cfO{ tf] e"6fg pgsL kxnL k|fyldstf d] + lgsn s/ ;fdg] cfof . ef/ tLo ljb] z d+qfno s] k|jQmf csa?2Lg s] cf} krfl/ s k|] ; jft{f ;] s'5 3+6] kxn] ts kxn] ljb] z e|d0f sf] n] s/ pxfkf] x sL l: ylt agL x'O{ yL .

efhkf s] / fi6«Lo cWoIf / fhgfy l;+x ;] n] s/ ;+3 s] clwsf/ L ts ;eL oxL rfxt] y] ls g] kfn ;] ljz] if ;+a+w xf] g] s] sf/ 0f df] bL sf kxnf ljb] z bf} / f g] kfn ;] xL xf] . df] bL eL O;;] ;xdt xf] uP y] . n] lsg g] kfn sL t/ km ;] cfjZos t} of/ L gxL+ xf] kfg] cf} / ;/ sf/ sL t/ km

df] bL s] e|d0f sf e|d

k+sh bf;

;] eL O;d] sf] O{ vf; lbnr: kL gxL+ n] g] s] sf/ 0f g] kfn s] : yfg k/ e"6fg sf] k|fyldstf bL uO{ . df] bL sL t/ km ;] g] kfn e|d0f sL t} of/ L ls; sb/ s/ nL uO{ yL O;sf Ps pbfx/ 0f e'6fg e|d0f s] bf} / fg pgs] d'v ;] g] kfn sf af/ af/ pRrf/ 0f xf] gf yf .

e'6fg s] ;kmn e|d0f s] afb ;] ca df] bL s] g] kfn e|d0f sL rr{f Ps af/ lkm/ ;] hf] / f] + k/ x} . j} ;] ef/ tLo ljb] z d+qfno g] k|wfgdGqL df] bL s] ljb] z bf} / ] sL hf] km] xl/ : t ;fj{hlgs sL yL p;d] g] kfn ls ofqf gjDa/ d] + atfO{ uO{ yL ha oxfF blIf0f PlzofO{ b] zL s] lzv/ ;Ddn] g d] + jf] lz/ st s/ g] jfn] x} + . n] lsg g] kfn d] + ;fs{ lzv/ ;Ddn] g sL t} of/ L lh; d+b ult ;] rn / xL x} p;sf] b] vt] x'P to ;do k/ ox ;Ddn] g xf] kfgf c;+ej ;f nug] nuf x} .

ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL s] g] kfn e|d0f sf] n] s/ g] kfn sL dLl8of d] + cfP lbg s'5 gf s'5 va/ cf xL / xL x} . eujfg\ kz'kltgfy d] + df] bL ls cf: yf hu hflx/ x} . zfob O;L sf] cfwf/ agfs/ g] kfnL dLl8of ox sof; nuf / xL x} ls df] bL >fj0f s] ls;L ;f] djf/ sf] Ps lbj;Lo g] kfn e|d0f k/ cf ;st] x} + . n] lsg l;km{ eujfg\ ls k"hf s/ g] s] lnP df] bL g] kfn cfPFu] ox ;+ej gxL+ lbvtf x} . efhkf s]

ef/ t s] lgjt{dfg k|wfgdGqL 8f dgdf] xg l;+x ckg] sfo{sfn s] cflv/ L bf} / d] + g] kfn e|d0f s] sfkmL OR5's y] n] lsg g] kfn ;/ sf/ ls t} ofl/ of+ k"/ L gxL+ xf] g] s] sf/ 0f xL ox ;+ej gxL+ xf] kfof . Sof x} sf/ 0f ls ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL sf g] kfn e|d0f gxL+ xf] kf / xf x} cf} / ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL df] bL s] g] kfn e|d0f ls Sof t} ofl/ of+ ;/ sf/ s/ / xL x} < O;f af/ ] d] + g] kfnL ljb] z d+qfno s] k|jQmf cflwsfl/ s ¿k ;] tf] s'5 eL sxg] sf] t} of/ gxL+ xf] t] n] lsg ljb] z d+qfno s] Ps ax't xL a8Þ] clwsf/ L g] atfof ls g] kfn ls sdhf] / / fhgLlts OR5f zlQm cf} / …j] n Knflg+uÚ s] cefj d] + ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL sf e|d0f clglZrt agf x'cf x} .

;'lv{of]+ d]+ ;'lv{of]+ d]+

g] kfn ;] n s] k|ef/ L clht s'df/ sxt] x} + ls pgsf k"/ f k|of; x} ls df] bL ;do lgsfn s/ g] kfn e|d0f s/ ] + n] lsg jf] Ps k|wfgdGqL eL x} + O;lnP lagf ls;L Ph] +8] s] pgsf g] kfn e|d0f gxL+ xf] ;stf x} . clht s'df/ hf] 8Þt] x} + ls efhkf g] kfn s] ;fy ljlzi6 ;+a+wf] + s] sf/ 0f pgs] ;fy{s e|d0f ls sf] lzz d] + h'6f x'cf x} . tfls df] bL s] g] kfn e|d0f s] ;do e"6fg sL xL t/ x jxf+ s] nf] uf] + s] lnP eL cR5] lbg jfn] ;+s] t ldn ;s] . jfsO{ d] + ef/ t s] k|wfgdGqL sf g] kfn e|d0f l;km{ d+lb/ d] + k"hf s/ g] s] lnP tf] gxL+ xf] ;stf x} . cflv/ Sof sf/ 0f x} ls lk5n] !) jif{ + d] + ls;L eL ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL sf g] kfn e|d0f gxL+ xf] kfof < ef/ t s] lgjt{dfg k|wfgdGqL 8f dgdf] xg l;+x ckg] sfo{sfn s] cflv/ L bf} / d] + g] kfn e|d0f s] sfkmL OR5's y] n] lsg g] kfn ;/ sf/ sL t} ofl/ of+ k"/ L gxL+ xf] g] s] sf/ 0f xL ox ;+ej gxL+ xf] kfof . Sof x} sf/ 0f ls ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL sf g] kfn e|d0f gxL+ xf] kf / xf x} cf} / ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL df] bL s] g] kfn e|d0f sL Sof t} ofl/ of+ ;/ sf/ s/ / xL x} < O; af/ ] d] + g] kfnL ljb] z d+qfno s] k|jQmf cflwsfl/ s ¿k ;] tf] s'5 eL sxg] sf] t} of/ gxL+ xf] t] n] lsg ljb] z d+qfno s] Ps pRr clwsf/ L g] atfof ls g] kfn sL sdhf] / / fhgLlts OR5f zlQm cf} / …j] n Knflg+uÚ s] cefj d] + ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL sf e|d0f clglZrt agf x'cf x} .

sf7df+8" l: yt ef/ tLo / fhb"tfjf; s] clwsfl/ of] + sf sxgf x} Otg] a8Þ] b] z s] k|wfgdGqL sf g] kfn e|d0f O;L t/ x ;] gxL+ xf] tf x} p;s] lnP Jofks t} ofl/ of+ s/ gL k8ÞtL x} cf} / ox t} of/ L g] kfnL kIff] + ;] xf] gL rflxP . ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL l;km{ d+lb/ d] + dTyf 6] sg] gxL+ cfPFu] . jf] cfPFu] tf] g] kfn s] lnP a8ÞL ;f} uft n] s/ cfPFu] cf} / p;s] lnP g] kfn sf] l;km{ ckg] efif0ff] + d] + gxL+ alNs hdLgL tf} / k/ t} of/ L s/ gL xf] uL . ef/ t g] g] kfn k'ln; s] lnP Ps k|lzIf0f k|lti7fg lgd{f0f s/ g] sf k|: tfj lsof x} n] lsg ceL ts g] kfn O;s] lnP t} of/ L gxL+ s/ kfof x} . O;s] cnfjf ef/ t s] ;xof] u ;] sa sf ag s/ t} of/ xf] r'sL jL/ c: ktfn 6«fdf ;] +6/ hf] ceL eL pb\3f6g sL k|tLIff d] + x} p;sL t} of/ L k"/ L gxL+ xf] kfO{ x} . g] kfn d] + ceL ts ;'k'b{uL ;+lw sf] n] s/ / fhgLlts ;xdlt gxL+ ag kfO{ x} . g] kfn d] + ceL ts ;/ sf/ O; aft k/ ;xdlt gxL+ h'6f kfof x} ls sf] O{ a8Þf xfO8«f] kfj/ k|f] h] S6 ef/ t

;/ sf/ s] ;xof] u ;] lgd{f0f lsof hfP . ha ls;L aft s] lnP g] kfn ;/ sf/ sL t} of/ L x} gxL+ cf} / g] kfn ;/ sf/ ls;L eL of] hgf s] lnP oxfF / fhgLlts ;xdlt gxL+ h'6f kf / xf x} tf] lkm/ ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL sf e|d0f ls;lnP xf] gf rflxP< g] kfn d] + ;/ sf/ gfd sL sf] O{ rLh x} hf] ckg]

s"6g} lts l/ Zt] s] lnP ;+hLbuL ;] ;f] rtf xf] of s'5 s/ g] sL ;f] r / vtf xf] O; aft sL seL cg'e"lt xL gxL+ xf] kfO{ x} . rfx] jf] g] kfn s] k|wfgdGqL ;'zLn sf] O/ fnf sf lbNnL e|d0f xf] of lkm/ rLg e|d0f . bf] gf] + xL cj: yf d] + pgsf sdhf] / g] t[Tj ;fkm lbvfO{ b] uof .

ef/ tLo ljb] z d+qL;'ifdf cfP+uL g] kfn

ef/ tLo ljb] z d+qL ;'ifdf : j/ fh hNb xL g] kfn e|d0f k/ cfg] jfnL x} + . ;fpy Anf‘s pgs] g] kfn e|d0f sL hf] / zf] / ;] t} of/ L s/ / xf x} . j} ;] pgsf e|d0f s'5 kxn] eL xf] g] sL ;+efjgf x} . ef/ t d] + df] bL ;/ sf/ s] åf/ f k8Þf] ;L b] zf] + s] ;fy ;+a+w s] gP cfofd sf] u9Þg] sL sf] lzz d] + h'6f ljb] z d+qfno ckg] ljb] z d+qL s] g] kfn e|d0f sf] ;kmn agfg] sL x/ ;+ej sf] lzz s/ / xf x} .

j} ;] tf] g] kfn ef/ t s] aLr O; ;do ls;L eL k|sf/ s] ;demf} t] of ;+lw xf] g] sL pDdLb lbvfO{ gxL+ b] / xL x} O;lnP pgsf ox e|d0f l;km{ / fhg} lts d'nfsftf] + d] + xL l;d6f / x] uf . g] kfn s] k|wfgdGqL ;'zLn sf] O/ fnf s] g] kfn cfg] s] afb ;] ;'ifdf : j/ fh s] g] kfn e|d0f sL tf/ Lv sf P] nfg s/ lbof hfPuf .

sf7df+8" d] + eL ef/ tLo ljb] z d+qL ;'ifdf : j/ fh s] e|d0f sf] n] s/ t} ofl/ of+ z'¿ s/ bL uO{ x} . kt+hln of] u kL7 g] kfn s] k|d'v zflnu|fd l;+x g] atfof ls k"/ ] j} lbs / Llt l/ jfh cf} / d+qf] Rrf/ s] aLr ;'ifdf : j/ fh sf eJo ¿k ;] gful/ s clegGbg lsof hfPuf . lh;d] s/ La ;f} ;] clws ;ef;b, ;/ sf/ s] Ps bh{g d+qL cf} / cg] s pRr cf] xb] s] k'ln;, ;} Go cf} / ;/ sf/ L sd{rf/ L pkl: yt / x] +u] .

O;L ;fn gjDa/ d] + sf7df+8" d] + k|: tfljt ;fs{ lzv/ ;Ddn] g d] + ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL s] e|d0f ;] kxn] oxfF ls j: t'l: ylt sf] ;demg] s] lnP eL ef/ tLo ljb] z d+qL : j/ fh sf ox e|d0f dxTjk"0f{ dfgf hf / xf x} .

j} ;] ;fs{ lzv/ ;Ddn] g s] gjDa/ ;] 6ng] sL k"/ L ;+efjgf x} Sof] +ls ceL ts lh; g] kfn ;efu[x d] + ;fs{ lzv/ ;Ddn] g s/ g] sf dg ;/ sf/ g] agfof x} p;s] k'glg{d{f0f s] lnP sf] O{ eL sfd z'¿ gxL+ lsof uof x} . O;s] ;fy xL lzv/ ;Ddn] g s] d2] gh/ sf7df+8" sL ;8Þs Joj: yf d] + eL to ;do ts k"/ ] ;'wf/ xf] g] sL ;+efjgf sd xL x} .

g] kfn ef/ t s] / fhgLlts ;+a+w sf] ghbLs ;] b] vg] jfn] Ps jl/ i7 ljZn] ifs sf sxgf x} ls ef/ tLo ljb] z d+qL sf g] kfn e|d0f O;L aft s] lnP xf] uf ls cflv/ lsg sf/ 0ff] + ;] ef/ t s] k|wfgdGqL df] bL g] kfn e|d0f k/ gxL+ cf ;st] x} + cf} / ox eL ls ;fs{ lzv/ ;Ddn] g eL to ;do k/ gxL+ xf] g] s] afb ef/ tLo k|wfgdGqL sf g] kfn e|d0f cf} / cfu] gf 6n hfP .


cfg] jfn] lbgf] + d] + blIf0f Plzof cf} / p;s] cf;kf; s] If] q d] + / fhgLlts cf} /

s"6gLlts km] / abn s] cf;f/ cf} / t] h xf] t] lbv / x] x} + . ef/ t d] + xfn xL d] + x'o] r'gfj d] + nDa] ;do ;] ;Qf;Lg sf+u|] ; kf6L{ ;Qf s] ulnof/ ] ;] afx/ xf] uO{ x} cf} / p;sL hux k/ lxGb' s§/ jfbL dfg] hfg] jfnL ef/ tLo hgtf kf6L{ cfly{s ljsf; cf} / ;'zf;g sf] cxd\ d'b\bf agft] x'o] aLt] tL; ;fnf] + d] + ;a;] clws nf] slk|otf s] ;fy ;Qf d] + kx'+r uO{ x} . go] ;/ sf/ s] k|wfgd+qL g/ ] Gb| df] bL ljsf;jfbL r] x/ ] –df] x/ ] s] ;fy ;Qf d] + cft] xL ljsf; s] lnP zflGt cf} / p;s] lnP k8Þf] ;L b] zf] + s] ;fy cR5] ;DaGwf] + sL cfjZostf sL t/ kmbf/ L s/ / x] x} ++ . j} ;] r'gfjL jfobf] + s] xL cfwf/ k/ ceL d'lZsn ;] ;Qf sL xgLd"g k"/ L s/ / x] df] bL ;/ sf/ sf] p;sL cfufdL sfo{sfn s] lnP ceL xL pwf/ d] + k|z+;f j cfnf] rgf s/ gf ax't hNbafhL xf] uL . Sof] +ls nf] slk|o cledtf] + sL g} of sf] seL–sef/ hgtf sL lg/ fzf s] ;dGb/ d] + ax't hNbL 8"at] eL b] vf uof x} . df] bL s] r'gfjL jfobf+] sf] xL dfg] + tf] nutf x} ls ef/ t cf} / clws cfly{s j[l4 k/ hf] / b] g] jfnf x} . pgs] ;fdg] sfdofaL s] lnP O;s] cnfjf cf} / sf] O{ b";/ f ljsNk lkmnxfn gh/ gxL+ cftf .

rLg eL ckg] a9Þt] cy{tGq cf} / hfkfg c} f/ leotgfd h} ;] b] zf] + s] ;fy a9t] go] ;Ldf ljjfbf] + s] sf/ 0f ckgL ljb] z gLlt d] + kl/ jt{g s] ;+s] t b] / xf x} . p;sL cfly{s ljsf; sL / km\tf/ s] sf/ 0f cd/ Lsf cf} / o"/ f] lkog o"lgog s] ;fy kxn] ;] xL ax't cR5] ;DaGw gxL+ rn / x] x} + . hfkfg eL ca b";/ ] ljZjo'4 sL kL8Þf ;] abnt] jSt s] ;fy pa/ gf rfxtf x} . O; aLr p;g] cR5L cfly{s k|ult eL xfl;n s/ nL x} .

hfkfg g] tf] ;fkm sx lbof x} ls jx abnt] b'lgof s] ;fy ca ;'/ Iff ;lqmotf d] + eL cfjZostf k8g] k/ lz/ st s/ ] uf . ox aofg 6f] lsof] sL a9ÞtL ;fdl/ s dg;"a] sL cf] / ;+s] t s/ tf x} .

ef/ t, rLg, pQ/ sf] l/ of cf} / kfls: tfg h} ;] b] z k/ df0f' zlSt ;] ;DkGg b] z eL x} +, lh;sL tfst sf] gh/ cGbfh s/ g] sf ;jfn xL k} bf gxL+ xf] tf . o] zlStzfnL b] z ;do–;do k/ b'lgof sL a8ÞL zlStof] + s] lnP ;/ bb{ ag / x] x} + . ef/ t ,rLg cf} / hfkfg h} ;] b] zf] + d] + cfly{s ljsf; sL cfsf+Iff cf} / ;+efjgf bf] gf] + df} h"b x} + . olb Og b] zf] + s] aLr rn / x] ljjfbf] + k/ ;dfwfg

j sf] O{ dha"t ;dembf/ L xf] cf} / ljsf; s] d;n] k/ ;fy sfd s/ g] sL OR5f zlSt xf] tf] cfg] jfn] lbgf] d] + Plzof sf ox If] q b'lgof sf dha"t cfly{s s] Gb| agg] sL ;+efjgf x} . P] ;] ;+efljt u7aGwg sf] g rfxg] jfnL tfst] + p;] / f] sg] s] lnP O; If] q d] +] k/ b] s] cfu] of lkm/ kL5] ;] / 0fgLlts ;lqmotf a9Þf ;stL+ x} .

zLto'4 cf} / p;s] afb s] lbgf] + d] + pQ/

cf} / blIf0f sf] l/ of ljjfb, ef/ t kfls: tfg ef/ t rLg ljjfb ;] n] s/ wd{, hflt cflb t/ x t/ x sL zSn d] + 3'; / x] cft+sjfb sL tdfd ;d: ofPF ca eL a/ s/ f/ x} + cf} / O; k/ sO{ af/ tL;/ L tfstf] + sL cf] / ;] dtna ;fwg] sL sf] lzz] + x'O{ x} + . P] ;L zlStof+ ckg] ds;b sf] kfg] s] lnP cS;/ k/ b] s] kL5] ;] cl: y/ tf cf} / czflGt sf] eL a9Þfjf b] g] d] + b] / gxL+ s/ tL . O;sf k|of] u oxf+ ca ts sO{ af/ x'cf x} cf} / sO{ ;d: ofPF ;'nemg] s] ahfo cf} / pnem uO{ x} + . gtLhf ox x'cf ls p;sf ax't gsf/ fTds c;/ ;LwL tf} / k/ ljsf; cf} / cfd nf] uf] + s] hLjg: t/ k/ k8Þf . ckmuflg: tfg O;sf pbfx/ 0f x} .

dtna ox gxL+ ls ;eL / 0fgLlts ;lqmotf g's;fgb] x xL xf] tL x} alNs cfjZos eL xf] tL x} . azt] { ls p;sf ds;b ;eL s] cdg cf} / t/ SsL s] lnP xf] . cfly{s k|ult cf} / ;d"r] ljsf; s] aLr sf kms{ cf} / 3fts / 0fgLlts ;lqmotf sf] ;demg] s] lnP xd] + dWok"j{ s] vlgh t] n ;] ;DkGg b] zf] + sL cfly{s t/ SsL cf} / p;sL gsf/ fTds kl/ 0flt ;] ;demgf cf} / cf;fg xf] uf .

afa'/fd kf} 8\ofn

/ 0fgLlts ;lqmotf cf} / a9Þg] s] cf;f/ blIf0f Plzof

ljZn]if0f

aLtL ;bL s] pQ/ fw{ d] + dWok"j{ s] ljz] if s/ c/ a e"ld cf} / p;s] cf;kf; jfn] If] q d] + / 0fgLlts bf+jk] r s'5 clws xL b] vg] sf] ldnf . pklgj] zjfb s] lvnfkm ef/ tLo pkdxfåLk cf} / p;s] cf;kf; p7] / fi6«jfbL cfGbf] ng sL hLt ;] oxfF sO{ b] zf] + sf] cfhfbL ldnL tf] jxfF ;] lj: yflkt pg tfstf] + sL] gh/ blIf0f Plzof s] cf;kf; ;] x6s/ vf8ÞL If] q d] + k8ÞL . vlgh t] n sf cs"t e08f/ xf] g] s] sf/ 0f jxf+ s] clws+fz b] zf] + d] + lk5n] krf; ;fnf] + d] + cR5L cfly{s t/ SsL x'O{ x} k/ Gt' O;L t] n s] xL sf/ 0f afx/ L tfstf] + sL jxfF a'/ L gh/ k8ÞL cf} / nDa] c/ ;] ;] / 0fgLlts p7f–k6s t/ x–t/ x sL zSnf] –;"/ t d] + cfh ts rn / xf x} . jxf+ sL cfly{s t/ SsL g] cfly{s ;DkGgtf tf] bL x} k/ Gt' cdg cf} / efO{rf/ f gx+L+ . O; dfdn] d] + tf] vf8ÞL If] q kxn] ;] eL cf} / sdhf] / xf]

rnf x} . af¿b sL bxzt d] + ceL eL cfd hgtf ;f+;] n] g] sf] dha"/ x} . vf8ÞL If] q s] O; ;km/ ;] cfly{s ljsf; cf} / zflGt s] aLr sf rf] nL bfdg sf l/ Ztf lstgf dxTjk"0f{ x} , ;demgf cf;fg xf] hfo] uf . O; aLr kljq o?;] nd cf} / dSsf sL kfjg e"ld s] cf;kf; go] –go] axfg] agfs/ sO{ af/ v"g sL xf] nL v] nL hf r'sL x} . jxf+ sL sO{ ;Qfcf] + sf] afx/ L O{zf/ f] + k/ kn6f uof cf} / sO{ sf] kf] lift lsof uof . gtLhf oxL yf ls vf8ÞL sf] s'b/ t ;] ldn] t] n s] abn] l;km{ bxztubL{ sf vf} kmgfs lj/ f;t ldnf . abnt] ;do s] ;fy ca vf8ÞL If] q sf / +u s'5 kmLsf ;f k8Þg] nuf x} . nf] st+q cf} / zflGt s] lnP t} gft atfg] jfnL ax'/ fi6«Lo ;] gf nf} 6 / xL x} lkm/ eL O/ fs lzof cf} / ;'GgL s] b+un d] + hn / xf x} . lkmnL: tLg

cf} / Oh/ fOn sf tgfj 708f gxL+ k8Þf x} . jxf+ P] ;L sO{ 36gfP+ 36 / xL x} + .

ef/ t, rLg cf} / hfkfg s] cf;kf; sf If] q ljZj sL ;a;] a8L cfafbL jfnf x} . pTkfbgzLn k"+hL s] lnP ox b'lgof sf ;a;] a8Þf afhf/ x} . nf] uf] + s] abnt] hLjg: t/ cf} / z} nL s] sf/ 0f afhf/ s] ¿k d] + ljsf; s/ / xf x} . cf} / k|fs[lts ;Dkbfcf] + sf cs"t e08f/ sf wgL eL x} . b'lgof sL a8ÞL k"hL lgj] z s/ g] jfnL s+klgof] + sf ef/ t cf} / rLg sL cf] / a9ÞtL lbnr: kL O;sf ;a;] a8f ;a"t x} . O; ;] b'lgof s] kf/ Dkl/ s cfly{s s] Gb|f] + sf] lzs: t ldng] sL ;+efjgf x} . j] ckgL ;fv sf] a/ s/ f/ / vg] s] lnP Og b] zf] + d] + cf} / cf;kf; hfoh of gfhfoh / 0fgLlts ;lqmotf a9fPFu] . lh;;] cl: y/ tf a9g] sL ;+efjgf sf] b/ lsgf/ gxL+ lsof hf ;stf .

Og ;'gx/ ] ;+efjgfcf] + sf] ;fsf/ s/ g] s] lnP ax't a8ÞÞL–a8ÞL r'gf} ltof] + ;] ;fdgf s/ gf k8] Þuf . ;a;] a8ÞL ;d: of tf] ox x} ls oxf+ s] b] zf] + s] aLr hf] kf/ Dkl/ s cfk;L b/ f/ ] + x} + pgsf] sd lsof hfo] cf} / ljZjf; s] aLh af] o] hfo] + . lh: d k/ Ps b";/ f] + s] lbP 3fjf] + k/ d/ xd k§L lso] ju} / sL ;Lgfhf] / L ;] ljZjf; sf dfxf} n gxL+ ag ;stf . ckmuflg: tfg, kfls: tfg, g] kfn, a+unfb] z, >Ln+sf, e"6fg cf} / dfnåLk ck] Iffs[t 5f] 6] cf} / lk58] Þ b] zf] + sf] eL ljsf; sL wf/ d] + cfg] sf dfxf} n agfgf cfjZos x} . O;s] lnP Og b] zf] + sf] eL lhDd] jf/ aggf xf] uf . Sof] +ls ef/ t cf} / rLg s] lvnfkm xf] g] jfnL cgk] lIft ultljlwof+] sf k|of] u g rfx s/ eL OGxL+ b] zf] + sL e"ld ;] ljleGg ¿kf] + d] + xf] g] sL ;+efjgf x} . PlzofO{ b] zf] + d] + ax't a8ÞL ;+Vof d] + nf] u u/ LaL d] + hLg] sf] dha"/ x} + . u/ LaL s] pmk/ c;+tf] if s] aLh a8Þ] cf;fgL ;] af] o] hf ;st] x} + . O;s] cnfjf oxf+ sL ;'Gb/ ;f+: s[lts ljljwtf sf] ;DdfghgsÞ ¿k d] + cfu] a9Þfg] sL cfjZostf sf] ;demgf xf] uf . O; ljljwtf sf] sxL+ ;] eL cu/ cGt/ lj/ f] w s] ¿k d] + abng] sf k|of; xf] tf x} tf] ox ;a;] a8Þf b'ef{Uo xf] ;stf x} .

g] kfn, ef/ t cf} / rLg h} ;] a8Þ] Þ cf} / dxTjfs+fIfL b] zf] + s] aLr d] + cjl: yt 5f] 6f

cf} / cljsl;t b] z x} . nDa] c/ ;] ;] / fhgLlts cl: y/ tf sf] em] ntf x'cf g] kfn Plzof s] / 0fgLlts dxTj jfnf b] z dfgf hftf x} . ljZn] ifsf] + sf dfggf x} ls g] kfn sL O; cl: y/ tf s] lnP afx/ L zlStof+] sL k/ b] s] cfu] cf} / kL5] ;] rng] jfnL / 0fgLlts ;lqmotf xL ax't xb ts lhDd] jf/ x} .

g] kfn sf] rflxP ls jx rLg cf} / ef/ t s] ljsf; sL / km\tf/ sf nfe p7fP . ;'gx/ ] eljio s] lnP rLg cf} / ef/ t s] a9Þt] l/ Zt] s] aLr d] + xf] g] s] gft] ;] t' sf sfd s/ ckg] sf] ;d[4 s/ ] . ef/ t cf} / rLg g] kfn ;] rfxt] x} + ls pgs] lj/ f] wL tfst g] kfn sf] pgs] lvnfkm k|of] u g s/ ] . O; cfu|x s] k|lt g] kfn sf] u+eL/ xf] gf rflxP . v'nL cfly{s gLltof] + s] gfd k/ ts/ Lag tLg bzs sfkmL s'5 sfuhf] + d] + lso] hfg] s] afjh"b eL sf] O{ vf; k|ult gxL+ xf] kfoL x} . g] kfn s] kf; ljb] zL k"+hL sf] cfslif{t s/ gf tf] b"/ : jb] zL k"FhL sf] kl/ rfng sf dfxf} n ts gxL+ x} . ljb] zL cf} Bf] lus k"FhL lgj] z s] ] lnP k"FhL sL ;'/ Iff, sRr] kbfyf] { sL pknAwtf, pBf] u ;+rfng sf dfxf} n cf} / pTkflbt rLhf] + s] lnP afhf/ sf xf] gf cfjZos xf] tf x} , hf] g] kfn s] kf; gxL+ x} . sRrf kbfy{ cf} / afhf/ s] lnP ef/ t cf} / rLg s] ;fy cR5] Jofkfl/ s ;+aGwf] + sf] agfP lagf c;Dej x} .

cfg] jfn] lbgf] + d] + ;+efljt ;eL k|sf/ s] vt/ f] + s] k|lt ;hu / xg] sL cfh sL cfjZostf x} . ca k'/ fg] zLto'4sfnLg ;fdl/ s / fi6«jfb sf ;do hf r'sf x} cf} / ca sf / fi6«jfb aGb"s s] ;fo] d] + gxL+ alNs cfw'lgs k|ljlwof] + ;] ;DkGg ultzLn cy{tGq s] an k/ v8ÞÞf / x] uf .

g] kfn sf] rflxP ls jx rLg cf} / ef/ t s] ljsf; sL / km\tf/ sf nfe p7fP . ;'gx/ ] eljio s] lnP rLg cf} / ef/ t s] a9Þt] l/ Zt] s] aLr d] + xf] g] s] gft] ;] t' sf sfd s/ ckg] sf] ;d[4 s/ ] . ef/ t cf} / rLg g] kfn ;] rfxt] x} + ls pgs] lj/ f] wL tfst g] kfn sf] pgs] lvnfkm k|of] u g s/ ] . O; cfu|x s] k|lt g] kfn sf] u+eL/

xf] gf rflxP .

ljZn]if0f


ls;L eL b] z d] + zf;g–k|zf;g ljlw ;Ddt xf] gf rflxP . oxL ljZj e/ d] +

nf] stflGqs dfGotf x} . ljlw cg's"n zf;g k|0ffnL cf} / k|hftGq Ps b";/ ] s] kl/ k"/ s x} + . ls;L eL b] z d] + hgtf sL / fhgLlts l: y/ tf, cfly{s ljsf;, ;fdflhs ;'/ Iff, z} lIfs r] tgf cf} Bf] lus ;DkGgtf, ;f+: s[lts P] ltxfl;s cIf'00ftf tyf ko{6sLo ;d[l4 O;L d] ?b08 k/ cjnlDat / xtL x} . oxL d] ?b08 ¿kL cfwf/ lh; b] z sf ;an / xtf x} , p;L sf ;jf{+uL0f ljsf; ;+ej xf] tf x} . xdf/ ] b] z d] + ljlw–;Ddt zf;g k|zf;g sL k|lqmof sa

: yflkt xf] uL < sf] O{ gxL+ hfgtf . ljut sO{ jiff] {+ ;] / fhgLlts lj/ f] w s] sf/ 0f ;do d] + seL k"0f{ ah6 gxL+ cf kfof . O;lnP b] z d] + 7f] ; of] hgf, b"/ bzL{ sfo{qmd tyf k|efjsf/ L gLlt nfu" gxL+ xf] kfO{ x} . b'ikl/ 0ffd ;a s] ;fdg] x} . ;du| ¿k d] + cfly{s ljsf; ljz] if ¿k ;] b'ik|efljt x'cf x} . b] z sL rf} tkmL{ gLlt cf} / of] hgf lgik|f0f xf] r'sL x} . O;sf d'Vo sf/ s tŒj x} , ;/ sf/ L clg0f{o sL gLlt tyf k/ Dk/ fut sfo{z} nL . x/ ] s jif{ ah6 agft] ;do a8ÞL–a8ÞL of] hgfcf] + tyf hgkIfLo a8Þ] –a8Þ] sfo{qmdf] + sL ;/ sf/ åf/ f 3f] if0ffP+ sL hftL x} k/ sfof{Gjog kIf lgis|Lo lbvfO{ b] tf x} . pbfx/ 0f s] ¿k d] + cg] sfg] s of] hgfcf] + Pj+ sfo{qmdf] + sf] n] ;st] x} + . h} ;] ef/ tLo ;Ldf k/ l: yt / S;f} n ;] n] s/ cdn] vu~h ts k] 6«f] lnod kbfy{ nfg] s] lnP kfOknfOg lgdf{0f s/ g] sL of] hgf bf] bzs ;] ;/ sf/ L k|ltj4tf s] cefj d] + c+ub s] kfFj sL t/ x sfuh k/ h; sL t; k8ÞL x} . j} ;] xL &%) d] ufjf6 jfnL klZrd ;] tL hnljB't\ of] hgf ;/ sf/ L

cb"/ bzL{ gLlt tyf sfo{qmd sL c: ki6tf ;] ?sfj6 k} bf s/ / xL x} . O; of] hgf sf] ;fsf/ ¿k b] g] s] lnP vaf] {+ ¿kof] + sL h¿/ t x} . ljb] zL ;xof] u s] cfwf/ k/ cfwfl/ t !) xhf/ d] ufjf6 jfnL s0ff{nL lr;fkfgL ax'p2] zLo kl/ ofo] hgf sf] Sof] + gxL+ bft[ b] zf] + s] ;xof] u ;] ;fsf/ ¿k k|bfg lsof hf / xf x} < bft[ b] zf] + s] ;xof] u ;] kl/ of] hgf sf] olb lqmoflGjt s/ g] sf k|of; s/ ] + tf] lgZro xL n'efjgf gf/ f …pHofnf] g] kfn, ;d[4 g] kfnÚ sf] ;fsf/ s/ ;st] x} + . cf} / nf] 8;] l8+u h} ;L ljs/ fn ;d: of ;] g] kfnL hgtf sf] pGd'lQm lbnf ;st] x} + . k/ P] ;f gxL+ xf] uf . ;/ sf/ sf] rflxP ls gLlt cf} / sfo{qmd sf] / fhgLlts vL+rftfgL ;]

pmk/ p7f s/ lqmoflGjt s/ ] . nf] 8;] l8+u s] sf/ 0f pBf] u hut ax't xL zf] rgLo cj: yf ;] u'h/ / xL x} . O; lbzf d] + xd] + e"6fg b] z ;] lzIff n] gL xf] uL . hnljB't\ kl/ of] hgf s] ljsf; s] sf/ 0f xL e"6fg cfly{s ljsf; s/ / xf x} . g] kfn ;/ sf/ sf] eL b] / ;a] / O; lbzf d] + 7f] ; gLlt nfgL xL xf] uL . O; s] cefj d] + ;d[4 g] kfn sf ;kgf ljkGg g] kfn d] + abngf lglZrt x} .

lghu9Þ d] + agg] jfnf b";/ f a8Þf ljdfg: yn cf} / sf7df+8" t/ fO{ k|b] z sf] hf] 8Þg] jfnf b|'t dfu{ lgdf{0f jfnL gLlt tyf sfo{qmd ljut kfFr jiff] {+ ;] ah6 d] + ;dfj] z xf] tf cf / xf x} . b|'t dfu{ sL ult cfu] a9ÞL k/ 7f] ; gLlt s] cefj d] + dGy/ xf] ?sL x'O{ x} . ca / xL lghu9 ljdfg: yn lgdf{0f sfo{ sL aft, tf] O; sf eL eljio cw/ d] + n6sf x} .

g] kfn s[lif k|wfg b] z dfgf hftf x} . ^% k|ltzt hgtf s[lif k/ cfwfl/ t x} , lj8Dagf ox x} ls clwsf+z s[lif e"ld l;rfO{ s] cefj d] + a+h/ agL x'O{ x} . s[lif k/ cfwfl/ t o'jf

ju{ ljb] z knfog s/ / x] x+} . lh;] / f] sg] s] lnP cfsif{s sfo{qmd nfg] sL h¿/ t x} . ;/ sf/ vfBfGg pTkfbg d] + cfTdlge{/ agfg] s] lnP …s[lif qmflGt bzsÚ dgfg] sL 3f] if0ff tf] s/ tL x} , k/ s[lif If] q d] + JofKt ;d: of ;dfwfg s/ g] d] + c;dy{ / xtL x} , Sof P] ;L l: ylt d] + gf/ f ;] ;d: of ;dfwfg xf] g] jfnf x} <

lzIff–: jf: Yo s] If] q d] + tf] cf} / eL eofjx l: ylt ljBdfg x} . z} lIfs gLlt sL cb"/ blz{tf s] sf/ 0f lzIff If] q ab ;] abt/ xf] tf hf / xf x} . lzIff : jf: Yo sf ;DaGw k|ToIf ¿k d] + cfd gful/ s ;] x} . k|j] lzsf k/ LIff kl/ 0ffd z} lIfs cj: yf cf} / ;fd'bflos ljBfnof] + sL gfh's cj: yfcf] + sf Bf] ts x} . lzIff s] gfd k/ k|fOj] 6 ljBfnof] + s] åf/ f cleefjsf] +, ljBfly{of] + cf} / lzIfsf] + sf hf] zf] if0f sfo{ lsof hf / xf x} , jx ljz] if lrGtf sf ljifo x} . O; cf] / ;/ sf/ sf] rflxP ls z} lIfs gLltof] + cf} / sfo{qmdf] + d] + cfd"n kl/ jt{g s/ P] ;] ljBfnof] + s] 6«: 6L k/ gs] n s;f hfP cf} / z} lIfs zf] if0f sf] / f] sf hfP . P] ;f s/ g] k/ xL lzIff, ;dfh cf} / / fi6« s] lxt d] + k|efjf] Tkfbs xf] ;stL x} , cGoyf gxL+ . : jf: Yo If] q eL lrlsT;sf] + cf} / s's'/ d'Qf] + sL t/ x pbLodfg xf] / x] gl;{+u xf] d aLdf/ L s] gfd k/ hgtf sf cfly{s zf] if0f s/ / x] x} + . O; k/ eL ;/ sf/ sL cf] / ;] 7f] ; gLlt cf} / k|efjL sfo{qmd nfg] sL h¿/ t x} . lzIff–: jf: Yo bf] gf] + If] q d] + dflkmof] + sf / fh x} , lh;] lgoGq0f s/ gf ;/ sf/ sf k|d'v st{Jo x} .

pko'{Qm ;d: ofcf] + sf ;dfwfg ;/ sf/ s/ gf rfxtL x} tf] p;] ah6 s] dfWod ;] 7f] ; gLlt cf} / k|efjsf/ L sfo{qmd sf] nfgf xf] uf . gLlt cf} / sfo{qmd nfg] dfq ;] sfd gxL+ rn] uf . sfof{Gjog sf] ;'rf?tf k|bfg s/ g] sL lbzf d] + dg;f, jfrf, sd{0ff cu|;/ tf lbvfgL xf] uL . ljsf; s] k"jf{wf/ s] ¿k d] + lzIff, : jf: Yo, hnljB't\ kl/ of] hgf, ko{6g, s[lif pTkfbg, oftfoft, cf} Bf] lusLs/ 0f, jg ;+/ If0f cflb sf] Jojl: yt kf/ bzL{, u'0f: t/ Lo, cfTdlge{/ agfg] s] lnP, a] / f] huf/ L ;d: of ;dfwfg s] lnP nfu" gLlt, 7f] ; sfo{qmd tyf b"/ bzL{ of] hgf nfs/ sfof{Gjog s/ ] + tf] cjZo xL / fi6« pGglt s/ ;stf x} .

/d]z emf

7f] ; gLlt tyf k|efjL sfof{Gjog sL ck] Iff

b] z sL rf} tkmL{ gLlt cf} / of] hgf lgik|f0f xf] r'sL x} . O;sf d'Vo sf/ s tŒj x} , ;/ sf/ L clg0f{o sL gLlt tyf k/ Dk/ ut sfo{z} nL .

x/ ] s jif{ ah6 agft] ;do a8ÞL–a8ÞL of] hgfcf] + tyf hgkIfLo a8Þ] –a8Þ] sfo{qmdf] + sL ;/ sf/ åf/ f 3f] if0ffP+ sL hftL x} k/

sfof{Gjog kIf lgis[o lbvfO{ b] tf x} .

ljrf/ dLdf+;f

nf] st+q sf ;a;] a8Þf pkxf/ hgtf s] lnP ox xf] tf x} ls, O; t+q d] + hgtf ckgL aft, ckgL efjgf, ckg] ljrf/ JoSt s/ g] s] lnP : jt+q xf] tL x} . g] kfn s] ;dfrf/ kq cf} / dLl8of d] + O; dxLg] bf] ;dfrf/ k|d'vtf s] ;fy 5fP / x] . ;fdflhs ;+hfn -km] ;a's_ k/ Ps cfd gful/ s åf/ f lbof uof sd] G6 cf} / ;/ sf/ s] åf/ f Joj: yflksf ;+;b d] + k] z lsof uof …cbfnt cjx] ngf ;DaGwL ljw] osÚ . kxnL rrf{ sd] G6 k/ xL s/ ] + . cfh sf o'u ;+rf/ cf} / ;fdflhs ;+hfn sf x} . cfh sL kL9ÞL ckgL 5f] 6L–;L–5f] 6L efjgfPF km] ;a's k/ z] o/ s/ tL x} cf} / ox Ps P] ;f dfWod x} ls tTsfn Ps a8ÞL ;+Vof d] + nf] u p;;] h'8Þ hft] x} + . ;Kt/ L kf] tf{xf ! s] cAb'n / xdfg g] Ps P] ;L xL untL -k'ln; sL lgufx d] +_ s/ bL . p;g] sd] G6 lbof ls, …Sof ;'w/ gf, ckgL xL rf] / L sL afOs n] g] s] lnP k} ;f b] gf k8Þf jx eL krf; xhf/ Ú ca O; Ps jfSo k/ Wofg b] +, tf] O;d] + g tf] ls;L JolSt ljz] if sf pNn] v x} cf} / g xL ls;L k/ k|ToIf cf/ f] k . xfF cu/ O;d] + s'5 x} tf] Ps cfd cfbdL sL kL8Þf . o] Ps cAb'n / xdfg sL kL8Þf gxL+ x} ox xdf/ ] ;dfh sL kL8Þf x} . cfk

ls;L eL If] q d] + rn] hfOP cfksf sfd ta cf;fg xf] hftf x} ha cfk s'5 …vr{Ú s/ t] x} + . en] xL jx sfd cfks] clwsf/ If] q sf Sof] + g xf] , k/ p;] cfk cf;fgL ;] gxL+ s/ jf ;st] . ;eL hfgt] x} + ls ck/ fw s] d"n d] + sxL+–

g f –sx L +

k'ln; sL eL

ldnLeut / xtL x} . v} / , O; ljifo sf] cu/ v+ufnf uof tf] aft ax't nDaL vL+r hfPuL . cAb'n / xdfg sf] ckg] Ps sd] +G6 s] lnP aL; lbg ts sf/ fuf/ d] + / xgf k8Þf . ;Kt/ L s] P;kL lbg] z cdfTo s] lgb] {zg d] + p;] lgo+q0f d] + lnof uof cf} / kGb|x lbg s] afb p;] ;Kt/ L lhnf cbfnt d] + ljB'tLo sf/ f] af/ P] g s] cGtu{t d'b\

cfj/0f

cleJolSt : jt+qtf k/ k|xf/

8f= Zj] tf bLlKt

nf] st+q sf pkxf/ M

k'ln; hf] HofbtL ;fdfGo hgtf k/ s/ / xL x} cflv/ p;s] kL5]

pgsL Sof dfgl;stf x} < ;Kt/ L sf s] ; xf] of cToGt lk58 Þ] If] q

8f] Nkf s] lgxTy] gful/ s k/ x'P k|xf/ sf xf] . O; em8Þk d] + hf]

hfg] + uO{+, sO{ 3fon eL x'P cflv/ pgsL Sof untL yL < k|;fO{

hL g] ;xL lnvf x} ls o] u} / Goflos xTof cf} / bdg sf rl/ q

lje] bsf/ L dfgl;stf sf] hflx/ s/ tf x} .

bf rnfg] s] lnP xflh/ lsof uof cf} / ca oxfF uf} / s/ ] + tf] ktf rn] uf ls sfg"g cf} / lgod s] ljifo d] + k|x/ L of ;Da4 clwsf/ L sf] lstgL hfgsf/ L x} . cAb'n / xdfg sf] ha lhnf cbfnt d] + ;f] nx lbg kZrft\ xflh/ lsof uof tf] , ktf rnf ls ljB'tLo sf/ f] af/ P] g cGtu{t d'b\bf rnfg] sf clwsf/ lhnf cbfnt sf] x} xL gxL+, ox clwsf/ l;km{ sf7df+8" lhnf cbfnt sf] x} . tTkZrft\ p;] sf7df+8" nfof uof hxfF Ps lbg s] afb p;] kfFr xhf/ sL hdfgt / flz k/ l/ xf s/ lbof uof . ca ;jfn ox p7tf x} ls lh; ck/ fw s] lnP p;] kGb|x lbgf] + ts s} b d] + / vf uof cf} / p;k/ ! nfv ?kP sf h'df{gf cf} / kfFr jif{ ;hf sL df+u sL uO{ yL p;] Ps lbg d] + xL l/ xfO{ s} ;] ldn uO{ < sf/ 0f : ki6 x}

ls ox dfdnf ;+uLg gxL+ yf .b";/ L aft ;fdg] cftL x} ls,

Sof k'ln; Joj: yf u/ La, lk58ÞL hflt of If] q s] lnP gxL+ x} < cf/ f] k k|Tof/ f] k tf] a8Þ] –a8Þ] nf] u nuft] / xt] x} + cf} / jx v'n] ¿k d] +

;fdg] cft] eL x+} lsGt' pg k/ sf] O{ sfg"gL sf/ jfO{ gxL+ xf] tL tf] , Ps ;fdfGo JolSt s] ;fdfGo ;] sd] G6 k/ p;] ;hf Sof] + < aL; lbg sL dfgl;s oftgf hf] p;g] ;xL of p;s] kl/ jf/ g] ;xL, p;sL e/ kfO{ sf} g s/ ] uf < O; ;Gbe{ d] + h"g @$ d] + sf+ltk'/ d] + k|sflzt pHHjn k|;fO{ s] cfn] v …k'ln; : 6] 6Ú sL rrf{ d} + s/ gf rfx"FuL . pSt cfn] v d] + k|;fO{ hL g] sfkmL ;+hLbuL s] ;fy sO{ ;+j] bgzLn d'b\bf] + sf] p7fof x} . k'ln; hf] HofbtL ;fdfGo hgtf k/ s/ / xL x} cflv/ p;s] kL5] pgsL Sof dfgl;stf x} < ;Kt/ L sf s] ; xf] of cToGt lk58Þ] If] q 8f] Nkf s] lgxTy] gful/ s k/ x'P k|xf/ sf xf] . O; em8Þk d] + hf] hfg] + uO{+, sO{ 3fon eL x'P cflv/ pgsL Sof untL yL < k|;fO{ hL g] ;xL lnvf x} ls o] u} / Goflos xTof cf} / bdg


sf rl/ q lje] bsf/ L dfgl;stf sf] hflx/ s/ tf x} .

O;L ;Gbe{ d] + t'nfgf/ fo0f hL s] ljrf/ eL k9Þg] sf] ldn] y] . cfkg] eL dfgf x} ls, Og sfo{jflxof] + s] kL5] sxL+–gf–sxL+ lje] bsf/ L dfgl;stf cf} / cf} klgj] lzs k|j[lQ xL x} . ;Kt/ L s] / xdfg cf} / l;/ xf s] / fh" sL lu/ km\tf/ L s] d"n d] + l;km{ ;fdflhs ;+hfn k/ lnvf uof sd] G6 gxL+ x} , alNs / fHo ;+oq d] + dw] lzof] + sf gu0o jr{: j eL O;sf sf/ 0f x} . ox kxf8ÞL cf} / dw] zL s] ;fy–;fy gful/ s cf} / / fHo s] aLr sf ljifo x} . O; ;Gbe{ d] + k"j{ / Iffd+qL z/ t l;+x e08f/ L sf jStJo hf] cfk af/ –af/ sxt] cfP x} + ls, æk'ln; sL af] nL eL hux s] cg';f/ kl/ jlt{t xf] tL / xtL x} . oxL k'ln; ha l;Gw'nL s] ls;L yfg] d] + sfo{/ t xf] tL x} cf} / jxfF s] ls;L ef/ jfxs of km6] xfn dhb"/ ;] aft s/ tL x} tf] cfb/ k"j{s …bfO{ s] sfd lyof] <Ú sxtL x} , k/ jxL ha d] / ] lhnf dxf] Q/ L d] + sfnf r] x/ f cf} / wf] tL s'Qf{ nufP ls;L km6] xfn dhb"/ sf] b] vtL x} tf] , …sxfF cfO; < s] 5 t] / f] <Ú h} ;]

ckdfghgs zAbf] + sf k|of] u s/ tL x} .Æ sf pNn] v ;do ;fk] If xf] uf . O;lnP ox zf;s cf} / zfl;t s] aLr s] dgf] lj1fg sL ;d: of x} .

g] kfnL ;dfh cf} / / fHo s] aLr lg/ Gt/ åGå a9Þtf hf / xf x} . / fHo k/ ;] ;fdfGo gful/ s sf e/ f] ;f 36tf hf / xf x} . ljZn] ifs ;L= s] nfn s] zAbf] + d] +, ænf] stflGqs Joj: yf d] + gful/ s cf} / / fHo

aLr s] ;DaGw s'5 lnlvt cf} / p;;] clws k|rlnt cg'aGw d] + cfwfl/ t xf] t] x} + . / fHo cf} / gful/ s s] cg'aGw sf cfwf/ gful/ stf Pj+ dtflwsf/ x} . O;sf k|of] u s/ s] gful/ s ;/ sf/ sf] dfGotf b] tL x} Pj+ ;DaGw gjLs/ 0f xf] tf / xtf x} . / fHo

gful/ s sf] sxtf x} , t'd d] / f sfg"g dfgf] , d'em] xlyof/ sf Psflwsf/ bf] . O;s] abn] / fHo t'Dx] + tLg t/ x sL ;'ljwf b] uf . ;'/ Iff, ;] jf cf} / ;Ddfg .Æ lsGt' Og tLgf] + aftf] + sf] cu/ dw] z s] kl/ j] z d] + b] vf hfo tf] lbg k|ltlbg sL xTof, ckx/ 0f cf} / HofbtL sL 36gf : jo+ hflx/ s/ b] tL x} ls lstgL ux/ fO{ ;] cf} / sxfF nfu" xf] / xL x} + .

P] ;f gxL+ x} ls k'ln; HofbtL l;km{ dw] z d] + xL xf] tL x} +, k/ ox tf] hfgL x'O{ aft x} ls c;Ifd k/ OgsL HofbtL Hofbf xf] tL x} . pgsL kml/ ofb of ;d: of sf] ;'gg] sf ;do Ogs] kf; gxL+ xf] tf cf} / gxL+ pgs] ;dfwfg x] t' xL o] tTk/ xf] t] x} + .

b";/ f d'b\bf hf] O; dxLgf rrf{ d] +

/ xf cf} / hf] ca ts rrf{ sf ljifo agf x'cf x} jx x} …cbfnt cjx] ngf ljw] osÚ . O;sf ;j{Jofks lj/ f] w v'ns/ ;fdg] cf / xf x} . cbfnt s] slyt cjx] ngf / f] sg] s] gfd k/ sfg"g tyf Gofod+qL g/ xl/ cfrfo{ g] hf] ljw] os Joj: yflksf ;+;b d] +

k+hLs[t s/ fof x} jx ;+ljwfg k|bQ k|] ; cf} / cleJolSt sL : jt+qtf s] lj?4 x} . pSt ljw] os d] + cbfnt sL cjx] ngf s] ;DaGw d] + GofofwLz cu/ : jo+ hfgsf/ L n] tf x} of p;sf Wofgfsif{0f s/ fof hftf x} tf] , ;DalGwt JolSt sf] Ps jif{ s} b of b; xhf/ ?kP of lkm/ o]

bf] gf] + xL ;hf xf] ;stL x} . O; k|fjwfg d] + GofofwLz : jo+ eL k'hf{ b] s/ ;DalGwt JolSt s] pmk/ s] ; s/ ;stf x} cf} / ;hf ;'gf ;stf x} . P] ;L Joj: yf h+uL sfg"g d] + kfO{ hftL yL . lj/ f] lwof] + sf] ;dfKt s/ g] s] lnP krf{ v8Þf s/ g] sf k|rng yf . / f0ffsfn cf} / k+rfot sfn d] + k|rlnt …krf{ k|yfÚ hf] cfh s] O; cjx] ngf ;DaGwL ljw] os sL k|s[lt sf xL yf, p;] ax'bnLo Joj: yf k'gM : yflkt xf] g] k/ x6f lbof uof yf . : jo+ cf/ f] k nufgf cf} / : jo+ km} ;nf s/ gf 1fg] Gb|sfnLg zfxL cfof] u z} nL sL k'g/ fj[lQ cf} / nf] stflGqs clwsf/ xgg sf sxL+ k"j{ ;+s] t tf] gxL+ x} <

g] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 s] cWoIf g]

n] lsg P] ;] eL x} + GofofwLzox k"/ f dxLgf cbfnt, Gofo cf} / GofofwLz s] Ob{lub{ 3"dtf / xf . cf} lrTo, cgf} lrTo sL aft] + p7tL / xL+ . P] ;] d] + Ps ;'vb cf} / b] z sf] uf} / jflGjt s/ g] jfnL O; va/ g] dg sf] zf+lt bL . nlntk'/ lhnf GofofwLz 6] sgf/ fo0f s'Fj/ Gofo;Dkfbg s] lnP cd] l/ sL ;/ sf/ åf/ f ;Ddflgt x'P x} + . cd] l/ sL ljb] z d+qL hfg s] / L g] pGx] + dfgj Jofkf/ / f] syfd s] lnP Gofofno d] + / xs/ xL pTs[i6 sfd s/ g] s] lnP @)!$ xL/ f] PlS6+u 6" OG8 df] 8g{ ;] lne/ L cjf8{ lbof x} . cd] l/ sL ljb] z d+qfno ljZje/ s] ljljw If] q d] + pTs[i6 sfd s/ g] jfnf] + sf] ox ;Ddfg b] tf cfof x} . Goflos If] q ;] ox ;Ddfg k|fKt s/ g] jfnf] + sL ;+Vof sd xL x} . 6] s gf/ fo0f s'Fj/ kxn] g] kfnL gful/ s x} + lhGx] + ox ;Ddfg ldnf x} .

P;kL lbg] z cdfTo

cbfnt s] slyt cjx] ngf / f] sg] s] gfd k/ sfg"g tyf Gofod+qL g/ xl/ cfrfo{ g] hf] ljw] os Joj: yflksf ;+;b d] + k+hLs[t s/ fof x} jx ;+ljwfg k|bQ k|] ; cf} / cleJolSt sL : jt+qtf s] lj?4 x} .

cfj/0f cfj/0f

r] tfjgL bL x} ls cu/ ox ljw] os jfk; gxL+ lnof uof tf] cfGbf] ng lsof hfPuf . O;L t/ x cGt/ f{i6«Lo kqsf/ dxf;+3 g] eL O;sf lj/ f] w lsof x} . cf: 6«] lnof s] Go" ;fpy j] N;l: yt ckg] k|zfGt If] qLo sfof{no åf/ f hf/ L k|] ; lj1lKt d] + sxf x} ls, æk|] ; : jtGqtf cf} / cleJolSt : jtGqtf nf] stGq s] cv08gLo tTj x} + . cfh ha g] kfn d] + cfd ;+rf/ cf} / nf] stGq kl/ kSj xf] g] sL cj: yf d] + x} , tf] p; ;do Ps P] ;f sfg"g hf] df} lns clwsf/ sf xgg s/ tf xf] , nfg] sf Sof cf} lrTo x} < k|: tfljt ljw] os dfgj clwsf/ s] cGt/ f{i6«Lo clwsf/ s] dfk b08 s] cg';f/ gxL+ x} O;lnP of tf] O;] vfl/ h s/ gf xf] uf of lkm/ ;+zf] wg s/ gf xf] uf .Æ

g] kfn af/ P;f] l;P;g s] pkfWoIf 6Lsf/ fd e6\6/ fO{ g] eL ;+ljwfg åf/ f lbP uP df} lns clwsf/ sf] ;/ sf/ åf/ f xgg s/ g] k/ cfklQ htfO{ x} . pGxf] +g] sxf ls æ;+ljwfg ;] afx/ hfg] sf clwsf/ ls;L sf] gxL+ x} . ljw] os d] + gful/ s s] df} lns clwsf/ sf] s'+l7t s/ tf x} O;lnP ha ts O;d] + ;+zf] wg gxL+ xf] tf O;] kf; gxL lsof hfgf rflxP .Æ

sfg"g ljb\ xl/ km'ofn g] eL lj/ f] w htft] x'P dfgf ls, æljrf/ cf} / cleJolSt : jtGqtf s] ljk/ Lt O; ljw] os sf] ls;L eL xfnt d] + kfl/ t gxL+ lsof hf ;stf .Æ

P] ;f nutf x} ls Gofofno s] eLt/ hf] ljs[lt cf} / c: jfefljs k|ls|of xf] / xL x} cf} / p;s] lj?4 hg;fwf/ 0f sL hf] cfjfh] + p7 / xL x+} , ox ljw] os p; cfjfh k/ k|ltaGw nufg] s] lnP nfof hf / xf x} . Ps cf] / hxfF Gofofno h} ;L kljq hux k/ clgoldttf cf} / clwsf/ b'?kof] u k/

lgo+q0f s/ g] sL dfFu xf] / xL x} jxL+ b";/ L cf] / OGxL+ k|j[lQof] + sf] a9Þfjf b] g] cf} / unt lg0f{o s] k'li6 x] ] t' P] ;] ljw] os sf] nfof hf / xf x} . ceL xfn d] + cbfnt åf/ f lbP uP lg0f{o g] hgdfg; sf] ljrlnt lsof x} d;ng ;f] g] s] t: s/ s] cf/ f] kL sf] l/ xf s / g f , bf] c/ a

3 f ] 6 f n f s / g ] jfn] sf] l/ xf s/ gf cf} / O; k/ s} lkmot k"5g] jfnf] + k/ cjx] ngf sfg"g s] txt sf/ jfxL s/ gf cflb . k|Zg o] p7tf x} ls Sof P] ;] lg0f{of] + k/ dLl8of, ;dfrf/ kq of ;fdflhs ;+hfn k/ ljrf/ JoSt lsP hft] x} + tf] , pg k/ kfaGbL nugL rflxP < nf] stflGqs b] z d] + cbfntL lg0f{o cf} / cfb] z s] k|lt lh1f;f s/ g] sf cf} / hfgsf/ L n] g] sf clwsf/ hgtf cf} / ;+rf/ dfWod bf] gf] + sf] x} . cu/ ox clwsf/ gxL+ xf] tf] hgtf lg/ +s'z gxL+ xf] tL x} , Ps k"/ f t+q lg/ +s'z xf] tf x} . Sof] +ls ;} Go zfl;t of clwgfosjfbL b] z d] + xL ;jfn k"5g] sf xs gxL+ xf] tf x} , jxfF Gofofno zf;s s]

xfyf] + d] + xf] tf x} . lsGt' nf] st+q d] + tf] ox hgtf sf df} lns clwsf/ x} , oxfF hgtf k"5tL eL x} cf} / zf;g cf} / zf;s sf] hjfa eL b] gf k8Þtf x} .

Gofofno sf ;Ddfg cf} / p; k/ cf: yf / vgf k|To] s gful/ s sL lhDD] bf/ L x} k/ O;s] lnP cbfnt cf} / GofosdL{ sf] eL tf] ;r] t cf} / O{dfgbf/ xf] gf k8Þtf x} . ;/ sf/ sL eL ox lhDd] bf/ L xf] tL x} ls jf] s} ;] Gofokflnsf sL 5lj cf} / l: ylt sf] ;'wf/ s/ ;stL x} . lk5n] lbgf] + ;jf] {Rr cbfnt s] GofofwLz lgo'lSt k|s/ 0f d] + lhtg] gf6s x'P jf] ;/ sf/ sL gLot k/ eL ;jfn v8Þf s/ t] x} + . cbfnt sL cjx] ngf ;+rf/ dfWod, kqsf/ of cfd hgtf gxL+ s/ / xL x} O;sL h8Þ sxL+ gf sxL+ ;/ sf/ cf} / cbfnt s] eLt/ xL x} . ls;L eL ljw] os sf] nfg] s] lnP Ps uxg u[xsfo{ sL cfjZostf xf] tL x} . sfg"g d+qfno g] lj1lKt hf/ L s/ s] : ki6Ls/ 0f lbof x} ls cjx] ngf ;DaGwL ljw] os O;s] kxn] s] ;+ljwfg d] + xL t} of/ x'cf yf . @)^& k"; !( ut] pSt ljw] os ;+;b d] + k+hLs[t x'cf yf lh;] jQ{dfg ;/ sf/ g] Hof] + sf Tof] + k] z lsof x} . pSt ljw] os rf/ ;fn s] afb k] z s/ g] s] kL5] cflv/ Sof d+zf x} < Sof O;] k] z s/ g] ;] kxn] O; k/ lkm/ ;] b[li6 8fng] cf} / O;s] cf} lrTo sf] b] vg] sL cfjZostf gxL+ yL < cbfnt sL cjx] ngf cf} / GofofwLz sL ;'/ Iff sjr s] ¿k d] + cfof ox ljw] os Sof lg/ +s'ztf sf] a9Þfjf gxL+ b] ;stf < Og ;f/ ] ;jfnf] + k/ ljrf/ cf} / k'glj{rf/ sL cfjZostf x} . O;s] lagf P] ;] ljw] os sf] kfl/ t s/ gf cleJolSt : jt+qtf sL xTof x} .

P] ;f nutf x} ls

Gofofno s] eLt/ hf] ljs[lt cf} / c: jfefljs

k|ls|of xf] / xL x} cf} / p;s] lj?4 hg;fwf/ 0f sL hf]

cfjfh] + p7 / xL x+} , ox ljw] os p; cfjfh k/ k|ltaGw nufg] s] lnP nfof hf

/ xf x} .


OGb|axfb'/ aflgof“;+ljwfg;ef ;b: o–dsjfgk'/ If] q gDa/ !

cGt/jftf{

) ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f sf sfd s} ;] cfu] a9Þ / xf x} <– ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg ;DkGg xf] g] s] afb O; cjlw d] +

;+ljwfg ;ef ckgf sfd s/ / xf x} . ;+ljwfg ;ef sL ljifout ;ldlt, k"j{ s] ;+ljwfg ;ef g] hf] pknlAw xfl;n sL yL p;] ;+: yfut s/ g] sf sfd s/ / xL x} . cf} / ;fy xL ljifo ut ;ldlt åf/ f a9ÞfP uP ljifo k/ eL ax; xf] / xL x} .ceL hf] sfd xf] / x] x} +, p;;] cfk ;a ;+t'i6 x} + <

–hgtf rfxtL x} ls pGx] + hNb ;] hNb ;+ljwfg ldn] , ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f sf sfd hNbL vTd xf] . hgtf g] xd] + r'gf x} , pgs] k|ltlglw x} + xd, O;lnP pgsL OR5f sf] k"/ f s/ gf xdf/ f bfloTj x} . O;lnP xd ;eL O; sfo{ d] + nu] x'P x} + . b] z s] ;eL k|d'v bn g] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f d] + ckgL k|lta4tf JoSt sL x} , O;lnP xd nIo d] + h¿/ ;kmn xf] +u] P] ;f d] / f ljZjf; x} . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f gxL+ xf] g] k/ O;s] k"j{ s] ;+ljwfg ;ef g] hf] ckdfg em] nf yf jx jQ{dfg ;ef;bf] + sf] ktf x} , O;lnP eL xd ;a ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f s] k|lt uDeL/ x} + .) ;+ljwfg;ef lkm/ ls;L a8Þ] bn sf aGws g ag hfo, hgtf s] aLr ;] P] ;L cfjfh p7 / xL x} . cfk g] kfnL sfFu|] ; s] ;ef;b x} +, Sof cfksf] nutf x} ls ox ;Dej x} <

–ljut d] + hf] untL x'O{ x} p;] / fhgLlts bn lkm/ ;] gxL+ b'x/ fPFu] P] ;f d] / f ljZjf; x} . k"j{ ;+ljwfg;ef ;xdlt sL / 6 d] + lj36g xf] uO{ yL, O;lnP O; af/ xd ;eL ;r] t x} + ls ;xdlt s] gfd k/ ;+ljwfg ;ef aGws gxL+ ag] . lh; ljifo sf ;dfwfg ;xdlt ;] xf] gf x} jx p;L s] åf/ f xf] uf cf} / cGo ljifo sf] k|ls|of d] + n] hfs/ p;sf ;dfwfg vf] hgf xf] uf . Og ljifof] + k/ ax; sf d'Vo s] Gb| ;+ljwfg ;ef xL xf] uf .) ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg s] qmd d] + cfkg] ljsf; lgdf{0f sf cfZjf;g eL lbof xf] uf <

– xd ;eL ;+ljwfg;ef ;b: of] + sL bf] x/ L lhDd] bf/ L x} . ;f+;b sL lhDd] bf/ L eL xd] + xL jxg s/ gf k8Þtf x} . ;+ljwfg ;ef lgjf{rg s] ;do xdg] If] q s] ljsf; s] lnP eL k|lta4tf JoSt sL yL . d} + cfZjf;g ;] clws sfd s/ g] d] + ljZjf; s/ tf x"F . ljsf; s/ g] sL jhx ;] xL hgtf g] d'emd] + ckgf ljZjf; lbvfof x} . d} + lh; ;do hgk|ltlglw gxL+ yf p; ;do eL d} +g] ljsf; sfo{ lsof x} .) ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f of ljsf;, cfksf Wofg Hofbf sxfF x} <

– ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f sf sfd d] / L kxnL] k|fyldstf x} . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f sL lhDd] bf/ L b] s/ d'em] hgtf g] ;+ljwfg;ef s] k|ltlglw s] ¿k d] + r'gf x} . O;s] ;fy ckg] If] q sf ljsf; eL d] / ] lnP ptgf xL dxTjk"0f{ x} lhtgf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f . d} + ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f s] s|d d] + xL hgtf sL / f] hL / f] 6L cf} / ljsf; s] ;jfn k/ eL Wofg b] / xf x"F .) lgjf{rg d] + ljhoL xf] g] s] afb cfkg] sf} g ;f dxTjk"0f{ sfd lsof x} <

– d] / ] If] q d] + dsjfgk'/ sf clwsf+z ljs6 ufFj k8Þtf x} . ufFj s] clwsf+z If] q d] + ;8Þs ;'ljwf sf cefj x} . d] / L kxnL k|fyldstf ufFjjfl;of] + sf] ;8Þs ;] hf] 8Þ s/ ufFj s] pTkfbg sf afhf/ Ls/ 0f s/ gf x} . lgjf{rg d] + ljho k|fKt s/ g] s] afb ;a;] kxnf sfd d} +g] JolStut lgj] z s] åf/ f ;8Þs lgdf{0f d] + lsof x} , hf] sfd ceL xf] / xf x} . O;L s] ;fy : yfgLo ljsf; d+qfno cf} / lhlj; s] åf/ f

ckg] If] q d] + ljsf; sL of] hgf n] hfg] sL kxn sL x} . ;fy xL ;f+;b ljsf; sf] if åf/ f k|fKt xf] g] jfnL / flz sf] ljBfno cf} / kLg] sf kfgL pknaw s/ fg] d] + vr{ lsof x} . .) sflGt nf] sky cf} / b'|tdfu{ eL cfks] If] q d] + xL k8Þtf x} O; ljifo d] + cfksL Sof lbnr: kL x} <

– sflGt nf] sky sf Oltxf; ^ bzs nDaf x} . ox / f: tf ax't jif{ kxn] xL k"0f{ ¿k d] + ;+rfng d] + cf hfgf rflxP yf . lsGt' ljut d] + hf] hgk|ltlglw y] pgsf Wofg ljsf; ;] clws efif0f d] + yf lh;sL jhx ;] O;sf ljsf; gxL+ xf] kfof ;fy xL ah6 sf ;xL 9+u ;] gxL+ cf kfgf eL O;s] ljsf; d] + cj/ f] w k} bf s/ tf / xf . O;lnP d} + cf} / nlntk'/ If] q gDa/ ! s] ;ef;b sL kxn d] + sflGtnf] sky sf] kxnL k|fyldstf sL of] hgf d] + zfldn s/ fg] d] + ;kmn xf] kfP cf} / #$ s/ f] 8Þ ¿kP sf ah6 ax'jifL{o 7] sf k|0ffnL s] lnP ljlgof] hg x'cf . xd bf] gf] + lg/ Gt/ dsjfgk'/ cf} / nlntk'/ sf : j¿k abng] d] + k|of;/ t x} + . b|'tdfu{ s] ljifo d] + eL xdg] ;/ sf/ sf Wofgfsif{0f s/ fof x} . / fHo eL ckg] t/ Ls] ;] O; sfd sf] cfu] a9Þfg] sL ;f] r d] + x} . ) cGt d] +, cfksf d'Vo nIo Sof x} <

– hgtf s] ;fy hf] k|ltj4tf d} +g] sL x} p;L s] cg';f/ nf] stflGqs ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f d] / f nIo x} . O;s] ;fy xL ckg] ufFj sf] ;8Þs ;'ljwf ;] kl/ k"0f{ s/ gf, ljBfnof] + sf] ;'ljwf ;DkGg agfgf, u'0f: t/ Lo lzIff pknAw s/ fgf, kLg] sf : jR5 hn cf} / ljB't cfk"lt{ cflb sL hf] df+u x} p;] k"/ f s/ gf d] / f nIo x} . hgtf sf] d} + ox ljZjf; lbnfgf rfxtf x"F ls ;+ljwfg cf} / ljsf; ;fy–;fy xf] uf . pg;] d] / f cfu|x x} ls jf] ljZjf; s/ ] + .

k|: t'ltM uf] ljGb Gof} kfg] ÷x] 6f} 8f

;+ljwfg cf} / ljsf; ;fy ;fy

cfwf cfsfz–k"/L p8Þfg

) 5f] 6L pd| d] + ax't a8L lhDd] bf/ L n] lnof x} < s} ;f nu / xf x} <– gxL+, ptgL eL 5f] 6L tf] gxL+ x"F . hxfF ts / xL lhDd] bf/ L

sL aft tf] d} + ckgL lhDd] bf/ L s] k|lt ;hu x"F . nDa] ;do ;] / fhgLlts nf] uf] + s] ;fy / xt] –/ xt] ax't aft ;demtL x"F . cf} / lkmnxfn tf] Ps xL aft x} ls lhtgL hNbL xf] ;s] hgtf sf] ;+ljwfg rflxP cf} / p;s] lnP k|of;/ t x"F .) lh; ;do cfk dfcf] jfbL cfGbf] ng sf c+u agL, cfksL pd| eL sfkmL sd yL cf} / ;/ sf/ g] dfcf] jflbof] + sf] cft+sjfbL 3f] lift lsof yf . P] ;] d+] + 8/ gxL+ nuf <

– 8/ sL tf] sf] O{ aft xL gxL+ yL . dfcf] jfbL g] tf nf] u ha 3/ cft] y] tf] cR5L aftrLt xf] tL yL . j] nf] u xd] zf ;dfh kl/ jt{g sL aft s/ t] y] . ;dfh d] + JofKt s'/ Llt, bdg, wd{, hft, ln+u s] gfd k/ lje] b cf} / s'zf;g cGt s/ g] sL aft s/ t] y] . cf} / d'em] nuf ls ox tf] cR5L aft x} Sof] +ls xd nf] u eL Og ;fdflhs ljs[ltof] + ;] k/ ] zfg y] . O; t/ x d} + eL wL/ ] –wL/ ] h'8ÞtL rnL uoL O; cfGbf] ng ;] .) ax't kljq ljrf/ n] s/ cfk kf6L{ d] + cfoL+, n] lsg cfh ha dfcf] jfbL g] tf nf] u v'b xL ljs[t xf] uo] x+} , a8Þ] –a8Þ] 3/ f] + d] + / xg] nu] x+} , nDaL–nDaL ufl8Þof] + cf} / P] zf] cf/ fd sL lhGbuL latfg] nu] x} + tf] s} ;f cg'ej xf] tf x} <

– hxfF ts ceL sL aft x} ,tf] d] / ] lbdfu d] + Ps xL aft x} . hgtf g] hf] lhDd] bf/ L bL x} jf] ls;L t/ x k"/ f xf] gf rflxP . sf} g s} ;] / x / xf x} ox ;f] rg] sf ;do gxL+ x} . d'em] nutf x} ls xd] + ckg] Ph] G8f ;] ljd'v gxL+ xf] gf rflxP . n] lsg ;r sx"F tf] xdf/ ] g] tf ha a8ÞL a8ÞL ufl8Þof] + d] + r9Þt] x} + tf] d'em] a] xb v'zL xf] tL x} .) n] lsg seL–seL tf] nutf x} ls PsLs[t dfcf] jfbL eL Ph] G8f ;] ljd'v xf] / xL x} . ;+ljwfg agfg] s] lnP ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + ax; rn / xL x} . cf} / bn s] g] tf tf] cg'kl: yt lbvt] xL x} +, cfks]

t] / x of rf} bx jif{ sL / xL xf] uL k|tLIff ltjf/ L ha g] kfn d] + dfcf] jfbL g] hgo'4 sf P] nfg lsof . vf] 6fª d] + hGdL k|tLIff s] 3/ d] + dfcf] jfbLcf] + sf cfgf–hfgf yf . dfcf] jfbL g] tf ;a u/ LaL, lje] b cf} / ;dfgtf h} ;L aft] s/ t] y] cf} / jx pg nf] uf] + sL aftf] ;] k|efljt xf] tL rnL uoL . cf} / lszf] / fj: yf d] + xL O; kf6L{ ;] h'8Þ uoL . ceL jx PsLs[t dfcf] jfbL sL cf] / ;] ;+ljwfg ;ef d] + ;ef;b x} + . k|tLIff ltjf/ L ;] ;ef;b k|tLIff ltjf/ L d'lvof ts sL ofqf s] af/ ] d] + lxdflngL k|ltlglw s~rgf emf g] pg;] aftrLt sL . k|: t't x} , aftrLt s] c+z–

kl/ jt{g Ps lbg d] + ;Dej gxL+

bn s] ;b: o eL gxL+ lbvt] x} + <– d} + tf] lgoldt x"F . seL–sef/ cToGt cfjZos sfd / xtf

x} tf] afx/ lgsngf k8Þtf x} . b";/ ] ;ef;b s] af/ ] d] + tf] d} + s'5 sxgf gxL+ rfxtL . n] lsg ljleGg d'2f] + k/ ;eL ;ef;b ckgf ljrf/ / v / x] x} + . O;lnP d} + ljZj: t x"F ls ;+ljwfg tf] ag] uf xL .) cfk tf] dlxnf ;ef;b x} + . Ps dlxnf ;ef;b sL x} l;ot ;]

g] kfn d] + dlxnf sL l: ylt sf] s} ;] b] vtL x} + <– cu/ kxn] sL t'ngf d] + sxf hfo tf]

l: ylt abn / xL x} n] lsg ceL eL ax't ;'wf/ sL cfjZos x} . lkt[;QfTds ;f] r ;] ;dfh ceL eL afx/ gxL+ lgsn kfof x} . lje] b dlxnf sf] cfu] gxL+ a9Þg] b] / xf x} . cf} / d'em] nutf x} ls ;'wf/ dlxnf sf] v'b d] + nfgf x} , ls;L k/ bf] if yf] kgf 7Ls gxL+ . lzIff, : jf: Yo cf} / kxrfg tLgf] + s] lnP dlxnf sf] : jo+ cfu] cfgf xf] uf cf} / cfu] cfg] d] + b";/ ] sf] dbb eL s/ gL xf] uL .) cfkg] tf] ckgf sfo{ If] q dw] z sf] agfof < dw] z d] + dlxnf sL l: ylt d] + s} ;] ;'wf/ nfof hf ;stf x} <

– vf] 6fª sL xf] s/ s/ eL d+} g] ckgf sfo{ If] q dw] z sf] agfof O;sf k|d'v sf/ 0f eL lje] b xL x} . ha d} + 5f] 6L yL cf} / b] vtL yL ls dw] z s] efO{ nf] u ;f8ÞL, sk8Þf ;a a] rg]

cft] y] tf] pGx] + wf] tL sx s/ a'nfof hftf yf . ckg] xL b] z s] efOof] + k/ O; t/ x sf lje] b d'em] cR5f gxL+ nutf yf .

z]if $* k]h d]+

dw] z ;] ;DaGw hf] 8Þg] s] afb d'em] dw] z sf] cf} / Hofbf ghbLs ;] b] vg] sf df} sf

ldnf teL nuf ls ;d: of jxfF cf} / ljs/ fn x} . clzIff tf] x} xL O;s] afb n] lsg ;fdflhs ;+: sf/ s] gfd k/ dlxnf k/ ax't ;f/ ] lgif] w x} + cf} / dlxnf sL l: ylt cf} / eL sf?l0fs x} . kxf8Þ sL dlxnf yf] 8] Þ xb ts : jtGq x} n] lsg dw] z d] +

ax't ;f/ L alGbz] + x} + .


ljb]z

O/ fs Og lbgf] + u[xo'4 sL rk] 6 d] + x} . ;'GgL cft+sjfbL ;d"x O: nflds : 6] 6 cfkm O/ fs P+8 cnzfd g] lzof ;dly{t O/ fs ;/ sf/ s] lvnfkm h+u 5] 8Þ / vL x} . jQ{dfg d] + O/ fs sL l: ylt P] ;L x} ls jxfF lzof, ;'GgL cf} / s'b{ jr{: j sf] n] s/ cfk; d] + xL n8Þ / x] x} + . vf8ÞL o'4 s] afb Ps af/ lkm/ klZrd Plzof sL l: ylt lj: kmf] 6hgs xf] uO{ x} . ;g\ @))# d] + tTsfnLg / fi6«klt ;b\bfd x';} g s] ktg cf} / d[To' s] afb / fhg} lts ¿k ;] cl: y/ O/ fs lk5n] sO{ xkm\tf] + ;] r/ d lx+;f, / Stkft cf} / o'4 sL cfu d] + hn / xf x} . @))^ ;] @))* ts O/ fs u[xo'4 ;] h"emtf / xf . O; u[xo'4 g] lzof cf} / ;'GgL s] aLr Ps P] ;L ux/ L vfO{ agf bL lh;] e/ kfgf c;Dej ;f xf] uof x} . d'l: nd wd{ s] ;d'bfo ljZje/ lzof cf} / ;'GgL bf] ¿kf] + d] + ljeSt x} + . ljZj sf wd{ cfFs8Þf atftf x} ls ljZj d] + ;'GgL ;d'bfo ** k|ltzt, lzof nueu !) k|ltzt cf} / cGo @ k|ltzt x} + . O/ fs d] + lzof ;d'bfo ^% k|ltzt cf} / ;'GgL #% k|ltzt x} + . ax';+Vos lzof : jfefljs ¿k ;] O/ fs d] + zlStzfnL ¿k d] + : yflkt x} = . / fHo åf/ f pknAw / f] huf/ , / fhg} lts, cf} Bf] lus, k|zf;lgs tyf cGo cj;/ ;'GgL ;d'bfo sf] sd ldn kfg] sL l: ylt s] sf/ 0f cfh sL ox eofjx l: ylt k} bf x'O{ x} P] ;f ljZn] ifs dfgt] x} + .

cfh O/ fs lh; eofjx bf} / ;] u'h/

/ xf x} p;] c+hfd b] g] d] + cft+sjfbL ;+u7g cfO=P;=cfO=P; sf xfy x} . cfO=P;=cfO=P; Ps lhxfbL ;+u7g x} , hf] O/ fs cf} / ;Ll/ of d] + ;ls|o x} . O; ;+u7g sL : yfkgf ck|Ln @)!# d] + x'O{ yL cf} / cfh O;sL l: ylt sfkmL dha"t xf] uO{ x} . O/ fs d] + jif{ @))^ d] + cft+sL ;+u7g cnsfobf sfkmL ;ls|o yf . O;s] ;/ ugf sf gfd ca' d';fa cn h/ sfjL yf . cnsfobf ;+u7g O/ fs d] + ax';+Vos lzof ;d'bfo s] lvnfkm sfd s/ / xf yf . O;sf O/ fbf lzof ;d'bfo s] lvnfkm o'4 sf jftfj/ 0f t} of/ s/ gf yf cf} / sfkmL xb ts ox ckg] dg;"a] d] + @))^ d] + sfdofa eL xf] uof . lzofcf] + s] k|d'v wd{: yn cn c: sfl/ of dl: hb k/ Ogs] åf/ f xdn] lsP uP cf} / lzofcf] + g] O;s] lj?4 xdn] lsP cf} / ta ;] lzof cf} / ;'GgL s] aLr tgfj a9Þt] rn] uP . ls;L eL wd{ d] + O+;fg sf] O+;fg s] lj?4

u[xo'4 sL nk6f] + d+] l3/ f O/ fslxdflngL 8]:s

O/ fs s] s'5 / f] rs tYo

!= O/ fs jx b] z x} lh;g] b'lgof sf] kxnf gSzf cf} / s} n] 08/ lbof .

@= klxP sf cfljisf/ O/ fs d] + x'cf yf .#= !@ 3+6] sf lbg cf} / !@ 3+6] sL / ft sL

z'?cft O/ fs ;] xL x'O{ x} .$= O/ fs xL b'lgof sf kxnf b] z x} lh;g]

atfof ls ! 3G6] d] + ^) ldg6 cf} / ! ldg6 d] + ^) ;] s] 08 xf] t] x} + .

%= gIfqf] + åf/ f efUo atfg] sL z'?cft eL O/ fs ;] x'O{ x} .

^= O/ fs d] + dw'dSvL kfng sf Oltxf; %))) xhf/ jif{ k'/ fgf x} .

&= l6l8\8of] + sf ;a;] a8Þf bn O/ fs d] + kfof hftf x} .

*= O/ fs d] + #@)) aL= ;L= kxn] xL n] vg sL z'?cft x'O{ yL . O;] sLnfsf/ s] tf} / k/ hfgf hftf x} . cNkmj] 6 ;] ox O; dfog] d] + cnu x} ls O;d] ^)) ;fOg sf k|of] u lsof hftf x} cf} / k|To] s ;fOg Ps cnu zAb of cIf/ sf] O+lut s/ tf x} .

(= O/ fsL d'b|f sf] bLgf/ sxt] x} + ox b] gL ;] lgld{t x'cf x} . n} l6g efiff d] + b] gL sf cy{ b; xf] tf x} .

!)= dfgf hftf x} ls sfnL laNnL ;] h'8Þf c+wljZjf; O/ fs ;] xL z'? x'cf .

!!= ljZj s] ;a;] hx/ Ln] ;fFkf] + d] + ;] Ps : s] n jfOk/ O/ fs d] + xL kfof hftf x} .

!@= % xhf/ jif{ kxn] oxfF sfkmL xl/ ofnL cf} / bnbn yf n] lsg cfh oxfF / ] lu: tfg x} .

!#= dzx"/ sxfgL cnLafaf cf} / rfnL; rf] / sL / rgf !))) jif{ kxn] O/ fs d] + x'O{ yL .

ljb]z

v"g axfg] sL aft gxL+ lnvL x} , k/ Oltxf; ujfx x} ls O;L wd{ s] axfg] sTn] cfd xf] t] / x] x} + . jif{ @))^ d] + cd] l/ sL kmf} h s] xdn] d] + cn h/ sfjL df/ f uof . p;sL df} t s] afb cfO=P;=cfO=P; nueu ;dfKt xf] uof . @)!! d] + cdl/ sL ;] gf jfk; x'O{ . O;s] kzrft\ cd] l/ sf s] / 0fgLlts cf} / / fhgLlts s'zntf ;] jxfF k|hftflGqs ;/ sf/ sf u7g x'cf cf} / u[xo'4 ;dfKt x'cf . O;s] afb O/ fs g] pNn] vgLo cfly{s k|ult sL . n] lsg cd] l/ sL ;] gf s] jfk; xf] g] s] afb cft+sjfbL ;+u7g lkm/ ;] ;/ p7fg] nu] . cnsfobf g] @))^ d] + xL v'b sf] …b O: nflds : 6] 6 Og O/ fsÚ sxgf z'? s/ lbof yf . ck|Ln @)!# d] + O;s] ;fy …P+8 ;Ll/ ofÚ eL h'8Þ uof . gP ;+u7g g] O/ fs d] + ;'lGgof] + sL O; efjgf sf kmfobf p7fof ls pgs] k|wfgd+qL g"/ L cn dlnsL lzof ;d'bfo s] x} + cf} / pgs] ljifo d] + gxL+ ;f] rt] x} + . O; efjgfTds ;f] r sf] xjf b] t] –b] t] O/ fs d] + ox ;+u7g lbg–a–lbg dha"t xf] tf rnf uof .

O; ;+u7g sf k|d'v ca' as/ cn aubfbL x} + . aubfbL s] xfyf] + d] + ;+u7g sL sdfg cfg] s] afb O;;] h'8Þ] cft+sL Ps j] n cfu] {gfOH8 kmfOl6+u kmf] ;{ s] ¿k d] + sfd s/ / x] x} + . ca' d';fa cn h/ sfaL sL df} t s] afb ;+u7g sf ;/ ugf oxL x} . aubfbL s] ljifo d] + hfgsf/ L ax't sd pknAw x} + . ox ckgL t: jL/ ax't sd lv+rjftf x} . O; ;+u7g ;] h'8Þ] ax't ;] n8Þfs'cf] + g] eL ckg] cfsf sf] gxL+ b] vf x} . hfgsf/ L s] lx;fa ;] O;sf hGd !(&! d] + pQ/ L aubfb s] ;fd/ f{ d] + x'cf yf . aubfbL sf c;nL

gfd cJjfb Oa|flxd cnL cn–ab|L x} . O;sL kxrfg ;+u7g d] + a} 6nkmLN8 sdfG8/ cf} / 6} S6Llzog s] ¿k d] + xf] tL x} . ;+u7g ;] h'8Þ] o'jf lhxfbL O;;] sfkmL k|efljt x} = . sxf hftf x} aubfbL O: nfdL : 68Lh d] + kLPr8L x} . O; ;+u7g sf dgf] an cfh s] ;do d] + Otgf a9Þ x'cf x} ls ox ckg] åf/ f lsP uP c+hfd cf} / gfkfs dG;"af] + sf] ;/ ] cfd nf] uf] + s] ;fdg] nf / xf x} . P] ;] P] ;] ljl8of] ;+rf/ dfWod k/ lbvfP hf / x] x} + ls lh;] b] vs/ nutf gxL+ ls pgs] cGb/ O+;flgot h} ;L sf] O{ rLh afsL x} . ox ;+u7g ckg] ;eL sf/ gfdf] + sf l/ sf8{ / vtf x} cf} / ;nfgf p;] k|sflzt eL s/ jf / xf x} . sO; lhxfbL ;+u7g g] #! dfr{ sf] cngfjf gfd ;] ckg]

xflnof ;+: s/ 0f eL k|sflzt s/ jfof x} , lh;d] + @)!@—!# d] + sL uO{ ;} Go sf/ jfxL sL hfgsf/ L bL x} . $)) kGgf] + s] O; l/ kf] 6{ d] + sO{ ;g;gLv] h cfFs8Þ] ;fdg] cfP x} + hf] atft] x} + ls O/ fs d] + Ogsf lstgf cft+s x} . O;d] + bfjf lsof uof x} ls p;g] nueu !),))) jf/ bftf] + sf] c+hfd lbof x} . Otgf xL gxL+ cfO=P;=cfO=P; la|6Lz o'jfcf] + sf] eL lhxfb s] lnP ps;f / xf x} . O;sf g] t[Tj ca' cAb'Nnfx cn la|tfgL s/ / xf x} .

cfh ox ;+u7g dfgf hf / xf x} ls ljZj sf ;a;] cdL/ cft+sjfbL ;+u7g x} . O/ fs k/ O;sf sAhf a9Þtf hf / xf x} . sO{ zx/ O;s] sAh] d] + x} . xfn d] + O; ;+u7g g] O/ fs s] zx/ df] ;'n k/ sAhf s/ jxfF ;] $@( ldnLog 8fn/ sf] n"6 lnof x} cf} / O;s] afb ;] xL dfgf hf / xf x} ls ox b'lgof sf ;a;] cdL/ cft+sjfbL ;+u7g ag uof x} .

O; xfnft ;] pa/ g] s] lnP O/ fs ;/ sf/ g] cd] l/ sf xjfO{ xdn] sL ;xfotf df+uL x} . k/ lkmnxfn cd] l/ sf g] xjfO{ xdn] ;] OGsf/ s/ t] x'P ckgL ;] gf jxfF e] hg] sL aft dfgL x} . wL/ ] wL/ ] ox ;+s6 sO{ ¿kf] + d] + ljZj sf] k|efljt s/ tf hf / xf x} . sO{ b] zf] + s] gful/ s jxfF km;] x'P x} + . lhGx] + lgsfng] sL sf] lzz sL hf / xL x} , tf] sO{ ca ts df} t s] lzsf/ xf] r's] x} + . g] kfnL gful/ s eL jxfF kmF;] x} + . sO{ tf] P] ;] x} + lhgs] kf; kf;kf] 6{ cf} / jLhf ts gxL+ x} . g] kfnL gful/ sf] + sf] jxfF ;] lgsfng] s] lnP ;/ sf/ sf] k'Vtf sbd p7fg] xf] +u] .

O/ fs sf ctLtcfh O/ fs o'4u|: t b] z s] ¿k d] + hfgf hf / xf x} . n] lsg O; b] z sf Oltxf; s'5

P] ;f x} — cfh df] 8g{ O/ fs s] rf/ f] cf] / t'sL{, O{/ fg, s'j} t, hf] 8{g, ld;| cf} / ;pbL c/ a x} . ;f} ;fn kxn] ts O/ fs sL kxrfg cf] 6f] dg s] ;fd|fHo s] ¿k d] + yL . !#)! d] + cf] 6f] dg s'n s] Ps pHha] s g] v'b sf] O/ fs cf} / cf;kf; s] If] q sf ;'Ntfg 3f] lift s/ lbof yf . p;L g] wL/ ] wL/ ] ckgf ;fd|fHo : yflkt lsof . p;sL xb d] + t'sL{ cf} / hf] 8{g eL y] . !(!$ ts O/ fs d] + cf] 6f] dg sf ;fd|fHo yf . k|yd ljZjo'4 s] afb la|l6z ;] gf g] cf] 6f] dg k/ ljho kf lnof . !(!^ s] afb la|l6z / fhg] tf ;/ dfs{ ;Ls] ; cf} / k|mf+; s] / fhb"t hfh] {; lksf] 6 g] dWo k"j{ s] ;DaGw d] + Ps u'Kt ;demf} tf s/ s] O/ fs s] cnu cnu If] qf] + k/ sAhf s/ lnof . k|mf+; sf lgo+q0f O/ fs s] cnfjf ;Ll/ of cf} / t'sL{ k/ eL yf . O;L t/ x la|l6z ;] gf g] O/ fs s] cnfjf hf] 8{g, ax/ Lg ts lgo+q0f s/ lnof yf . !(@) k|yd ljZjo'4 s] afb u7aGwg ;] gf g] O6nL s] t6Lo zx/ ;] g/ ] df] d] + Ps sfGk|m] G; s/ s] ljlwjt ¿k ;] km} ;nf lnof ls O; If] q d] + hxfF lh; ;] gf g] lgo+q0f lsof x} p;] xL p;s] lgo+q0f jfnL ;Ldf dfg nL hfo . k|mf+; cf} / la|6] g sL ;] gf g] $$ ;fn ts O/ fs cf} / p;s] cf;kf; s] If] q sf] ckg] lgo+q0f d] + / vf . c+ttM h'nfO{ !($* d] + cfh sf O/ fs : jt+q x'cf .


/ fhlj/ fh s] rlGb|sf ofbj g] l;km{ !* dxLg] d] + tLg c‘flkm; abn 8Þfn] . ;a;] kxn] p;g] Ps cf‘lkm; d] + PsfpG6] G6 sf sfd lsof . sfof{no k|d'v rlGb|sf s] sfd ;] sfkmL v'z yf . n] lsg cR5] sfd s] abn] p;] l;km{ k|z+;f ldntL, k} ;f gxL+ . / fhlj/ fh ;] sf7dfG8" cfo] rlGb|sf sxt] x+} – k|z+;f ;] k] 6 gxL+ e/ tf . rlGb|sf g] PsfpG6] G6 sL gf} s/ L 5f] 8Þ bL cf} / b";/ ] cflkm; d] + dfs] {l6ª sf sfd s/ g] nuf . ckg] sfd s] k|lt O{dfgbf/ p;g] yf] 8Þ] xL lbgf] d] + ;eL sf dg hLt lnof cf} / cf‘lkm; s] lnP cR5] –cR5] k} s] h eL nfg] d] + ;kmn / xf . n] lsg p;sf b'ef{Uo xL sx] + p; c‘flkm; d] + eL ;do k/ tgvfx gxL++ ldntL yL . lkm/ p;g] jx sfd eL 5f] 8Þ lbof cf} / Ps : s"n d] + lzIfs sf sfd s/ g] nu] . : s"n eL Sof sd, ;'ax gf} ah] ;] rf/ ah] ts sfd s/ f s/ eL ax't sd tgvfx b] tf cf} / jx eL ;do k/ gxL+ . cGttM rlGb|sf g] ljb] z hfg] sf dg agfof cf} / s/ La Ps nfv ¿kof vr{ s/ s] ;pbL c/ a rnf uof . d} gkfj/ jfn] g] sxf yf ls xf] 6n d] + sfd ldn] uf . n] lsg cfa'wfaL ljdfg: yn k/ pt/ t] xL p;sf kf;kf6{ hAt s/ lnof uof cf} / p;] b"/ s] Ps ufFj d] + pFm6 r/ fg] s] lnP e] h lbof uof . s/ tf eL Sof, C0f n] s/ cfof yf jx, s} ;] jfk; hf ;stf yf ckg] 3/ < ;pbL c/ a d] + s/ La bf] jif{ s] sl7g d] xgt s] afb jx lkm/ sf7dfG8" cfof x} cf} / ceL 5f] 6L ;L ckgL xL b'sfg rnf / xf x} . jx sxtf x} – 5f] 6f xf] of a8Þf ckgf xL sf/ f] af/ xf] gf rflxP .

/ fhlj/ fh s] rlGb|sf g] kfnL o'jfcf] + sf Ps k|ltlglw kfq dfq x} . ;g\ !(() d] + g] kfn d] + ax'bnLo k|hftGq sL : yfkgf x'O{ . gO{ zf;g k|0ffnL g] cf} Bf] lusLs/ 0f cf} / lghLs/ 0f sf] sfkmL k|f] T;flxt lsof . yf] 8] Þ xL lbg d] + a8Þ] k} dfg] d] + lghL If] q cfo] . b] z d] + a9ÞtL lzlIft a] / f] huf/ f] + sL ;+Vof sd

s/ g] d] + O;g] ax't a8ÞL e"ldsf lgjf{x sL . n] lsg / fhgLlts cl: y/ tf, sdhf] / sfg"g cf} / yf] 8Þ] xL ;do d] + ax't Hofbf k} ;f sdfg] sL pBf] uL Joj;foL sL dfgl;stf g] lghL If] q sf] cfu] a9Þg] gxL+ lbof . lh;sf kl/ 0ffd ox x'cf ls cfh sL tf/ Lv d] + b] vf hfo tf] g] kfn s] ^) k|ltzt pBf] u wGbf, sn sf/ vfgf aGb k8] Þ x} + cf} / hf] ;~rfng d] + x} + p;d] + eL k|lt lbg dhb"/ cf} / dflns s] aLr ljjfb rn / xf x} . dhb"/ sL df+u x} ls ;do k/ tgvfx ldn] . pgsL tgvfx

;dofg's"n xf] . jx b] vtf x} ls – sn ts km6L rKkn

kxgs/ rntf x'cf cfbdL cfh

nDaL–nDaL uf8ÞL d] + ;} / s/ / xf x} cf} / lhgsL d] xgt ;] ox

;a ;Dej xf] kfof p;] bf] zfd ef] hg s] lnP b'lgof s] cfu] xfy km} nfgf k8Þ / xf x} . jx sl7g d] xgt s/ / xf x} n] lsg p;] ;do k/ tgvfx gxL+ ldntL . 3/ s} ;] rn] uf, afn aRr] s} ;] k9] +Þu] , aLdf/ dfF afk sf Onfh s} ;] s/ fo] uf, P] ;L xL

lrGtf p;] vfo] hf / xL x} . n] lsg dflns sf] Sof

n] gf–b] gf Og ;eL ;d: ofcf] +

;] . jx

tf] sxtf x} – c/ ] eO{ d} +g] Sof gxL+ lsof t'd nf] uf] + s] lno] . l;km{ rf/ dxLg] ;] tgvfx gxL+ lbof, Sof ox d] / f ck/ fw x} < t'Dxf/ f k} ;f ns] / d} efu"+uf gxL+, clwsf+z Joj;foL sf sxgf P] ;f xL xf] tf x} .

sxt] x} + hLgf x} tf] xF; s] lhof] . du/ ;do s] kl/ jt{g s] ;fy–;fy hLjg sL / fx] + ax't sl7g xf] uoL x} + . O;lnP ca hLjg eL xF;s/ latfgf sl7g xf] uof x} . hLjg tf] sl7g x} xL n] lsg d+xufO{ g] hLjg sf] cf} / eL d'lZsn agf lbof x} . Ps t/ km d+xufO{ ;] e/ L s6LnL / fx] + hLjg sL cf} / b";/ L t/ km O; k/ / fh s/ g] jfn] dxfg'efj, lhGx+] sf] O{ dtna gxL+ ls cfk sfd s} ;] s/ / x] + x} . k'/ fgL sxfjt x} – OG;fg a8Þf dtnaL xf] tf x} , ha sfd n] gf xf] tf x} tf] uw] sf] eL afk sxtf x} cf} / sfd vTd tf] afk sf] eL b'nQL . sfd agt] xL jx ckg] sf] cfk;] b"/ s/ n] tf x} . ax't sd nf] u sfd s/ g] jfn] nf] uf] + s] dxTj sf] ;dem kft] x+} , ox sxtL x} s'kG8f] n sL cfzf ltjf/ L . g] kfnL efiff d] + cR5L bvn gxL+ xf] g] s] sf/ 0f cfzf ;/ sf/ L gf} s/ L ;] jl~rt / xL . cGttM p;g] km} ;nf lsof ls k|fOj] 6 xL Sof] + g xf] n] lsg s'5 sfd s/ gf rflxP . s/ La Ps jif{ p;g] Ps k|fOj] 6 sDkgL d] + atf} / cflkm; ;] q] m6/ L d] + sfd lsof, n] lsg seL eL k} ;f ;do k/ gxL+ ldnf . tgvfx s] lnP p;] xd] zf ckg] af‘; sf] sxgf k8Þtf . jx sxtL x} – d} + k} ;] s] lnP sfd s/ g] uO{ yL, n] lsg j] nf] u O; aft sf] ;dem gxL+ kfo] of sx] + ls seL ;demg] sL sf] lzz xL gxL+ sL . cf} / cGttM p;g] k|fOj] 6 h‘fa 5f] 8 bL cf} / ceL Ps Ao'6L kfn{/ rnf / xL x} . jx sxtL x} – ckgL dhL{ sL dflns x"F cf} / sdfO{ eL cR5L xf] hftL x} .

n] lsg ;eL cfzf h} ;] gxL+ xf] t] . g] kfn sf afhf/ ax't 5f] 6f x} . / fhgLlts cl: y/ tf, e|i6frf/ cf} / a8] Þ Jofkf/ L sL

l/kf] 6{

s~rgf emf

dfof ldnL g / fd

k|fOj] ̂ gf} s/ L Ml/kf] 6{

bfbflu/ L s] sf/ 0f 5f] 6] Joj;fo jfn] oxfF l6s gxL+ kft] cf} / pgs] lnP Ps xL / f: tf artf x} jx x} ljb] z hfgf . cu/ l;km{ jif{ @)^(–&) sf tYoFfs b] vf hfo tf] s'n rf/ nfv %# xhf/ g] kfnL j} b] lzs / f] huf/ d] + uo] x} + . ox ;+Vof @)^*–^( sL t'ngf d] + !& bZfnj gf} k|ltzt ;] Hofbf x} . O;d] + ;] clwsf+z ;pbL c/ a, stf/ , ;+o'St / fHo cld/ ft, dn] lzof cf} / Oh/ fon hf / x] x} + . pg / fi6«f] + d] + g] kfnL dhb"/ sL cf} ;t sdfO{ @) xhf/ ¿kof k|lt dxLgf x} . b'ef{Uo xL sxgf rflxP O; / fi6« sf, pTkfbgzLn pd| s] nf] u ax't xL sd k} ;] s] lnP ljb] z hf / x] x+} . : jb] z d] + xL / f] huf/ sf cR5f cj;/ ldntf tf] zfob jf] $* l8u|L ;] lN;o; s] tfkdfg d] + sfd s/ g] s] lnP seL gxL+ hft] . cy{ljbf] + sf sxgf x} ls– o'jf zlSt s] ljb] z knofg ;] s[lif, pBf] u Pj+ ;] jfd"ns If] q ;eL ldnfsf/ k"/ ] cy{tGq sf] cg'Tkfbs agf / xf x} .

o'jf ju{, lh;] b] z sf pHHjn eljio eL sxf hftf x} +, ckgL k9ÞfO{ lnvfO{ vTd s/ g] s] afb h'6 hft] x} + gf} s/ L sL tnfz d] + . ha ts gf} s/ L gxL+ ldntL x} , j] VofnL k'nfj ksft] / xt] x} + ls gf} s/ L ldn] uL

tf] o] s¿Fuf jf] s¿Fuf . n] lsg ;f/ L cfzf cf} / pDdLbf] +, cfsf+Iffcf] + k/ kfgL lkm/ hftf x} . ha gf} s/ L ldn hftL x} cf} / ;+: yf pGx] d] ] xgt s] cg'¿k j] tg gxL+ b] tL . OGhLlgo/ gjLg 7fs'/ sxt] x+} – eO{, k} ;f sf sfd tf] k} ;f s/ ] uf . tLg jif{ k|fOj] 6 ;] S6/ d] + sfd s/ s] ys r's] gjLg g] eL cGttM j} b] lzs / f] huf/ sf xL ;xf/ f lnof . d'lZsn ;] !@ xhf/ ldntf yf gjLg sf] g] kfn d] + n] lsg p;;] s'5 xf] g] jfnf gxL+ . gjLg ceL b'aO{ l: yt Ps sG;6«S;g sDkgL d] + sfd s/ g] nuf x} , hxfF pgsf kfl/ >lds ts/ Lag Ps nfv ¿kof k|lt dfx x} . 3/ kl/ jf/ ;] j] b"/ x} n] lsg lkm/ eL v'z Sof] +ls ;do k/ k} ;f ldn hftf x} pgsf] .

g] kfn sL kl/ l: ylt d] + hf] gf} s/ L s] lnP nfnflot / xt] x} + jf] s'5 af] n gxL+ kft] Sof] +ls jf] ;rd'r sfd s/ gf rfxt] x} + . n] lsg wL/ ] – wL/ ] oxL sfd s/ g] sL rfxt

lg/ fzf d] + abn hftL x} cf} / nf] u lhGbuL ;] xf/ dfgg] nut] x} + . j} ;] tf] uLt agfg] jfn] g] lnvf x} ls hLjg ;] gf xf/ hLg] jfnf . n] lsg lsof eL Sof hfo] , ;jfn lhGbuL hLg] sf x} , k] 6 e/ g] sf x} , / xg] s] lnP 5t cf} / kxgg] s] lnP sk8] Þ sf x} . ox ;eL rLh] + g;Lxt ;] gxL+ alNs k} ;] ;] v/ LbL hftL x} + . ckg] v'b sf Jofkf/ rnfg] jfn] k|jL0f sxt] x} +– d} + tf] xf/ uof, ax'tf] + ;] dgd'6fj xf] uof d] / f . k9ÞfO{ vTd xf] g] s] afb k|jL0f g] Ps gxL+, bf] gxL+ ax't hux k/ sfd lsof n] lsg x/ ] s hux jxL ;d: of . dxLg] e/ jx v"g k;Lgf Ps s/ sfd s/ tf cf} / dxLg] s] cGt d] + ktf rntf ls j] tg ceL gxL+ ldn] uf . cun] dxLg] , cun] dxLg] cf} / ox cunf dxLgf seL gxL+ cftf yf . lbge/ cflkm;

sf sfd cf} / 3/ kx'Frg] k/ rfjn, bfn, cf6f cf} / t/ sf/ L sf 6] G;g . jx sxtf x} – ckgL xL d] xgt sf k} ;f dfFu" tf] eL 6] G;g

lkm/ d} g] ljrf/ lsof ls 5f] 6f xL ;xL ckgf sfd s¿Fuf . lk5n] rf/ ;fn ;] k|jL0f ckgf lghL sf/ f] jf/ rnf / x] x} + cf} / ax't v'z eL x+} .

;a;] a8ÞL aft pGxf] +g] ckg] cflkm; d] + rf/ nf] uf] + sf] / f] huf/ lbof x} cf} / pg ;eL sf] dxLgf s] cGt d] + tgvfx b] t] x+} . k|jL0f sxt] x} + – dxLg] s] cGt d] + ha d} + ckg] sd{rf/ L sf] k} ;f b] tf x"F cf} / jf] nf] u v'z xf] s/ 3/ hft] x+} tf] d'em] a8Þf cfg+b cftf x} . n] lsg ;eL nf] u k|jL0f s] h} ;] gxL+ xf] t] .

hgsk'/ s] kjg s'df/ emf sf eL oxL ;f] rgf x} . jx sxt] x} + d+} ckg] sfd ;] laNs'n v'z x"F n] lsg sfd s/ g] s] jftfj/ 0f s] sf/ 0f x/ jSt k/ ] zfg / xtf x"FF . jx sxt] x+} – ca cf} / Hofbf ;xg s/ gf d'lZsn x} O;lnP ljb] z hfg] sL ;f] r agf / xf x"F . d] xgt s/ ] +u] tf] sd ;] sd k} ;f tf] ldn] uf . kjg sL gf/ fhuL ;/ sf/ L gLltof] + s] sdhf] / sfof{Gjog ;] x} . ha ts >d P] g ;VtL ;] sfof{Gjog gxL+ xf] uf ta ts g] kfn s] o'jfcf] + sf] b'v ;xgf k8] Þuf . abdfzL s/ g] jfnf] + sf] s8ÞL ;] s8ÞL ;hf sL Joj: yf xf] gL

rflxP kjg sf dfggf x} .gLltut lx;fa ;] aft sL hfo tf]

;/ sf/ L jf lghL sDkgL d] + sfd s/ g] jfnf] + s] lnP ax't lgod sfg"g agfo] uo] x} + . kfl/ >lds cf} / ;] jf ;'ljwf eL : ki6 ¿k ;] lnvf uof x} n] lsg ;d: of ox x} ls p;sf kfng 7Ls ;] gxL+ xf] / xf x} . ls;L dflns s] lj?4 cfk cs] n] sxfF ts n8Þ] +u] < cu/ dlxnf sL aft sL hfo tf] l: ylt cf} / eL abt/ x} . kxnL aft tf] ox ls jx ckgf 3/ cf} / aRrf] + s] ;do d] + ;] sfd s] lnP ;do lgsfntL x} . cf} / b";/ L aft, dlxnf n8Þ emu8Þ gxL+ ;stL, k'?if tf] sd ;] sd n8Þ emu8Þ s/ eL ckgf k} ;f lgsfn n] tf x} . clwsf+z dlxnf oxfF lzIff If] q d] + nuL x'O{ x} + . n] lsg b'ef{Uo sx] + ;'ax gf} ah] ;] zfd rf/ ah] ts sfd s/ pGx+] dxLg] sf k} +tL; ;f} , rf/ xhf/ ¿kof ldntf x} . jf] eL ;do k/ gxL+ . s/ La bf] ;fn sfd s/ g] s] jfb clgtf u'Ktf g] gf} s/ L 5f] 8Þ bL . jx sxtL x} – sxg] s] lnP sfd s/ tL yL n] lsg a; ef8Þf eL 3/ s] nf] uf] + ;] xL df+ugf k8Þtf yf . 3/ d] + ;eL g] bafa lbof ls P] ;L gf} s/ L Sof+] s/ gf . c+u|] hL ljifo d] + : gftsf] Q/ sL x} clgtf g] n] lsg pGx] ceL ts cR5L gf} s/ L gxL+ ldn kfoL x} . jx sxtL x} – k|fOj] 6 gf} s/ L tf] ca s/ gf xL gxL+ x} , ;/ sf/ L s] lnP sf] lzz s/ / xL x"F .

ljsl;t b] zf] d] + Ifdtfjfg nf] u rfxt] x} + ls k|fOj] 6 sDkgL d] + sfd s/ ] + tfls pgsL Ifdtf sf ;xL cf+sng xf] . hxfF jf] lgeL{s xf] s/ sfd s/ ] + cf} / Hofbf ;] Hofbf k} ;f ch{g s/ ] + . n] lsg cu/ g] kfn sL aft sL hfo tf] nf] u rfxt] x} ls 5f] 6f xL Sof] + g xf] ;/ sf/ L xL gf} s/ L xf] gL rflxP . P] ;L aft gxL+ ls oxfF lghL If] q d] + sd gf} s/ L x} . b] z d] + lghL : t/ ;] ;~rflnt pTkfbgd"ns pBf] u, lzIff, : jf: Yo, oftfoft, ko{6g cf} / ;~rf/ If] q, a] / f] huf/ L ;d: of sf] sd s/ g] d] + dxTjk"0f{ of] ubfg b] / x] x} + . O;d] + ;] sO{ pBf] u of Jofkfl/ s ;+: yfg g] >d P] g sf cR5L t/ x ;] kfng eL lsof x} . n] lsg clwsf+z dgdfgL s/ lghL If] q sf] abgfd s/ / x] x} + . P] ;L cj: yf d] + ;/ sf/ cf}/ lghL If] q bf] gf] sf] lhDd] jf/ aggf rflxP . tfls dfl;s k} +tL; ;f} ¿kof tgvfx k/ Ps lzIfs sf] lbg e/ sfd s/ g] sL gf} at gxL+ cfo] . Ps >lds dxLgf lbg sfd s/ ] cf} / ha k} ;f df+u] tf] clkm; p;sf] sfd ;] lgsfn g b] . of dxLgf] + lbg sfd s/ k} ;f gxL+ kfg] s] sf/ 0f sfdbf/ cfTdxTof s/ g] k/ dha"/ g xf] hfo] . ;do k/ ;r] t xf] gf cfjZos x} cGoyf ox b] z l;km{ Ps 8lDkª ;fO6 ags/ / x hfo] uf . ;eL o'jf dhb"/ sfd s/ g] s] lnP ljb] z hfPFu] + cf} / ha a"9Þ] xf] hfPFu] + of sx] + ls sfd s/ g] d] + c;dy{ xf] hfPFu] + ta jfk; ckg] b] z nf} 6] +u] + .

OG;fg a8Þf dtnaL xf] tf x} , ha sfd n] gf xf] tf x} tf] uw] sf] eL afk sxtf x} cf} / sfd vTd tf] afk sf] eL b'nQL .

sfd agt] xL jx ckg] sf] cfk;] b"/ s/ n] tf x} .


l/kf] 6{÷hgsk'/

s} nf; bf;

hgsk'/ d] + Ps goL nx/ cfO{ x} , uGbuL ;kmfO{ sf cleofg cf} /

cltqmldt hdLg vfnL s/ jfg] sf cleofg . teL ;'Gb/ : jR5 cf} / cfw'lgs hgsk'/ sf lgdf{0f xf] uf . O; cleofg d] + 5f] 6L–a8ÞL ;eL Odf/ t] + 6"6+] uL cf} / 6"6 eL / xL x} + . xhf/ f] nf] u v'z x+} tf] ;} s8Þf] + dfo"; eL . ha ;] cltqmldt hdLg d] + agL+ Odf/ tf] + sf] tf] 8Þg] sf cleofg rnf x} , nf] u cfZro{ cf} / v'zL bf] gf] + JoQm s/ / x] x} . hxfF, ;} s8f] + nf] u 3/ ljxLg xf] +u] tf] xhf/ f] + s] dg d] ljZjf; eL huf x} ls hgsk'/ kl/ jt{g sL] / fx k/ x} . ca jx hgsk'/ ag] uf hf] q] qf o'u d] + / fhf hgs sL / fhwfgL yL, hxfF k/ b] ju0f eL cfg] s] lnP nfnflot xf] t] y] .

ox ;r x} , hxfF k/ ljsf; sL pDdLb] + xf] tL x+} jxfF k/ ljgfz sf] O{ dfog] gxL+ / vtf x} . x/ sf] O{ rfxtf x} ls xdf/ f 3/ , zx/ , Joj;fo, lzIff–bLIff, / xg–;xg, vfg–kfg cflb OToflb cR5f xf] .

O;L pDdLb s] ;fy s'5 nf] u O; cleofg sf lj/ f] w s/ / x] x} + tf] s'5 ;dy{g eL . P] ;L l: ylt d] + h¿/ L xf] tf x} – O{dfgbf/ L k"j{s sfg"g s] cg';f/ cfu] a9Þg] sL . cu/ xflg s'5 JolQm sf] xf] uL tf] nfe k"/ ] zx/ sf] . ta ;jfn v8Þf xf] tf x} Odf/ t+] tf] 8Þg] ;] cfw'lgs hgsk'/ sL kl/ sNkgf ;Dej x} of gxL+ <

ha Pdfcf] jfbL sL ;/ sf/ agL yL tf] tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL 8f= afa'/ fd e66\/ fO{ g] sf7df08" d] + ;8Þs rf} 8ÞL s/ g] sf cleofg rnfof . O; cleofg d] + eL a8ÞL–a8ÞL Odf/ t+] tf] 8ÞL uO{+ . hals ceL ts O;sf lh; k|sf/ ;] Joj: yfkg xf] gf rflxP, jf] af+sL x} . O;] eL gh/ cGbfh gxL+ lsof hf ;stf x} .

hgsk'/ ljsf; s] If] q d] + jiff] {+ ;] pk] lIft x} . lkmnxfn hf] ljsf; cleofg rnf x} p;d] ;} s8f] + Odf/ t] 6"6g] s] afb s'5 nf] u b'MvL tf] x+} k/ p;;] Hofbf uf} / jflGjt eL x} + ls cfw'lgs hgsk'/ sf lgdf{0f xf] g] hf / xf x} . nf] u ckg] –cfk unt lgdf{0f sf] tf] 8Þkmf] 8Þ s/ x6f / x] x} + . nug cf} / rfxt xf] tf] s'5 eL c;Dej gxL+ x} . n] lsg p;s] lnP u'? of] hgf cfjZos x} . ox tf] cR5L aft x} ls j[xQ/ hgsk'/ If] q ljsf; kl/ ifb\ s] cWoIf / fds'df/ zdf{, hgsk'/ gu/ kflnsf s] k|d'v lji0f' s'jF/ sf] O/ fnf,

u'7L ;+: yfg s] k|d'v / fhfafa' kf08] g] / fhgLlts bn, kqsf/ , gful/ s ;dfh, o'jf cf} / sfg"gljb sf] Ps ;fy n] s/ cfw'lgs hgsk'/ sL kl/ sNkgf sL x} . cf} / p;L kl/ sNkgf d] + ;a;] kxn] hf] wfld{s cf: yf sf k|tLs x} , oxfF s] tfnfa, d7 dlGb/ lhGx] + s'5 nf] uf] + g] cltqmldt s/ / vf x} pGx] + x6fg] cf} / Jojl: yt s/ g] d] + nu] x} + .

ox ;xL x} ls hgsk'/ sL kxrfg …afjg s'§L axQ/ s'08Ú ;] x} , cyf{t %@ d7 dlGb/ x} tf] &@ tfnfa x} . lhGx] + nf] uf] + g] cltqmd0f s/ sxL+ k/ Wj: t s/ lbof x} tf] sxL+ k/ gfd s] lnP dfq lbvtf x} . cfw'lgs nf] uf] + sf] tf] ktf eL gxL+ x} sxfF k/ sf} g tfnfj x} , p;sf Sof gfd x} , lstgf ju{kmL6 sf x} cf} / wfld{s ;DaGw Sof x} . O;sL k"/ L hfgsf/ L u'7L ;+: yfg d] + of hfgsL dlGb/ s] gfk gSz] d] + xf] ;stL x} . tf] ;a;] kxn] Ps xf] l8{Ë af] 8{ sL cfjZostf x,} lh; k/ tfnfa ;DaGwL k"/ L hfgsf/ L xf] gL rflxP . p;sf gfd, ju{ kmL6 nDafO{, rf} 8ÞfO{ cf} / ;fy xL tfnfj sL P] ltxfl;s Pj+ wfld{s dxTj sf j0f{g pNn] v s/ gf rflxP .

ox tf] ;eL sf] dfn"d x} ls wfld{s tfnfa cf} / d7 dlGb/ sf] n] s/ hgsk'/ wfld{s gu/ L agL x} . n] lsg &@ s'08 cf} / %@ dlGb/ s] af/ ] d] + P] ltxfl;s lstfa hf] xf] gL rflxP ox g tf] ko{6s s] xfy d] + lbvtL x} cf} / g xL zfob : yfgLojf;L sf] dfn"d xf] uf ls ls;sf lstgf dxTj x} .

hgsk'/ sf ;f} +boL{s/ 0f

l/kf] 6{÷hgsk'/

ox hgsk'/ s] k|rf/ d] + ;a;] a8ÞL sdL dfgL hfPuL . ef/ t of cGo ls;L b] z s] ko{6s : yn k/ hfOP tf] ;a;] kxn] jxfF s] af/ ] d] + hfgg] s] lnP ax't ;f/ L lstfa] +, ;L8L ldn hfP+uL . Otgf xL gxL+ cfw'lgs kl/ j] z d] + cfk OG6/ g] 6 s] hl/ P eL 3/ d] + a} 7] p;sL hfgsf/ L n] ;st] x} + . lsGt' hgsk'/ d] + hfgsL dlGb/ x} lh;sf Oltxf; ljZj k|l;4 x} , jxfF ko{6s cft] x+} cf} / l;km{ bz{g s/ s] rn] hft] x} + . wfld{s : yn xf] g] s] gft] ox ;a clt cfjZos x} .

cfw'lgs hgsk'/ sL kl/ sNkgf, cltqmldt hdLg x6fg] ;] s] jn ;Dej gxL+ x} . n] lsg cltqmldt hdLg vfnL s/ jfgf eL cfjZos x} . j} ;] hgsk'/ sf uf] / wf] O{, bz/ y tfnfj, t] nxf, d8xf c/ uHhf ;lxt cf7 kf] v/ L sL cltqmldt hdLg vfnL x'O{ x} cf} / sO{ hux k/ ox cleofg rfn" x} . n] lsg cfg] jfn] sn d] + Sof Sof of] hgf x} , lstgf ah6 x} . g] kfn ;/ sf/ g] O;s] lnP lstgf ah6 lbof x} , cfjZostf cg';f/ gxL+ x} tf] cfufdL sfo{qmd Sof–Sof xf] g] rflxP < Og ;f/ L aftf] + k/ Wofg b] g] sL cfjZostf x} . xd] bft[/ fi6« cg'bfg b] uf tf] xd ljsf; s/ ] +u] O; k/ dfq lge{/ / x] tf] OtgL hNbL cfw'lgs hgsk'/ sL kl/ sNkgf ;Dej gxL+ x} . cfw'lgsLs/ 0f s] lnP oxfF cjl: yt kf] v/ L, d7 dlGb/ sf ;+/ If0f dfq sfkmL gxL+ x} . O;s] lnP oxfF sf Joj;foLs/ 0f, hgsk'/ ;] h'8Þg] jfnL ;8Þs] +, ljdfg : yn, Do'lhod, : jfut åf/ , ko{6s sf] n'efg] s] lnP bfz{lgs dxTj sf wfld{s : yn, ;fF: s[ltstf phfu/ s/ g] s] lnP gf6\ozfnf, kfls{Ë cf} / ;'/ Iff eL cfjZos x} .

ldlynf sf ef] hg, kf] zfs cf} / ldlynf snf eL k|l;4 x} . n] lsg ko{6s cft] x} tf] Hofbf ;] Hofbf oxfF k/ rfo—la: s'6 vft] x} , hfgsL dftf sf bz{g s/ t] x} +, lkm/ rn] hft] x+} . pGx] + / f] sg] lnP ax't ;f/ ] cfwf/ x} + lh;;] xd nfe n] ;st] x} + . n] lsg ;+/ If0f ;Da4{g gxL+ xf] g] s] sf/ 0f g tf] xd ckgf kxrfg agf kfP x+} cf} / g xL O; : yn sL dxQf sf] cf} / f] + s] ;dIf nf kfP x} + . hgsk'/ s] bf] cfwf/ x} + . kxnf tf] xd O;] wfld{s : yn agfP . b";/ f ldlynf sL / fhwfgL . cu/ xd bf] gf] + cfwf/ sf] db\b] gh/ / vt] x'P hgsk'/ s] ljsf; d] + cfu] a9Þt] x} + tf] jx lbg b"/ gxL+ ls lh; t/ x q] tf o'u d] + b] ju0f oxfF cfg] s] lnP nfnflot xf] t] y] p;L t/ x hgsk'/ bz{g s] lnP ljZj e/ s] nf] u

oxfF cfg] nu] + .Ps tYof+s s] cg';f/ hfgsL dlGb/

s] cwLg d] + ! ;f} $@ aL3f, / fd dlGb/ s] cwLg d] + ! xhf/ @ ;f} @) aL3f, nId0f dlGb/ s] cwLg d] + #*aL3f, xg'dfg dlGb/ s] cwLg d] + @( aL3f, s'k] Zj/ gfy dxfb] j dlGb/ s] cwLg d] + &@ aL3f, / Tg;fu/ d7 s] cwLg d] + %% aL3f hdLg x} . p;L sL ax't ;f/ L hdLg cltqmd0f sL hf r'sL x} . O;L cltqmldt hdLg sf] lkm/ ;] ckgL kxrfg lbnfg] s] lnP Ps cleofg rn / xf x} cf} / O; cleofg d] + nu] s'5 o'jf wGojfb s] kfq x} + . vf; s/ sxf hfP tf] O;sf k|d'v >] o / fdfzLif ofbj, ljho bQ, w|'j emf, 3gZofd ld>, ;/ f] h ld>, / fhs'df/ dxf;] 7 cf} / O;d] ;lqmo ;xof] u s/ g] jfn] k|x/ L k|zf;g k|d'v x+} .

wfld{s zx/ xf] t] x'P eL oxfF sf gfnf, ;8Þs uGbL x} , df+; d5nL sf

Jofkf/ cJojl: yt xf] g] s] sf/ 0f x/ cf/ c: tJo: ttf lbvtL x} . sxt] x+} dfg nf] cf} / 7fg nf] tf] sf] O{ sfo{ c;Dej gxL+ x} . P] ;f eL gxL+ x} ls ;/ sf/ g] O;s] lnP ljz] if of] hgf gxL+ bL x} . u+uf ;fu/ ;kmfO{ cleofg z'? x'cf cf} / u+uf dxfcf/ tL ;] hgsk'/ sL ;kmfO{ sL nx/ , u+uf sL nx/ sL t/ x sf] g] sf] g] d] + km} n uoL . lh; k|sf/ ;] hgsk'/ ljsf; sf cleofg rn / xf x}, O;] lg/ Gttf sL cfjZostf x} . O; cleofg d] + cfGtl/ s åGå sL eL ;Defjgf x} n] lsg O;s] lnP lgikIf, lg: jfy{ cf} / Odfgbf/ Lk"j{s sfo{ s/ gf xf] uf . cu/ sxL k/ r's uo] tf] lkm/ ;] d'lZsn] + gxL+ xf] uL ox gxL+ sxff hf ;stf . s} ;] x'cf cltqmd0f <

d7 dlGb/ , tfnfj cltqmd0f s/ agfoL uoL Odf/ t+] 6"6g] k/ hdLg dflnsf] +

sxfF ;] z'? x'cf ox cleofg <s'5 jiff] { ;] hgsk'/ uGb] zx/ s] ¿k d] + k|l;4 yf . P] ltxfl;s wfld{s : yn xf] g]

s] jfjh"b hf] eL ko{6s oxfF cft] y] gfs, dF'x aGb s/ dftf hfgsL sf bz{g s/ rn] hft] y] . hals wfld{s dfGotf x} ls u+uf ;fu/ cf} / wg'if ;fu/ d] + : gfg s/ dftf hfgsL sf bz{g s/ g] ;] k'0o sL k|flKt xf] tL x} .

seL–sef/ ko{6s ox eL sx b] t] x} + ls oxfF sL ld§L tf] kljq x} n] lsg nf] u lans'n ceb| x} + . oxfF sL ld§L sf] nf] u ax'd"No ;dems/ n] eL hft] x} + . lh; u+uf hn sf] nf] u af] tn d] aGb s/ / vt] x} + jx Otgf uGbf x} ls nf] u 5"g] ;] st/ ft] ] x} + . O; aft sf] g] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 wg'iff s] lgjt{dfg cWoIf / fdfzLif ofbj g] dx;"; lsof cf} / pGxf] +g] u+uf ;fu/ ;kmfO{ cleofg z'? s/ jfof . lh;d] + o'jf kqsf/ , ;dfh;] jL, dfgjclwsf/ jfbL, sfg"gljb\, o'jf, g] kfn k|x/ L, ;z: q k|x/ L, hgky, ;] gf ;eL g] ;xof] u lsof .

u+uf ;fu/ ;kmfO{ cleofg ;kmn x'cf cf} / oxL+ ;] u+uf sL nx/ sL t/ x hgsk'/ d] + ;kmfO{ cleofg rfn" xf] uof . lhtg] eL d7 dlGb/ , kf] v/ x+} ;eL d] + ;kmfO{ cleofg rn / xf x} . Otgf xL gxL+ O;] cfjZostf ;dems/ ;DalGwt lgsfo g] eL cfu] sbd a9fof . j[xQ/ hgsk'/ If] q ljsf; kl/ ifb, hgsk'/ gu/ kflnsf, u'7L ;+: yfg g] ca cfw'lgs hgsk'/ sL kl/ sNkgf sf] k"/L lsof hfP sxs/ cltqmldt hdLg vfnL s/ g] d] + nu uo] .


g] ax't ;f/ ] / fh vf] n] x} + . j] nf] u sxt] x+} a8Þ] agg] sf ;kgf b] vg] jfn] cfh lans'n 3/ af/ ljxLg xf] uP x} + . s'5 lbgf] ;] cltqmldt hdLg vfnL s/ jfg] s] cleofg ;] nf] u eoeLt x} + . jx / f] –/ f] s/ sxt] x} +, …xd sxfF hfPFu] xdf/ ] kf; tf] ca s'5 eL gxL+ arf . d7 dlGb/ s] dxGyf] + g] xd;] ax't ;f/ ] ¿kP lnP x} + . xdg] s'5 cltqmldt lsof x} cf} / s'5 k} ;f dxGyf] + sf] eL lbof x} . 3/ lgdf{0f s] qmd d] + gu/ kflnsf s] sd{rf/ L g] eL lnof x} . kxn] ktf rntf ls ox lbg b] vg] sf]

ldn] uf tf] P] ;L untL seL gxL+ s/ t] .Úvf;s/ t] nxf d8xf kf] v/ L, bz/ y

tnfj, kfkdf] rgL cltqmldt hdLg 8f] h/ ;] x6fg] k/ nfvf] + sf wgdfn g's;fg x'cf x} . ;} s8Þf] + nf] u a] 3/ x'P . cleofg ;] ax't ;f/ ] nf] u v'z eL x} + . s'5 sf sxgf x} ls …ljsf; s] lnP xd ckgf 3/ v'b tf] 8] Þ+u] . ls;L eL xfnt d] + Jojl: yt, ;'Gb/ cf} / : jR5 hgsk''/ xf] .Ú

n] lsg ax't a8ÞL aft ox x} ls wd{sd{ d] + nu] dxGyf] åf/ f lh; j: t' sf ;+/ If0f xf] gf rflxP pGxL+ s] åf/ f k} ;f n] s/ 3/

lgdf{0f s/ jfgf lstgf plrt cf} / lstgf cg'lrt x} , ox ;f] rg] jfnL aft x} . 5f] 6f ;f pbfx/ 0f hfgsL dlGb/ sf] xL n] tf] t] nxf d8xf kf] v/ L s] blIf0fjf/ L l8n k/ dlGb/ åf/ f xL 3/ lgdf{0f s/ p;sf ls/ fof j;"nL lsof hftf yf . P] ;] ax't ;f/ ] pbfx/ 0f x} + sxL k/ dlGb/ d] + 3/ x} tf] sxL k/ 3/ s] pmk/ dlGb/ x} . tnfj sL aft s/ ] + tf] O; k|sf/ cltqmldt s/ / v] x} + ls 3/ agfg] s] lnP hf] gfnf lgdf{0f s/ t] x} +, tnfj sf] j} ;] xL gfnf d] + kl/ 0ft s/ lbof uof x} .

sf} g x+} cltqmd0f s/ jfg] jfn] ;DalGwt lgsfo <

hgsk'/ s] ;f} GboL{s/ 0f sf : j¿k lauf8Þg] d] + hdLg cltqmd0fsf/ L xL bf] ifL gxL+ x+} . O;d] + tLg ;DalGwt lgsfo eL bf] ifL dfg] hfPFu] . en] xL k|yd r/ 0f s] cleofg d] + bf] ifL cltqmd0f s/ g] jfn] sf] 7x/ fof uof xf] , n] lsg lh; hux d+] clts|d0f x'cf x} rfx] jx u'7L ;+: yfg sL hdLg xf] , d7 dlGb/ s] gfd d] + xf] jxfF hgsk'/ gu/ kflnsf g] agfg] sL : jLs[lt bL x} . P] ;] d] + jf] eL ptg] xL s;"/ jf/ x} + lhtgf agfg] jfn] x} + .

ceL tf] Odf/ tf] + sf] tf] 8Þg] sf sfd z'? x'cf x} . p;s] afb Og tLgf] + k/ eL cg';Gwfg s/ gf cfjZos x} . ceL eL ;eL sf] dfn"d x} ls hfgsL dlGb/ ;] pmFr] Odf/ tf] + sf lgdf{0f gxL+ lsof hf ;stf x} n] lsg p;;] eL a8ÞL a8ÞL Odf/ t] + ag r'sL x} + . ox lagf gfk gSz] sf xf] uf ;f] eL aft gxL+ . sn s] lbg d] + cu/ p;] tf] 8Þg] sL aft x'O{ tf] p;sL Ifltk"lt{ sf} g b] uf ;jfn v8Þf xf] ;stf x} . g] kfn ;/ sf/ of lh; sd{rf/ L g] : jLs[lt bL x} . JolQmut : jfy{ cf} / nfe s] sf/ 0f ;/ sf/ sf] Ifltk"lt{ b] gf k8Þ] ox tf] sbflk hfoh gxL+ xf] uf .

eJo dxfu+uf cf/ tLh] i7 @% ut] / ljjf/ . zfd s] & ah]

u+uf ;fu/ kf] v/ L s] rf/ f] cf] / dlxnf, k'?if, afn aflnsf, ;'/ IffsdL{ ;] e/ f x'P y] . / +uLg aNaf] + s] emfn/ cf} / uLtf] + ;] u+uf;fu/ sf jftfj/ 0f u'Ghfodfg yf . ;asL lgufx+] u+uf dxfcf/ tL k/ l6sL x'O{ yL+ .

ef/ t s] agf/ ; d] + u+uf cf/ tL xf] tL x} . p;s] afb hgsk'/ d] + k|yd af/ u+uf;fu/ d] + dxfu+uf cf/ tL sf k|f/ De x'cf x} . agf/ ; s] tLg kl08t u+uf dxfcf/ tL s/ g] cfP y] . O; cj;/ k/ d'Vo cltly k|d'v lhnf clwsf/ L cf} / cltly s] ¿k d] + sf7df08" l: yt ef/ tLo / fhb"t / l~ht / fo, jL/ u~h s] dxfjfl0fHo sf] G;"n/ c~h' / ~hg eL

cfw'lgs hgsk'/ sL kl/ sNkgf sL z'?cft oxfF s] P] ltxfl;s wfld{s ;/ —;/ f] j/ hf] cltqmldt x} + p;] vfnL s/ jfg] s] cleofg ;] k|f/ De x'cf x} . j[xQ/ hgsk'/ If] q ljsf; kl/ ifb, hgsk'/ gu/ kflnsf tyf u'7L ;+: yfg hgsk'/ g] ;+o'Qm ¿k ;] ox cleofg k|f/ De lsof x} O; cleofg d] + ;} s8f] + 3/ tf] 8] Þ uP x} + cf} / eL ox qmd lg/ Gt/ ¿k ;] rn / xf x} . O;L ;DaGw d] + j[xQ/ s] cWoIf / fd s'df/ zdf{ ;] ;+lIfKt aft rLt sL uO{M) zdf{ hL Sof cltqmldt hux vfnL s/ fg] ;] cfw'lgs hgsk'/ sL kl/ sNkgf ;Dej x} <

– hgsk'/ d+] lhtg] eL tfnfa x} + P] ltxfl;s Pj+ wfld{s dxTj s] x} + . ljZj s] lhtg] eL wfld{s : yn x} + jx ls;L gf ls;L gbL lsgf/ ] cjl: yt x} . hgsk'/ xL P] ;f wfld{s : yn x} lh;sL kxrfg tfnfa cf} / d7 dlGb/ ;] x} . tf] d'em] nutf x} wfld{s b[li6 ;] hgsk'/ sf] kl/ jlt{t s/ g] s] lnP ;a;] kxn] cltqmldt hux vfnL s/ fof hfP . O;d] + x/ ] s lgsfo g] v'ns/ ;fy lbof x} .) jiff] { ;] cltqmldt hdLg d] + ax't a8Þ] –a8Þ] ejg lgl{d{t x} + . Sof p;] tf] 8Þgf ;Dej x} <

– b] lvP ox cleofg …nf] x] s] rg] rafg] Ú h} ;f x} , n] lsg c;Dej gxL+ . cleofg rn r'sf x} cf} / ox seL gxL+ ?s] uf . O;d] k|zf;g, Gofofno, o'jf, gful/ s ;dfh, kqsf/ , Jofkf/ L ;lxt s] lgsfo nu] x} +, k"0f{ ¿k ;] ;kmntf ldn] uL P] ;f d'em] ljZjf; x} .) O; cleofg s] lnP sxL+ ;] sf] O{ ah6 sL eL Joj: yf x} <

– hL, gxL+ . ef/ t ;/ sf/ g] hgsk'/ s] d7 dlGb/ Pj+ tfnfa s] ;f} GboL{s/ 0f s] lnP hf] tLg s/ f] 8Þ sL / flz cg'bfg bL x} , p;L ;] ox cleofg rn / xf x} .) cfw'lgs hgsk'/ kl/ sNkgf s] lnP cfks] Sof–Sof u'? of] hgf x} + <

– b] lvP u'? of] hgf tf] ceL gxL+ x} . lkmnxfn k|yd r/ 0f d] + tfnfa cltqmd0f x6fgf, b";/ f d7 dlGb/ hf] lghL 3/ d] + kl/ 0ft xf] uof x} p;] x6fgf cf} / p;s] afb wfld{s kl/ sNkgf, / fhf hgs sf b/ af/ lgdf{0f s/ g] sL of] hgf x} .) cltqmldt hux hf] cfk vfnL s/ f / x] x} +, jx k|z+;gLo x} . n] lsg O;sf ;+/ If0f ;Da4{g sa ts xf] uf <

– ceL ts O;s] ;+/ If0f s] lnP sf] O{ ah6 gxL+ x} . j} ;] xdg] ;+/ If0f ;Da4{g s] lnP ko{6g dGqfno, ef/ tLo / fhb"tfjf; ;lxt s] lgsfo d] + kxn sL x} . wGojfb Û

;+/ If0f s] lnP sf] O{ ah6 gxL+ x}

l/kf] 6{÷hgsk'/

;xefuL x'P y] . / f] rs cf} / pT;fxdo jftfj/ 0f yf . cf} / ox : jfefljs eL yf O;s] afb ;] xL u+uf cf/ tL sL Ps gO{ k/ Dk/ f sL z'?cft hf] x'O{ x} . hgsk'/ s] lnP wfld{s cf: yf d] + b";/ f cfofd x} u+uf cf/ tL . lbg d] + dftf hfgsL sf bz{g p;s] kZrft\ ;GWof d] + u+uf cf/ tL d] + ;xefuL xf] g] s] afb xL k'0o sL k|flKt xf] uL u+uf cf/ tL s] k'hf/ L sf sxgf x} .

g] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 wg'iff s]

lgjt{dfg cWoIf / fdfzLif ofbj s] ;+of] hsTj d] + ox cf/ tL ;DkGg x'O{ . cf/ tL sf d'Vo p2] Zo yf hgsk'/ sL

uGbuL ls;L eL xfnt d] dfF u+uf b"/ s/ ] . p;L cf/ tL ;] dfF u+uf g] zfob k'sf/ ;'g nL . cfh hgsk'/ s] x/ ] s sf] g] sf] g] d+] ;kmfO{ cleofg rn / xf x} . u+uf cf/ tL u+uf bzx/ f s] lbg ;] lg/ Gt/ rntL cf / xL x} . hf] eL tLy{ofqL hgsk'/ bz{g s] lnP cft] x} +, Ps af/ u+uf cf/ tL d] + ;xefuL cjZo xf] t] x} . u+uf cf/ tL zfd sf] & ;] * ah] ts k|To] s lbg k|f/ De xf] tf x} .

u+uf cf/ tL s] ;+of] hs / fdzLif ofbj s] cg';f/ u+uf cf/ tL ;] dg d] + zflGt xL gxL+ ;': jf: Yo, cR5f ljrf/ cf} / ljsf; sL k|] / 0ff eL ldntL x} . u+uf cf/ tL ;] lgsnL bLKt ls/ 0f] + oxfF s] o'jfcf] + d] + Ps gP hf] z sf ;+rf/ s/ / xf x} cf} / kl/ 0ffd: j¿k cfh gu/ jf;L hgsk'/ sf] ;fkm, : jR5 cf} / ;'Gb/ agfg] d] + nu] x'P x} + . d'em] ljZjf; x} ls O;d] + hf] eL ;xefuL xf] +u] pgs] ljrf/ : jR5 cf} / z/ L/ lg/ f] u xf] uf .

hg–wf/ 0ffcfWoflTds b[li6 ;] hgsk'/ sf ljsf; xf] hfgsL dlGb/

sf eL oxL nIo x} . cltqmd0f x6fg] s] ;fy–;fy O;sf ;+/ If0f eL cfjZos x} . cltqmldt hux k/ 8f] h/ rnfs/ 5f] 8Þ b] tf] ox cf} / s'¿k lbv] uf . hgsk'/ wfld{s : yn s] ¿k d] + ljsf; s/ ] cf} / hfgsL dlGb/ ljZj ;Dkbf ;"rL d] k8] Þ ox ;eL sL wf/ 0ff x} .

O; cleofg d] + dlGb/ s] s/ La ^)÷&) ;6/ tf] 8Þ] uP x} + . ox lrGtf sL aft gxL+ x} . ox hux vfnL s/ jfg] sf cleofg x} ox xd] + ktf x} . p;L k|sf/ ;'Gb/ : jR5, cf} / cfWoflTds ljsf; xf] O; k/ eL ;asf] cleofg rnfgf xf] uf . ;a;] kxn] b";/ ] r/ 0f d] + dlGb/ s] cf;kf; df+;fxf/ L ;fdfgf] + sL las|L k/ / f] s nufO{ hfo .

cfw'lgs hgsk'/ sL kl/ sNkgf u+uf ;fu/ cleofg ;] rnL x} . O; cleofg sf : jfut xd ;a , k|x/ L k|zf;g, kqsf/ , Jofkf/ L, gful/ s ;dfh, jsLn lsof x} . vf;s/ g] kfn xf] 6n Joj;foL ;+3 s] c~rn s] Gb|Lo ;b: o ljho em'gem'gjfnf, ljho bQ, / fh s'df/ dxf;] 7, P;PkL lzjnfdL5fg] , s0f{n l8hg lkof eL d'Votf ;] zfldn x} + . lsGt' h] i7 @% ut] u+uf bzx/ f s] lbg oxfF k/ u+uf cf/ tL x'O{ p;d] + ;DalGwt lgsfo g] ls;L k|sf/ sL e"ldsf sf lgjf{x lsof . u+uf cf/ tL ef/ t s] agf/ ; u+uf gbL s] t6 k/ , O6nL d] + af] nuf gbL cf} / ldlynf d] + hgsk'/ d] + xf] tf x} . u+uf cf/ tL hgsk'/ s] ko{6g s] lnP b";/ f cfofd x} . cfw'lgs hgsk'/ sL kl/ sNkgf s] lnP u+uf cf/ tL sf] eL dxTj b] gf xL xf] uf . ls;L JolQm ljz] if k/ 5f] 8Þ b] g] ;] sf] O{ eL sfo{ ;Dej gxL+ x} .

/ fd/ f] zg bf; j} i0fj5f] 6f dxGy, hfgsL dlGb/

/ fdfzLif ofbj, lg=cWoIfg] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 wg'iff

l/kf] 6{÷hgsk'/


l/kf] 6{÷hgsk'/

lxdflngL k|ltlglw

hgsk'/ ljsf; sL / fx k/ t] hL ;] ckg] sbd a9Þf / xf x} . hgsk'/ sf] l;km{ Ps ko{6sLo b[li6sf] 0f ;] gxL+ b] vf hf ;stf . ox ;f+: s[lts, wfld{s cf} / P] ltxfl;s kxrfg sf] ckg] d] + ;d] 6] x'P x} . jiff] {+ ;] ox ;'wf/ sL / fx b] v / xf yf . lh;sL cfh z'?cft x'O{ x} , ox z'?cft tf] ax't kxn] xf] hfgL rflxP yL . lsGt' ca ts hgsk'/ sf] hf] tJaHhf] rflxP yL jx gxL+ ldn kfof yf . v} / b] / cfP b'?: t cfP .

cfh hgsk'/ sL hf] 5lj abnL hf / xL x} , p;sf >] o ef} lts tyf oftfoft k"jf{wf/ d+qL ljdn] Gb| lglw sf] eL hftf x} . n]lsg lglwsf lgs6jtL{ dfgt] x}+

ls b'/ fu|x ;] k|] l/ t ;dfrf/ cftf / xf x} ls d+qL lglw P8LaL kl/ of] hgf sf lj/ f] w s/ / x] x} + . lsGt' pgs] ca ts s] sfof] {+ sf] b] vs/ ox cf/ f] k nufgf unt xf] uf . cu/ sf] O{ JolSt b] z lxt d] +, If] q lxt d] + sfd s/ tf x} tf] p;sf ;xL d'Nof+sg xf] gf rflxP . lsGt' P] ;f xf] tf gxL+ x} . k"jf{u|x ;] k|] l/ t cf/ f] k of k|Tof/ f] k d] + ls;L eL JolSt sL ;xL 5lj ;fdg] gxL+ cf kftL . oxL jhx yL ls d+qL lglw sf] cf/ f] kf] + s] v08g x] t' k|] ; sf‘Gk] |mG; a'nfgf k8Þf . hxfF pGxf] +g] : ki6 lsof ls, wg'iff s] *) k|ltzt ljsf; d] + pgs] lktf : j= dx] Gb| gf/ fo0f lglw cf} / : jo+ pgsf ;xof] u / xf x} , P] ;] d] + cfh cu/ hgsk'/ s] ljsf; s] lnP P8LaL kl/ of] hgf cfO{ x} tf] d} + p;sf s} ;] lj/ f] w s/ ;stf x"F < cfks] cg';f/ O; kl/ of] hgf d] + sxL+ sf] O{ ljjfb gxL+ x} . cu/ aft n} G8lkmN8 ;fO6 sL x} tf] cfksf dfggf x} ls ox cfjZos gxL+

ls jx km'nuffdf d] + xL ag] p;s] lnP hux sL Joj: yf sL hfPuL . hgsk'/ sf ljsf; xf] gf x} cf} / jx xf] s/ / x] uf p;d] + sxL+ sf] O{ afwf gxL+ cf ;stL . ox xf] ;stf x} ls d+qL lglw sL ckgL sfo{z} nL xf] hf] lj/ f] lwof] + sf] ;dem gxL+ cf / xL cf} / ;DejtM O;lnP pg k/ ;jfn p7fof hf / xf x} . lsGt' ca ts cfkg] ljsf; s] lnP lhtg] eL sfo{ c+hfd b] g] z'? lsP x} +, p;;] cfk k/ p7fP uP ;jfn sf hjfa : jo+ ldn hftf x} .

ls;L eL If] q sL cfly{s l: ylt sf] ;'wf/ g]

s] lnP k'Vtf ;8Þs Joj: yf sL cfjZostf xf] tL x} . d+qL lglw g] O;s] lnP cToGt dxTjk"0f{ sbd p7fof x} . hgsk'/ 9ns] j/ ;8Þs v08 sf] 5M nfOg agfg] sL of] hgf d+qL lglw n] s/ cfP x} + . lh;sf ;j] { sf sfd z'? xf] r'sf x} . ;fy xL cfkg] k"j{–klZrd ljB't / ] ndfu{ sf eL lznfGof; lsof x} . ut ah6 ;] hgsk'/ cf} / #÷$ If] q gDa/ s] ljsf; x] t' cfkg] krf; s/ f] 8Þ sL / flz kf; s/ jfO{ x} . lghu9Þ kmf: 6 6«} s agfg] s] lnP cfkg] nufgL af] 8{ ;] ! va{ sL of] hgf ckg] d+qfno s] dftxt lnof x} . lbNnL s] PlShd a} +s sf] O; sfo{ x] t' lgj] z s/ g] s] lnP t} of/ s/ g] sL sf] lzz d] + cfk k|of;/ t x} + cf} / hNb xL ;kmntf ldn] uL ox cfzf eL x} . t/ fO{ x'nfsL ;8Þs of] hgf sf] eL cfksf ;fy cf} / ;dy{g ldn / xf x} . O;d] + sfo{/ t

hf] eL 7] s] bf/ y] , hf] jfk; rn] uP y] pGx] + lkm/ ;] jfk; a'nfg] sL sf] lzz sL hf / xL x} .

cfkg] ox hfgsf/ L bL ls, cfufdL cfly{s ah6 d] + ldlynf ;8Þs ;'wf/ kl/ of] hgf k/ sfd lsof hfPuf . cfkg] sxf ls hxfF ts hgsk'/ l;u/ ] 6 sf/ vfgf ;+rfng sL aft x} , ;/ sf/ p;s] kIf d] + gxL+ x} . sd sLdt k/

O;sf lghLs/ 0f s/ g] ;] tf] a] xt/ xf] uf ls O;] ;+3Lo k|b] z sL / fhwfgL sf d'Vofno agfof hfo . lh;;] c/ af] + sL ;DklQ gi6 xf] g] ;] ar hfo . O;s] lnP cfk kxn s/ r's] x} + . wg'iff s] ljsf; s] lnP @( s/ f] 8Þ sL lgsf;L x'O{ x} ox hfgsf/ L eL cfkg] bL . kf] v/ f ;] afun'+u 5M nfOg / fhdfu{ lgdf{0f of] hgf sf] eL hNb xL sfof{lGjt lsof hfPuf . P] ;L va/ ldn / xL x} . Og ;f/ L hfgsfl/ of] + ;] ox tf] : ki6 xf] / xf x} ls cfk rx'Fd'vL ljsf; sL cf] / cu|;/ x} + .

d+qL lglw s] : j= lktf ljsf; k'?if y] cf} / d+qL lglw sf dfggf x} : jo+ d} + eL p;L / fx k/ rn / xf x"F rfx] sxg] jfn] s'5 eL sx] + d} + ckg] If] q sf xL gxL+ ckg] b] z sf eL ljsf; rfxtf x"F cf} / d} + xd] zf ljsf; s/ tf / xf x"F cf} / s/ tf / x"Fuf .

ljsf; s/ tf / xf x"F cf} / s/ tf / x"Fuf M d+qL lglw

ls;L eL If] q sL cfly{s l: ylt sf] ;'wf/ g] s] lnP k'Vtf ;8 Þs Joj: yf sL cfjZostf xf] tL x} . d+qL lglw g] O;s] lnP cToGt dxTjk"0f{ sbd p7fof x} . hgsk'/ 9ns] j/ ;8 Þs v08 sf] 5M nfOg agfg] sL of] hgf d+qL lglw n] s/ cfP x} + . lh;sf ;j] { sf sfd z'? xf] r'sf x} .

;dfrf/

#) h"g @)!$, ef/ tLo / fhb"tfjf; sf7dfG8" cf} / jL= kL= sf] O/ fnf kmfpG8] zg ef/ t g] kfn b\jf/ f cfof] lht kf] odfG8" s] ;f] nxj] + ;+: s/ 0f d] + O; af/ o'jf slj cf} / sjloqL g] lz/ st sL . lxGbL, cFu|] hL cf} / g] kfnL efiffcf] + d] + sljtf jfrg lsof uof . O; af/ pHHjn dxh{g, k|jL0f a: g] t sfhL, pld{nf kGt kf08] o, ;/ h' >] i7, x] dlGtsf klnv] , d'Ggf lg/ f} nf, ;+lht ef/ tL, k|jL0f ltjf/ L, ljj] s clwsf/ L-g] kfnL_, / fhLj k|hfklt, gzfnf lrqsf/ -cFu|] hL_, ;'jflzif k/ fh'nL, / lZd, dgf] x/ s0f{, pd] z cfrfo{-lxGbL_ cflb k|ltefzfnL sljof] + g] cToGt hf] z cf} / k|efjk"0f{ t/ Ls] ;] sljtf k|: t't

lsof . gf/ L x: tfIf/ sL sljtfcf] + d] + hxfF sf] dntf cf} / cfzf sf ;+rf/ yf jxL+ o'jf slj sL sljtfcf] + d] + hf] z cf} / s|f+ltsf/ L efj sf ;dfj] z yf . k|] ; cf} / ;"rgf Pj+ ;+: s[lt ljefu s] ;lrj ceo s'df/ g] ;eL sljof] + sf] wGojfb lbof cf} / ;fy xL pgs] pHHjn eljio sL sfdgf sL .

@ h'nfO{ @)!$ sf] nlntk'/ ljnf d] + cfoflht Ps ;fj{hlgs ;df/ f] x d] + ef/ t s] / fhb"t dxfdlxd / 0fhLt / fo g] g] kfn ef/ t cfly{s ;xof] u sfo{qmd cGtu{t ef/ t s] ;xof] u d] + gjlgld{t >L dxfsfn pRr dfWolds ljBfno sf p3f6g lsof .

ox ljBfno ;g\ !(^) d] + k|fylds ljBfno s] ¿k d] + : yflkt x'O{ yL O;s] afb pRr dfWolds ljBfno d] + ox kl/ jlt{t x'cf . ox ljBfno uf] 6Lv] n uflj; nlntk'/ lhnf d] + x} . ef/ t g] ? !=(^ s/ f] 8Þ sL ;xof] u / flz k|bfg sL x} , lh;;] ejg lgdf{0f s] ;fy ;fy ljBfno d] + cWoog/ t %% k|ltzt 5fqfcf] + s] ;fy xL ^)) ;] clws ljBfly{of] + nfeflGjt xf] +u] . cWoog sfo{ s] cnfjf lhnf s] ljsf; d] + eL of] ubfg xf] uf .ef/ t ;/ sf/ g] ljBfno sf] kmgL{r/ cf} / sDKo"6/ s] lnP #) nfv sL cltl/ St ;xfotf eL bL x} . O; kl/ of] hgf s] cltl/ St ef/ t åf/ f lbP uP cg'bfg / flz g] =?=#=@^ s/ f] 8Þ ;] gf} P] ltxfl;s : ynf] + sf

hL0ff] {4f/ eL xf] / xf x} ;fy xL g] =?=!@=%& s/ f] 8Þ sL nfut d] + nlntk'/ lhnf s] rf/ kl/ of] hgf sf sfo{ eL xf] / xf x} . ef/ tLo ;xof] u d] + !) PDa'n] G; cf} / ^ : s"n a; eL k|bfg lsof uof x} .

g] kfn ef/ t ljsf; ;fem] bf/ L s] lnP g] kfn ef/ t cfly{s ;xof] u sfo{qmd dLn sf kTy/ ;flat xf] uf . ef/ tLo / fhb"t g] cfzf JoSt sL ls O; sfo{qmd s] åf/ f ;+rflnt ljsf; kl/ of] hgf ;] g] kfn sL hgtf sL zflGt cf} / ;d[l4 d] + ;xof] u ldn] uf .

g] kfn d] + a9Þt] ljsf; s] dxTj sf] cfTd;ft s/ t] x'P p;s] lnP ef/ t ;b} j ;Dk"0f{ ;xof] u k|bfg s/ g] x] t' tTk/ x} . ef/ t g] kfn cfly{s ;xof] u sfo{qmd cGtu{t ;+rfng xf] g] jfnL ;Dk"0f{ kl/ of] hgf g] kfn s] nueu ;eL lhnf d] + sfo{ s/ / xL x} O;s] cGtu{t lzIff, : jf: Yo tyf k"jf{wf/ ljsf; cflb If] q d] + sfo{ xf] / x] x} + . ca ts s] k"/ ] x'P kl/ of] hgf d] + nueu g] =?= ^%)) s/ f] 8Þ ;] Hofbf sL nfut nu r'sL x} . o] ljsf; kl/ of] hgf : yfgLo cfjZostfg';f/ g] kfn ;/ sf/ s] ;fembf/ L d] + ;+rflnt xf] / x] x} + .

nlntk'/ lhn] d] + ljBfno ejg lgdf{0f x] t' ef/ tLo ;xof] u

kf] odfG8" sf ;f] nxjfF k8Þfj



dxfTdf dfnjLo ldzg g] kfn åf/ f / fi6«klt ejg zLtn lgjf; dxf/ fhu+h d] + dxfdgf dbg df] xg dfnjLo s] ljrf/ cf} / ;f] r k/ cfwfl/ t sfo{qmd cfof] lht lsof uof . dxfdgf dfnjLo sL ;f] r cfh eL ;f+ble{s x} . b] z lgdf{0f cf} / o'u lgdf{0f d] + o'jf kL9ÞL sf] cfh eL dxfdgf ;] ;Lv n] gL xf] uL .

sfo{qmd s] d'Vo cltly g] kfn s] / fi6«klt 8f= / fdj/ 0f ofbj y] . sfo{qmd d] + ef/ tLo b"tfjf; s] / fhb"t dxfdlxd / 0fhLt / fo sL ul/ dfdoL pkl: ylt yL . sfo{qmd sf d'Vo cfsif{0f ef/ t ;] cfP hl: 6; lul/ w/ dfnjLo hL sf ;f/ ule{t jQmJo / xf . cfkg] sxf ls g] kfn jg ;Dkbf jg: klt cf} / / Tgf] + sf vfg x} . sflnbf; g] s'df/ ;Ded d+] sxf x} ls lxdfno d] + / Tg xL / Tg x} + . oxfF s] zf;g Joj: yf sf] rflxP ls ljZj d] + g] kfn sL kxrfg O;sL jg ;Dkbf cf} / jg: kltof] + ;] s/ fP .

tTkZrft\ cfkg] dxfdgf hL s] JolQmTj k/ k|sfz 8fnf ;fy xL ox : yflkt lsof ls pgs] ljrf/ cfh eL ;do ;fk] If x} + cf} /

p;] c+uLsf/ s/ gf rflxP . sfo{qmd s] c+t d] + / fi6«klt hL

sf jQmJo cfof . / fhb"t dxf] bo g] ox cfZjf;g lbof ls O; ;+: yf s] ljsf; cf} / ;xof] u s] lnP / fhb"tfjf; xd] zf tTk/ x} cf} / ck] lIft ;xfotf k|bfg s/ g] s] lnP t} of/ x} . Ps ;fy{s ljrf/ s] ;fy sfo{qmd sL ;dflKt x'O{ .

g] kfn–ef/ t d} qL k|j4{g s] p2] Zo ;] : yflkt ;+3 ;+: yf g] kfn–ef/ t d} qL ;+3, g] kfn ef/ t d} qL ;dfh, g] kfn ef/ t d} qL dlxnf ;dfh, g] kfn ef/ t cjw d} qL ;dfh, g] kfn ef/ t d} qL o'jf ;dfh nufot s] ;+: yfcf] + sf ;femf ;+hfn g] kfn–ef/ t d} qL ;+: yf ;+hfn sf u7g lsof uof x} . g] kfn ef/ t d} qL ;DaGw sf] cf} / k|uf9 agfg] x] t'

: yflkt O; ;+hfn sf ;+of] hsTj af/ L–af/ L ;eL ;+: yf åf/ f lsP hfg] sf lg0f{o lnof uof . lh; cg';f/ kxn] jifL{o sfo{ sfn ;+of] hsTj g] kfn ef/ t d} qL dlxnf ;dfh s] cWoIf rGbf rf} w/ L åf/ f lsof uof x} .

;eL ;+3–;+: yfcf] + sf p2] Zo ;dfg xf] g] s] gft] ca O; ;+hfn åf/ f g] kfn ef/ t d} qL k|j4{g x] t' ljleGg sfo{qmd Psh"6

xf] s/ ;Dkfbg lsP hfg] sL aft atfO{ uO{ . O; ;+hfn d] + ;dfg p2] Zo s] cGo ;+3–;+: yfcf] + sf] eL h'8Þg] s] lnP cg'/ f] w lsP hfg] sL aft ;+of] hs rGbf rf} w/ L g] atfO{ . gj ul7t g] kfn–ef/ t d} qL ;+: yf ;+hfn s] !% ;b: oLo sfo{ ;ldlt d] + ;eL ;+: yf s] cWoIf, kb] g ;b: o tyf Ps–Ps ;+: yf s] k|ltlgw xf] g] sL aft atfO{ uO{ .

dxfdgf dfnjLo ofb lsP uP;dfrf/

g] kfn–ef/ t d} qL ;+: yf ;+hfn d] + rf} w/ L

l/kf]6{

ljQLo cf} / k|fljlws ¿k ;] ;Dej gxL+ xf] g] s] sf/ 0f cg] sf]

;+36gf] + s] s8Þ] P] t/ fh s] jfb eL ;/ sf/ g] cflv/ sf/ kf] v/ f If] qLo cGt/ f{i6«Lo ljdfg: yn s] lgdf{0f sL lhDd] bf/ L rLgL sDkgL ;LPPd;L sf] b] g] sf lg0f{o s/ xL lnof . z'? d] + ef} uf] lns sf/ 0ff] + ;] kf] v/ f d] + If] qLo ljdfg: yn agfgf ;xL gxL+ xf] uf, sxt] x'P O;sf a8] Þ k} dfg] k/ lj/ f] w x'cf yf . afb d] +, 6] 08/ s] k} ;] sf] n] s/ ljjfb x'cf lkm/ gfkmf Pj+ cfo s] ef/ s] ljjfb s] sf/ 0f eL O;sf sfd ?stf / xf .

hxfF Ps cf] / k|flws/ 0f sL nfut sL sLdt ;] bf] u'0ff k} ;] sf k|: tfj 7] s] bf/ sDkgL s] åf/ f lsP hfg] s] sf/ 0f O; d] + ljjfb x} , jxL+ b";/ L cf] / k|flws/ 0f s] cfnf clwsf/ L tyf sd{rf/ L ox sxt] x'P O;sf lj/ f] w s/ / x] x} + ls ha ts ;/ sf/ kof{Kt ;xof] u / flz d'x} of gxL+ s/ ftL x} , ta ts dxh C0f / flz ;] Otgf a8Þf ljdfg: yn agfgf oyfy{ d] + O; ;+: yf sf] cwf] ult sL cf] / n] hfgf x} . O; ljdfg: yn sL s'n nfut / flz @! c/ a ¿kof x} . ;/ sf/ en] xL rLg ;] Go"g Jofh b/ d] + C0f n] g] sL aft s/ / xL xf] k/ Gt' k|flws/ 0f sf] tf] jxfF cf7 k|ltzt s] lx;fa ;] C0f ldn / xf x} . O;sf l;km{ Aofh xL bf] c/ a ¿ko] xf] hfP+u] hals k|flws/ 0f sf s'n / fhZj xL dxh tLg

c/ a ¿kof x} , lkmnxfn kf] v/ f Po/ kf] 6{ ;] ;/ sf/ sf] dxh @% s/ f] 8Þ sf xL cfo xf] / xL x} . OGxL aftf] + sf] b] vt] x'P k|flws/ 0f, rLg sL sDkgL s] ;fy ;demf} tf gxL+ s/ gf rfxtf yf, zfob O;LlnP k|flws/ 0f s] k|d'v g] sxf eL yf ls ha ts O;s] ;eL af] 8{ cfkm d] Da/ xd] + lnv s/ gxL+ b] t] , j] ;demf} tf k/ b: tvt gxL+ s/ g] jfn] x+} . Pdfn] sf] 6] ;] ko{6gdGqL ag] eLd cfrfo{ z'? ;] xL rLg sL sDkgL sf] 7] sf lbnjfg] s] kIf d] + / x] x+} .

k|flws/ 0f sL kxnL xL dLl6+u d] + dGqL dxf] bo g] rLg sL sDkgL sf] 6] 08/ lbnjfg] sf lg0f{o s/ jfof . sxf hftf x} ls ;demf} t] k/ b: tvt s/ g] s] lnP ko{6gdGqL g] bafj eL lbof yf, k|flws/ 0f

s] k|d'v sf] . xfnf+ls k|d'v sf sxgf x} ls r"+ls 6] 08/ s] df] 8n d] + kl/ jt{g x'cf x} , lnxfhf ca ls;L t/ x sL lbSst gxL+ cfPuL sf] O{ O{kL;L df] 8n ;] lgdf{0f s/ g] ;] 7] sbf/ sf] lgwf{l/ t ;do Pj+ sLdt k/ xL sfd s/ gf xf] uf .

;demf} t] s] jfb k|flws/ 0f ljQ dGqfno s] hl/ P rLg s] PlDkd a} +s sf] shf{ s] lnP kq lnv] uf . p;s] afb gSzf Pj+ l8hfOg agfg] d] + sd ;] sd Ps jif{ nu] uf . tLg jif{ s] cGb/ d] + O;sf lgdf{0f xf] hfgf x} .

;g\ @)!@ s] km/ j/ L s] b";/ ] ;Ktfx d] + k|flws/ 0f g] v'nf 6] 08/ lsof yf, rfOlgh sDkgL ;LPPd;L g] ;/ sf/ L nfut cg'dfg ;] *% k|ltzt clws cyf{t\ #) s/ f] 8 %) nfv 8fn/ sf k|: tfj lsof

yf . p;sf] Ps jif{ jfb ckg] xL bfj] ;] kL5] x6t] x'P k'gM rLgL sDkgL ;/ sf/ L nfut k/ xL 6] 08/ b] g] sf] sxf . k|flws/ 0f ha ts s'5 ;dem] ta ts lkm/ p;sf k|: tfj cfof ls #) s/ f] 8Þ 8fn/ ;] sd k} ;] d] + tf] sfd lsof xL gxL+ hf ;stf x} . jfb d] + : jo+ ;/ sf/ g] Ps ;ldlt ul7t sL, lh;g] @! s/ f] 8Þ ^! nfv 8n/ d] + ljdfg: yn lgdf{0f xf] hfg] sf k|ltj] bg ;/ sf/ s] ;dIf k|: t't lsof . lvn/ fh / ] UdL s] g] t[TjjfnL r'gfjL ;/ sf/ g] tf] O; k|ltj] bg k/ Wofg gxL+ lbof, k/ Gt' gO{ ;/ sf/ s] cft] xL O; lbzf d] + kxn z'? xf] uof . k|flws/ 0f g] Ps cnu kq lnv s/ ko{6g dGqfno ;] sxf ls j] rLg ;] C0f s] abn] cg'bfg df+u] tf] a] xt/ xf] uf .

g] kfn sL ;/ sf/ g] $) jif{ kxn] xL O;s] lnP cfjZos hdLg clwu|x0f s/ / vf x} . go] ljdfg : yn d] + dWod ju{ s] af] O+u &%&, Prv; #@) cflb hxfhf] + sf cjt/ 0f xf] kfPuf . lh; sDkgL sf] Po/ kf] 6{ lgdf{0f s/ g] sf 6] 08/ ldnf x} , jxL sDkgL rfOgf ;LPd;L OlGhlgol/ +u g] ca ts nfcf] ; d] + bf] k'/ fg] Po/ kf] 6{ d] + sfd lsof x} . o] bf] gf] + OG6/ g] zgn Pokf] 6{ x} + . sDkgL s] j] e;fO6 g] v'b sxf x} ls p;s] kf; go] ljdfg: yn agfg] sf cg'ej gxL+ x} . rfO{gf ;LPPd;L OlGhlgol/ ª sDkgL rLg sf Ps ;/ sf/ L ;+: yfg x} , ;g\ @))! d] + O;sL : yfkgf x'O{ x} . ox sDkgL OkL;L df] 8n sL kl/ of] hgf cfGtl/ s Pj+ jfXo lgj] z tyf Jofkf/ s] If] q d] + sfd s/ tL cfO{ x} .

z]if $# k]h d]+

lgdf{0f sL lhDd] bf/ L cGttM pQ/ L k8 Þf] ;L sf] xLlot]Gb|


nLnfgfy uf} td

lzIff

x/ ;fn P;Pn;L k/ LIff s] gtLh] s] jQm p;;] ;DalGwt lj1 tyf ;/ sf/ L

clwsf/ L k/ LIff kl/ 0ffd s] k|lt lrGtf JoQm s/ t] x} + . ljBfyL{ s} ;] sd pQL0f{ x'P x} + < sxt] x'P s'5 xkm\t] ts ax; eL rntL x} . ax; s] qmd d] + ;eL ;DalGwt clwsf/ L bfjf s/ t] x} + ls cfufdL ;fn ;] gtLh] d] + ;'wf/ cf hfPuf . p;s] afb ;eL lj1 s] lnP ox ax; cf} / lrGtf Ps ;fn s] lnP ;dfKt xf] hftL x} . ha b";/ ] ;fn k'gM P;Pn;L sf gtLhf ;fj{hlgs xf] tf x} , lkm/ jxL rr] { cf} / jfb] sf Oltxf; b'x/ fof hftf x} . gtLhtg ljBfyL{ pQL0f{tf s] k|ltzt d] + j[l4 gxL+ xf] tL, p;s] abn] pQL0f{tf sf k|ltzt cf} / sd xf] hftf x} . ljut s'5 ;fnf] + ;] P] ;f xL xf] / xf x} . ktf gxL+ x} – sa ts ox qmd hf/ L / x] uf .

P;Pn;L kl/ 0ffd s] cg';f/ ;a ;] lrGtf sL aft tf] ox x} ls ;fd'bflos tyf ;/ sf/ L ljBfno sL k9ÞfO{ sf : t/ cf} / Hofbf sdhf] / xf] / xf x} , lkm/ eL jxL+ ;a ;] Hofbf ljBfyL{ cWoog/ t x} + . b";/ L aft ;fd'bflos ljBfno d] + j] aRr] cWoog s/ t] x} +, lhgsL kfl/ jfl/ s cfly{s k[i7e"ld sdhf] / xf] tL x} . b'Mv sL aft tf] ox x} ls g] kfn s] clwsf+z kl/ jf/ P] ;L xL k[i7e"ld s] x} +, hf] ckg] aRr] sf] lghL : s"n d] + gxL+ e] h ;st] x} + . lh;s] sf/ 0f ha P;Pn;L k/ LIff sf gtLhf ;fj{hlgs xf] tf x} , P] ;] cleefjsf] + sL lrGtf cf} / a9Þ hftL x} .

ckg] aRrf] + sL lzIff–bLIff s] k|lt lrlGtt s'5 cleefjs g] tf] ckg] aRr] sf] lghL : s"n d] + e] hgf z'? s/ lbof x} . O;L sf kl/ 0ffd x} ls lbg k|lt lbg lghL : s"n d] + cWoog s/ g] jfn] aRrf] sL ;+Vof a9Þ / xL x} . ox qmd hf/ L x} cf} / O;s] ?sg] s] cf;f/ eL gh/ gxL+ cft] . s'5 nf] u ckgf k] 6 sf6 s/ eL ckg] aRrf] + sf] lghL ljBfno d] + e] ht] x+} , lkm/ eL s'5 P] ;] u/ La eL x} +, hf] ox eL gxL+ s/ ;st] x} + . j] nf] u Sof s/ ] + < jt{dfg ;/ sf/ tyf ;/ sf/ L z} lIfs lgsfo s] k|lt ox uDeL/ k|Zg v8Þf x'cf x} .

lghL If] q s] : s"nf] + sL t'ngf d] + Hofbf ;'ljwf n] s/ ;/ sf/ L : s"nf] + d] + cWofkg s/ g] jfn] lzIfs, …ljBfyL{ cg'QL0f{ xf] / x] x} +Ú, ox av"aL hfgt] x+} . n] lsg ckgL] cWofkg–z} nL d] + sf] O{ ;'wf/ s/ gf gxL+ rfxt] . cyf{t\ ;/ sf/ L lzIfs tyf ljBfno Joj: yfkg ljBfyL{ s] k|lt ptg] lhDd] jf/ gxL+ xf] t] , lhtgf lghL If] q d] + b] vf hftf x} .

lghL : s"nf] + sL gsn s/ t] x'P ax't ;] ;/ sf/ L ljBfno ckg] k|fylds tx d] + af] l8{ª : s"n ;] ldnt] –h'nt] kf7\oqmd cWofkg s/ ft] x} , n] lsg O;g] eL gtLh] d] + sf] O{ ;sf/ fTds k|efj gxL+ 8fnf x} . P] ;L cj: yf d] + ;/ sf/ L : s"nf] + d] + ckg] aRr] sf] e] hg] jfn] cleefjs sf lrlGtt xf] gf c: jfefljs gxL+ x} . oxfF ox aft eL ;demgf rflxP ls ;fd'bflos ljBfno d] +

x/ ;fn Ps xL k'sf/ P;Pn;L d] + s} ;] xf] ;'wf/ <

clwsf+z ;fd'bflos ljBfno sf gtLhf z"GoO; ;fn P;Pn;L d] + ;xefuL ljBfnof] + d] + ;] # ;f} #! ljBfno sL pQL0f{tf k|ltzt

z"Go x} . P] ;] ljBfno sf7df+8" pkTosf d] + xL !! x} + . k/ LIff lgoGq0f sfof{no ;fgf] l7dL s] cg';f/ O; ;fn ;Dk"0f{ b] z d] + ;] ( xhf/ ! ;f} *& dfWolds ljBfnof] + g] ckg] ljBfyL{ sf] P;Pn;L k/ LIff d] + ;xefuL s/ jfof yf . pg d] + ;] ^ xhf/ $% ;fd'bflos cf} / # xhf/ ! ;f} $@ ;+: yfut -lghL_ ljBfno y] . ;fd'bflos d] + ;] @ ;f} *! ljBfno sf P;Pn;L pQL0f{ ljBfyL{ ;+Vof z"Go x} . cf} / lghL ljBfnof] + sf P] ;L ;+Vof %) x} .

k/ LIff lgoGq0f sfof{no s] cg';f/ ;a ;] Hofbf cg'QL0f{ ljBfno k"jf{~rn d] + x} + . p; If] q ;] P;Pn;L d] + ;xefuL ! xhf/ ( ;f} !( ljBfno d] + ;] ! ;f} #^ sf gtLhf z"Go x} . O;L t/ x ;'b"/ klZrd s] ( ;f} @* ljBfnof] + d] + ;] &^ : s"nf] + g] Ps 5fq sf] eL plQ0f{ gxL+ s/ ;s] . dWodf~rn s] # xhf/ @ ;f} *% d] + ;] dWo] %& : s"nf] + sf gtLhf eL P] ;f xL / xf . dWoklZrdf~rn d] + P] ;] ljBfnof] + sL ;+Vof #& x} , hxfF ;] ! xhf/ (% ljBfno P;Pn;L k/ LIff d] + ;xefuL x'P y] . klZrdf~rn s] ! xhf/ ( ;f} ^) ljBfno d] + ;] @% ljBfnof] + sf gtLhf z"Go x} .

lzIff

ckg] aRrf] + sf] k9Þfg] jfn] cleefjs pgsL k9ÞfO{ s] k|lt ptg] ;r] t gxL+ lbvt] x} + . P] ;f sfo{ Jo: ttf s] sf/ 0f xf] of c1fgtf s] sf/ 0f xf] tf x} , sxf gxL+ hf ;stf . b";/ L t/ km lghL : s"nf] + sL t'ngf d] + ;fd'bflos : s"nf] + sf Joj: yfkg cf} / z} lIfs jftfj/ 0f eL ;Gtf] ifhs gxL+ / xtf x} . lh;sf k|ToIf k|efj ljBfyL{ lzIff cf} / P;Pn;L gtLhf d] + lbvfO{ b] / xf x} .

cu/ ;r d] + xL z} lIfs : t/ d] + ;'wf/ nfgf rfxt] x} + cf} / kl/ 0ffd d] + ;sf/ fTds k|efj b] vgf rfxt] x} + tf] ;fd'bflos ljBfno cf} / cleefjs bf] gf] + sf] ckg] d] + ;'wf/ nfgf h¿/ L x} . ljBfno Joj: yfkg ;ldlt d] + xf] g] jfn] / fhgLlts/ 0f sf] k"0f{ ¿k d] + aGb s/ s] ;eL lzIfsf] + sf] ljBfyL{ s] k|lt lhDd] jf/ agfgf xf] uf . cf} / lzIff k|0ffnL sf] ljBfyL{ sL Ifdtf cf} / ;do s] cg';f/ ;[hgzLn agfgf xf] uf . gxL+ tf] lhtgL eL lrGtf JoQm s/ +] , ;fd'bflos ljBfnof] + s] gtLh] d] + ;'wf/ cfg] jfnf gxL+ x} . b";/ L t/ km, aRrf] sf] af] l8{ª : s"n d] + e] hg] ;] xL pgs] z} lIfs : t/ d] + ;'wf/ cf hfPuf ox gxL+ sxf hf

;stf . k9Þg] –lnvg] sf jftfj/ 0f ckg] 3/ d] + eL xf] gf rflxP . ckg] afnaRrf] + sf] lzIff b] g] jfn] ljBfno s] lzIfs cf} / p;s] Joj: yfks s} ;] x+} < ljBfyL{ s] k|lt lzIfs lhDd] jf/ x} + of gxL+ < O; aft k/ eL cleefjs ;r] t / x] + tf] cjZo xL ;fd'bflos ljBfnof] + s] z} lIfs u'0f: t/ d] + j[l4 xf] ;stL x} . ;eL ;fd'bflos ljBfno v/ fa cf} / ;eL lghL z} lIfs ;+: yf cR5] x} +, P] ;L ;f] r eL unt x} . Sof] +ls ;du| d] + sdhf] / xf] t] x'P eL s'5 ;fd'bflos ljBfno P] ;] x} +, lhgsf gtLhf ls;L lghL ljBfno ;] sd gxL+ x} . cf} / s'5 P] ;] eL af] l8{ª : s"n x} +, hf] Ps ljBfyL{ sf] eL P;Pn;L pQL0f{ gxL+ s/ f kfP x} + . O;LlnP ;fd'bflos ljBfno d] + cWoog s/ g] jfn] ljBfyL{ sf] olb 3/ d] + cWoog s] lnP z} lIfs jftfj/ 0f lgdf{0f lsof hfP tf] cjZo xL af] l8{ª s] ljBfyL{

;] j] k|lt: kwf{ s/ ;st] x} + . O;s] lnP, ljBfno, lzIfs, cleefjs cf} / ljBfyL{ s] aLr cfk;L ;dembf/ L sf xf] gf h¿/ L x} , hf] ;fd'bflos ljBfno d] + gxL+ xf] kf / xf x} .

O;LlnP xd sx ;st] x} +– ;fd'bflos ljBfno d] + cWoog s/ g] jfn] ljBfyL{ sdhf] / xf] g] s] kL5] ljBfyL{, lzIfs cf} / cleefjs s] ;DaGw d] + tfnd] n gxL+ xf] gf

x} . ;fd'bflos : s"nf] + s] cleefjs k|foM ckg] afn–aflnsf sL k9fO s] k|lt ptgf Wofg gxL+ b] t] x} +, ox tf] ;r x} . n] lsg lzIfs ckg] ljBfly{of] + sL sdhf] / L sf] n] s/ cleefjs sf] ;r] t s/ g] sf st{Jo eL kfng gxL+ s/ t] x} + . n] lsg lghL : s"nf] + d] + cleefjsf] + sf] P] ;L hfgsf/ L bL hftL x} . 3/ d] + ckg] aRr] u[xsfo{ s/ t] x} + of gxL+ <, cf} / pgs] sdhf] / kIf Sof x} +, ox kxrfg s/ s] lzIfsf] + s] ;fy k/ dz{ s/ g] sL lhDd] bf/ L cleefjs lgjf{x s/ ] +u] tf] cjZo xL ;fd'bflos ljBfno d] + cWoog s/ g] jfn] ljBfyL{ eL ;kmn xf] ;st] x} + . oxfF k/ ;d: of tf] ox x} ls ckg] ] ] z} lIfs : t/ sdhf] / xf] g] s] sf/ 0f s'5 cleefjs rfxt] x'P eL P] ;f gxL+ s/ kft] x+} . ljBfno tyf lzIfs eL cleefjsf] + sL O; dha"/ L k/ ptgf Wofg gxL+ b] t] x+} . cu/ cleefjs

sL ;lqmotf a9Þ hfP tf] p;sf k|efj lzIfs, ljBfno cf} / ljBfyL{ d] + cjZo xL k8Þ ;stf x} . O; aft sf] : jLsf/ s/ t] x} +, b/ af/ xfO: s'n s] lzIfs ljhos'df/ ofbj . pgsf dfggf x} ls P] ;L xL 5f] 6L–df] 6L aftf] + d] + ;'wf/ lsof hfP tf] cjZo xL ;fd'bflos ljBfnof] + s] z} lIfs : t/ d] + ;'wf/ cf ;stf x} .

;du| d] + Otgf xL sx ;st] x} +– cu/ cleefjs ;r] t x} + tf] cfly{s cj: yf sdhf] / xf] t] x'P eL aRrf] + sL k9ÞfO{ cf} / eljio s] k|lt lrlGtt cf} / lg/ fz xf] g] sL h¿/ t gxL+ k8ÞtL . ;a ;] kxnL aft tf] ox x} ls xd ckg] aRrf] + d] + k9ÞfO{ s] k|lt ?lr k} bf s/ ] + cf} / ljBfno d] + hfs/ lzIfsf] + sf] eL ;r] t s/ t] / x] + . cu/ xd P] ;f s/ ;st] x} + tf] ckg] ghbLs d] + / x] ;fd'bflos ljBfnof] + s] z} lIfs : t/ d] + ;'wf/ s/ ;st] x} + . olb cleefjs cf} / lzIfs ckgL–ckgL e"ldsf Odfgbf/ L ;] lgjf{x s/ ] + tf] aRr] ;fd'bflos ljBfnof] + d] + eL v'zL–v'zL hfgf k;Gb s/ ] +u] , P] ;L / fo >L k|fylds ljBfno ceogu/ –% l;/ xf s] lzIfs gy'gL ofbj sL x} . ofbj cfu] sxt] x} – O;s] afb ckg] aRr] sf] af] l8{ª : s"n d] + xL e] hgf rflxP, P] ;L dfgl;stf wL/ ] –wL/ ] ;dfKt xf] tL hfPuL .

xfF, ;fd'bflos ljBfnof] + d] + ljifo lzIfsf] + sL kof{Kt ;+Vof gxL+ xf] gf, ;dofg's"n lzIf0f k|0ffnL d] + cfw'lgsLs/ 0f gxL+ xf] gf, k'/ fg] lzIfsf] + sf] ;do cg';f/ z} lIfs tfnLd sL Joj: yf gxL+ xf] gf, bIf cf} / goL kL9ÞL sf] z} lIfs If] q d] + cfslif{t gxL+ s/ kfgf, k/ Dk/ fut k/ LIff k|0ffnL d] + ;'wf/ gxL+ cfgf, P] ;] ax't ;f/ ] sf/ 0f x} +, lh;s] rnt] ;fd'bflos ljBfno sdhf] / lbvfO{ k8Þt] x} + . O;LlnP pmk/ pNn] lvt ljifo d] + eL ;'wf/ sL cfjZostf x} . O;s] lnP ;/ sf/ sf] ;'wf/ sL cf] / uDeL/ tf s] ;fy cu|;/ xf] gf k8Þ] uf cf} / 5fqf] + sL cle?lr s] cg';f/ kf7\os|d agfgf xf] uf .

;fd'bflos : s"nf] + s] cleefjs k|foM ckg] afn–aflnsf sL k9fO s] k|lt ptgf Wofg gxL+ b] t] x} +, ox tf] ;r x} . n] lsg lzIfs ckg] ljBfly{of] + sL sdhf] / L sf] n] s/ cleefjs sf] ;r] t

s/ g] sf st{Jo eL kfng gxL+ s/ t] x} + . n] lsg lghL : s"nf] + d] + cleefjsf] + sf] P] ;L hfgsf/ L bL hftL x} . 3/ d] + ckg] aRr] u[xsfo{ s/ t] x} + of gxL+ <, cf} / pgs] sdhf] / kIf Sof x} +, ox kxrfg s/ s] lzIfsf] + s] ;fy k/f dz{ s/ g] sL lhDd] bf/ L

cleefjs lgjf{x s/ ] +u] tf] cjZo xL ;fd'bflos ljBfno d] + cWoog s/ g] jfn] ljBfyL{ eL ;kmn xf] ;st] x} + .


Jo+Uo

cfk xd ;eL g] k9Þf xf] uf– cfbdL Ps ;fdflhs k|f0fL x} . n] lsg

hxfF ts d] / ] th'a] { sf tfNn's x} , d} + bfj] s] ;fy sx ;stf x"F ls cfbdL l;km{ cf} / l;km{ v'buh{ k|f0fL x} . cf} / s'5 eL gxL+ . k9ÞL x'O{ x/ aft ;r gxL+ xf] tL .

cf} / f] + sL tf] d} + gxL+ hfgtf, n] lsg d} + ckgL v'buhL{ s] lnP s/ La–s/ La x/ / f] h ef] n] afaf sf] d: sf df/ tf x"F . pgs] d+lb/ d] + hf s/ ckgL t;NnL s] jf: t] s'5 k"hf kf7 s/ n] tf x"F .

O;L bf} / fg s'5 lbgf] + ;] d} + b] v / xf yf, afaf ef] n] gfy cfFv] aGb s/ Wofg s/ t] / xt] x+} . h} ;] xdf/ ] ;f+;b ;bg d] + ;f] t] x'P 6LeL d] + lbvt] x} + . ef] n] kg s] rSs/ d] + d} + k"5 a} 7f– afaf, cfk tf] v'b b] jf] + s] b] j dxfb] j x} + Û lkm/ cfk ls; sf Wofg s/ t] x} , d'em] atfOP Û s'5 b] / ts tf] j] ;dflw d] + xL a} 7] / x] . g s'5 af] n] g yf] 8Þf ;f 8f] n] . d} +g] s'5 pm+rL cfjfh d] + ckgf ;jfn lkm/ b'x/ fof . ca sL af/ pgsL b] x d] + s'5 xnrn ;L x'O{ . pGxf] +g] ckg] nfn–nfn g] qf] + ;] d'em] 3"/ f . lkm/ af] n] , t"F lg/ f d"v{ xL / x uof . d} + ls; sf Wofg s¿Fuf / ] a] js"km Û d} + Ps cfw'lgs dxfo1 d] + z/ Ls xf] g] uof yf . / ft e/ ;f] gxL+ kfof, O;LlnP oxf+ a} 7f–a} 7f emksL n] / xf x"F . t'em] Sof tsnLkm x} hf efu oxfF ;] Û eujfg xf] g] d] + eL a8ÞL lbSst x} Û nf] u cf/ fd ;] ;f] g] eL gxL+ b] t] . d} +g] xfy hf] 8Þ s/ cba s] ;fy k"5f, d] / ] dflns Û cfk ls; dxfo1 sL aft s/ / x] x} + < h/ f O; r] n] sf] eL atft] tf] a8ÞL s[kf xf] tL . k|ef] Û d} + d"9Þ dlt x"F .

ef] n] z+s/ g] ckgL h6f v'hnft] x'P sxf– t'em] s'5 eL ktf gxL+, cfw'lgs dxfo1 s] af/ ] d] + < t"F cGg vftf x} ls 3f; r/ tf x} <

d} + af] nf, ;/ sf/ Û d} + lk5n] s'5 jiff] { ;] z'4 zfsfxf/ L xf] uof x"F . xf] ;stf x} , p;L ;] lbdfu s'5 sdhf] / xf] uof xf] . atfOP g ox cfw'lgs dxfo1 ls;

lrl8Þof sf gfd x} Û ox sxfF / xtL x} < cf} / Sof vftL–kLtL x} <

afaf g] ;demfg] s] d"8 d] + sxf– b] v ef] n] afaf sf ef] nf eQm Û ox dxfo1 a|fhLn gfds b] z d] + xf] / xf x} . O; dxfo1 sf gfd x} – ljZjsk km'6af‘n, @)!$ . a|fhLn s] l/ of] lb h] g] l/ of] gfds kljq e"ld d] + ox km'6af‘n sf dxfo1 w"dwfd s] ;fy ;+kGg xf] g] hf / xf x} . O; d] + uf] nf] + sL afl/ z xf] tL x} . O; afl/ z ;] dxfo1 sL cfu cf} / wwstL x} . c/ ] rkf6 r] nf, t'em] Sof atfpmF . ;f/ L b'lgofF ckg] –k/ fo] b"/ bz{g d] + lbg / ft km'6af‘n s] O; v] n sf] b] vg] sL k|lt: kwf{ d] + dug x} .

ckgf cf;g ;xh s/ t] x'P afaf af] n] – Ps aft cf} / ;'g nf] a] 6f Û aL;jL+ af/ sL ox ljZjsk km'6af‘n k|ltof] lutf

x} . O; km'6af‘n s] s'De d] n] d] + ;+;f/ s] #@ / fi6« ;xefuL xf] / x] x} + . O; ;+: s/ 0f s] r} lDkog sf] tLg ca{ #@ s/ f] 8Þ %) nfv, pk ljh] tf sf] bf] ca{ #& s/ f] 8Þ %) nfv cf} / tL;/ ] gDa/ k/ cfg] jfnL 6Ld sf] bf] ca{ gf} s/ f] 8Þ ¿ko] k'/ : sf/ ldn] uL .

afaf tf] 5'k] ? : td lgsn] . pgsf tf] km'6af‘nLo 1fg b] v s/ d} + tf] x} / fg / x uof . cfFv kmf8Þ] , d'Fx afo] pgsf] b] vtf–;'gtf / xf . d] / L x} / fgL sf] tf8Þt] x'P afaf lkm/ rfn" xf] uP– km'6af‘n sf a'vf/ d'em] eL a'/ L t/ x tafx s/ / xf x} . O; a'vf/ d] + / ft e/ gL+b gxL+ cftL cf} / lbg d] + sf] O{ sfd d] + dg gxL+ nutf . / ft–/ ft e/ hu s/ d} r b] vtf x"F cf} / lbg e/ p+m3tf / xtf x"F . Sof s/ ] + sno'u hf] x} . h} ;f o'u xf] tf x} g, xd] + eL p;L dfxf} n d] + hLgf k8Þtf x} . eujfglu/ L eL sf+6f] sf tfh x} .

O;LlnP tf] nf] u eujfg aggf gxL+ rfxt] x} + . eujfg sf] b"/ ;] xL gd: sf/ s/ t] x'P rn b] t] x} + . ;8Þtf / x] eujfg dlGb/ d] +, ckgL anf ;] Û d] / L pT;'stf cf} / a9Þ uO{ . d} +g] k"5f, k|ef] Û km'6af‘n kmLe/ -km'6af‘n sf a'vf/ _ s] af/ ] d] + d'em c1fgL sf] s'5 cf} / 1fg b] g] sL s[kf s/ ] + ef] n] gfy Û

eujfg vLem s/ km6 k8Þ] , b] v j[4 afns Û ca d'em] Hofbf t+u dt s/ . sf7df+8" d] + rf/ f] + cf] / gf} hjfg, a"9Þ] , aRr] ckgL–ckgL dgk;+b 6Ld sL h;L{ kxg s/ 3"d / x] x} + . / ft–/ ft e/ hu s/ km'6af‘n d} r b] v / x] x} +, cf} / P] z s/ / x] x} + . cf} / t" x} ls oxfF a} 7 s/ d'em] t+u s/ / xf x} . hf, 6fOd aaf{b dt s/ , sxL+ hf s/ d} r sf nfOe k|;f/ 0f b] v Û

d} +g] d: sf df/ f, k|e' hL . d} + 7x/ f gGxf d'Ggf afns . d'em] ktf gxL+ sxf Sof

lbvfof hftf x} . d} +g] tf] ;'gf

x} O;

dxfgu/ L d] + k} ;] vr{ s/ g] k/ ax't s'5 b] vg] sf] ldntf x} .

ef] n] lkm/ af] n] , km'6af‘n b] vgf xf] tf] a;+tk'/ b/ af/ : Sjfo/ , nlntk'/ sf s[i0fdlGb/ , d} tLb] jL dlGb/ , s'k08f] n sf k|m] G8; Sna, hfjnfv] n sf elgd+8n rf} s cf} / cf] 6' : kf] 6{; af/ PG8 nf‘h– t'Dx] + hxfF ;'ljwf xf] , jxfF hf s/ O; km'6af‘n dxfo1 sf bz{g s/ k'0onfe s/ ;st] xf] . ca tf] d] / f kL5f 5f] 8Þf] . hfcf] , efuf] lrks" dt agf] of/ . d] / f e] hf k|mfO{ s/ s] vfcf] u] Sof Û hNbL km"6f] oxfF ;] . d'em] yf] 8ÞL b] / ;f] g] bf] Û d] / L jhx ;] ef] n] ca tf] k s] uf] n] xf] g] jfn] y] . O;LlnP d} + eL jxf+ ;] p8Þg 5" xf] uof . cs] n] kg sf kmfobf p7ft] x'P afaf lkm/ lgb|fb] jL ;] c7v] nL s/ g] nu] . nutf x} , g] kfn d] + 8] +u" ;] eL 3fts a'vf/ km'6af‘n sf x} .

d's'Gb cfrfo{

ef] n] , s'5 P] ;] af] n] ;flxTo

g] kfnsf lxGbL sf k|yd pkGof;– æk|] d sfGtf ;GtltÆ hf] ;Djt\ !(*$ d] + agf/ ;L k|;fb vqL -agf/ ;_ åf/ f k|sflzt x'jf yf . ox ærGb| sfGtf ;GtltÆ h} ;f Ps ltn: dL pkGof; yf . ;g\ !(@& O{= d] + sf7df08" lgjf;L cfz' slj – zDe" k|;fb pofWofo åf/ f ox lnvf uof yf . ox cf7 efuf] + d] + x} . k|] d sfGtf ;Gtlt s] kZrft\ ;g\ !(%! O{= ts lxGbL d] + ls;L pkGof; / rgf sf ktf gxL+ rntf ;g\ !(%! O{= d] + lxGbL sf b";/ f pkGof; æt"kmfg ;] kxn] Æ pbo k|sfzg dlGb/ sfzL ;] ;g\ !(%@ d] + k|sfzg x'cf . O;sf n] vs Ps k|ltefzfnL t?0f ljBfyL{– k|;fb e§ yf – ox Ps ;fdflhs pkGof; yf . b'ef{Uo ;] lxGbL ;flxTo dlGb/ d] +, ckgL

jx k|yd k'ikf~hln r9fs/ xL ;bf s] lnP jx ljbf xf] uof .

O; pkGof; s] kZrft\ ;g\ !(%@ O{= d] + l;/ xf lgjf;L uf] s'n k|;fb zdf{ g] ærDkf sL v'Zfa"Æ pkGof; lnvf O;s] b";/ ] xL jif{ xL pgsf b";/ f pkGof; æpnemgÆ k|sflzt x'cf o] bf] gf] + pkGof; k|] d ;DaGwL x} +, pRrsf] l6 s] g xf] t] x'P eL g] kfn s] lxGbL pkGof; ;flxTo dlGb/ s] k|f/ lDes ;f] kfg x} .

;g\ !(%# O{ = d] + b] x/ fb"g d] + ljjflxtf sf7df08" sL / fj/ fgL k'ikf s'df/ L sf æddtfÆ pkGof; k|sflzt x'cf . ox Ps n3' ;fdflhs pkGof; yf . syf j: t' , syf] ksyg, efiff, z} nL ;eL b[li6of] + ;] ;eL pkGof;f] + ;] ox >] i7 yf . O;s] b";/ ] jif{ xL Ogsf b";/ f pkGof; æu] 6 sLk/ Æ k|sflzt x'cf ox Ps ;fdflhs– dfld{s pkGof; yf . æ ddtfÆ cf} / æu] 6 sLk/ Æ s] cltl/ Qm OGxf] + g] æ;+ulbnÆ cf} / ælkmNd : 6f/ Æ sL k|] o;L bf] cf} / pkGof; lnv] .

nueu OGxL+ lbgf] + d] + , g] kfnuGh lgjf;L aa|'jfxg g] kfn g] æphfn] sf cGwsf/ Æ zLif{s ;] Ps pkGof; sL / rgf sL . efiffPj+ z} nL bf] gf] + b[li6of] + ;] ox z'4 / xf . ;g\ !(%) d] +

a'6jn lhnfGt{ut axfb'/ uGh s: a] s] æ/ fd j/ g zdf{ g] Æ æcfFz' sL tLg a"Fb] +Æ pkGof; lnvf, ** k[i6f] + sf ox Ps 36gf k|wfg / f] dflG6s pkGof; yf Æ O;sf zLif{s cfFz' sL tLg a"Fb] + ax't pko'Qm yf . Ogsf b";/ f pkGof; æbzf/ fgLÆ Pj+ tL;/ f pkGof; æ n'lDagL pBfgÆ / xf hf] P] ltxfl;stf k/ cfwfl/ t yf . hf] ;flxTo lgs] tg a/ ] nL åf/ f ;g\ !(%* d] + k|sflzt lsof uof .

;g\ !(%^ d] + dxf] Q/ L lhnfs] wjf} nL ufFj s] lgjf;L o'u] Zj/ k|;fb jdf{ g] æ kTy/ cf} / Kof;Æ pkGof; lnvf . ;g\ !(%&– %* O{= d] + lj/ f6gu/ s] ævË gf/ fo0f bf;Æ g] qmdzM ækl/ dnÆ cf} / æo'u5fofÆ bf] pkGof; lnv] . ;g\ !(^) O{= d] + g] kfnuGh lgjf;L dxfjL/ k|;fb u'Kt g] ælxd dfgjÆ zLif{s ;] g] kfnL hLjg k/ cfwfl/ t Ps hf;";L 9+u sf pkGof; lnvf , hf] g] kfnuGh sL æcg'/ fwf Æ klqsf d] + ;Djt\ @)!* d] + wf/ fjflxs ¿k ;] k|sflzt x'cf . g] kfn d] + ;g\ !(^) O{= ts lxGbL pkGof;f] + s] ljsf; sf oxL Oltxf; k|fKo x} .

;+be{ – g] kfn s] lxGbL ;flxTosf/ zf] w u|Gy ;] .

g] kfn d] + lxGbL pkGof;f] + sf k|f/+ les ljsf;qmd

;lRrbfgGb rf}j]

306f] + d] + hf] aft k"/ L gxL+ xf] tL x} slj pGx] s'5 k+lQmof] + d] + k"/ f s/ b] tf x} . slj Clifz] if hL g] k|jf; d] + / xs/ bf] k': tsf] + sL / rgf sL x} , sljtf ;+u|x …b] z—bzfÚ tyf uhn ;+u|x …dL7f] e"nÚ . pGxf] +g] sljtf s] dfWod ;] ;Gb] z lbof x} ls ckgf b] z 5f] 6f xf] of a8Þf ax't Kof/ f xf] tf x} . k|jf; d] + / xs/ dft[e"ld sL ax't xL ofb cftL x} . j] lnvt] x} …tL vf] nf, tL gfnf, tL kfvf—kw] +/ L, tL xl/ ofnL 8fF8f, tL / d0fLo b[Zo . 5f8L dft[e"ld cfh d?e"lddf, b'O{ k} ;f x'Fb} df s] aGnf eljio .. pGxf+] g] k|jf; d] + / xs/ eL b] z sL lrGtf JoQm sL x} . g] kfn jg h+un, em/ gf, s[lif tyf kxf8Þ xL kxf8Þ sf b] z x} + . oxfF k/ / fhgLlts bn cu/ O{dfgbf/ xf] t] tf] : ju{ ;] ;'Gb/ ckgf g] kfn xf] tf . slj Clifz] if hL arkg sL aft sf] : d/ 0f s/ lnvt] x} …;fgf] 5Fbf xfdLn] k9\Yof] , xl/ of] jg g] kfnsf] wg, 7"nf] x'Fbf x] g{' k¥of] , phf8 jg kxf8 vg ..Ú pGxf] g] ox eL lnvf

x} ls …klxnf] l5d] sLn] eGg] ub] {, ;"o{ c: t g] kfn d: t, cr] n if8\oGq / Rb} u¥of] , ;"o{ pbo g] kfn ljno ..Ú

b ] z — b z f sljtf ;+u|x ^) k[i7f] + sf x} cf} / pgd] #^ sljtf ;+u|lxt x} . clwsf+z sljtf d] + b] z sL lrGtf JoQm x ' O { x} . slj Clifz] if hL g] ckg] arkg s] cWoog cWofkg ;] n] s/ k|jf; s] b'Mv kL8Þf sf j0f{g lsof x} . oxfF s] jL/ k'?if, lxdfn, kxf8Þ, dw] z t/ fO{ s] / xg–;xg, j] if e"iff cf} / g] tf s] rl/ q sf j0f{g sljtf åf/ f bz{fg] sL sf] lzz sL uO{ x} . jf: tj d] + ox sljtf ;+u|x ckg] cfk d] + ax't s'5 ;Gb] z b] tf x} . vf;s/ o'jfcf] + sf] b] z s] ljsf; s] lnP nnsf/ g] sf

k|of; lsof uof x} . jx lnvt] x} + …b] zsf] df6f] ljsf;sf] af6f] ,

gn8f} + cfk;df n8La8L, xfd|f] b] zsf] e] if clt / fd|f] ,

gu/ f} + c?sf] b] vfl;sL ..Ú …ldn] / xfdL eP/ ;fIf/ eljio cfkm\

gf] ;kfg] {5f} +, / fd / xLd, hgs, a'4, ;a} nfO{ k'gM ptfg] {5f} + .Ú

;flxTo d] + syf, ljrf/ , n] v, / rgf ;] Hofbf sl7g sljtf sf] dfgf uof x} . j} ;] eL sxt] x} + hxfF sf ;flxTo k|an xf] tf x} jx b] z, ;dfh k|a'4 Pj+ ljsf; sL cf] / xd] zf a9Þtf / xtf x} . Ps plSt x} ls cu/ ls;L b] z sf] sdhf] / s/ gf xf] tf] ;a;] kxn] p; b] z s] ;flxTo cf} / efiff sf] vTd s/ bf] . slj g] clGtd d] + ;a;] cfu|x lsof x} ls …n] lv/ x] 5' ;Dk"0f{ / rgf, x] b'lgofF k9L / dfO{lbg", ltdL klg c;dy{ eO{lbP, lrtf;Fu} d] / f] hnfO{ lbg" .

k|:t'ltM s}nfz bf;

;[li6 cfk sL b[li6 xdf/Lk': ts M b] z—bzfn] vs M Clifz] ifk|sfzsM ;xofqf k|sfzgk[i7 M ^)


sxfgL

/ ft cfwL u'h/ uO{ yL, lsGt' p;sL cfFvf] + d] + gL+b gxL+ yL .

p;sf dg s/ / xf yf ls sd/ ] sL aQL hnf b] k/ , jx P] ;f s/ gxL+ kf / xf yf Sof] +ls, p;] ktf yf ls aQL hnt] xL p;sL kTgL sL gL+b v'n hfPuL cf} / lkm/ jx vLem s/ af] n] uL cf} / cGttM p;] lkm/ aQL a'emf b] gf xf] uf .

lstgL 5f] 6L–5f] 6L aftf] + d] + o] cf} / t] + gf/ fh xf] hftL x} +, jx ;f] rtf x} .

kTgL sf] d: t lgb|f d] + ;f] P b] vs/ p;] hng xf] tL x} . hng xL gxL+, p;] ckgL kTgL s] : jefj k/ cfZro{ eL xf] tf x} . x/ aft lstgL ;xhtf ;] jx n] tL x} . jx k|foM sxtL x} , æa] sf/ sL aft sf] ;f] rs/ Sof] + ckg] –cfksf] si6 b] gf . ox ;xL gxL+ x} . cfk Sof] + 5f] 6L–5f] 6L aftf] + k/ b'vL xf] t] x} + < b'v tf] d'em] xf] gf rflxP Sof] +ls rfxL– cgrfxL aft] + tf] d'em] ;'ggL k8ÞtL x} . k/ d} + tf] Ps sfg ;] ;'gtL x"F cf} / b";/ ] ;] lgsfn b] tL x"F . lh;] hf] dg cfP af] n] d'em] k/ jfx gxL+ x} .Æ kTgL sL P] ;L aftf] + sf] ;'gs/ p;] cfZro{ xf] tf x} . lstgL cf;fgL ;] jx P] ;L aft] + af] n hftL x} d'em;] tf] gxL+ xf] tf .

p;sL kTgL rfx] p;] lstgf eL ;demf n] k/ jx ckg] dfF–lktf, l/ Zt] bf/ f] + s] aLr gfdb{ gxL+ sxnfgf rfxtf x} .

lktf agg] sL OR5f p;s] eLt/ lbg–k|lt–lbg a9ÞtL hf / xL x} . p;sL kTgL sxtL x} ls d'em] ;eL afFem sxt] x} + k/ d} + afFem gxL+ x"F . d'em] pgsL aftf] + ;] sf] O{ kms{ gxL+ k8Þtf x} .

p;sL kTgL xd] zf p;;] ;xfg'e"lt htftL x'O{ sxtL x} ls æhf] aft ;Dej gxL+ x} p;s] kL5] Sof] + k/ ] zfg xf] gf, O{Zj/ g] h} ;L lhGbuL bL x} , p;] j} ;] xL : jLsf/ s/ gf rflxP cf} / ckgf sQ{Jo s/ t] hfgf rflxP . d'em] cfk;] sf] O{ lzsfot gxL+ x} cf} / g xL d} + ckg] hLjg ;] c;+t'i6 x"F . cfkg] tf] sx xL lbof x} ls o] aft] + cfksf]

kxn] ktf gxL+ yL . O;lnP ckg] cfksf] bf] if dt bf] .Æ

kTgL lhtgf ;demftL x} p;s] eLt/ xLgtf sf af] w ptgf xL ux/ f xf] tf hftf x} . oxL jhx x} ls jx xd] zf czfGt / xtf x} .

lstgL OR5f yL ;+tfg sf d'v b] vg] sL . æd'em] tf] t'Dxf/ L h} ;L Kof/ L ;L a] 6L rflxP . a] 6L lktf sf] Hofbf Kof/ s/ tL x} .Æ zfbL s] s'5 lbgf] + afb Psf+t s] If0ff] + d] + p;g] ckgL kTgL ;] sxf yf . æn] lsg d'em] tf] cfks] h} ;f a] 6f rflxPÆ kTgL g] z/ dft] x'P sxf yf .

lstg] cR5] y] zfbL s] afb s] jf] lbg .

3/ s] ;eL ;b: o p;sL kTgL s] u'0ff] + sL tf/ Lkm s/ t] y] , jf] yL eL tf] u'0fL . ckg] Jojxf/ ;] p;g] ;eL sf dg df] x lnof yf .

;do u'h/ tf uof . jf] bf] gf] + Ps b";/ ] s] k|lt ;dlk{t y] . zfbL s] bf] jiff] {+ s] afb dfF g] kf] t] –kf] tL sL OR5f hflx/ sL . tLg jif{ aLtg] s] afb eL ha kTgL dfF gxL+ agL tf] p;] eL lrGtf xf] g] nuL . klt–kTgL bf] gf] + ldns/ : qL ljz] if1 s] oxfF uP . 8f= g] kTgL sf] hfFr s/ sxf ls sf] O{ ;d: of gxL+ x} . yf] 8Þf O+thf/ s/ f] . bf] gf] + lglZr+t xf] s/ jfk; cfP . ;do u'h/ f n] lsg jx dfF gxL+ agL . ca tf] 3/ xL gxL+ afx/ s] nf] u eL lh1f;f s/ g] nu] y] . p;s] eLt/ eL cGt'li6 g] 3/ s/ lnof . jx af/ –af/ cg] s 8fS6/ ;] ckgL kTgL sf hfFr s/ jfg] nuf . k/ ls;L g] p;sL kTgL d] + sdL gxL+ atfoL . sO{ 8fS6/ g] p;] : jo+ hfFr s/ fg] sL ;nfx bL k/ ox p;] d+h"/ gxL+ x'cf .

n] lsg afb d] + kTgL g] ;demfof ls Ps af/ cfk eL hfFr s/ f nLlhP, cu/ sf] O{ ;d: of xf] uL tf] bjf vfg] ;] 7Ls xf] hfPuL . cGt d] + jx 8fS6/ s] oxfF hfg] s] lnP / fhL x'cf . 8fS6/ g] hfFrg]

s] afb hf] sxf jx p;s] lnP c;xgLo yf . p;s] ;f/ ] ;kg] ld6 uP . kTgL g] ;demfof ls O; ;+;f/ d] + sO{ P] ;] nf] u x} + lhgsL ;+tfg gxL+ x} , lkm/ eL jf] hL / x] x} + cf} / ckgf sQ{Jo s/ / x] x} + . lsGt' kTgL s] o] zAb p;s] x[bo d] + sfF6] sL t/ x r'e / x] y] . ;+tfg hGd g n] g] sf sf/ 0f p;g] ls;L sf] gxL+ atfof k/ lg/ fzf g] p;] 3] / lnof yf . lkm/ jx tGq–dGq sL z/ 0f d] + uof . cfh p;g] ;f] g] ;] kxn] dxf/ fh s] oxfF hfg] s] lnP ckgL kTgL sf] dgfof yf . jf] s'5 gxL+ af] nL yL, a; Ps6s p;] b] vf yf . p;] nuf ls cflv/ p;] eL tf] ;+tfg sL OR5f x} O;lnP r'k xf] s/ d] / L aft dfg uO{ .

OGxL+ aftf] + sf] ;f] rt] –;f] rt] / fqL s] rf} y] k|x/ d] + p;sL cfFv] + nu uO{+ .

b";/ ] lbg b] / ts jx ;f] of yf . cflkm; hfg] ;] kxn] p;g] kTgL sf] sxf ls æcfh d} + hNbL cfpmFuf t} of/ xf] s/ / xgf .Æ

zfd d] + cfs/ jx ;Lw] ckgL dfF s] sd/ ] d] + uof cf} / sxf ædfF cfh d} + cl: dtf s] ;fy ckg] Ps ldq s] oxfF hf / xf x"F p;sL a] 6L sf hGdlbg x} . cu/ b] / xf] uO{ tf] jxL+ / x hfpmFuf cf} / sn jfk; cfpmFuf .Æ

æt'dsf] hf] dg x} jx s/ f] k/ ceL ts t'Dxf/ L kTgL : s"n ;] jfk; gxL+ cfO{ x} . sxfF uO{ x} ktf gxL+ . 3/ sf sfd eL k8Þf x'cf x} .Æ dfF gf/ fh xf] tL af] nL .

jx ckg] sd/ ] d] + uof cf} / yf] 8ÞL b] / la: t/ k/ a} 7f, n] lsg p;sf dg gxL+ nuf jx lkm/ sd/ ] ;] afx/ cfof . lsGt' p;sf dg jxfF eL gxL+ nu / xf yf . jx lkm/ ckg] sd/ ] d] + uof . cfh p;sL kTgL b] / s/ / xL x} ox ;f] r s/ p;] u': ;f eL cf / xf yf . crfgs p;sL gh/ 8] «l;+u 6] an k/ km"nbfg ;] ba] Ps sfuh k/ k8ÞL . p;g] jx sfuh p7fof cf} / jxL+ ;f] km] k/ a} 7 s/ k9Þg] nuf .

g] kfnL efiff ;] cg"lbt

dfof 7s'/L o'$

syfP+

Ps a8Þ] ;] k|ZglrXg ;] z'? lsP uP p; sfuh d] + lnvf yf=====.

====<d} + dfgtL x"F ls wd{ cf} / ;dfh s]

lgodfg';f/ d} + t'Dxf/ L kTgL x"F cf} / t'Dxf/ ] ;'v cf} / b'v d] + ;fy b] gf d] / f sQ{Jo x} . k/ klt xf] g] s] cxd\ s] ;fy xL t'dg] xd] zf ckgL OR5f sf] xL ;jf] {kl/ dfgf .

hfgtL x"F ls klt xf] g] s] gft] kTgL sf] ef] ug] sf clwsf/ ;dfh g] t'Dx] + lbof x} lsGt' t'd k'?if xf] g] sL >] i7tf ;] u|l;t dfgl;s / f] uL xf] . gf/ L s] pmk/ ckgL OR5f yf] k s/ v] t d] + hf] t] x'P ufo sL t/ x t'dg] d'em] Ozf/ f] + k/ grfgf rfxf . k/ t'Dx] + ktf xf] gf rflxP ls d} + dg'io x"F hfgj/ gxL+ . ;dfh t'Dx] + gk'+;s sx] uf, gfdb{ sx] uf O; 8/ ;] t'd xd] zf eoeLt / x] . k/ d] / ] ljrf/ ;] t'Dx] + 8/ g] sL sf] O{ h¿/ t gxL+ yL Sof] +ls ;dfh sf lgdf{0f xd s/ t] x} +, xdf/ ] ljrf/ xL ;dfh d] + b] vg] sf] ldnt] x} + . aLt] ;do d] + d} +g] t'Dxf/ L kTgL ags/ ckg] cf;kf; sL x/ rLh t'Dxf/ L gh/ ;] b] vf, cf;kf; sL Wjlg t'Dxf/ ] sfgf] + ;] ;'gf . t'Dxf/ L v'zL xL d] / L v'zL yL .

t'Dxf/ L b'a{ntf, t'Dxf/ f cw"/ fkg ;eL d} +g] cfTd;ft\ lsof . b";/ f] + sL nf+5gf cf} / s6' jrg sf] w/ tL ag s/ ;xf . ox ;a d} +g] t'Dxf/ ] lnP lsof Sof] +ls t'd d] / L dfFu sf l;Gb"/ y] . clUg sf] ;fIfL dfg s/ t'dg] d] / f xfy yfdf yf . d} +g] t'Dx] + ckgf ;j{: j dfgf k/ t'dg] k'?ifTj s] cx+sf/ ;] ba s/ d'em] xd] zf k|of] u s/ gf rfxf . P] ;L If'b| dfgl;stf cf} / ljs[t dgf] j[lQ s] ;fy : jo+ sf] sa ts 5n ;st] xf] t'd <

t'Dx] + ls; t/ x Ps ;Rrf k'?if dfg"F t'DxL ;f] rf] . t'dd] + ;+tfg k} bf s/ g] sL Ifdtf gxL+ yL o] xd bf] gf] + hfgt] y] . t'Dxf/ ] sf/ 0f d} +g] ox aft ckg] ts xL ;Lldt / vL . lhtgf xL t'd ;+tfg s] lnP 56k6ft] y] t'Dxf/ ] k|lt d] / L ;xfg'e"lt a9tL hftL yL . ox zfob t'Dxf/ ] k|lt d] / f k|] d yf, k/ cfh nutf x} ls t'd d] / ] Kof/ tf] Sof d] / ] bof s] eL kfq gxL+ xf] . t'dg] ;f] rf xf] uf ls d} + t'Dxf/ L dL7L aftf] + d] + cfs/ kmF; hfpmFuL k/ , d} + d"v{ gxL+ x"F, d} + Ps lzlIft gf/ L x"F . lktf gxL+ ag kfg] s] sf/ 0f t'Dxf/ ] cGb/ eofgs cGtå{Gw rn / xf yf . zfob ckgL kTgL s] ;fdg] xL t'd ckg] –cfksf] k/ flht ;demg] nu] y] , O;lnP ckgL OR5f sL k"lt{ x] t' 5n–sk6 ts s/ g] nu] . p; lbg ha t'dg]

?cfF;f xf] s/ d'em] ls;L ;fw' dxf/ fh s] oxfF hfg] s] lnP sxf yf tf] d} +g] : ki6 sxf yf ls d'em] Og ;f/ L aftf] + d] + ljZjf; gxL+ x} . k/ t'Dxf/ L lhb s] sf/ 0f d} + hfg] s] lnP t} of/ xf] uO{ yL . t'd bf] lbg ts nuftf/ d'em] n] s/ p; ;fw' s] oxfF uP . p; ;Gof;L s] sd/ ] d] + bf] tLg ld§L s] bLP hn / x] y] . p;L s] d4d k|sfz d] + p;g] xfy d] + s'5 cIft cf} / km"n n] s/ d] / ] ;/ ;] k} / ts d'em] 5'cf yf cf} / t'd jxL+ a} 7] b] v / x] y] . Ps af/ tf] jx ;fw' d] / ] k} / f] + d] + l;Gb"/ nuft] cf} / d+q k9Þt] x'P d] / ] k} / xL ;xnfg] nuf yf . d} +g] p;s] Jojxf/ ;] If'Aw xf] s/ ckg] k} / vL+r lnP y] cf} / lt/ : sf/ k"0f{ gh/ f] + ;] p;] b] vf yf . ;r sxtL x"F p;L Ps If0f d] + d} +g] p; ;fw' sL s'l6n d': sfg cf} / nf] n'ktf sf] efFk lnof yf . p; / ft jxfF ;] nf} 6t] x'P d} +g] : ki6 ¿k d] + t'Dx] + ;f/ L aft] + atfO{ yL . k|ltpQ/ d] + t'dg] d'em] xL z+sfn' sxs/ ckgL gf/ fhuL htfO{ yL . tL;/ L / ft eL t'dg] ;fw' s] oxfF hfg] sL aft sxL yL k/ d} +g] dgf s/ lbof yf, k/ t'dg] cg'go–ljgo s/ s] sxf ls l;km{ cfh e/ rnf] afb d] + ;f] r] +u] . cGt d] + t'Dxf/ L lhb s] cfu] d} = em's uO{ cf} / ;fw' s] oxfF hfg] s] lnP t} of/ xf] uO{, t'dg] sO{ pbfx/ 0f lbP ls pgsL s[kf ;] sOof] + sf] ;+tfg nfe x'cf x} . d} + t'Dxf/ ] cGwljZjf; sf] tf] 8Þgf rfxtL yL . d} + cR5L t/ x hfgtL yL ls P] ;] 9f] +uL ;fw' s] d+q ;] aRrf gxL+ xf] g] jfnf x} O;lnP d} + t'Dxf/ ] ;fy hfg] sf] t} of/ xf] uO{ .

p; lbg p; ;fw' s] oxfF ha xd uP tf] zfd xf] uO{ yL . jx ;fw' km"n cIft n] s/ xdf/ f O+thf/ s/ / xf yf . xdf/ ] kx'Frg] s] ;fy ;fw' g] t'd;] sxf ls afhf/ ;] b"w ld7fO{ cflb n] s/ cfcf] . d} + eL t'Dxf/ ] ;fy hfgf rfxtL yL n] lsg t'dg] dgf s/ lbof .

æcfk oxfF cfs/ cf;g k/ a} l7P, d} + k"hf z'? s/ tf x"F .Æ ;fw' g] d'em;] sxf . gxL+ rfxt] x'P eL d} + p;s] atfP cf;g k/ hfs/ a} 7 uO{ .

ld§L sf lbof hn / xf yf, w"k cu/ aQL sL v'za' ;] sd/ f e/ f x'cf yf . p; ;fw' g] xfy d] + km"n cIft n] s/ d] / L cf] / p;L s'l6n d': sfg s] ;fy b] vf cf} / ckgf xfy d] / ] ;/ ;] k} / ts 3'dfg] nuf . ox ;a d'em] laNs'n cR5f gxL+ nu / xf yf .

p;g] sxf, æt'Dx] + ;+tfg rflxP < lh;s] ;+tfg gxL+ xf] tL p;] ;dfh d] + ;eL lt/ : sf/ s/ t] x} . lrGtf dt s/ f]

;a 7Ls xf] hfPuf .Æ d} + r'krfk t'Dxf/ f O+thf/ s/ tL / xL .

ænf] ox cs{ Ps ;fF; d] + kL hfcf] .Æ p;g] d] / L cf] / Ps s6f] / f a9fof . d} +g] p;sL gLot sf] efFk lnof yf d'em] nuf ls s'5 unt xf] g] jfnf x} . d} +g] p;s] xfy k/ hf] / ;] df/ f, s6f] / f p;s] xfy ;] lu/ uof .

æ8flsg cf} / t t'dg] b] jL s] k|;fb sf ckdfg lsof x} , t'Dx] +=== .Æ sxtf x'cf jx d] / L cf] / a9Þf . d} = p;;] arg] s] lnP b/ jfh] sL cf] / efuL n] lsg cfZro{ b/ jfhf tf] afx/ ;] aGb yf . crfgs b/ jfhf v'nf cf} / t'd eLt/ cfP .

æckgL kTgL sf] ;demfcf] , cu/ p;] ;+tfg hGdfg] sL OR5f x} tf] ox ;a gf6s s/ g] sL cfjZostf gxL+ x} . ;+tfg kfg] s] lnP t'd h} ;] oxfF ax't cft] x} + .Æ p; ;fw' g] u': ;] ;] sxf .

p; / ft nf} 6t] x'P d} + ;f/ ] / f: t] t'd;] p; ;fw' s] v/ fa gLot s] af/ ] d] + aft s/ tL / xL k/ t'd r'krfk d] / L aft ;'gt] x'P d] / ] ;fy rn / x] y] . p; / ft t'dg] hf] nHhf: kb k|: tfj d] / ] ;fdg] / vf p;] ;'gs/ d} + x} / fg yL . ;+;f/ s] ;fdg] ckg] kf} ?ifTj sf] agfP / vg] s] lnP cf} / ckgL bldt OR5f sL k"lt{ s] lnP t'd ckgL kTgL sf] u} / k'?if s] cfu] ;dlk{t s/ g] s] lnP t} of/ y] .

d} + kxn] xL sx r'sL x"F ls klt xf] g] s] gft] t'Dx] + kTgL sf] ef] ug] sf clwsf/ ;dfh g] lbof x} k/ ckgL OR5f sL k"lt{ x] t' ckgL kTgL of ls;L eL : qL sf] k/ k'?if s] cfu] k/ f] ;g] sf clwsf/ gxL+ lbof x} . cf} / cu/ P] ;f s/ t] xf] tf] t'd gf/ L b] x sf Jofkf/ s/ g] jfn] bnfn xf] cf} / P] ;f JolSt kTgL tf] Sof ckgL dfF sf eL ;f} bf s/ ;stf x} . lwSsf/ x} t'Dx] +, t'd tf] k'?if s] gfd k/ sn+s xf] .

cfh ;'ax cflkm; hft] x'P t'd ax't v'z y] t'Dx] + nuf xf] uf ls d} + t'Dxf/ ] hfn d] + kmF; uO{ . k/ ox t'Dxf/ f e|d dfq x} . ha zfd d] + t'd 3/ nf} 6f] u] tf] d] / f ox kq t'Dxf/ L ;f/ L of] hgf sf] tx; gx; s/ b] uf . d} + hfgtL x"F ls t'Dx] + cf3ft nu] uf, t'd hL e/ s/ d'em] sf] ;f] u] , d'em;] abnf n] g] sf eL k|0f s/ f] u] , k/ Gt' d'em] Og ;f/ L aftf] + ;] sf] O{ kms{ gxL+ k8Þg] jfnf . d} + tf] ;dfh s] ;fdg] t'Dxf/ f c;nL r] x/ f nfpmFuL . d'em] ljZjf; x} ls d] / ] k|f/ De lsP uP O; o'4 d] + d} + k/ flht gxL+ xf] pmFuL .

;fef/ …ul/ dfÚ -!*,(,@)%&_ ;] .


sljtfP+

s';L{=== l;km{ s';L{

cof] Wofgfy rf} w/ L

Psjf/ ;Qf sf : jfb Sof rvfcj tf] dha""/ xf] uPs';L{ s] cnfjf s'5 eL gxL+cf} / t s] Kof/ h} ;fz/ fj sL r': sL h} ;Llbdfu k/ hf] c;/ s/ uofSof dtnj < b] z hxfF eL hfo Û ;xdlt vf] hgf tf] s] jn : jf+u x} oxfF tf] c;xdlt vf] h / x] x+} nf] utfls : yfoL zf;g lsof hf ;s] s';L{ uoL tf] ;Qf uoLpGx] + cR5L t/ x dfn"d x} lkm/ cfbdL bf] sf} 8ÞL sf / x hftf x} Sof dtnj < b] z sxL eL hfo Û bf] sf} 8ÞL sf cfbdL aggfenf ls;] k;+b x} cfx Û kh] / f] sL ;} / ÛÛcfx Û x'lSdot ÛÛcfx Û a8Luf8{ sf ;flGgWo ÛÛcfx Û bDe ;] jft] + s/ gf ÛÛkL=P= cf} / gf} s/ f] + sL e/ df/ ÛSof dtnj < b] z sf gfdf] lgzfg ld6 hfo Û ckgL kf6L{ s] l;jf cf} / s'5 gxLckgL xL kf6L{ ljlzi6 x} s] jn ckgL kf6L{ s] nf] u ljlzi6 x} +s] jn j] xL / fHo rnf ;st] x} +lj/ f] wL bn d] + j} 7gf xLgtf–jf] w x} O;lnP, åGå j/ s/ f/ / x] c;xdlt Hof] + sf Tof] + / x] cf} / Sof dtnj < b] z e+f8Þ d] + hfP Û

hgsk'/

h'd{k/ dfgGb ld> ‘/ f} zg’

j] xd] + lh+bf b] vgf gxL+ rfxt] j] rfxt] x+} xd, xd g / x] +pgs] cfu] ;dk{0f s/ ] +j] d'em] ks8Þg] s] lnP hf/ L s/ t] x} Ogfdtfls a] r ;s] sf] O{ckgf O{dfgd] / L ;"rgf b] ;s] ckgL tsbL/ abn ;s] . j] df/ g] s] lnP d'em] ls;L ;] xfy ldnf ;st] x} +s'5 eL s/ ;st] x} +j] df] ;fb s/ ;st] x} + . j] df] ;fb ;] dGq0ff n] / x] x} +tf] kwf/ L x] lnsf] K6/ d+uf / x] x} +j] d+uf / x] x} + tfk lgo+lqt pks/ 0fn] h/ , b"/ L dfks oGqtfls gL+b d] + xd] + ;'nf ;s+] sf/ kf] / ] 6 3/ fgf] sL vflt/ ;'/ lIft If] q agf ;s] + .j] xd sf] cj/ f] ws dfgt] x} +O;s] l;jf d] / ] af/ ] d] +s'5 gxL+ hfgt] x+} .n"6 tf] n"6 xL x} rfx] b] zL xf] of ljb] zLj] ku–ku k/ n'6] / f] + ;] xfy ldnft] x} +cf} / xd sf] b] zb|f] xL atft] x} +Gofo sL cf} krfl/ stfcf] + s] lagfxd] + df/ b] t] x} +h'd{ dfcf] jfbL xf] gf atft] x} +Sof] +ls xd b] z sL cf+tl/ s ;'/ Iff s] lnP vt/ f x} +P] ;f j] sxt] x} + .

u|fd ;tnvf, dw'agL -laxf/ , ef/ t_

clglZrt eljio

eLdgf/ fo0f >] i7

pGx] cf} / pgs] rdrf] + sf] eL d} + xd] zf ;fb/ clejfbg s/ tf yfSof] +ls d] / ] O; ;'Gb/ b] z s] ;'gxn] ;kg] pg;] xL k"/ ] xf] +u] P] ;f ef] nf–efnf ljZjf; s/ tfd] / ] k'/ vf] + s] ;kg] OGxL+ dxfzof] + s] xfyf] +;r xf] uf O;L dL7] e/ d d] +s'Q] ;"c/ cf} / uw] sf] eLxflb{s gd: sf/ s/ tfSof ktf O; e] if d] + sf] O{g] tf xL 5'kf xf] P] ;f ;f] r s/ 8Þ/ tf ÛseL sef/ tf] v'b k/ vkmf eL xf] tfcf} / ;f] rtfOg ljZjf;3fltof] + ;] tf] j] ;"c/ , uw] , s'Q] xf] t] x} + lstg] cR5] o] dfGo g] tfcf] + sL t/ xb] z 3fts a] O{dfg tf] gxL+ Ûckg] dflns sL ;] jf s/ t] x} +pg;] d"+5 P+] 7 s/ gxL+ tgt] Ûdu/ ca tf] ;f/ ] ;kg] r"/ –r"/ xf] r's] Og ;] ca sf] O{ pDdLb gxL+ arLhL s/ tf x} OGx] kfun s'Q] sL t/ xkTy/ df/ –df/ vTd s/ b] +h} ;] Og nf] uf] + g] hgtf s] ;f/ ] ;kg] vTd s/ g] s] lnP/ fhg} lts gf} 6+sL / rL Û

zf]l0ftk'/, yfgsf]6

lxGbL ?kfGt/ M d

's'Gb c

frfo{

zAb, ox ;xL x} , ;a Joy{ x} +k/ O;LlnP ls zAbftLt s'5 cy{ x} + .zfob s] jn Otgf xLM hf] bb{ x} ox a8Þf x} , d'em;] xL ;xf gxL+ uof .teL tf] , hf] ceL cf} / / xf, jx sxf gxL+ uof .

–c1] o;+sngM d

's'Gb

cfr

fo{ ofbf] + s] em/ f] v] ;]

cWofTd

ef/ t s] w/ fwfd k/ >L/ fds[i0f k/ dx+; Pj+ : jfdL ljj] sfgGb

sf cjt/ 0f Ps cb\e't, cg'kd Pj+ clåtLo 36gf x} . >L/ fds[i0f k/ dx+; åf/ f ;fwgfk"j{s wd{ sL hf] cge"ltofF k|fKt sL uO{ yL, pgsf] Jofjxfl/ s l;4fGtf] + sf hfdf kxgfg] sf sfo{ : jfdL ljj] sfgGb åf/ f lsof uof . 8f= / fdwf/ L l;+x lbgs/ g] Ps : yfg k/ lnvf x} ls / fds[i0f cf} / ljj] sfgGb Ps xL hLjg s] bf] c+z, Ps xL ;To s] bf] kIf x} + . / fds[i0f cg'e"lt y] , ljj] sfgGb pgsL JofVof ags/ cfP . / fds[i0f bz{g y] , ljj] sfgGb g] pgs] lqmof kIfsf cfVofg lsof . olb / fds[i0f lxGb" wd{ s] sd08n d] + aGb u+uf y] tf] ljj] sfgGb O; u+uf s] euL/ y x'P . O;] / fds[i0f s] sd08n ;] lgsfn s/ pGxf] +g] ;f/ ] ljZj d] + km} nf lbof .

!@ hgj/ L, ;g\ !*^# O{= sf] lbJo lje"lt : jfdL ljj] sfgGb -g/ ] Gb|bQ_ sf hGd sf] nsftf d] + x'cf . pgs] lktf sf gfd ljZjgfy tyf dftf sf gfd e'jg] Zj/ L yf .

pgsL dxf;dflw $ h'nfO{ ;g\ !()@ O{= sf] x'O{ . j] dfq #( jif{ % dfx cf} / @$ lbg O; w/ fwfd k/ / x] . O; cNkcjlw d] + pGxf] +g] / fi6«pTyfg, k'ghf{u/ 0f tyf ef/ tLo ;+: s[lt sL, ljZj e/ d] + kxrfg : yflkt s/ g] , ef/ t sL ;f] O{ x'O{ o'jfzlQm Pj+ pmhf{ sf] ckg] wd{

;] kl/ lrt s/ fg] , ef/ t s] k|lt uf} / j Pj+ eljio s] k|lt cf: yf pTkGg s/ g] cflb sf hf] dxfg\ sfo{ lsof, jx xhf/ f] + jiff] { ts eL ;Dej gxL+ yf . pgs] ;d"r] hLjg sf Ps–Ps kn ef/ t s] gjlgdf{0f, b] z elQm sL efjgf hfu|t s/ g] cf} / wd{ sL ;xL JofVof d] + JotLt x'cf .

: jfdL ljj] sfgGb s] cg';f/ sd{ s/ gf xL pkf;gf s/ gf x} . : jo+ hLjg xL wd{ x} . sd{, 1fg elQm ;] cnu gxL+, a/ g\ pGx] + cleJoQm s/ g] jfnf pgs] lnP sf/ vfgf, cWoogsIf, v] t cf} / v] n s] d} bfg cflb eujfg s] ;fIffTsf/ s] j} ;] xL pQd tyf of] Uo : yfg x} +, h} ;] ;fw' sL s'6L of dlGb/ sf åf/ . pgs] lnP dfgj sL ;] jf cf} / O{Zj/ sL k"hf, kf} ?if tyf >4f, ;Rr] g} lts an cf} / cfWoflTdstf d] + sf] O{ cGt/ gxL+ x} . Ps af/ pGxf] +g] sxf yf– snf, lj1fg Pj+ wd{ Ps xL ;To sL cleJolQm s] ljleGg dfWod x} + .

: jfdL ljj] sfgGb s] sO{ p2] Zo y] . pGxf] g] ef/ t s] sf] g] –sf] g] d] + e|d0f s/ s] ef/ t sL hgtf sL Joyf–syf s] k|ToIf bz{g lsP, p;s] b'Mv, bb{ sf] ;demf tyf p;sL dfgl;stf ;] kl/ lrt x'P . cflbz+s/ frfo{ s] jfb sGofs'df/ L ;] sZdL/ ts ;f/ ] ef/ t d] + ;jf{lws e|d0f s/ g] jfn] tyf b] zjfl;of] +

sL l: ylt sf cWoog s/ g] jfn] : jfdL ljj] sfgGb xL y] . pGxf] +g] ox cg'ej lsof ls ;a;] a8Þf sfd wd{ sL k'gM : yfkgf s/ gf x} . a'l4jfbL dg'iof] + sL >4f wd{ k/ ;] s] jn ef/ t d] + gxL+, clkt' ;eL b] zf] + d] + lxntL hf / xL yL . ctM ox cfjZos ;demf uof

ls wd{ sL P] ;L JofVof k|: t't sL hfP, hf] clegj xf] , dg'io sf] u|fXo xf] cf} / hf] p;s] ljho–dfu{ d] + afwf gxL+ 8fn] . b";/ f sfd lxGb" wd{ k/ , sd ;] sd lxGb'cf] + sL >4f sfod / vgf yf ls+t' lxGb" o"/ f] k ;] sfkmL k|efljt xf] r's] y] cf} / ckg] wd{ Pj+ Oltxf; k/ eL j] ta ts ljZjf; s/ g] sf] t} of/ g y] , ha ts o"/ f] k s] nf] u pgsL k|z+;f gxL+ s/ ] . tL;/ f sfd ef/ tjfl;of] + d] + cfTduf} / j sL efjgf sf] k|] l/ t s/ gf yf, pGx] + ckgL ;+: s[lt, Oltxf; cf} / cfWoflTds k/ Dk/ fcf] + s] ;'of] Uo pQ/ flwsf/ L aggf yf . Og tLg sfof] {+ sf] : jfdL ljj] sfgGb g] ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg lsof .

pgs] ljifo d] + ljZjslj / jLGb|gfy 6} uf] / sf ox syg ;dLrLg x} ls …olb sf] O{ ef/ t sf] ;demgf rfxtf x} tf] p;] ljj] sfgGb sf] k9Þgf rflxP . g] tf hL ;'efifrGb| jf] ; s] zAbf] + d] + : jfdL ljj] sfgGb sf wd{ / fi6«Lotf sf] pQ] hgf b] g] jfnf wd{ yf . goL kL9ÞL s] nf] uf] + d] + pGxf] +g] ef/ t s] k|lt elQm eljio s] k|lt cf: yf pTkGg sL . pgs] pb\uf/ f] + ;] nf] uf] + d] + cfTdlge{/ tf cf} / : jfledfg s] efj hu] x} + .

!! l;tDa/ !*(# sf] lzsfuf] s] cf6{ OG: 6LRo'6 sf sf] nDa; xf‘n &))) nf] uf] + ;] vrfvr e/ f yf . jxfF : jfdL ljj] sfgGb sf P] ltxfl;s efif0f x'cf, hf] cfh eL ljZj sL w/ f] x/ s] ¿k d] + hfgf hftf x} . O;

/jLGb| emf ‘z+s/’

;+t–rl/ t

: jfdL ljj] sfgGb

: jfdL ljj] sfgGb s] cg';f/ sd{ s/ gf xL pkf;gf s/ gf x} . : jo+ hLjg xL wd{ x} . sd{, 1fg elQm ;] cnu gxL+, a/ g\ pGx] + cleJoQm s/ g] jfnf pgs] lnP sf/ vfgf, cWoogsIf, v] t cf} / v] n s]

d} bfg cflb eujfg s] ;fIffTsf/ s] j} ;] xL pQd tyf of] Uo : yfg x} +, h} ;] ;fw' sL s'6L of dlGb/ sf åf/ .


cWofTd

efif0f s] ;Daf] wgsf/ L jfSof+z …l;: 6;{ P08 a|b;{ cf‘km cd] l/ sfÚ ;'gs/ ;eL nf] u s'l;{of] + k/ v8Þ] xf] uP . ljB't t/ +uf] sf ;f k|efj dxf;fu/ d] + pkl: yt hg ;d"x k/ x'cf . tflnof] + sL u8Þu8Þfx6 ;] ;efd08n u"+h p7f . ef/ tLo ;+: s[lt sL …j;'w} j s'6'DasdÚ sL cjwf/ 0ff ;] pkl: yt >f] tfcf] + sf kl/ ro x'cf . j} lZjs kl/ jf/ s] ljrf/ sL cfwf/ lznf ox jfSof+z xL yf, lh; g] ;eL aGw'cf] + k/ r'DasLo k|efj 8fnf . : jfdL ljj] sfgGb g] ckg] JofVofg d] + sxf– …d} + Ps P] ;] wd{ sf cg'ofoL xf] g] d] + uj{ sf cg'ej s/ tf x"F, lh; g] ;+;f/ sf] ;lxi0f'tf tyf ;fj{ef} d ;+: s[lt bf] gf] + sL lzIff bL x} . xd nf] u ;a wd{ s] k|lt ;lxi0f'tf d] + xL ljZjf; s/ t] x} , ;a wdf] { sf] ;Rrf dfg s/ : jLsf/ s/ t] x} + . d'em] Ps P] ;] b] z sf JolQm xf] g] sf 3d08 x} , lh;g] O; k[YjL s] ;d: t wdf] { cf} / b] zf] s] pTkLl8tf] + tyf z/ 0ffly{of] + sf] cf>o lbof x} . d'em] cfk sf] ox atnft] x'P uj{ x} ls xdg] ckg] kIf d] + ox"lbof] + s] ljz'4td cjlzi6 c+z sf] : yfg lbof yf . lhGxf] g] blIf0f ef/ t cfs/ p;L jif{ z/ 0f nL yL . lh; jif{ pgsf kljq dlGb/ / f] dg hflt s] cTofrf/ ;] w"n d] + ldnf lbof uof . yf . P] ;] wd{ sf cg'ofoL xf] g] d] + d} + uf} / jflGjt cg'ej s/ tf x"F . lh;g] dxfg h/ y'i6« hflt s] cjlzi6 j+z sf] z/ 0f bL cf} / lh; sf kfng jx ca ts s/ / xf x} . efOof] Û d} + cfk nf] uf] + sf] Ps : tf] q sL s'5 k+lQmofF ;'gftf x"F, lh;sL cfj[lQ d} + jrkg ;] s/ / xf x"F cf} / lh;sL cfj[lQ k|ltlbg nfvf] + dg'io lsof s/ t] x} + .

?rLgf+ j} lrœofb[h's'l6ngfgfkyh'iffd\ .g[0ffd] sf] uDo: Tjdl; ko;fd0lj Oj .h} ;] ljleGg glbofF leGg–leGg ;|f] tf] + ;] lgsn s/ ;d'b| d] +

ldn hftL x} +, p;L k|sf/ x] k|ef] Û leGg–leGg ?lr s] cg';f/ ljleGg 6] 9Þ] –d] 9Þ] cyjf ;Lw] / f: t] ;] hfg] jfn] nf] u cGt d] + t'em d] + xL cfs/ ldn hft] x} + . ox ;ef, hf] ceL ts cfof] lht ;j{>] i7 kljq ;Dd] ngf] + d] + ;] Ps x} . : jtM >Ldb\eujt\ uLtf s] O; cb\e't pkb] z sf k|ltkfbg Pj+ hut s] k|lt p;sL 3f] if0ff x} –

o] oyf df+ k|kb\oGt] tf+:ty} j ehfDoxd\ .dd jTdf{g'jt{Gt] dg'iofM kfy{ ;j{zM -$.!!_ .hf] d] / L cf] / cftf x} – rfx] jx ls;L eL k|sf/ ;] xf] – d} p;

sf] k|fKt xf] tf x"F . nf] u leGg–leGg dfu{ åf/ f k|oTg s/ t] x'P cGt d] + d] / L xL cf] / cft] x} + . ;fDk|bflostf, x7wld{tf cf} / pgsL jLeT; wdf{Gwtf O; ;'Gb/ k[YjL k/ ax't ;do ts / fHo s/ r'sL x} . jx k[YjL sf] lx+;f ;] e/ tL / xL x} . p; sf] af/ –af/ dfjgtf s] / Qm ;] gxnftL / xL x} . ;Eotfcf] + sf] ljWj: t s/ tL cf} / k"/ ] –k"/ ] b] zf] + sf] lg/ fzf s] ut{ d] + 8fntL / xL x} . olb o] jLeT; bfgjtf g xf] tL tf] dfgj ;dfh cfh sL cj: yf ;] sxL+ clws pGgt xf] uof xf] tf . k/ ca pgsf ;do cf uof x} , cf} / d} + cfGtl/ s ¿k ;] cfzf s/ tf x" ls cfh ;'ax O; ;ef s] ;Ddfg d] + hf] 306f WjgL x'O{ x} , jx ;d: t wdf{Gwtf sf, tnjf/ of n] vgL s] åf/ f xf] g] jfn] ;eL pTkL8Þgf] sf tyf Ps xL nIo sL cf] / cu|;/ xf] g] jfn] dfgjf] + sL kf/ : kl/ s s6'tfcf] + sf d[To'lgbfg l;4 xf] .

O;s] jfb !%, !(, @^ tyf @& l;tDa/ , ;g\ !*(# O{= sf] : jfdL ljj] sfgGb s] dxTjk"0f{ efif0f ljZjwd{–dxf;ef d] + x'P . tbgGt/ cd] l/ sf tyf o"/ f] k s] ljleGg gu/ f] + d] + ;} s8Þf] + efif0ff] + s] cfof] hg xf] t] / x] . : jfdL ljj] sfgGb g] Ps of] 4f ;Gof;L s] ¿k d] + ;f/ ] ljZj d] + ckgL ck|ltd ljåQf sf] l;4 s/ lbof .

k|f] = j} / f] h sf] k|f] = / fO6g] : JffdL ljj] sfgGb sf] ljZj wd{–dxf;ef d] + JofVofg b] g] sL l;kmfl/ ; : j¿k hf] kq lnvf yf, p;sL jx aft zt–k|ltzt l;4 x'O{– ;f/ ] cd] l/ sf s] ;eL k|f] km] ;/ f] + sL ljåQf Ps t/ km cf} / O; JolQm sL ljåQf Ps t/ km tf] eL xd Ogs] a/ fa/

gxL+ xf] kfPFu] , s[kof OGx] wd{;ef d] + efu n] g] sL cg'dlt k|bfg s/ ] + .: jfdL ljj] sfgGb rf/ jif{ ts leGg–leGg b] zf] + d] + JofVofg b] t]

/ x] . !% km/ j/ L, !*(& sf] j] : jb] z nf} 6] , ef/ t s] w/ fwfd k/ cft] xL ef/ t dftf s] r/ 0ff] + d] + pGxf] +g] b08jt\ k|0ffd lsof tyf dft[e"ld sL kljq / h sf] d: ts k/ nufof . dfF sL kfjg df6L ;] ckg] ckljq z/ L/ sf] kljq lsof cf} / sxf, …dfF Û d] / L ckljqtf gi6 s/ bf] , t'd;] b"/ / x s/ ox z/ L/ ckljq xf] uof yf, cfh t'Dxf/ L uf] b d] + d'em] zflGt ldn / xL x} .Ú

: jfdL ljsf] gGb g] ;] gfklt sL t/ x ckg] cleofg sL of] hgf ;demft] x'P ckg] hgf] + sf] Psh'6 xf] s/ p7 v8Þ] xf] g] s] lnP k'sf/ f– plti7t, hfu|t, k|fKo j/ flGgjf] wt . pGxf] +g] sxf– d] / L of] hgf x} ls ef/ t d] + P] ;L ;+: yfPF xf+] , hf] xdf/ ] zf: qf] + s] ;To sf] b] z–b] zfGt/ d] + k|;fl/ t s/ g] s] lnP gjo'jsf] + sf] k|lzlIft s/ ] . d'em] dg'io rflxP cf} / ;a s'5 tf] ldn hfPuf . k/ Gt' d'em] anjfg, pT;fxL, ljZjf;L ;Rr] gj o'js rflxP . P] ;] ;f} gjo'js ;+;f/ d] + qmflGt nf b] u] . ;+sNk ;a;] a8ÞL rLh x} . jx ;j{hoL x} M Sof] +ls jx O{Zj/ sL b] g x} . z'4 b[9Þ ;+sNk ;j{zlQmdfg x} .

ox Ps ;j{dfGo tYo x} ls ljj] sfgGb cfw'lgs dfgj s] cfbz{ k|ltlglw x} + . ljz] ifs/ ef/ tLo o'jsf] + s] lnP : jfdL ljj] sfgGb ;] a9Þ s/ b";/ f sf] O{ g] tf gxL+ xf] ;stf . >L db\eujb\uLtf sL ox jf0fL …jf;'b] jM ;j{ldlt ;dxfTdf ;'b'n{eMÚ : jfdL ljj] sfgGb k/ cIf/ zM nfu" xf] tL x} . P] ;L lbJo lje"lt sf cjt/ 0f ef/ t d] + xf] gf Ps ce"tk"j{ 36gf x} . elugL lqml: tg sf ox syg / ] vf+lst s/ g] of] Uo x} +– …wGo x} jx b] z, lh;g] pg sf] hGd lbof x} , wGo x} + j] dg'io, hf] p; ;do O; k[YjL k/ hLljt y] , cf} / wGo x} + j] s'5 nf] u, lhGx] + pgs] r/ 0ff] + d] + a} 7g] sf ;f} efUo ldnf .Ú

dxd"b cfnd vfg÷g]kfnu+h

/ dhfg sL ?xfgL rds ;] b'lgof Ps af/ lkm/ / f] zg xf] r'sL x} . lkmhf d] + 3'ntL chÞfg cf} / b'cfcf] + d] + p7t] nfvf] + xfy v'bf ;] d'xAat s] hHÞa] sf] lzb\bt ;] dfFu / x] x} + . x/ a+b] sf] cNnfx s] s/ La nfg] sf df} sf b] g] jfnf kfs dxLgf x} / dhfg . O+;fg s] cGb/ lh: d cf} / ?x xf] t] x} + . cfd lbgf] + d] + p;sf k"/ f Wofg vfgf–kLgf cf} / cGo lh: dfgL h?/ tf] + k/ / xtf x} . n] lsg O+;fg sL c;n rLh p;sL ?x xf] tL x} . O;L sL t/ laot cf} / kfsLhÞuL s] lnP cNnfx g] / dhfg agfof x} . O; k"/ ] dfx sf] tLg cz/ f] + d] + afF6f uof x} . kxnf cz/ f …/ xdtÚ sf x} , O;d] + cNnfx ckg] aGbf] + k/ / xdt sL bf} nt n'6ftf x} . b";/ f cz/ f …a/ stÚ sf x} , lh;d] + v'bf a/ st gflhn s/ tf x} . tL;/ f …dulkm/ tÚ sf x} . O; cz/ ] d] + cNnfx ckg] aGbf] + sf] u'gfx ;] dfkm s/ b] tf x} .

/ dhfg sf dxLgf k"/ ] #) lbgf] + sf of seL–seL @( lbgf] + sf eL xf] tf x} . k|To] s jif{ O: nfd s} n] 08/ s] cg';f/ lxh/ L ;+jt s] gj] + dxLg] d] + dxLgf e/ ljZj e/ s] aflnu d';ndfg / f] hf / vt] x} + . k|To] s jif{ cfg] jfn] O; dxLg] sf] …zfafgÚ sxt] x} + cf} / zfafg dxLg] s] clGtd lbg ;"of{: t s] afb klZrd cfsfz d] + rGb|df pbo xf] g] s] ;fy / dhfg dxLg] sL z'?cft xf] tL x} . O;L s] ;fy / f] hf z'? xf] tf x} . O: nfd bz{g s] cg';f/ O; kljq dxLg] d] + / f] hf / vg] ;] d[To'-clv/ t_ s] afb hxGg'd s] k|efj ;] O+;fg ;'/ lIft / xtf x} . ;eL kfkf] + sf ljgfz xf] tf x} cf} / k|folZrt sf dfu{

v'ntf x} . / dhfg s] k"/ ] dxLg] ;"of] {bo ;] kxn] ;x/ L vfs/ / f] h] s] z'?cft xf] tL x} . k"/ ] lbg s'5 eL vfgf–kLgf gxL+ xf] tf x} . O; k"/ ] cjlw d] + of} g ;Dks{ eL jlh{t xf] tf x} . ;"of{: t s] afb lgwf{l/ t ;do k/

kmn, ;] jO{ cflb vfs/ / f] hf vf] nf hftf x} . O;] Okm\tf/ L sxt] x} + . k|foM Okm\tf/ L s] ;do d] + ;eL ldns/ Ps xL b: t/ vfg k/ Ps ;fy ckgf / f] hf vf] nt] x} + . j} ;] tf] O: nfd d] + k|ltlbg xL kfFr af/ gdfh k9Þs/ Oafbt sL hftL x} lsGt' / dhfg s] dxLg] d] + lglZrt ¿k ;] kfFr af/ gdfh k9Þgf xL xf] tf x} . O;s] cnfjf / flq cf7 ah] s] afb dl: hb d] + hdf xf] s/ t/ fljx-ljz] if gdfh_ k9Þt] x} + . t/ fljx d] + kljq u|Gy s'/ fg sL cfot] + k9ÞL hftL x} + .

/ xdt cf} / a/ st ;] e/ ] / dhfg s] O; dxLg] d] + df] ldgf] + sf] cNnfx ;] Kof/ cf} / nug hflx/ s/ g] s] ;fy v'b sf] v'bf s] / fx sL ;Vt s;f} 6L k/ s;g] sf df} sf ldntf x} . lbNnL s] hfdf dl: hb s] zfxL Odfd df} nfgf a'vf/ L sxt] x} + ls, …ox dxLgf sO{ dfogf] + d] + cnu cf} / vf; x} . O;L dxLg] cNnfx g] b'lgof d] + s'/ fg z/ Lkm sf] ptf/ f yf . lh;;] nf] uf] + sf] ONd cf} / txhLa sL / f] zgL ldnL yL . ;fy xL ox dxLgf df] xAat

cf} / efO{ rf/ ] sf ;+b] z b] g] jfn] O: nfd s] ;f/ tTj sf] eL hflx/ s/ tf x} .Ú

O: nfd wd{ d] + c;nL d';ndfg agg] s] lnP kfFr km/ fOh-sQ{Jo_ sf kfng s/ gf cfjZos x} . hf] x} , Odfg-slndf tOoa_,

gdfh, / f] hf cf} / hsft . Odfg cyf{t ;bfrf/ sf kfng, gdfh cyf{t\ v'bf sL Oafbt, xh oflg kfs dSsf dbLgf sL ofqf cf} / hsft cyf{t\ bfg s/ gf . Odfg s] cGb/ cNnfx ;j{dfg x} hf] Ps xL x} . pGx] + df] xDdb ;fx] a sf clGtd gaL dfgt] x} + . O;nfd s] o] kfFr km/ fO{h OG;fg sf] OG;fg s] ;fy k|] d, ;xfg'e"lt cf} / ;Dj] bgf sL k|] / 0ff b] ] t] x} + .

/ f] hf sf] c/ aL efiff d] + ;f] d sxt] x} + . ;f] d sf cy{ x} / f] sgf O;lnP / f] hf sf k|tLsfTds cy{ x} unt sfo{ cf} / b'/ frf/ sf] / f] sgf . O; k"/ L cjlw d] + k|To] s unt sfd lgif] lwt x} cf} / ha Ps dxLg] O; sl7g ;+sNk sf] Ps ;Rrf d';ndfg k"/ f s/ tf x} tf] O;s] kZrft\ p;s] eLt/ kfs efjgfPF cftL x} + . / dhfg s] dxLg] d] + lsP uP g] s cdn sf ;afj &) u'0ff Hofbf x} P] ;L dfGotf x} . s'/ fg d] + sxf uof x} , / f] hf t'Dxf/ ] lnP sQ{Jo s] ¿k d] + nfu" lsof uof x} O; j|t ;] t'd O{Zj/ ;] 8/ f] u] cf} / p;s] s/ La hfcf] u] . O;s] sf/ 0f t'd ljgd| agf] u] , t'd ;b} j v'b sf] O{Zj/ sf cg'u|xLt dfgf] u] . k|To] s d';ndfg sf] ox ;demgf xf] uf ls Ps lbg cGt ;asf xf] tf x} . ox ;f/ f j} ej cNnfx sL b] g x} lh;s] sf/ 0f t'd lhGbf xf] cf} / b";/ f] + sL ;xfotf s/ g] d] + ;Ifd xf] . gxL+ tf] t'Dxf/ L lhGbuL kfgL s] bf] a'Gbf] + sL t/ x x} lh;] gi6 xf] hfgf x} .

/ dhfg s] c+ltd lbg d] + ;eL d';ndfg cToGt xiff] {Nnf; s] ;fy gP–gP sk8Þ] kxgs/ , Oq nufs/ , un] ldns/ , O{b dgft] x} + . lbg e/ Ps b";/ ] ;] ldnt] x} = cf} / hZg dgft] x} + . 5f] 6f] + sf] a8Þf] + ;] ;f} uft ldnt] x} + . ljZj s] ;eL b] zf] + d] + ox kfs kj{ dgfof hftf x} . g] kfn s] d'l: nd efO{ axg eL O;] w"dwfd ;] dgft] x} + . O{b s] lbg oxfF ;fj{hlgs 5'6\6L bL hftL x} .

cfTdf sf] kfsLhÞuL b] tf x} / dhfgTof}xf/


;dfh

O+;fg cu/ to s/ n] tf] jx dfgjtf s] lnP s'5 eL s/ ;stf x} . dfgj ;] jf ;] a9Þs/ s'5 gxL+ x} . t'n;Lbf; g] sxf x} …a8Þf htg dfg; tg kfjfÚ cu/ dfgj tg kfgf Otgf dxTjk"0f{ x} , tf] O;] ;fy{s s/ gf lstgf dxTjk"0f{ xf] uf . / f] 6/ L Sna Ps P] ;L xL ;+: yf x} hf] k"0f{¿k] 0f dfgj ;] jf sf] ;dlk{t x} . / f] 6/ L Sna Joj;foL pBldof] + åf/ f ;+rflnt ;+: yf x} . O;;] h'8Þ] ;eL ;b: o tg–dg–wg ;] dfgj ;] jf sf] ;dlk{t x} + .

/ f] 6/ L OG6/ g] zgn sL : yfkgf !()% d] + cd] l/ sf d] + x'O{ yL . O;s] hGdbftf kf‘n x] l/ ; y] . / f] 6/ L kmfpG8] zg d]+ / f] 6] l/ og 8f] g] 6 s/ t] x} +, O;d] + lhtgL eL / sd hdf xf] tL x} jx / f] 6] l/ og cf}/ gg6f]6]l/og s] åf/ f xf] tL x} . / f] 6/ L OG6/ g] zgn P8ldg] : 6«] l6e sfo{ sf] b] vtf x} . / f] 6/ L kmfpG8] zg sf d'Vo p2] Zo dfgjLo ;] jfd"ns sfo{ s/ gf x} , dfgjLo ;] jf ;] h'8Þ] ;eL sfo{ O;sL lgu/ fgL d] + xf] t] x} + . jt{dfg d] + ldlnG8f lanu] 6\; 6«: 6 / f] 6/ L kmfpG8] zg ;] h'8Þf x'cf x} . kf] lnof] h} ;L 3fts aLdf/ L sf pGd"ng ljZje/ d] + / f] 6/ L åf/ f xL ;Dej xf] kfof x} . nueu ljZj s] ;eL b] z O; 3fts aLdf/ L ;] d'St xf] r's] x} + . lsGt' ceL tLg cf} / P] ;] b] z x} + hxfF ;] ox ceL ;dfKt gxL+ x'O{ x} jx x} , kfls: tfg, ckmuflg: tfg

cf} / gfOh] l/ of . o] jf] b] z x} + hxfF ;] ox aLdf/ L ceL k"0f{¿k ;] vTd gxL+ x'O{ x} k/ k|of; hf/ L x} . …O+G8 kf] lnof] Ú s] gf/ f s] ;fy / f] 6/ L OG6/ g] zgn sL sf] lzz hf/ L x} .

g] kfn d] + / f] 6/ L sf cfudg !# ck|Ln !(%( sf] / f] 6/ L Sna cfkm sf7dfG8" s] åf/ f x'cf O;] : kfG;/ / f] 6/ L Sna cfkm b/ e+uf g] lsof yf . ! h'nfO{ @))* d] + g] kfn d] + / f] 6/ L l8l: 6S6 agL . O;s] kxn] / f] 6] l/ og, g] kfnL / f] 6] l/ og Sna cflb ;eL snsQf s] / f] 6/ L l8l: 6S6 ;] h'8Þ] x'P y] . k/ o] ca k"/ L t/ x

g] kfn ;] ;+rflnt xf] tf x} . 8L= #@(@ s] cGtu{t e'6fg sf Sna eL cftf x} .

/ f] 6/ L kmfpG8] zg d] + O; / f] 6f Oo/ @)!#–!$ d] + s/ La tLg nfv 8fn/ g] kfn s] / f] 6] l/ og g] cg'bfg s] tf} / k/ hdf lsof x} . cf} / O;;] sxL+ kfFr u'gf Hofbf cg'bfg / f] 6/ L kmfpG8] zg s] åf/f ;fdflhs ;]jf s] lnP k|fKt lsof hf r'sf x} . O; / flz ;] lkmnxfn nlntk'/ lhnf d] + r'Fls Ps eL An8 a} +s gxL+ yf O;lnP jxfF An8 a} +s agfof uof x} . kf] v/ f d] + l8«+ls+u jf6/ k|f] h] S6 sL : yfkgf x'O{ x} . lj/ f6gu/ d] + / f] 6/ L g] zgn

8fOlnl;; ;] G6/ sf pb\3f6g xf] r'sf x} . O; jif{ d]+ !^ nfv 8fn/ sf k|f] h] S6 ca ts cf r'sf x} . pmk/ lh; tLg nfv 8fn/ cg'bfg / flz sL rrf{ x'O{ x} p;s] ;Gbe{ d] + s'5 / f] 6] l/ og sf pNn] v cfjZos x} .

/ f] 6] l/ og af;'b] j uf] nofg hL, hf] kf: 6 l8l: 6S6 ujg{/ cf} / l8l: 6S6 kmfpG8] zg sldl6 s] r] o/ kz{g x} + cf} / cfk dfgjtf s] k|lt ;dlk{t JolSt x} + . cfk k"/ L lgi7f s] ;fy / f] 6/ L kmfpG8] zg ;] h'8Þ] x'P x} + . ckgf dxTjk"0f{ of] ubfg / f] 6/ L Sna sf] b] t] / x]

x} + . cfkg] / \f] 6/ L kmfpG8] zg sf] @% xhf/ 8fn/ sL / flz cg'bfg : j¿k k|bfg sL x} . pSt / flz dfgj sNof0f d] + Ps dxTjk"0f{ of] ubfg x} .

hof zfx hf] cfufdL @)!^–!& s] lnP l8l: 6S6 ujg{/ r'gL hf r'sL x} + . cfksL ;] jf efjgf sf] b] vt] x'P O; dxTjk"0f{ kb x] t' OGx] + gfldt lsof uof x} cfkg] eL / f] 6/ L kmfpG8] zg sf] @% xhf/ 8fn/ sL dxTjk"0f{ / flz cg'bfg lbof x} .

;+tf] if l/ hfn hf] lj/ f6gu/ / f] 6/ L Sna s] kf: 6 k|] l;8] G6 x} + pGxf] +g] eL !! xhf/ 8fn/ sL / flz cg'bfg lbof x} . cfk eL dfgj ;] jf s] k|lt ;tt\ k|oTgzLn x} + .

/ f] 6/ L Sna cfkm / fhwfgL s] k|] l;8] G6 s] bf/ gf/ fo0f dfgGw/ hL !) xhf/ 8fn/ cg'bfg b] s/ d] h/ 8f] g/ ag] x'P x} + . d} + : jo+ / f] 6/ L Sna cfkm / fhwfgL sf d] Da/ x"F .

O= k|km'Nndfg l;+x hL / f] 6/ L Sna cfkm on s] kf: 6 k|] l;8] G6 cf} / jt{dfg d] + 6«] g/ s] kb k/ sfo{/ t x} . OGxf]+g] kxn] rf/ xhf/ 5M ;f} 8fn/ cf} / lkm/ kfFr xhf/ rf/ ;f} 8fn/ s'n !) xhf/ 8fn/ cg'bfg b] s/ d] h/ 8f] g/

dfgjtf sf] ;dlk{t M / f] ̂ / L Sna

ldlyn]z s'df/ emf

af;'b] j uf] nofg hof zfx ;+tf] if l/ hfn

k|km'Nndfg l;+x lbn] Gb|/ fh >] i7 s]bf/gf/fo0f dfgGw/

;dfh

ag] x'P x} + . / f] 6/ L Sna cfkm lj/ f6gu/ s] kf: 6 k|] l;8] G6 ;'/ ] Gb| uf] N5f eL !) xhf/ 8fn/ sL cg'bfg / flz b] s/ d] h/ 8f] g/ ag r's] x} + .

d] h/ 8f] g/ sL ln: 6 d] + / f] 6] l/ og lbg] z uf] N5f hL sf gfd eL zfldn x} cfkg] eL !) xhf/ 8fn/ cg'bfg lbof x} .

O; af/ cb\e't ¿k ;] cGo / f] 6] l/ og ;fyL g] ckgf of] ubfg lbof x} , hf] lgZro xL ;/ fxgLo x} . l8l: 6S6 s] nueu ;eL / f] 6] l/ og g] sd ;] sd kfFr 8fn/ sf dxTjk"0f{ cg'bfg lbof x} . P] ;f ls;L eL b] z s] / f] 6f l8l: 6S6 d] + O; jif{ gxL+ x'cf x} . dfgj ;] jf s] O; dxfg o1 d] + g] kfn s] ;eL / f] 6] l/ og sf of] ubfg clj: d/ 0fLo x} . kmG8/ ] lh+u P] g'cn lule+u k/ dfg] G6 kmG8 sld6L s] r] o/ xf] g] s] gft] d} + JolStut

¿k ;] eL ;eL / f] 6] l/ og sf s[t1 x"F cf} / pgs] dxTjk"0f{ of] ubfg s] lnP pGx] + xflb{s wGojfb b] tf x"F . ckg] of] ubfg ;] pGxf] +g] O; jif{ sf] ;kmn agfof x} .

d} + ljz] if tf} / ;] ujg{/ lbn] Gb|/ fh >] i7 sf s[t1 x"F lhGxf] +g] d'em] O; sfo{ x] t', O; kb x] t' ;xL ;demf cf} / d] / f gfd k|: tfljt lsof . ;fy xL af;'b] j uf] Nofg hL s] k|lt eL cfef/ L x"F, pGxf] +g] xd] zf d'em] k|f] T;flxt lsof x} cf} / d] / f dgf] an a9Þfof x} . Hofbf ;] Hofbf / flz hdf s/ g] s] lnP k] |l/ t lsof .

/ f] 6/ L Sna tLg t/ x ;] ckgf sfd s/ tf x} , Xo"d] g] l6l/ og, : sfn/ lzk cf} / ef] s] zGn 6«] lg+u 6Ld . p;L t/ x O;s] tLg u|fG6 xf] t] x} +, l8l: 6S6 u|fG6, Unf] an u|fG6

cf} / k} s] h u|fG6 . / f] 6/ L Sna 5M t/ x s] Pl/ of d] + kmf] s; s/ tf x} . cfjZostf cf} / h¿/ t s] lx;fa ;] ox If] q to s/ tf x} ls O;] sxfF sfd s/ gf x} . / f] 6/ L kmfpG8] zg ljZj sf b";/ f a8Þf cf} / wgL kmfpG8] zg x} nueu !@ nfv / f] 6] l/ og O;;] ;Da4 x} + . lbg k|lt lbg O;sf sfo{If] q a9Þtf hf / xf x} cf} / ;fy xL O;sL dxQf eL l;4 xf] / xL x} . O{Zj/ ] R5f ;] ox ;+: yf o"F xL lbg b"gL / ft rf} u'gL k|ult s/ ] cf} / O;;] dfgj hflt sL ;] jf lgikIf ¿k ;] xf] ;s] xd / f] 6] l/ og sL oxL sfdgf cf} / OR5f x} . …;] jf xL k/ df] wd{MÚ dfgj hflt sf oxL d"n d+q xf] gf rflxP Sof] +ls lhGbuL Ps af/ xL ldntL x} , O;] lhtgf ;fy{s s/ ;sf] s/ nf] .

sDkgL sL pkl: ylt Pl;of, clk|msf cd] l/ sf Pj+ k"j{ o'/ f] k d] + eL x} . g] kfn d] + ljdfg: yn lgdf{0f s] 6] 08/ xf] g] k/ ;demf} tf xf] g] ;] 7Ls Ps ;Ktfx kxn] g] skf Pdfn] s] cWoIf emngfy vgfn rLg e|d0f k/ uP y] . vgfn s] g] kfn cft] xL ;demf} tf k/ x: tfIf/ xf] uof . dGqL cfrfo{, vgfn s] s/ La dfg] hft] x} + . rLg s] PlDkd a} +s C0f b] g] s] afb sO{ zt{

/ vtL x} ls 6] 08/ k|lqmof d] + l;km{ rLg s] 7] s] bf/ ;xefuL xf] ;st] x} + . k|lt: kwf{ d] + hf] ;a;] sd / sd d] + sfd s/ g] sf] t} of/ xf] +u] , 6] 08/ pGxL sf] lbof hfPuf . k/ Gt' oxfF tf] ;a;] sd d] + 6] 08/ n] g] jfn] xL afb d] + ha bf] u'0ff clws k} ;] sL df+u s/ g] nu] , ta hf s/ ljjfb x'cf . k|flws/ 0f sf ox ts{ ls @) c/ a s] C0f s] tn] baf k|flws/ 0f s] dfy] cltl/ Qm @! c/ a s] C0f 8fngf ;f] rgLo x} , k/ Gt' O;sL lrGtf ls;L sf] gxL+ x} . rLg ;dy{s g] kfn

s] / fhgLlts bn Pj+ pgs] sfo{stf{ cfFv d"+b s/ rLg s] zt{ sf] : jLsf/ s/ g] Pj+ Po/ kf] 6{ lgdf{0f sf Ohfht b] g] sL df+u s/ / x] x} + . k|flws/ 0f sL ox df+u C0f sf] cg'bfg d] + abng] sf sfd xf] , O; k/ ls;L sf eL Wofg gxL+ hf / xf x} . xf] ;stf x} ls sxL+ clVtof/ sL tL;/ L cfFv oxFf kx'+r] cf} / O; sL lglxt aft] + : ki6 xf] ;s] . b] z sf] k|ToIf ¿k ;] 3f6f xf] g] jfn] ;demf} tf ;] ls;L JolQm of bn sf : jfy{ l;4 xf] ;stf x} k/ b] z sf gxL+ .

lgdf{0f sL lhDd] bf/ L ===


;dfrf/

Joj: yflksf ;+;b d] + lsP uP jfb] s] d'tfljs ;/ sf/ g]

cfof] u u7g lsof x} . !^ h'g @)!$ sf] dGqLkl/ ifb a} 7s -;/ sf/ _ g] zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfno : yfkgf s] afb x'O{ ;xdlt d] + ;Demf} tf sfof{Gjog l;kmfl/ ; cfof] u u7g s/ g] sf lg0f{o lsof yf . k'g/ fj] bg cbfnt

s] k"j{ d'Vo GofofwLz s] zj d} gfnL sL cWoIftf d+] cfof] u u7g x'cf x} . lh;s] ;b: o d] + 8f= / fh s'df/ / fO{, / Ltf d} gfnL cf} / lbk] Gb| emf lgo'Qm lsP uP x} . ;b: o ;lrj s] ¿k d+] nIdL z/ 0f l3ld/ ] sf] eL lgo'Qm lsof x} . cfof] ug] @% h"g ckgf sfo{ k|f/ De lsof x} .

Joj: yflksf ;+;b g] nfktf / x] JolQmof] + ls 5fgaLg tyf ;Tolg?k0f cf} / d] nldnfk cfof] u sf lan eL aft rLt s/ s] kf; lsof x} . p;L bf} / fg zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqL g] + ljleGg ;do d] + x'P ;xdlt cf} / ;demf} tf s] sfof{Gjog s] ;DaGw d+] Joj: yflksf ;+;b d] + ;ef;b 4f/ f p7fP uP ;jfn sf] ;Daf] wg s/ g] s] lnP Ps cfof] u agfg] s] lnP k|ltj4tf JoSt lsof

yf . pGxf] g] @% dO{ @)!$ -a} iffv !@ ut] _ Joj: yflksf ;+;b ;dIf bf] dxLg] s] eLt/ Ps cfof] u u7g s/ g] sL k|lta4tf sL yL .

;/ sf/ -dGqLkl/ ifb_sL !^ h"g s] a} 7s d+] xL k"j{ k|wfgGofwLz cf] d eQm >] i7 s] cWoIftf d] + nfktf / x] JolQmof] + ls 5fgaLg tyf ;Tolg?k0f cf} / d] nldnfk cfof] u u7gs] lnP l;kmfl/ ; ;ldlt u7g lsof x} . ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ dGqL cf} / ;/ sf/ s] k|jQmf k|f= 8f= ldg] Gb| l/ hfn ;] hfgsf/ L

d'tfljs ;ldlt s] ;b: of] + d] ;kgf dNn k|wfg, 8f= 3gZofd nfn bf; cf} / k|bLk kf] v] / ] nsf] lgo'Qm lsof x} .

@% h"g @)!$ -c;f/ !! ut] _] ;jf{] Rr cbfnt s] jl/ i7td\ GofowLz / fd s'df/ k|;fb zfx g] cfof] u s] cWoIf k"j{ d'Vo GofofwLz s] zj d} gfnL sf] kb cf} / uf] kgLotf sf zky u|x0f s/ fof, tf] cfof] u s] cWoIf g] ;b: ou0f 8f= / fh s'df/ / fO{, / Ltf d} gfnL cf} / lbk] Gb| emf sf] zky s/ fof x} . zky s] afb p;L lbg cfof] u s] Ps k|] ; gf] 6 s] d'tfljs cfof] u sfd z'?cft s/ r'sL x} . cfof] u s] cg';f/ la=;= @)^$ c;f/ !) ut] ;] @)&) a} iffv !( ut] ts laleGg %^ ;d"x ;] x'O{ &! ;xdlt ;demf} tf sf] cWoog cf} / ljZn] if0f s/ s] sfof{Gjog

s] lnP l;kmfl/ ; s/ gf x} . O; cfof] usf] ^) lbg d] + ckgf k|ltj] bg ;/ sf/ sf] b] gf k8Þ] uf .

cfof] u s] ;b: o clwjQmf lbk] Gb| emf s] d'tfljs, zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfno sL : yfkgf xf] g] s] afb g] kfn ;/ sf/ sL t/ km ;] zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqL s] ;+of] hsTj d] ;/ sf/ L jftf{ 6f] nL u7g s/ s] b] z s] ljleGg efuf] + d] cfGbf] ng/ t c;Gt'i6 kIff] + ;] jftf{ s/ s] ;xdlt cf} / ;Demf} tf lsof yf . ljleGg %^ ;d'xf] + ;] &! ;xdlt÷;Demf} tf x'P x} . lh;d] dw] zL, hghflt, yf?, vzb;gfdL If] qL tyf cGo ;d"x sf cfGbf] ng s] bf} / fg x'P ;Demf} tf zfldn x} . pGxf] +g] atfof ls dw] z cfGbf] ng, dw] z d] + 4G4/ t ;z: q ;d'x, cv08 ;'b'/ klZrd sL dfFu s/ t] x'P x'P cfGbf] ng, y?x6 cfGbf] ng, nDa'jfg v'Da'jfg du/ ls/ fFt, hghftL ;d'x sf cfGbf] ng, vzb;gfdL If] qLs] kxrfg s] lnP x'cf cfGbf] ng, blnt cfGbf] ng OToflb cfGbf] ng sf] ;Daf] wg s/ g] s] lnP ;/ sf/ g] ljleGg ;do d] + ;xdlt cf} / ;Demf} tf lsof x} .

cfof] u s] cWoIf k"j{ d'Vo GofofwLz s] zj d} gfnL g] sxf ls cfof] u ;/ sf/ s] p; ;demf} tf sf sfof{Gjog x'cf ls gxL x'cf, p; aft sf] cWoog cf} / ljZn] if0f s/ ] uL . ;Demf} tf sfof{Gjog d] + afsL / x] laifo sf] ljZn] if0f s/ s] sfof{Gjog s/ g] s] lnP ;/ sf/ sf] k|ltj] bg k] z s/ ] uL . p; ;xdlt ;Demf} tf sf] sfof{Gjog s] bf} / fg 3fon x'P nf] uf] + sL Ifltk"lt{, zxLb 3f] if0ff h} ;] laifo d+] x'P ;demf} tf sf cWoog eL s/ ] uL . ;DalGwt lgsfo k|wfgdGqL, u[x dGqfno, zflGt tyf k'glg{df{0f dGqfno h} ;] sfof{no ;] eL hfFr s/ ;stL x} .

O; cfof] u d] + dw] zL ;z: q ;d'x, yf? hghflt h} ;] ;d'xf] + s] ;fy x'P ;Demf} t] k"0f{ ¿k d] + sfof{Gjog xf] g] sL ;Defjgf x} . pg ;d'xf] + sL ck] Iff a9 uoL x} . n] lsg ca b] vgf x} ls, Sof ox cfof] u pg ;d'xf] + sL ck] Iff k"/ L s/ kfPuL < cf} / Sof O; cfof] us] l;kmfl/ ; sf] ;/ sf/ cIf/ zM sfof{Gjog s/ ] uL <

;xdlt ;demf} tf sfof{Gjog l;kmfl/ ; cfof] u u7g

ljut d+] åGå/ t ;d"xf] + sL a9ÞL ck] Iff

cfof] u s] cg';f/ la=;= @)^$ c;f/ !) ut] ;] @)&) a} iffv !( ut] ts laleGg %^ ;d"x ;] x'O{ &! ;xdlt ;demf} tf sf] cWoog cf} / ljZn] if0f s/ s] sfof{Gjog s] lnP l;kmfl/ ; s/ gf x} . O; cfof] usf] ^) lbg d] +

ckgf k|ltj] bg ;/ sf/ sf] b] gf k8Þ] uf .

/Iff/fd xl/hg

g]kfnu+h l/kf]6{

x/ jif{ jiff{+t d] + lhn] d] + Ps aft sfkmL a'nGbL k/ xf] tL x} jx ox

ls, / fKtL gbL sL af9Þ ;] ;f/ f Onfsf k|efljt x} . ox x/ jif{ xf] g] jfnL df} ;dL 36gf x} . O;d] + gofkg eL gxL+ xf] tf x} , jxL dLl6Ë, 1fkg, wgf{, 8] nLu] zg cflb OToflb s/ t] –s/ t] afl/ z sf df} ;d u'h/ hftf x} cf} / efif0f b] g] jfn] nf] u eL wf/ fzfoL xf] hft] x} +, n] lsg O; af/ af9Þ s] cnfjf eL Ps a8Þf d'2f x} , lh;s] sf/ 0f sf] O{ Ps Onfsf gxL+ alNs k"/ ] lhn] sL l: ylt abt/ xf] tL lbvfO k8Þ / xL x} .

g] kfnuGh a3f} 8f x'nfsL / fhdfu{ lgdf{0f hf/ L x} . lk5n] @ jif{ d] + lgdf{0f sDkgL g]

l;km{ # k|ltzt sfd k"/ f lsof x} . lhn] sf Ps ltxfO{ lx: ;f dfgf hfg] jfnf / fKtL If] q sf d'Vo dfu{ oxL / fhdfu{ x} , of o"F sxf hf ;stf x} ls Ps ltxfO{ hg;+Vof O;L ;8Þs sf k|of] u s/ ufFj ;] zx/ ts sL ofqf to s/ tL x} .

;fwg s] gfd k/ ;"v] df} ;d d] + Ps cfw a; eL rntL x} n] lsg pgsL bzf eL df} ;d s] cfwf/ k/ abn hftL x} , olb kfgL a/ ;

hfP tf] h¿/ L gxL+ ls hf] JolSt g] kfnuGh cfof jx p;L a; ;] jfk; 3/ rnf hfP . ;8Þs lgdf{0f sDkgL hLeLcf/ OGk|mf k|f] h] S6 ln= ef/ t g] @ jiff] {+ ;] sfd hf/ L / vf x} , ;"v] df} ;d d] + gO{ ld§L k6fg s] sf/ 0f nf] u w"n sf ;fdgf s/ t] y] , cf} / ca afl/ z g] w"n sf] sLr8Þ d] abn lbof . ca jx ;8Þs ;xL ;nfdt k} bn rng] s] nfos eL gxL+ x} , a; O;L sf cfqmf] z x} : yfgLo nf] uf] + d] + .

clt ;Dj] bgzLn dfgf hfg] jfnf Onfsf sDbL uflj; s] cf;kf; s] If] q d] + jiff{t ;] kxn] u|fe] n 8Þfng] s] lnP : yfgLo nf] uf] + g] ;8Þs lgdf{0f sDkgL k/ af/ –af/ bafj lbof n] lsg x'cf jxL hf] gxL+ xf] gf rlxP yf .

g] kfnuGh gu/ ;] s'n ldnfs/ ( ufla; hf] 8Þg] jfnL ox ;8Þs jiff{t s]

sf/ 0f rrf{ d] + x} . : yfgLo If] q d] + cfjfudg k"0f{ ¿k ;] aflwt x} , ef/ tLo ;Ldf ;] h'8Þ] nf] u ef/ t sL ;8Þs k|of] u s/ t] x} +, lh;;] ;do cf} / k} ;f bf] gf] + Hofbf nutf x} .

lgdf{0f sDkgL g] @ jif{ kxn] ha 7] sf lnof yf tf] ;demf} tf d] + : ki6 ¿k ;] lnvf x} ls & r} q @)&) d] + sfd k"/ f xf] gf x} . n] lsg lgdf{0f sDkgL g] lh; pbf;Lgtf ;]

sfd lsof p;d] + @ jiff] {+ d] + l;km{ # k|ltzt sfd k"/ f x'cf . O; cfwf/ k/ ;8Þs k"/ L xf] g] d] + ceL @% jif{ cf} / nu] +u] .

! c/ a &) s/ f] 8Þ $% nfv (@ xhf/ sL nfut d] + hf/ L lgdf{0f sfo{ b'|t ult d] + cfu] g a9Þg] s] sf/ 0f af/ –af/ : yfgLo If] q d] + hgtf cf} / 7] s] bf/ s] aLr ljjfb xf] tf / xtf x} .

sDbL lgjf;L xl/ nfn ofbj g] atfof ;8Þs hh{/ xf] g] cf} / 6«] S6/ cfjfudg Hofbf xf] g] s] sf/ 0f ;8Þs sL cj: yf cf} / v/ fa x'O{ x} . g] kfnuGh gu/ sL h¿/ t s] lx;fa ;] afn", lu§L, cgfh cflb O;L ;8Þs ;] u'h/ tf x} . of P] ;f eL sxf hf ;stf x} ls g] kfnuGh s] ljsf; d] + ox ;8Þs xL afws x} .

;demf} tf s] cg';f/ $$=^ lsnf] dL6/ ;8Þs @ jiff] {+ d] + k"/ f xf] gf yf, n] lsg @ jif{ sL cjlw d] + sfd sf Ps ltxfO{ eL g xf] gf sO{ ;jfn v8Þ] s/ / xf x} . lgdf{0f sDkgL s] OlGhlgo/ f] + sL dfg] + tf] sRrf kbfy{ cfoft d] + sl7gfO{ xf] g] s] sf/ 0f sfd b'|t ult ;] cfu] gxL+ a9Þ kf / xf x} .

sDbL ufla; lgjf;L kqsf/ ;"o{nfn ofbj g] sxf ls ;demf} tf s] lx;fa ;] ;do k/ sfd k"/ f g xf] g] s] lnP : yfgLo lgsfo xL lhDd] jf/ x} . sdLzg cf} / bnfnL s] sf/ 0f 7] s] bf/ f] + ;] cj} w / sd c;"nL hftL x} cf} / pGx] k"0f{ nfk/ jfxL cf} / u'0f: t/ xLg sfd s/ g] d] + 5"6 bL hftL .

x'nfsL / fhdfu{ cfof] hgf s] sfof{no d] + k|ltlqmof s] lnP ha …lxdflngLÚ g] ;Dks{ lsof tf] ktf rnf cfof] hgf k|d'v sf tafbnf xf] uof x} . sfof{no d] + df} h"b cGo sd{rfl/ of] + g] ls;L k|sf/ sL k|ltlqmof b] g] d] + lbnr: kL gxL+ lbvfO{ . : yfgLo ljsf; k/ gh/ / v / x] k|d'v lhnf clwsf/ L hLjg k|;fb jnL g] atfof, lh; k|sf/ ;] aft x'O{ yL ls cfiff9Þ ;] kxn] sd–;] –sd u|fe] n 8Þfns/ ;8Þs sf] cfg] hfg] s] nfos agf lbof hfPuf, jx eL gxL+ xf] kfof x} .

pGxf] +g] sxf, xfnfFls sfd hf/ L x} cf} / k|of; eL oxL x} ls O; jiff{t d] + nf] uf] + sf] lk5n] ;fn sL t/ x si6 g p7fgf k8Þ] . lhnfclwsf/ L jnL g] sxf, tTsfn ;d: of ;dfwfg s/ g] s] lnP 7] s] bf/ sf] lgb] {zg lbof hf r'sf x} ls hxfF d/ Ddt s/ g] nfos x} , p;] tTsfn ;'rf? lsof hfP .

ljgo bLlIft

x'nfsL / fhdfu{ lgdf{0f cfof] hgf

abxfn ;8Þs cf} / a] j; hgtf


ko{6g÷:yfg kl/ro

;'ax sL kxnL ls/ 0f tfKn] h'+u sf] 5"tL x} cf} / p;] : jl0f{d s/ hftL x} . tfKn] h'+u g] kfn s] b'u{d lhnfcf] + d] + ;] Ps x} . g] kfn s] ;'b"/ k"j{ d] + lxdfno cf} / s+rgh+3f sL uf] b d] + cjl: yt x} tfKn] h'+u . ox lhnf rLg s] : jzfl;t If] q ltAat cf} / ef/ t s] l;lSsd s] s/ La x} . tfKn] h'+u k|fs[lts ;f} Gbo{ ;] kl/ k"0f{ lhnf x} . lxd ;] cfR5flbt kj{t >+[vnf oxfF sL vfl;ot x} + . cTolws pmFrfO{ sL jhx ;] kj{t >+[vnfPF, af/ x dxLg] lxdfR5flbt / xtL x} + . c;+Vo glbofF, em/ g] oxfF sL k|fs[lts zf] ef d] + rf/ rfFb nuft] x} + . oxfF ljZj sL c;+Vo nf] kf] Gd'v hfltof] + s] kz'–kIfL eL kfP hft] x} + . of] + tf] g] kfn k|fs[lts ;f} Gbo{ s] lnP ljZj ljVoft x} lsGt' ox b] jL–b] jtfcf] + sf eL b] z x} . ljleGg b] jL–b] jtfcf] + sf jf; oxfF dfgf uof x} . xdf/ ] wd{ u|+y d] + eL ox dfGotf x} ls ;eL b] jtfcf] + sf jf; kj{tf] + k/ xf] tf x} . O;lnP eL zfob oxfF d+lb/ f] + sL e/ df/ x} .

tfKn] h'+u l;km{ k|fs[lts ;f} Gbo{ s] lnP xL gxL+ ;fF: s[lts cf} / wfld{s cf: yf s] lnP eL k|l;4 x} . kfyLe/ f sf k|l;4 d+lb/ O;L lhn] d] + cjl: yt x} . k"jL{ g] kfn sf ox wfld{s d+lb/ tfKn] h'+u lhnf s] km'uln+u afhf/ ;] k"j{ pQ/ s/ La !&=% lsnf] dL6/ sL b"/ L d] + x} cf} / ;d'b| tn ;] O;sL pmFrfO{ #&($ dL6/ x} . ox d+lb/ cgfh ;] e/ L 6f] s/ L sL t/ x lbvfO{ b] tf x} lh;] g] kfnL efiff d] + kfyL sxt] x} + O;lnP ;DejtM O;sf gfd kfyLe/ f sxf uof x} . O; d+lb/ sL jhx ;] tfKn] h'+u sL ckgL Ps ljz] if kxrfg x} .

kfyLe/ f sL ofqf Ps cf} / dgf] sf+Iff cg] s x} + . kfyLe/ f d+lb/ ;] h'8ÞL sO{ lsjb+ltofF eL kfO{ hftL x} + . dfgf hftf x} ls O; hux k/ ls;L ;do d] + r/ jfx] ckgL e] 8Þ asl/ of] + sf] / vf s/ t] y] . x/ / f] h o] e] 8Þ as/ L b"/ hfs/ r/ f s/ t] y]

cf} / zfd xf] g] k/ nf} 6 s/ jfk; cf hfof s/ t] y] . lsGt' Ps lbg o] jfk; gxL+ nf} 6] . r/ jfxf] + g] pGx] + sfkmL 9"F9f k/ jf] tf] g hfg] sxfF ljn'Kt xf] uP y] . r/ jfx] cGt d] + ys s/ jfk; p;L hux cfs/ a} 7 uP . p;s] afb j] kfgL n] g] gbL d] + uP cf} / kfgL n] s/ jfk; cfP, lsGt' pmk/ cft] –cft] jf] kfgL hd s/ gds xf] uof . r/ jfx] lkm/ kfgL nfg] uP tf] jx gbL xL ;"v uO{ yL . O; 36gf ;] jf] cToGt 8/ uP cf} / lkm/ pGx] + gL+b cf uO{ . ;kg] d] + pGx] + b] jL g] bz{g lbof ls t'd nf] uf] + g] d] / f dfg gxL+ / vf O;lnP t'Dxf/ ] hfgj/ vf] uP x} + . ;kg] d] + xL r/ jfxf] + g] b] jL ;] k|fy{gf sL ls pgs] hfgj/ f] + sf] jfk; nf} 6f b] +, jf] b] jL sL k"hf e] 8Þf] + sf] r9Þf s/ s/ ] +u] . P] ;L dgf} tL s] ;fy xL ;'ax phfnf xf] t] xL pgs] ;eL e] 8Þ as/ L jfk; cf uP . ox b] v s/ r/ jfx] cToGt k|;Gg x'P cf} / Ps cR5] ;] e] 8Þ sL aln b] s/ pGxf] +g] b] jL k"hf sL z'?cft sL . teL ;] ox k/ Dk/ f rnL cf / xL x} .

kfyLe/ f sf d+lb/ sfkmL pmFrfO{ k/ cjl: yt x} O;lnP jxfF ;fF; n] g] d] + sl7gfO{ xf] tL x} . oxL sf/ 0f x} ls tfKn] h+'u sf d'Vofno km'uln+u hf] kfFr xhf/ gf} ;f} rf} / f;L kmL6 sL pmFrfO{ k/ cjl: yt x} , jxfF eL kfyLe/ f sf Ps d+lb/ x} , hxfF jf] >4fn' hf] d'Vo d+lb/ ts gxL+

hf kft] , k"hf cr{gf s/ t] x} + . kfyLe/ f ts kx'Frg] s] lnP ofqf g] kfn s] zx/ ljtf{df] 8Þ ;] z'? xf] tL x} . ljtf{df] 8Þ, Onfd, kfFry/ rf/ cfnL xf] t] x'P tfKn] h'+u sf d'Vofno km'uln+u lh;sL b"/ L @#& lsnf] dL6/ sL x} sL ofqf af/ x 3+6] d] + ;DkGg xf] tL x} . ljtf{df] 8Þ ;] sO{ a; ;'ax v'ntL x} . km'uln+u ;] ckgL ;jf/ L of ls/ fP sL ;jf/ L ;] cfu] sL ofqf sRrL ;8Þs xf] t] x'P to sL hftL x} . jxfF ;] ;'s] 6f/ hf] cf7 xhf/ Ps ;f} 5QL; kmL6 sL pFrfO{ k/ x} , jxfF kx'Frf hftf x} . p;s] cfu] sL ofqf k} bn to xf] tL x} . ;'s] 6f/ d] + ljdfg : yn x} . hf] xjfO{ dfu{ ;] hfgf rfxt] x} + jf] sf7dfG8" ;] rf6{/ Kn] g ;] of lkm/ lj/ f6gu/ ;] ljdfg åf/ f hf ;st] x} + . ;Ktfx s] rf/ lbg jxfF ;] ljdfg sL ;'ljwf x} . ;'s] 6f/ d] + / xg] sL cR5L ;'ljwf x} . ;'s] 6f/ d] + t'Daf, ;'s'6L, l;: g' sL ;AhL cflb Jo+hgf] sf : jfb lnof hf ;stf x} . ;'s] 6f/ ;] k"j{ pQ/ b] p/ fnL, / ldt] 8fF8f xf] t] x'P kfyLe/ f ts sL ofqf to xf] tL x} . / ldt] 8fF8f -rf] 6L_ ckgL k|fs[lts ;f} +bo{ ;] ko{6sf] + cf} / tLy{oflqof] + sf dg df] x n] tL x} . nfnL u'/ fF; sL ;'Gb/ tf x/ cf] / lav/ L xf] tL x} . oxfF dg / d hftf x} zfob O;lnP O;] / ldt] 8fF8f sxt] x} + . kfyLe/ f dftf sL k"hf sL

k|frL ;fx

k|fs[lts ;f} Gbo{ ;] e/ k"/ cf} / wfld{s cf: yf sf k|tLs M kfyLe/ f

ko{6g÷:yfg kl/ro

z'?cft sfG5L yfg ;] z'? xf] tL x} . hf] d'Vo d+lb/ d] + hfs/ k"0f{ xf] tL x} .

kfyLe/ f d+lb/ s] bz{g cf} / k"hf s] lnP x/ jif{ nfvf] + sL ;+Vof d] + jxfF >4fn' cft] x} + . Ps lbg d] + xL bz{gfy{ cfg] jfnf] + sL ;+Vof ;f} bf] ;f} xf] tL x} cf} / O;L ;+Vof d] + jxfF / f] h aln eL lbP hft] x} + . Ps cf} / ljz] iftf eL oxfF b] vL hftL x} , aln r9ÞfP hfg] s] afb hf] v"g axtf x} , jx jxL+ ufoa xf] hftf x} . oxfF nf] u ckgL dgf] sfdgf sL k"lt{ s] lnP eL cft] x} + cf} / ha pgsL OR5f k"lt{ xf] hftL x} tf] eL cft] x} + . k|frLg sfn ;] cfh ts ox dfGotf rnL cf / xL x} ls oxfF cfs/ ;eL OR5fcf] + sL k"lt{ xf] hftL x} . cf} / O;L sf/ 0f ;] oxfF lbg–a–lbg bz{gfly{of] + sL ;+Vof a9ÞtL hf / xL x} . O; ofqf s] qmd d] + hux–hux / xg] cf} / vfg] –kLg] sL eL ;'ljwf x}

lh;sL jhx ;] ofqf cf;fg xf] hftL x} . oxfF ts kx'Frgf ;xh gxL+ x} , lsGt' cu/

dg d] + ljZjf; cf} / >4f xf] tyf cfTdan xf] tf] / fx cf;fg xf]

hftL x} . teL tf] aRr] , a"9Þ] , hjfg ;eL oxfF cft] x} + cf} / dftf sf bz{g s/ ckgL dgf] / y k"/ L s/ t] x} + . l;tDa/ -efb|_ ;] gjDa/ -sflt{s_ cf} / dfr{ -kmfu'g_ ;] dO{ -a} zfv_ ts sf ;do kfyLe/ f bz{g x] t' pko'St ;do x} . afsL ;do ox : yfg lxddo xf] tf x} . x/ cf] / akm{ xL akm{ sf ;fd|fHo xf] tf x} . k|fs[lts ;f} Gbo{

sf wgL x} tfKn] h'+u cf} / kfyLe/ f sL ofqf

hxfF Ps cf] / cf: yf sf k|tLs x} jxL+ O; ofqf s]

bf} / fg k|s[lt s] ;'/ Do b[Zof] + sf] b] vg] cf} / dx;"; s/ g] sf ;'v

k|fKt xf] tf x} , jx lgZro xL g};lu{s cfgGb ;] ljef] / s/ tf x} .


;dfrf/÷hn]Zj/

/ Tg] Zj/ s'df/ emf, hn] Zj/ ;+jfbbftf

o'g] : sf] , dw] zL kqsf/ dxf;+3 cf} / g] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 dxf] Q/ L zfvf s] ;+o'St cfof] ] hgf d] + lhnf d'Vofno hn] Zj/ d] + g] kfn k'ln;, ;z: q k'ln; cf} / kqsf/ f] + s] aLr cGt/ lqmof sfo{qmd !( h"g @)!$ sf] ;DkGg lsof uof . b] z s] sO{ lx: ;f] + d+]

af/ –af/ kqsf/ cf} / ;'/ Iff lgsfof] + s] aLr ts/ f/ xf] tL xL / xtL x} . n] lsg s'5 lbgf] + ;] vf;s/ dw] z d] + ox ts/ f/ s'5 Hofbf xL b] vg] cf} / ;'gg] sf] ldn / xL x} . O;L ts/ f/ sf] db\b] gh/ / vt] x'P o"g] : sf] s] ;xof] u ;] g] kfn k'ln; s] clws[t, ;z: q k'ln; s] clws[t, ;lDdlnt ;'/ Iff lgsfof+] cf} /

kqsf/ f] + s] aLr Ps cGt/ lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg lsof uof . sfo{qmd d] + dw] zL kqsf/ ;+3 s] dxf;lrj Pj+ uf] / vfkq b} lgs s] pk;Dkfbs ;'/ ] z s'df/ ofbj ;'/ Iff lgsfo cf} / kqsf/ f] + g] dfgf ls b] z cf} / hgtf s] lnP kx/ ] bf/ L sf sfd s/ g] k/ Ps cfk; d] + af/ –af/ ;'/ Iff ;jfnf] + k/ k|Zg lrGx nu xL hftf x} . : jfut Pj+ cGt/ lqmof sfo{qmd s]

af/ ] d] + hfgsf/ L b] t] x'P kqsf/ cf} / ;'/ Iff lgsfof] + s] aLr ls; t/ x sfd lsof hfgf rflxP, bf] gf+] kx/ ] bf/ f] + s] aLr pTkGg v6f; sf] ls; t/ x sd lsof hfgf rflxP, lh;;] ;d: ofcf] + sf ;dfwfg xf] ;s] , O; sfo{qmd sf d'Vo p2] Zo pGxf+] g] atfof . sfo{qmd d] + o"g] : sf] s] k|aGws Pj+ k|lzIfs nId0f bQ kGt, g] kfn 6] lnlehg s] dxfk|aGws nId0f

x'dfufO{, dfgj clwsf/ sdL{ Pj+ clwjQmf bLk] Gb| emf s] åf/ f af/ L–af/ L ;] b08xLgtf sf cGt Pj+ ;'/ Iff lgsfo cf} / kqsf/ f] + s] åf/ f lsof uof lqmofsnfk, g] kfn Pj+ cGo b] zf] + s] ;+ljwfg gLlt lgod Pj+ cGt/ / fi6«Lo sfg"g s] af/ ] d] + hfgsf/ L bL uO{ . pGxf] +g] sxf ls ;To tYo ;"rgf k|jfx s] ;fy kqsfl/ tf crf/ ;+lxtf lgod sfg"g sf kfng s/ t] x'P kqsfl/ tf s/ g] sf ;'emfj lbof uof .

O; sfo{qmd s] d'Vo cltly dxf] Q/ L lhnf s] d'Vo lhnf clwsf/ L ;"o{axfb'/ vqL g] ;sf/ fTds ;dfrf/ ;Dk|] if0f s/ g] s] lnP kqsf/ f] + ;] cg'/ f] w lsof . pb\3f6g ;q d+] k|] ; : jtGqtf ;] gfgL s'df/ sfGt emf, g] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 dxf] Q/ L zfvf s] k"j{ ;efklt xl/ k|;fb d08n, lhnf k'ln; sfof{no s] k'ln; pk/ LIfs / fdk|;fb >] i7 Pj+ uf] / vfkq dxf] Q/ L ;Djfbbftf kqsf/ gfu] Gb| fn s0f{ h} ;] sO{ jStfcf] + s] åf/ f dGtJo JoQm lsof uof . sfo{qmd d] + lxdflngL lxGbL dfl;s klqsf s] k|aGw ;Dkfbs k+sh bf; sL pkl: ylt eL yL . sfo{qmd sf ;dfkg g] kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 dxf] Q/ L zfvf s] cWoIf O{Zj/ L kf} 8] n g] wGojfb 1fkg s/ t] x'P lsof .

kqsf/ ;'/ Iff s] lnP cGt/ lqmof

sxL+–g–sxL+ O;L rLh g] d'em] dw] z sL cf] / cfslif{t lsof cf} / ;+of] u eL b] lvo] lqrGb| d'lvof hL ;] Ps sfo{qmd d] + d'nfsft x'O{ . wL/ ] wL/ ] xd bf] gf] + Ps b";/ ] s] lgs6 x'P cf} / lqrGb| hL g] kf6L{ ;dIf d'em;] ljjfx sf k|: tfj / vf . kf6L{ g] : jLs[lt bL cf} / Ps sfo{qmd sL cfof] hgf s/ xd bf] gf] + sf] ljjfx aGwg d] + afFw lbof .

dw] z ;] ;DaGw hf] 8Þg] s] afb d'em] dw] z sf] cf} / Hofbf ghbLs ;] b] vg] sf df} sf ldnf teL nuf ls ;d: of jxfF cf} / ljs/ fn x} . clzIff tf] x} xL n] lsg ;fdflhs ;+: sf/ s] gfd k/ dlxnf k/ ax't ;f/ ] lgif] w x} + cf} / dlxnf sL l: ylt cf} / eL sf?l0fs x} . kxf8Þ sL dlxnf yf] 8] Þ xb ts : jtGq x} n] lsg dw] z d] + ax't ;f/ L alGbz] + x} + .) tf] pgd] + ;'wf/ s} ;] nfof hf ;stf x} <

– ox kl/ jt{g Ps lbg d] + ;Dej gxL+ . ;dfh sL ;f] r sf] abng] d] + ;do nutf x} . xfF, n] lsg ;a;] kxnf sbd tf] lzIff

xL x} . bx] h 3"+36 h} ;] ;fdflhs ;+: sf/ cf} / cGwljZjf; g] eL dw] z sf] hs8Þ / vf x} . O;s] cGt s] lnP dw] z s] lzlIft cf} / ljleGg cfGbf] ng ;] h'8ÞL dlxnfcf] + sf] n] s/ d+} gof Kofs] h n] s/ dw] z d] + hfgf rfxtL+ x"F . 3/ –3/ kx'Fr s/ pgd] + r] tgf hufg] sL, k|lzIf0f b] g] sL of] hgf x} .) wg'iff tf] cksf sfo{If] q / xf x} , O; If] q s] ljsf; s] lnP cfksL sf] O{ of] hgf <

k|tLIff– dw] z ;] xhf/ f] + sL ;+Vof d] + o'jf ljb] z knfog xf] / x] x} } + . d] / L kxnL sf] lzz xL oxL x} ls O;sf] s} ;] sd lsof hfo . dw] z sf] o'jfcf] + sf] 3/ k/ xL / f] huf/ ldn] , O;s] lnP d} + k|of;/ t x" F b";/ L aft dw] z cf} / ;Dk"0f{ ldlynf sf x[bo sxnfg] jfnf zx/ hgsk'/ s] ljsf; s] lnP k|of;/ t x" F . ;a;] a8ÞL aft tf] ox x} ls dw] z cGg sf e08f/ x} . n] lsg ca ox l;km{ sxfjt ags/ / x uoL x} . jxfF s] s[lif If] q d] +

ljsf; s] lnP ckgL kf6L{ cf} / ;/ sf/ sf] ljz] if sfo{qmd nfg] s] lnP x/ jSt bafj b] tL / xF "uL .

kl/jt{g Ps ====

;dfrf/÷x]6f}8f

dsjfgk'/ s] pBf] uL Joj;floof] + s] cg';f/ ha

ts cf} Bf] lus Joj;fo s] lgodf] + cf} / sfg"g d] + kl/ jQ{g gxL+ xf] uf ta ts cfly{s ljsf; c;Dej x} . pBf] u dGqfno g] x] 6f} 8f d] + …;fj{hlgs lghL ;+jfbÚ sfo{qmd cfof] lht lsof yf . O;d] + ;xefuL pBf] uL Joj;foL g] ox : ki6 lsof ls gLltut c: ki6tf s] sf/ 0f pBf] u Joj;fo k|j4{g d] + ;d: of cftL x} O;sf ;dfwfg l;km{ kl/ dfh{g ;] ;Dej gxL+ x} cf} / gxL+ O;;] cfly{s ljsf; xL ;Dej x} .

Joj;floof] + sf dfggf yf ls, dGqfnof]+ s] aLr ;dGjo s] cefj s] sf/ 0f pBf] u dGqfno g] hf] clwsf/ lbP x} + p;sf pkof] u s/ s] pBf] u ;+rfng gxL+ xf] kf / xf x} . æpBf] u dGqfno , pBf] u sL ;d: of s] ;dfwfg x] t' k|efjsf/ L sfd gxL+ s/ kfof x} .Æ pBf] u ;+3 x] 6f} 8f s] cWoIf Clif/ fd l3ld/ ] g] sxf, æxdf/ L ;d: of tf] pBf] u dGqL cf} / ;lrj s] lnP cfly{s afu] {lgª sf d;nf agf x'cf x} .Æ Joj;floof] + g] sxf, cf} Bf] lus If] q s] eLt/ : yfkgf x'P pBf] u sL l: ylt cR5L gxL+ x} cf} / xdg]

sfg"g kl/ dfh{g s] lagf kl/ jQ{g c;Dej

uf]ljGb| Gof}kfg]

g] kfn Joj;fo d~r s] ljifo d] + cgle1tfdsjfgk'/ s] cfly{s If] q s] ;DalGwt lgsfof] + g] ;/ sf/ åf/ f @)^& ;fn d] + u7g …g] kfn Joj;fo d~rÚ s] ljifo d] + cgle1tf JoQm sL x} . pBf] u dGqfno …g] kfn Joj;fo d~r -u7g cfb] z_ @)^&Ú s] ljifo d] + hfgsf/ L b] tf cfof x} O;s] afjh"b ;xefluof] + g] O; ;DaGw d] + ckgL cgle1tf hflx/ sL . pBf] u ;+3 x] 6f} F8f, g] kfn cf} Bf] lus If] q pBf] u dxf;+3, dsjfgk'/ pBf] u afl0fHo ;+3, g] kfn 3/ ] n' tyf ;fgf pBf] u dxf;+3 h} ;] ;+: yfcf] + s] k|ltlglwof] + g] tLg jif{ aLt hfg] s] afjh"b eL cgle1tf hflx/ sL . pGxf] +g] sxf, 6] «8 o'lgog cf} / lghL If] q s] clws ;] clws ;+: yfcf] + sf] ;dfj] z s/ g] s] afb xL d~r pBf] u Joj;fo sL ;d: of sf ;dfwfg s/ ;stf x} . sfo{qmd d] + pBf] u dGqfno s] pk;lrj lji0f'k|;fb 9sfn g] d~r s] ljifo d] + sfo{kq k|: t't lsof yf .

hf] eL ;d: of ckgL cf] / ;] atfof x} p; k/ d+qfno s] k|ltlglw Wofg xL gxL+ b] t] x} + . pGxf] +g] sxf ls u[xd+qfno cf} / cy{ d+qfno sL t/ x xL pBf] u d+qfno eL ;Ifd gxL+ x} , …cfly{s ljsf;Ú cf} / …cf} Bf] lus qmflGtÚ efif0f d] + xL ;Lldt x} .

g] kfn cf} Bf] lus If] q pBf] u dxf;+3 s] k|yd pkfWoIf dfwj clwsf/ L g] sxf ls, cf} Bf] lus If] q s] eLt/ pTkfbgd"ns pBf] u sf k|j4{g s/ g] s] lnP cf} Bf] lus Joj;fo P] g sf] ;Daf] lwt s/ gf k8Þ] uf . pGxf] +g] sxf ls ha ts ;DalGwt If] q s] JolStof] + s] ;fy aft rLt gxL+ xf] uL cf} / p; lgisif{ s] cfwf/ k/ lgod sfg"g gxL+ agfP hfPFu] ta ts O; ;d: of sf sf] O{ ;dfwfg gxL+

xf] uf . dsjfgk'/ pBf] u afl0fHo ;+3 s] pkfWoIf w'|j k/ fh'nL g] sxf ls, ceL sL cf} Bf] lus gLlt ;d: of sf] cf} / eL pnemf / xL x} O;d] + tTsfn kl/ dfh{g sL cfjZostf x} . pGxf] +g] eL ;DalGwt

lgsfo ;] aftrLt cf} / tTkZrft P] g kl/ dfh{g s/ g] k/ an lbof . pGxf] +g] sxf ls xd ckgL ;d: of ;] ;DalGwt ;'emfj b] t] x} + k/ gLlt 7Ls pN6f agtf x} . sfo{qmd d] + ;xefuL g] kfn 3/ ] n' tyf n3' pBf] u dxf;+3 dsjfgk'/ sL cWoIf lg/ f uf] vf{nL g] sxf ls, 3/ ] n', n3' tyf dlxnf pBdL s] pTkfbg d] + k|f] T;fxg sL gLlt sL cfjZostf x} . sfo{qmd d] + dsjfgk'/ s] k|d'v lhnf clwsf/ L s] zj/ fh l3ld/ ] , : yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/ L uf] s0f{k|;fb zdf{ cf} / x] 6f} 8f gu/ kflnsf s] sfo{sf/ L clws[t kz'kltafa' k'/ L Og ;a sf ljrf/ yf ls, dsjfgk'/ s] cf} Bf] lus Pj+ Jofj;flos ;d: of ;dfwfg d] + : yfgLo

: t/ d] + : jo+ kxn s/ g] k/ eL pBf] u dGqfno, >d sfof{no h} ;] ;DalGwt lgsfo sf] dha"tL s] ;fy cfu] cfg] sL cfjZostf x} . pBf] u dGqfno sL ;x;lrj ods'df/ L vltj8f g] atfof ls pBf] uL Joj;foL sL ;d: of ;dfwfg s] lnP dGqfno k|ltj4 x} . pGxf] +g] bfjf lsof ls cf} Bf] lus Joj;fo P] g kl/ dfh{g sL t} of/ L d] + x} . pgsf ;'emfj yf ls ;/ sf/ åf/ f ul7t g] kfn Joj;fo d~r dfkm{t cfly{s If] q sL ;d: of ;dfwfg d] + kxn lsof hfo . sfo{qmd d] + dsjfgk'/ s] pBf] uL, Joj;foL cf} / dlxnf pBdL ;xefuL y] .

rf/ k|sf/ s] nf] unf] u rf/ k|sf/ s] xf] t] x} +– j] hf] gxL+ hfgt] cf} / jx eL gxL+ hfgt] ls jx gxL+

hfgt] – j] d"v{ x} , pg;] b"/ xL / x] + . j] hf] gxL+ hfgt] , ls+t' ox hfgt] x} + ls j] gxL+ hfgt] – j] ;Lw] –;Rr] nf] u x} + pGx] atfO{P, l;vfO{P . j] hf] hfgt] x} +, ls+t' ox gxL+ hfgt] ls j] hfgt] x} +– j] ;f] P x'P x} +, pGx] + hufOP . j] hf] hfgt] x} + cf} / ox eL hfgt] x} + ls j] hfgt] x} +, j] k|a'4 nf] u x} M pgsf cg';/ 0f sLlhP .

– n] 8L a6{g


l/kf] 6{÷jL/u+h

clgn ltjf/L

dWo t/ fO{ s] tLg lhnf] + k;f{, af/ f cf} / / f} tx6 d] + ckx/ 0f sf kof{o agf x'cf ef/ tLo ck/ fwL lbg] z l;+x sL lu/ km\tf/ L s] ;fy xL ckx/ 0f ;+hfn tf] 8Þg] d] + g] kfn

k|x/ L g] a8ÞL ;kmntf xfl;n sL x} .g] kfn d] + ckx/ 0f s] lnP k} ;f nufgf

cf} / ckxl/ t sf] ef/ t d] + ckg] ;+/ If0f d] + / vs/ lkm/ f} tL sL / sd j;"ng] sf sfd s/ g] jfnf laxf/ / fHo s] df] ltxf/ L lhnf nvf} / f yfgf e] njf afhf/ s] lbg] z l;+x sf] k|x/ L g] h] i7 s] clGtd ;Ktfx d] + lu/ km\tf/ lsof x} lh;s] sf/ 0f Ps a8Þf g] 6js{ vTd x'cf x} .

eQmk'/ s] ;"o{ lagfos ;] ckxl/ t 9fO{ jifL{o afns la§' rf} w/ L sf] 5'8Þfg] s] qmd d] + g] kfn k|x/ L s] lnP df] : 6 jf06] 8 lbg] z l;+x sf] ks8Þg] d] + ;kmntf ldnL x} . la§' s] lkm/ f} tL sL / sd n] g] s] lnP

p;s] lktf åf/ f ldng] s] lnP p;] ef/ tLo ;Ldf ;] h'8Þ] af/ f s] dl6cjf{ d] + jxL+ a'nfof uof, jxL+ lhnf k|x/ L sfof{no af/ f cf} / gf/ fo0fL c~rn k|x/ L sfof{no åf/ f ;+o'Qm ¿k d] + sfo{jfxL s/ s] p;] ks8Þf uof . lbg] z sL lu/ km\tf/ L s] ;fy xL k;f{, af/ f cf} / / f} tx6 d] + xf] g] jfn] ckx/ 0f sL 36gf d] + lk5n] kfFr jiff] {+ ;] ;lqmo / x] ckx/ 0fsfl/ of] + sf ;+hfn 6"6f x} P] ;f bfaf jl/ i7 k|x/ L pk/ LIfs ;j] {Gb| vgfn g] lsof x} . jf] sxt] x} +, cfufdL s'5 jif{ d] + O; If] q d] + ckx/ 0f sL 36gf d] + ;+nUg ;d"x ;lqmo gxL+ xf] kfPFu] . af/ f k|x/ L s] lx/ f;t d] +

lbg] z l;+x sL lu/ km\tf/ L s] ;fy xL ckx/ 0f ;+hfn 6"6f

jL/ u~h ;"vf aGb/ ufx eG;f/ s] rfn" cfly{s jif{ sL / fh: j j;"nL sL l: ylt lg/ fzfhgs x} . eG;f/ , rfn" jif{ s] clwsf+z dxLg] d] + lgwf{l/ t nIo s] cg';f/ / fh: j j;"nL gxL+ s/ kfof x} .

clwsfl/ of] + sf sxgf x} ls, ;"vf aGb/ ufx eG;f/ d] + dfn;fdfg s] cfoft d] + pTkGg cj/ f] w s] sf/ 0f sf/ f] af/ gxL+ x'cf O;lnP / fh: j j;"nL k|efljt x'O{ x} . rfn" cfly{s jif{ s] a} zfv ts d] + eG;f/ !! ca{ #* s/ f] 8Þ $) nfv %& xhf/ ¿ko] / fh: j ;+sng sf nIo lgwf{/ 0f xf] g] s] afjh"b eL l;km{ !) ca{ ** s/ f] 8Þ $@ nfv *$ xhf/ ¿ko] ;+sng xf] g] sL hfgsf/ L k|d'v cRo't lzjfsf] 6L g] bL x} . ;+slnt / sd nIo sf (% bzdnj ^! k|ltzt x} .

eG;f/ s] Ps clwsf/ L g] atfof rfn" cfly{s jif{ @)&)÷&! s] lnP lgwf{l/ t nIo k"/ f gxL+ xf] ;stf pGxf] +g] …lxdflngLÚ ;] sxf ls / fh: j p7fg] sf cg'kft olb P] ;f xL / xf tf] lgwf{l/ t nIo k"/ f gxL+ xf] ;stf . eG;f/ ljefu g] p; sfof{no sf] rfn" jif{ s] lnP !# ca{ *$ s/ f] 8 (% nfv #( xhf/ / fh: j ;+sng sf nIo lbof yf .

eG;f/ ljefu g] h] i7 d] + Ps ca{ @! s/ f] 8 !@ nfv cf} / cfiff9Þ d] + Ps ca{ @% s/ f] 8Þ $@ nfv ¿kof ;+sng sf nIo lbof yf . n] lsg eG;f/ g] rfn" jif{ s] kxn] dxLg] d] + ;a ;] clws Ps

ca{ !# s/ f] 8Þ ¿kof ;+sng lsof yf . jx / sd nIo sL t'ngf d] + s/ La $ k|ltzt sd yL . eG;f/ clwsf/ L sf dfggf x} ls O; tYofª\s s] cfwf/ k/ s/ La @ dxLg] d] + nlIft / sd ;+sng gxL+ xf] ;stf . k/ , jif{ e/ s] Go"g j;"nL k"lt{ s] lnP ;"vf aGb/ ufx eG;f/ sf] ceL eL tLg ca{ ¿kof / fh: j ;+sng s/ gf k8Þ] uf .

jL/ u~h pBf] u jfl0fHo ;+3 s] sfo{jfxs cWoIf k|bLks'df/ s] l8of g] atfof ls aGb/ ufx Joj: yfkg d] + sdhf] / L sL jhx ;] ck] lIft sf/ f] af/ gxL+ xf] kfof x} . …aGb/ ufx d] + sG6] g/ 9f] g] sf sfd, nf] 8 cgnf] 8, uf] bfd sL] ckof{Kttf, c;'/ Iff h} ;L ;d: of s] sf/ 0f cfoft lgof{tstf{ lg/ fz x} + .Ú, s] l8of g] …lxdflngLÚ sf] sxf,

…xdg] ;'wf/ s] lnP Joj: yfkg ;] af/ –af/ cg'/ f] w lsof, cfZjf;g tf] ldnf lsGt' ;'wf/ gxL+ x'cf .Ú jL/ u~h ;"vf aGb/ ufx s] Joj: yfkg–;~rfng sL lhDd] bf/ L lxdfnog 6ld{gn k|f= ln= s/ tL cfO{ x} .

aGb/ ufx eG;f/ g] aGb/ ufx d] + xf] g] jfn] cj/ f] w s] sf/ 0f jL/ u~h ;"vf aGb/ ufx åf/ f sltko sG;fOGd] G6 g] gfsf d] + kl/ jt{g xf] g] s] sf/ 0f / fh: j ;+sng k|efljt x'cf x} P] ;f sxf x} . dd{t, / ] nj] hfd h} ;f sf/ 0f lbvf s/ ef/ tLo / ] nj] g] ;do ;do k/ ;"vf aGb/ ufx d] + / ] nj] 9'jfgL aGb s/ tf / xf x} . / ] nj] aGb xf] g] s] sf/ 0f kmfNu'g d] + ;"vf aGb/ ufx ;] dfq %( sG;fOGd] G6 cGoq hf kfof yf .

aGb/ ufx sL cJoj: yf ;] / fh: j j;"nL 36L

l/kf] 6{÷jL/u+h

/ x] lbg] z l;+x g] : jLsf/ lsof x} ls p;s] ks8Þ] hfg] sL jhx ;] ca P] ;L 36gf d] + sdL cfPuL .

;Da4 ;"qf] + s] cg';f/ lbg] z l;+x sL ;lqmotf d] + eQmk'/ sf afns la§' rf} w/ L sf ckx/ 0f xf] g] ;] kxn] k;f{ ;] Ps, af/ f ;] Ps, / f} tx6 ;] bf] JolStof] + sf ckx/ 0f x'cf yf . cu/ jf] O; ckx/ 0f d] + ;kmn xf] hft] tf] b'uf{ k"hf s] kxn] sd ;] sd rf/ nf] uf] + sf ckx/ 0f s/ t] , P] ;L pgsL of] hgf yL . af/ f s] k|x/ L pk/ LIfs O{Zj/ afa' sfsL{ g] sxf ls, la§' s] dfdn] d] + pGx] + hf] / sd ldntL p;] af/ f cf} / k;f{ s] a8Þ] lgdf{0f Jofkfl/ of] + s] ckx/ 0f d] + nuft] . cu/ ox gxL+ ks8Þf hftf tf] l: ylt cf} / eL eofjx xf] hftL .

k|f/ De d] + df] 6/ ;fOsn n"6kf6 åf/ f ck/ fw sL b'lgof d] + k|j] z s/ g] jfnf lbg] z l;+x @))^ ;] laxf/ k'ln; s] gf] l6; d] + cfof x} . ckx/ 0f tyf cj} w xlyof/ sf/ f] af/ d] + ;g\ @))* d] + h] n uof n] lsg jxfF ;] hdfgt k/ l/ xf xf] t] xL lkm/ ;] ck/ fw sL b'lgof d] + zfldn xf] uof . af/ f s] ;LdfjtL{ 3f] 8f;xg k'ln; yfgf s] OGrfh{ -xjnbf/ _ nlnt s'df/ s] cg';f/ laxf/ d] + ks8Þfg] s] afb jx @)!) d] + emf/ v08 rnf uof cf} / jxL+ z/ 0f lnof . jxL+ / xs/ p;g] ckg] lu/ f] x sf] dha"t lsof cf} / g] kfn d] + ck/ fw sf] c+hfd b] g] nuf .

@)^( ;fn cflZjg @! d] + ckxl/ t !( lgjf;L @! jifL{o o'js / fh' k|hfklt sf] 5'6fg] s] qmd d] + cg';Gwfg s/ t] ;do ox ktf nuf ls O;d] + df] ltxf/ L -laxf/ _ s] lbg] z l;+x sf xfy x} . teL ;] p;] ks8Þg] s] lnP g] kfn k'ln; k|of;/ t yL . ckx/ 0f d] + lbg] z l;+x sf xfy x} ox hfgsf/ L ef/ tLo k'ln; sf] lbof uof cf} / ;'k'b{uL s] lnP pg;] cfu|x lsof uof, ;a"t eL lbof uof lsGt' ef/ tLo gful/ s xf] g] s] sf/ 0f k'ln; g] ckgL c;dy{tf hflx/ sL .

lbg] z sL ;+nUgtf d] + xL !) efb| @)^( d] + / f} tx6 s] ;dgk'/ ( xlyof} n

6f] n s] cR5] nfn a} 7f sf !$ jifL{o a] 6f ;''lgn a} 7f cf} / !& r} t @)^( d] + dT;/ L * s] km] s' algof sf !* jifL{o a] 6f / fdrGb| ;fx s] ckx/ 0f xf] g] sL hfgsf/ L gf/ fo0fL c~rn k|x/ L sfof{no jL/ uGh g] bL yL . tLgf] + ;] !^ nfv ¿kof lkm/ f} tL n] s/ lbg] z sf] tf] 5f] 8Þf uof k/ , / f} tx6 s] ;'lgn a} 7f cf} / jL/ uGh s] / fh' k|hfklt sL cj: yf cfh eL c1ft x} . / fh' k|hfklt s] cleefjs g] lbg] z l;+x sf] b; nfv ¿kof lkm/ f} tL lbof yf, lkm/ eL p;] d'St gxL+ lsof uof . p;sL xTof sL cfz+sf sL hf / xL x} k/ O;sL k'li6 gxL+ xf] kfO{ x} .

;Ldf kf/ ;] lbg] z af/ f s] cdnb] j 7fs'/ cf} / cGo ljZjf;L JolStof] + s] åf/ f ckx/ 0f sf sfd c+hfd b] tf cfof yf . lkm/ f} tL sL / sd gxL+ ldng] ts ckxl/ t sf] df] ltxf/ L s] cf;kf; 5'kf s/ / vf hftf yf . O;s] abn] d] + pGx] + eL cR5L vf;L / sd bL hftL yL . la§' sf] laxf/ d] + 5'kfg] s] lnP lbg] z : yfgLo ;d"x sf] ef/ tLo rf/ nfv ¿kP b] g] jfnf yf ox k|x/ L sf sxgf x} . ckxl/ t sf] ckg] ;fy / vg] k/ ks8Þ] hfg] s] eo ;] lbg] z ckxl/ t JolSt sf l7sfgf abntf / xtf yf . O;lnP p;] ks8Þgf ;Dej gxL+ xf] kf / xf yf . cu/ O; af/ eL p;] g] kfn gxL+ a'nfof hftf / sd n] g] s] lnP tf] la§' sL l/ xfO{ c;Dej yL cf} / lbg] z l;+x sf] ks8Þgf eL cf;fg gxL+ yf .


skf]{/]6÷;dfrf/

sfa{g s] tLg go] : df6{ kmf] gsfa{g df] afOn s] g] kfn l: yt clws[t ljqm] tf PnfO{8 6«] 8

ln+s k|fln g] go] df‘8n s] tLg : df6{ kmf] g P; ((, P @% Kn; cf} / P %@ g] kfnL ahf/ d] + k|If] lkt lsof x} . P; (( : df6{kmf] g OG8«f] O8

s] cf] P; ls6Sof6 $=$ ck] / ] l8ª l;: 6d ;] ;~rflnt xf] tf x} . !%)) PdPPr kfj/ sL a} 6«L jfnL O; kmf] g sf d"No !) xhf/ ( ;f} %! ?kof x} . P %@ cf} / P @% Kn; bf] gf] + d] + PG8«f] O8 s] cf] P; $=@ h] nL ljg ck/ ] l6ª l;: 6d x} . !*)) PdPPr a} 6«L O; d] + xf] g] ;] nDa] ;do ts ox kmf] g sfd s/ ;stf x} .

tyf d] df] / L ;d] t #@ hLjL ts lj: tf/ lsof hf ;stf x} , P] ;f sDkgL sf sxgf x} . O; kmf] g sf d"No !) xhf/ $ ;f} $* ?ko] x} + . % xhf/ ( ;f} %# ?kof d"No jfnf P %@ d] + #=% OGr sf Soflkl;l6e 6r l: qmg, Ps d] ufxh{ sf 8'cnsf] / k|f] ;] ;/ , %!@ PdaL sf OG6/ gn d] df] / L, @ ;f} @% PdaL ¥ofdL, # PdaL Aofs Sofd/ f, O;sL ljz] iftfP+ x} + . O; d] + !$)) PdPPr Ifdtf sL a} 6«L / vL uO{ x} .

kxnL af/ g] kfn d] + se{ l6eLrf} w/ L ;d"x s] ;LhL On] S6«f] lgS; g] cTofw'lgs PnhL sf

se{ cf] PnO8L, km/ s] cN6«f Pr8L, : df6{ Kn; cf} / g] kfn afhf/ sf] nlIft s/ t] x'P cGo PnO8L 6LeL afhf/ d] + k|If] lkt lsof x} . PnhL On] S6«f] lgS; s] Pl;of If] q s] ;LOcf] ljgO{ 8] O{ lsd cf} /

l;+ufk'/ s] k|aGw lgb] {zs ;'g l;pk h+u cf} / rf} w/ L ;d"x s] k|aGw lgb] {zs lgjf{0f rf} w/ L g] / fhwfgL d] + cfof] lht sfo{qmd d] + O;] ;fj{hlgs lsof . PnhL sf ljlzi6 b[Zo u'0f: t/ , pRr: t/ Lo Od] h l86] n cf} / / +u s] rnt] bz{sf] + sf] Ps cnu cfef; ldn] uf, P] ;f bfjf sDkgL sf x} .

%% OGr s] se{ cf] Pn8L 6LeL s] sf/ 0f jf: tljs b[Zo xL b] v / x] x} +, bz{s sf] P] ;f efg xf] uf . j] a cf] P; ck/ ] l6ª l;: 6d s] rnt] bz{s Ps xL af/ d] + u] d v] n ;s] +u] , OG6/ g] 6 rnf kfP+u] cf} / 6LeL b] v ;s] +u] . Ogs] d"No sf / ] Gh @! xhf/ ;] !) nfv ts x} + .

lxdfnog a} +s sf ;xof] ulxdfnog a} +s ln= g] ckg] ;+: yfut ;fdflhs pQ/ bfloTj s]

cGt/ ut dWok'/ l7dL gkf–!& ;fgf] l7dL l: yt cf] d j4f>d s] j[4f+] sf] ;xof] u k|bfg lsof x} . a} +s g] pQm cf>d d] + cfl>t !! j[4f] + sf] rfb/ , lj5fjg, sk8Þf, / fO;s's/ , rfjn cflb k|bfg lsof x} . b] z s] ljleGg : yfgf] + ;] cfP czQm Pj+ c;xfo j[4–j4f sf] pQm j[4f>d lk5n] rf/ jiff] {+ ;] cf>o k|bfg s/ t] cf / xf x} . a} +s sL cf] / ;] a} +s s] k|d'v sfo{sf/ L clws[t czf] s zdz] / ha/ f g] pQm ;xof] u x: tfGt/ 0f lsof yf .

vfgf–v

hfgf lstg] nf] uf] + s] lnPM $

;fdu|L Msf] km\t] agfg] s] lno] –#)) u|fd kgL/ , $ 6] an : k"g c/ f/ f] 6,

@–# pan] x'o] cfn", gds : jfbfg';f/ , Ps rf} yfO{ 6L : k"g xNbL kfp8/ , @ x/ L ldr{, !÷@ O+r 6's8Þf cb/ s -s2"s; lsof x'cf_, cfwf 6L : k"g wlgof kfp8/ , ! !÷$ 6L : k"g cdr"/ kfp8/ , sf] km\t] tng] s] lnP t] n .

u|] jL s] lnP–# 6df6/ , @ x/ L ldr{, ! O+r nDaf

6's8Þf cb/ s, @ 6] an : k"g t] n, !÷$ 6L : k"g hL/ f, ! r'6sL xL+u, !÷$ 6L : k"g xNbL kfp8/ , ! 6L : k"g wlgof kfp8/ ,

cfwf sk qmLd, !÷$ 6L : k"g nfn ldr{ kfp8/ , gds : jfbfg';f/ , !÷$ 6L : k"g u/ d d;fnf .

uflg{z s] lno] – @ 6] =: k"g af/ Ls s6f x/ f wlgof .

ljlwMsf] km\t] agfg] s] lnP–kgL/ d] + c/ f/ f] 6 cf} / cfwL 5f] 6L

rDdr gds 8flnP, cR5L t/ x d;n s/ kgL/ sf] lrsgf cf} / d'nfod s/ nLlhP . cfn" 5LlnP lkm/ p;] cR5] ;] d} z s/ p;d] + gds, xNbL kfp8/ , x/ L ldr{, cb/ s, wlgof kfp8/ cf} / cdr"/ kfp8/ 8fns/ ldnfOP . O;s] afb O;]

k|ltef j+zn

e/ jf kgL/ sf] km\tf

k/+k/f

;fdfGotM : qL xf] of k'?if, ;eL nf] uf] + sf] ox hfgg] sL pT;'stf / xtL x} ls pgsf hLjg ;fyL s} ;f xf] uf < p;sf : jefj s} ;f xf] uf< Hof] ltif s] cg';f/ ox dfn"d lsof hf ;stf x} ls;L JolQm s] hLjg ;fyL sf : jefj cf} / eljio s} ;f xf] ;stf x} . oxf+ e[u' ;+lxtf s] cg';f/ atfof hf / xf x} ls ls;L : qL s] hLjg ;fyL sf : jefj s} ;f cf} / pgsf j} jflxs hLjg s} ;f xf] uf .

s'+8nL sf ;Ktd efj ljjfx sf sf/ s : yfg dfgf hftf x} . cnu–cnu nUg s] cg';f/ O; efj sL / flz cf} / : jfdL eL abn hft] x} + . ctM oxf+ h} ;L / flz / xtL x} , JolQm sf hLjg ;fyL eL j} ;f xL xf] tf x} .

hflgP ls;L : qL s] hLjg ;fyL sf : jefj cf} / vf; aft] + .d] ifM olb ls;L n8ÞsL sL s'+8nL s] ;Ktd

efj d] + d] if / flz l: yt x} tf] p;sf hLjg;fyL sO{ e"ld–ejg sf dflns xf] uf . Ogsf j} jflxs hLjg ;'vL cf} / ;d[l4zfnL / xtf x} .

j[ifM lhg sGofcf] + sL s'+8nL s] ;Ktd efj d] + j[if / flz l: yt x} , pGx] + ;'Gb/ cf} / u'0fjfg klt sL k|flKt xf] tL x} . Ogsf hLjg ;fyL dL7f af] ng] jfnf cf} / kTgL sL aft dfgg] jfnf xf] tf x} .

ldy'gM olb ls;L sGof sL s'+8nL d] + ;Ktd efj ldy'g / flz sf x} tf] p; sGof sf klt lbvg] d] + ;fdfGo, ;dembf/ cf} / cR5] ljrf/ f] + jfnf xf] tf x} . Ogsf hLjg ;fyL rt'/ Joj;foL xf] tf x} .

ss{6M lhg l: qof] + sL s'+8nL sf ;Ktd efj ss{ / flz sf x} , pgsf hLjg ;fyL

;'Gb/ / +u–¿k jfnf xf] tf x} . l;+xM ;ftjf+ efj l;+x / flz sf xf] tf]

Ogsf klt v'b sL aft dgjfg] jfnf xf] tf x} . Ogsf klt O{dfgbf/ xf] tf x} .

sGofM lh; n8ÞsL sL s'+8nL s] ;Ktd efj d] + sGof / flz xf] , p;sf klt ;'Gb/ cf} / u'0fjfg xf] tf x} . P] ;L n8ÞsL sf hLjg ljjfx s] afb cf} / clws cR5f xf] hftf x} .

t'nfM olb ls;L : qL sL s'+8nL d] + ;Ktd efj t'nf / flz sf xf] tf] O;sf : yfg sf : jfdL z'qm xf] uf . z'qm s] k|efj ;] Ogsf klt lzlIft cf} / ;'+b/ xf] uf . Ogsf hLjg ;fyL x/ ;d: of d] + kTgL sf ;fy b] g] jfnf xf] tf x} .

j[lZrsM lhg n8Þlsof] + sL s'+8nL sf ;Ktd efj j[lZrs / flz sf x} , pGx] + / flz : jfdL d+un s] k|efj ;] ;'lzlIft klt sL k|flKt xf] tL x} . Ogsf hLjg ;fyL sl7g kl/ >d s/ g] jfnf xf] tf x} .

wg'M sGof sL s'+8nL d] + ;Ktd efj wg' / flz xf] g] k/ klt : jfledfgL xf] tf x} . P] ;L sGof sf hLjg ;fyL ;fdfGo kl/ jf/ sf xf] tf x} cf} / ;fdfGo hLjg JotLt s/ tf x} .

ds/ M olb ls;L n8ÞsL sL s'+8nL sf ;Ktd efj ds/ / flz sf x} tf] p;sf hLjg ;fyL wfld{s sdf{] + d] + cTolws ¿lr / vtf x} . Ogsf ljZjf; lbJo zlQmof] + d] + clws / xtf x} .

s'DeM olb n8ÞsL sL s'+8nL sf ;Ktd efj s'De / flz x} tf] p;sf hLjg ;fyL cf: yfjfg cf} / ;Eo xf] tf x} . P] ;] n8ÞsL sf j} jflxs hLjg eL dw'/ xf] tf x} cf} / ;eL ;'v–;'ljwfcf] + jfnf xf] tf x} .

dLgM s'+8nL sf ;Ktd efj dLg / flz sf xf] g] k/ n8ÞsL sf klt u'0fjfg cf} / wfld{s xf] tf x} . o] nf] u cfsif{s JolQmTj jfn] xf] t] x} + .

oxf+ ;Ktd efj s] cg';f/ n8Þlsof] + s] klt sf ;fdfGo : jefj atfof x} . s'+8nL d] + cGo u|xf] + sL l: ylt s] cg';f/ sGof s] hLjg ;fyL sf : jefj leGg eL xf] ;stf x} . ;+k"0f{ s'+8nL sf cWoog s/ g] k/ Hofbf ;xL hfgsf/ L k|fKt sL hf ;stL x} .

s} ;f xf] uf ls;L : qL sf klt cf} / j} jflxs hLjg

af/ Ls cf} / cf6] sL t/ x u"+y s/ t} of/ s/ nLlho] .

ca kgL/ s] ld>0f ;] !@– !$ uf] n] a/ fa/ s] agf nLlhP . cfn" s] ld>0f ;] eL ptg] xL uf] n] agfs/ t} of/ s/ nLlhP . kgL/ s] Ps uf] n] sf] n] s/ xy] nL k/ / lvo] , rk6f sLlho] , cfn" sf Ps uf] nf p7fOo] cf} / kgL/ s] rk6] lso] uf] n] s] pmk/ / lvP, kgL/ sf] rf/ f] + cf] / ;] p7fs/ , cfn" s] uf] n] sf] aGb s/ t] x'o] uf] n s/ nLlhP, O;L t/ x ;f/ ] kgL/ s] uf] n] , d] + cfn" s] uf] n] e/ s/ t} of/ s/ s] Kn] 6 d] + nuf nLlhP . t} of/ uf] n] ;} 6 xf] g] s] lno] 20 ldg6 s] lnP lk|mh d] + / v bLlhP .

sf] km\tf tng] s] lno] s8ÞfxL d] + t] n 8fns/ u/ d sLlhP, t] n ko{fKt u/ d

xf] g] k/ 4–5 sf] km\t] u/ d t] n d] + 8flnP cf} / uf] N8g a|fpg xf] g] ts tn] + lkm/ p;] lgsfns/ Kn] 6 d] + / lvP, ;f/ ] sf] km\t O;L t/ x tn s/ lgsfn nLlhP .

u|] jL agfg] s] lno] –6df6/ wf] n] + ca p;] a8Þ] 6's8Þ] d] +

sf6 nLlhP, x/ L ldr{ s] 8+7n tf] 8Þ s/

wf] n] +, ;fy xL cb/ s sf] eL 5Ln s/ wf] n] + cf} / lkm/ p;] sf6s/ ;f/ L rLhf] + sf] ldS;/ d] + 8fns/ af/ Ls kL; n] + .

ca s8ÞfxL d] + t] n 8fns/ u/ d s/ hL/ f cf} / xL+u 8flnP, hL/ f xNsf a|fpg xf] g] k/ , xNbL, wlgof+ 8flno] , d;fnf xNsf ;f xL e"gg] k/ 6df6/ k] : 6 cf} / nfn ldr{ 8flnP . 6df6/ s] ksg] ts e"lgP, lkm/ qmLd 8fn s/ d;fn] sf] ta ts e"lgo] ha ts d;fn] s] pmk/ t] n g cf hfP .

cfjZostfg';f/ kfgL 8fns/ pafn cfg] s] afb @ ldg6 ts ksg] b] + cf} / ha u|] jL ks hfP ta u|] jL d] + sf] km\tf 8fns/ 9s b] + cf} / cf+r ;] ptf/ n] + . kgL/ e/ jf sf] km\tf s/ L x/ ] wlgo] ;] ;hfs/ / f] 6L, gfg, k/ f+7] of lkm/ rfjn s] ;fy ;j{ s/ ] +


d] if -r",r] ,rf] ,n,ln,n',n] ,n,c_ M d] if / flzjfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx ;fdfGotof cR5f xL x} . k/ Gt' dfx s] dWo d] + wgxflg, tyf dfgxflg sf] gsf/ f gxL+ hf ;stf tyf : qLsi6 sf eL eo x} , O;lnP b'uf{ ;KtztL sf kf7 nfes/ xf] uf . cz'e tf/ Lv, $,%,(,!),!&,!*,!(,@^,@&,@*,#! cGo z'e .

j[if – -O,p,P,cf] ,,j,lj,a',j] ,jf] _ j[if / flz jfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx clt z'ebfos x} . k/ Gt' dfx s] k"jf{4{ d] + eo tyf / f] u sL ;Defjgf x} cGo ;do nfesf/ L x} . wgfudg, 1fgj[l4, ;'vf] + d] + j[l4, tyf sfo{l;l4 sf of] u x} . cz'e tf/ Lv M !,@,#,^,&,*,!!,!@,@),@!,@*,@(,#) cGo z'e .

ldy'g – -s,ls,s',3,ª,5,s] ,sf] ,x_ ox dfx ldy'g / flz jfnf] + s] lnP ptgf z'ebfos gxL+ x} . dfx s] k"jf{4{ d] + ls+lrt wg/ flz k|flKt lsGt' cGo ;do d] + ;eL kIff] + d] + gsf/ fTds k|efj b] vg] sf] ldn] uf . tyflk efUo k|antf s] sf/ 0f lrGtfhgs gxL+ ç gdM lzjfo sf hfk nfek|b x} . cz'e tf/ Lv M $,%,(,!),!#,!$,@@,@#,#! cGo z'e .

ss{ -lx,x',x] ,xf] ,8,l8,8',8f] _ ox dfx ss{ / flz jfnf] + s] lnP ldl>t j[l4, : yfg xflg, tyf zq'eo s] of] u sf] gsf/ f gxL+ hf ;stf cfk s] lnP b'uf{ ;KtztL sf kf7 z'e x} . cz'e tf/ Lv M ^,&,*,!!,!@,!%,!^,@$,@% cGo z'e .

l;+x –-d,ld,d',d] ,df] ,6,l6,6',6] _ ox dfx l;+x / flz jfnf] + s] lnP z'ebfos x} . dfx s] k"jf{4 d] + wg k|flKt, ;'v k|flKt, ljleGg nfe tyf pQ/ f4{ eL cR5f x} . k/ Gt' cfsl: ds lrGtf sf of] u x} . u'? sL pkf;gf s/ ] + . cz'e tf/ Lv M (,!),!#,!$,!&,!*,!(,@$,@% cGo z'e .

sGof – -6f] ,k,lk,k',if,0f,7,k] ,kf] _ sGof / flz jfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx ;fdfGotof z'e x} . tyflk ptf/ cf} / r9Þfj sL l: ylt / x] uL . hxfF wg k|flKt, ljleGg nfe tyf sfo{ l;l4 xf] uL, jxL+ dg r+rn, zf/ Ll/ s si6 sf] gsg/ f gxL+ hf ;stf . pQ/ f4{ d] + / fHo kIf ;] nfe xf] uf . cfks] lnP xg'dfg rfnL;f sf kf7 nfes/ l;4 xf] uf .

cz'e tf/ Lv M !,@,#,!!,!@,!#,!%,!^,@),@!,@*,@(,#) cGo z'e .t'nf —-/ ,l/ ,/ ,/ ] ,/ f] ,t,lt,t',t] _ O; / flz jfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx z'e

x} , dfx s] k"jf{4{ d] + wgxflg ljklQ xf] t] x'P eL ljleGg nfe, wg k|flKt, tyf pGglt cf} / pQ/ f4{ d] + eL z'ebfos k/ Gt' zf/ Ll/ s si6 sf] gsf/ f gxL+ hf ;stf . O;lnP b'uf{ ;KtztL sf kf7 nfes/ xf] uf . cz'e tf/ Lv M $,%,!#,!$,!&,!*,!(,@@,@#,#! cGo z'e .

j[lZrs – -tf] ,g,lg,g,g] ,gf] ,o,lo,o'_ O; / flz jfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx pQd gxL+ x} . tyflk dfx s] k"jf{4{ d] + ;'v j[l4 xf] uL . tyf pQ/ f4{ d] + kL8Þf ,ljklQ zf] s xf] t] x'P eL ;fdflhs sfo{ d] + ;kmntf ldn] uL . cz'e tf/ Lv M ^,&,*,!%,!^,@),@!,@$,@% cGo z'e .

wg' – -o] ,of] ,e,le,e',w,km,9,d] _ O; / flz jfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx si6bfos / x] uf . dfx s] k"jf{4{ d] + Joy{ e|d0f, zf] s, xflg, zq'eo k/ Gt' pQ/ f4{ ;fdfGotof ;+tf] ifhgs / x] uf . cfk s] lnP lzjk"hg nfes/ xf] uf . cz'e tf/ Lv M (,!),!&,!*,!(,@@,@#,@^,@&,@* cGo z'e .

ds/ -ef] ,h,lh,lv,v',v] ,vf] ,u,lu_ ds/ / flz jfnf] + s] lnP eL ox dfx z'e gxL+ x} . e|d0f, kL8Þf, / f] u, xflg tyf zq'eo sf ;fdgf s/ gf k8Þ ;stf x} . tyflk pQ/ f4{ d] + sfo{l;l4 tyf k'q ;'v k|flKt xf] uL . cz'e tf/ Lv M !,@,#,!!,!@,!#,@),@!,@$,@%,@*,@(,#) cGo z'e / x] uf .

s'De – -u',u] ,uf] ,;,l;,;',;] ,;f] ,b_ ox dfx ldl>t kmnbfos / x] uf . dfx s] k"jf{4{ d] + cfly{s sdL, si6, zf] s tyf wd{xflg tyflk nfe cf} / ljho k|flKt tyf pQ/ f4{ d] + ;fdfGo tyf ;eL kIf ;'wf/ fTds / x] +u] . tyflk dg Psfu|tf sL cfjZostf x} . cz'e tf/ Lv $,%,!#,!$,@@,@#,@^,@&,@*,#! cGo z'e .

dLg -lb,b',y,em,~f,b] ,bf] ,r,lr_ dLg / flz jfnf] + s] lnP ox dfx ;fdfGotof z'ebfos / x] uf . k"jf{4{ d] + clws Joo, si6, zf] s tyf zq'eo k/ Gt' pQ/ f4{ d] + ;eL kIff] + d] + ;kmntf ldn] uL . cfk ç gdM lzjfo sf hfk s/ ] + . cz'e tf/ Lv M !,@,#,^,&,*,!%,!^,@$,@%,@*,@(,#) cGo z'e .

-ox / flzkmn ! dfr{ ;] n]s/ #! dfr{ ts nfu" xf]uf_/ flzkmn k|: t't / flzkmn h'nfO{ ! ;]

h'nfO{ #) ts nfu" xf]uf

n]vsM k+=Hof]= x/ ]s[i0f emf -Hof]ltiffrfo{_df]= g= (*$$)&@!(^, sf7df+8"

jL/ u+h ÷ ;b\efjgf kf6L{ s] / fi6«Lo pkfWoIf Pj+ ;ef;b nId0fnfn s0f{ g] ckg] ;f+;b sf] z ;] k;f{ lhnf s] ljleGg ljBfnof] + d] + sDKo"6/ ljtl/ t lsof . pGxf] +g] g] kfn / fi6«Lo nId0f ;fx rGb|Hof] lt dflj, / +uk'/ 6f8L, g] / fg] dflj, eLvdk'/ , o+u : 6f/ o'jf Sna, auxL, g] / fpdflj b] p/ jfgf sf] ckg] ;f+;b sf] z ;] Ps–Ps sDKo"6/ x: tfGl/ t lsof . O; aft sL hgsf/ L kf6L{ s] lhnfWoIf lghfd'2Lg ;dfgL g] bL . pGxf] +g] ox eL atfof ls O;;] k"j{ eL Ogs] PlR5s sf] z ;] tLg ljBfnof] + sf] sDKo"6/ x: tfGtl/ t lsP uP . ;fdflhs sfof] {+ d] ;f+;b sf] z sf O; t/ x sf pkof] u Ps ;sf/ fTds sbd dfgf hf ;stf x} .

;f+;b sf] z ;] sDKo"6/ ljt/ 0f

ef/ t s] k|Voft 8fG; k|ltof] lutf d] + $) xhf/ k|lt: k4L{ sf] kL5] s/ t] x'P g] kfn sL t] l/ of g] hLt xfl;n sL x} . pTs[i6 6f‘k rf/ d] + kx'Frg] s] afb c+ltd km} ;nf jf] l6+u s] cfwf/ k/ xf] gf yf . lh;d] + t] l/ of g] ;a;] clws dt k|fKt lsP . pGx] + b] z ljb] z ;] g] kflnof] + sf dt cf} / z'esfdgf k|fKt x'cf cf} / jf] ljhoL agL . d'DaO{ d] + x'P tLg cfl8zg, gO{ lbNnL d] + x'P 6] lnlehg cfl8zg d] + ! ;f} @ k|ltof] luof] + cf} / sf] l/ of] u|fkm / fpG8 d] + #^ k|ltof] luof] +, d] uf / fpG8 d] + pTs[i6 !^ k|ltof] luof] + d] + ;] rolgt xf] t] x'P t] l/ of g] dxfg hLt xfl;n sL x} . sfo{s|d d] + g] kfnL d"n sL ef/ tLo sf] nsftf sL cg'isf If] qL k|yd / g/ ck, a] +unf] / sL ;flWjg z] 6\6L lb\jtLo / g/ ck cf} / rfy] : yfg k/ xflb{s ?kf/ ] n cfP . ;eL k|ltof] uL Ps ;] a9Þ s/ Ps y] .

a'6jn l: yt afu] Zj/ L ;+uLtfno d] + ljut kfFr jiff] {+ ;] t] l/ of g[To ;LvtL cfO{ x} . ?b|k'/ s] kL; NofG8 e"= k"= ;} lgs ljBfno d] + sIff kfFr sL 5fqf x} . O;L : s"n d] + t] l/ of sL dfF s} lG6g ;+rfng s/ tL x} . t] l/ of s] sfo{s|d sf] b] vg]

dgf]/~hg

5f] 6L pd| sL a8ÞL p8Þfg M t] l/ of du/

lkmNd Ps ljn] g s] 8fo/ ] S6/ df] lxt ;"/ L s] lnP bf] x/ L v'zL sf df} sf x} . Ps tf] pgsL lkmNd sL tf/ Lkm xf] / xL x} cf} / b";/ L pgsL axg : dfOnL ;"/ L g] ckg] d+u] t/ ;] zfbL s/ nL x} . : dfOnL g] ckg] 8f+; 6Lr/ ljgLt a+u] / f ;] zfbL sL . efO{ df] lxt ;"/ L sL lkmNd …sno'uÚ ;] af‘nLj'8 d] + 8] Ao" s/ g] jfnL : dfOnL g] a'wjf/ sf] ljgLt s] ;fy zfbL / rfO{ . df] lxt sL axg sL zfbL Ps lghL ;df/ f] x yf lh;d] + af‘nLj'8 ;] sf] O{ eL zfldn gxL+ x'cf yf . df] lxt sn ts lkmNd Ps ljn] g sL ;S;] ; kf6L{ cf} / k|] ; dL6 d] + gh/ cf / x] y] , n] lsg pgsL axg sL zfbL d] + ls;L sf] eL OGjfO6 gxL+ lsof uof yf . uf} / tna x} ls O; skn g] #! dfr{, @)!$ sf] ax't xL ;fb] ;df/ f] x d] + ;ufO{ sL yL . ljgLt

s] lnP p;s] lktf b'aO{ ;] cfP y] .krf; nfv ef/ tLo ?kof k'/ : sf/

/ flz s] ;fy xL t] l/ of g] cf} / eL sO{ k'/ : sf/ k|fKt lsP x} + . 8f+; k|ltof] lutf d] + ljhoL xf] g] jfnL t] l/ of g] g] kfn s] uf} / j sf] a9Þfof x} .

cf} / : dfOnL sL d'nfsft 8f+; Snf; s] bf} / fg x'O{ yL, hxf+ ljgLt : dfOnL sf] 8f+; sf k|lzIf0f b] t] y] . lk5n] ;fn lbjfnL k/ ljgLt g] : dfOnL sf] l/ +u b] s/ k|kf] h lsof yf . dx] z e§ g] ckgL etLhL sf] zfbL sL z'esfdgfP+ bL x} + .

:dfOnL g] / rfO{ zfbL

58 lxdflngL h'nfO{ 2014lxdflngL h'nfO{ 2014 5956 lxdflngL h'nfO{ 2014

dgf]/~hg

n] s/ xd bLjfgf lbn…n] s/ xd bLjfgf lbnÚ g s] jn c/ dfg

h} g alNs O; lkmNd d] + pgs] ckf] lh6 gh/ cfg] jfnL bLIff ;] 7 cf} / O; lkmNd s] lgb{] zs cfl/ km cnL sL eL 8] Ao" lkmNd x} . cfl/ km dzx"/ lkmNd lgb{] zs OlDtofh cnL s] efO{ x} + .

sxfgLM lkmNd sL sxfgL lbg] z pkm{ 8Lgf] -c/ dfg_ cf} / sl/ Zdf -bLIff ;] 7_ s] Ob{–lub{ 3"dtL x} . bf] gf] + cR5] bf] : t x} + . lkm/ Ps lbg bf] gf] + 3/ ;] efug] sf lg0f{o n] t] x} + cf} / ckg] k] / ] +6\; ;] 5'ks/ zfbL s/ n] t] x} + . O;s] afb bf] gf] + s] ;fdg] sO{ d'lZsn] + cfgL z'¿ xf] hftL x} + . bf] gf] + sf] ckgL unltof+ eL ;dem cfg] nutL x} + . lkmNd o'jfcf] + sf] Wofg d] + / vs/ agfO{ uO{ x} . lkmNd unltof] + cf} / pg;] ;as n] g] sL sxfgL aof+ s/ tL x} .

lgb{] zgM cfl/ km cnL sf lgb{] zg a] xb sdhf] / x} . lkmNd d] + jxL l3;L-lk6L nj : 6f] / L x} lh;] xd ca ts sL sO{ af‘nLj'8 lkmNdf] +

d] + b] v r's] x} + . lkmNd b] vs/ nutf x} ls cfl/ km g] zfob O;] agfg] ;] kxn] ckg] efO{ OlDtofh cnL -hfg] –dfg] 8fo/ ] S6/ _ ;] l6K; gxL+ lnP . lkmNd d] + g : 6f] / L x} , g Do"lhs, ;r

sxf hfP tf] Ps eL P] ;f sf/ 0f gxL+ lh;s] lnP ox lkmNd b] vg] s] lnP l;g] df3/ sf ?v lsof hfP .

s} ;L x} PlS6uM / fhsk"/ s] gftL c/ dfg h} g ckgL kxnL lkmNd d] + PlS6+u s] dfdn] d] + a] xb sdhf] / ;flat x'P x} + . pg;] cfk cun]

/ 0faL/ sk"/ xf] g] sL pDdLb g xL nufP+ tf] a] xt/ x} . pGx] + ceL O+8: 6«L d] + ckgL kxrfg agfg] s] lnP n+af ;+3if{ s/ gf k8Þ] uf . jxL+ bLIff ;] 7 sL aft sL hfP tf]

c/ dfg s] d'sfan] pGxf] +g] sxL+ a] xt/ PlS6+u sL x} . s'5 ;LG; d] + bLIff ckgL PlS6+u ;] sfkmL ODk|] ; s/ tL x} + cf} / pGx] + b] vs/ nutf x} ls jx O+8: 6«L d] + n+aL kf/ L v] n ;stL x} + . s} ;f x} Do"lhs: lkmNd sf Do"lhs ;'gs/ Ps kn tf] e/ f] ;f gxL+ xf] tf ls O;] P . cf/ / xdfg g] lbof x} . vnLkmf ufg] s] cnfjf, lkmNd d] + P] ;f sf] O{ eL ufgf gxL+ lh;] bf] af/ f ;'gg] sL OR5f xf] , a} su|fp+8 : sf] / 7Ls x} .

;a;] ;] S;L bLlksfaf‘nLj'8 sL l8+kn un{ bLlksf kfb'sf] 0f sf] Ps ;j{] s]

bf} / fg ljZj sL ;a;] ;] S;L dlxnf dfgf uof x} . xfn xL d] + Ps k|lti7t d} uhLg åf/ f Ps ;j{] lsof uof yf . O; ;j{] d] + !)) ;] S;L dlxnfcf] + d] + bLlksf sf] b'lgof sL ;a;] ;] S;L dlxnf dfgf uof x} . xfnf+ls bLlksf sf sxgf x} ls b'lgof sL ;a;] ;] S;L dlxnf r'g] hfg] d] + pgsL ;'+b/ tf cf} / zf/ Ll/ s / rgf sf sf] O{ xfy gxL+ x} . bLlksf g] sxf ls ha ;] jx lkmNd d] + sfd s/ / xL x} ta ;] pGxf] +g] ckg] ls/ bf/ sf] av"aL lgefg] sL sf] lzz sL x} . pGxf] +g] sxf ls pgs] sfd sf] bz{sf] + g] sfkmL k;+b lsof x} cf} / O;L sf kl/ 0ffd x} ls ;j{] d] + pGx] + b'lgof sL ;] S;L dlxnf s] ¿k d] + r'gf uof x} . d} + a] xb v'zls: dt x"+ ls d'em] bf] -tLg ;fnf] + d] + lh; t/ x s] ls/ bf/ lgefg] sf] ldn / x] x} j] Ps-b";/ ] ;] sfkmL cnu x} . bLlksf kfb'sf] 0f sL xfn xL d] + tldn lkmNd …sf] rfbfOof+Ú k|blz{t x'O{ x} . bLlksf sL cfg] jfnL lkmNdf] + d] + …kmfO+l8+u km} gL kmgf{8L;Ú cf} / …x} KkL Go" O{o/ Ú k|d'v x} .

d"jL l/Jo"

60 lxdflngL h'nfO{ 2014

hindi magazine July 2014

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