Highlights of iNEMI 2015 Environmentally Sustainable Electronics Roadmap Matthew Chalkley, IBM 2015 ESE TIG Chair, 2017 TWG Chair
Highlights of iNEMI 2015 Environmentally Sustainable Electronics Roadmap
Matthew Chalkley, IBM
2015 ESE TIG Chair,2017 TWG Chair
ContributorsJackie Adams – Chair IBM
Mark Leimbeck – Co-Chair UL
Stephen Tisdale – Co-Chair Intel
Energy
• Jay Dietrich IBM
• Erica Logan (Chair) ITIC
• Chris Saunders Lexmark
• Shahid Sheikh Intel
• Gary Verdun Dell
Sustainability
• Matt Chalkley IBM
• Marcel Dartee PolyOne
• Joe Kuczynski (Chair) IBM
• Paul Nowatski Bayer Materials Science
• Tom Okrasinski Alcatel-Lucent
• Matt Rudolf RSB Services
• Edwin Tam Tecknor Apex
• Jason Wertz IBM
Recycling
• Chris Cleet (Chair) ITIC
• Brian Ivory Intel
• Renee St.Denis SIMS Recycling
• Mike Watson Electronic Recyclers International, Inc.
• Ruediger Kuehr United Nations University (UNU), Institute for the
Advanced Study of sustainability
Materials
• Charles E. Bauer, Ph.D. (Chair) TechLead Corporation
• Mike Bixenman Kyzen
• Roland Chin Intel
• Mina Cordioli IBM
• Leo Kenny Intel
• Jens Mueller Technische Universitat de Ilmenau
• Kyong Wook Paik KAIST
• Horatio Quinones Hilarco
• Alan Rae Alfred Technology Resources Inc.
• Arjen Salemink Alcatel-Lucent
• Keith Sweatman Nihon Superior
• Linda Young Intel
• Bozena Kaminska Simon Fraser University
• Kevin Martin AtoTech
• Ning Cheng Lee Indium Corporation
Eco design
• Anne Brinkley IBM
• Mark Dowling Giraffe Innovation Ltd.
• Pamela Gordon Technology Forecasters Inc.
• Walter Jager ECD Compliance
• Lise Laurin EarthShift
• Thomas Okrasinski Alcatel-Lucent
• Jeff Omelchuck (Chair) Green Electronics Council
• Bill Schaeffer Alcatel Lucent
• Harvey Stone RSJ Technical Consulting
2
Roadmap Contents
1. Executive Summary
2. Sustainability
3. Energy
4. Materials
5. Recycling
6. Eco design
7. Summary
Typical Sub-chapter Sections
1. Introduction
2. Situation Analysis
3. Critical Issues
4. Technology and Business Needs
5. Gaps and Showstoppers
6. Recommendations
3
Compared to 2013 ESE Chapter: It Grew!
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20
40
60
80
100
120
2013 2015
Pages
Pages
4
Sustainability
PEOPLE
PLANET PROFIT
*Triple bottom line (abbreviated as TBL or 3BL) is an
accounting framework with three parts: social,
environmental (or ecological) and financial. These three
divisions are also called the three Ps: people, planet
and profit, or the "three pillars of sustainability".
*source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_bottom_line
How is “Sustainability”
defined?
“Meeting the needs of the
present without compromising
the ability of future generations
to meet their own needs” - UN
World Commission on
Environment and Development,
1987
5
Sustainability - Highlights, GAPs and Showstoppers
• Sustainability as a differentiator – product design and procurement decisions.
• Focus on Environmental Sustainability from a full Lifecycle Perspective.
• Large focus on improvements from application of ICT.
• Possible energy efficiency improvements of electronics.
• Operational efficiencies within electronics manufacturing facilities,
recommends Green Sigma approach.
6
Sustainability - Highlights, GAPs and Showstoppers
• Increased impacts due to more devices globally.
Source: http://spectrum.ieee.org/telecom/internet/ip-traffic-in-2017-14-zettabytes
Source: http://www.forbes.com/sites/louiscolumbus/2013/09/12/idc-87-of-connected-devices-by-2017-will-be-tablets-and-smartphones/
7
Sustainability - Highlights, GAPs and Showstoppers
• Many companies still lack the structural framework to enable corporate
oversight of sustainability.
• Privacy and Data Security Issues may inhibit adoption of cloud computing.
8
Sustainability Recommendations
• Continue to develop technologies that better measure and track energy /
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions progress.
• Compliance to new US Federal procurement requirements on their
suppliers.
• Participate in strategies to achieve the ’first billion’ tons of GHG emissions
reduction by 2030 and spark a transformation.
• ICT must continuously improve on its direct or “2%” footprint.
• ICT needs to uniformly develop and adopt tools to more easily estimate and
provide eco-impact information on its products.
• ICT must continuously improve on its water footprint.
• Motivate the electronics industry itself as well as in other industry sectors to
implement the enabling effect of ICT.
• Innovate better ways to measure and report on energy efficiency / eco-
impact reduction.
• Cloud computing impacts
9
iNEMI ESE Roadmap and Vision
Sustainability 2014
Today
2019
Technical Plan
2024
Research Plan
2034
Vision
Meet the four goals identified below:
Achieving the triple bottom
line through all phases of the
product life cycle
Companies are
looking beyond,
developing more
long-term
technology
producing
greener
electronics,
beginning to
understand what
life cycle
environmental
and societal
costs are being
externalized. Still
more work to do.
Begin making progress
on green house gases,
energy, and resource
utilization
Develop tools to
directly/indirectly
measure GHG
emissions and energy
and resource
utilization.
• Business decisions are aligned with
sustainability objectives
• All life cycle costs have been internalized in
electronic products
• All ICT hardware is manufactured in
facilities with best-in-class health, safety,
and environmental standards globally with
employees earning a living wage, no forced
labor, no forced overtime, no child labor, no
discrimination, and workers have freedom of
association
• Hazardous emissions to air, water, land are
eliminated.
• People and communities benefit
Achieving success in the
following four areas
Further discussed in
the subsections of the
roadmap
Energy
• Product energy efficiency remains a priority for the Information and
Communications Technology sector; demanded my customers globally.
• Computing devices fall generally fall into two categories:
11
Energy - Highlights, Gaps and Showstoppers
• Optimizing energy consumption of the system or network is key.
• In contrast there are declining gains of device energy efficiency.
12
Energy - Highlights, Gaps and Showstoppers
• Increasing global regulation of energy efficiency, and increasing voluntary
programs – access to markets e.g. Energy Star
• Increasing global data traffic, plus increasing number of devices
• Increasing focus on carbon footprinting of devices, but difficult to
differentiate because of common design and supply chain.
• Diverging specifications have caused creation of ITI 9 “Principles of
Aligning Energy Efficiency Regulations”.
• Increasing regulations and voluntary programs with diverging requirements.
• Inability of regs and voluntary schemes to manage energy efficiency of
complex networks, compounded by growth of “internet of things”.
13
Energy Recommendations
• Focus on “Intelligent Efficiency”
• Recognize industry trends in order to assess industry impact.
• iNEMI should support or initiate a project on cloud computing energy
metrics.
• Develop methods and work with governments to promote policies that
recognize unique functionality of new technologies.
• Develop tools and metrics to address new technologies and new trends.
• Promote harmonization in global energy efficiency requirements.
14
iNEMI ESE Roadmap and Vision
Energy 2014
Today
2019
Technical Plan
2024
Research Plan
2034
Vision
The Energy Savings from ICT over
the next 20 years is greater than the
2034 Use – Measured in terms of ICT
enabled energy efficiency in the
greater economy
Net energy consumption
reduction of ICT systems
Meet legal
requirements &
other
procurement
mandates such
as ENERGY
STAR®
program in
targeted market
segments and
product
categories
Internationally
recognized metrics
and goals for EE of
ICT systems
developed
Systems
approach used in
designing new
infrastructure
products like 6G
Deploy new products and systems which
achieve the vision
Evaluate Energy Savings
through ICT Applications
Primitive Accurate
Measurement of
impact of ICT “cloud”
Reasonable
Measurements of
impact of sensors
and applications
Accurate measurement techniques to verify
achievement of vision
Materials Highlights, Gaps and Showstoppers
• Proliferation of RoHS-like regulations globally.
• There needs to be better alignment and enhanced communication between
industry and the regulatory authorities.
• Still very difficult to get good info on materials in electronics products.
• Increasing focus on transparency, reporting.
• Birth of nanomaterial regulations.
• Increasing materials restrictions based on social issues – conflict free.
16
Materials Recommendations
• Better standards and tools to track materials info throughout the supply
chain.
• Increase activities to develop methodologies for assessing materials and
their alternatives based on REACH.
• iNEMI has an opportunity to create or develop an industry “user group” to
facilitate and coordinate communications and lobbying efforts between the
industry and regulatory organizations as well as grass roots movements
and NGOs.
• Increase focus and cross-industry discussion on the assessment and
reporting of nanomaterials.
• Aspirational - Paint a materials supply chain portrait for the industry that
includes competitive industry demands as well as improved standards,
processes and tools.
17
iNEMI ESE Roadmap and Vision
Materials 2014
Today
2019
Technical Plan
2024
Research Plan
2034
Vision
Materials and Processes cause no
Harm
Introduction of halogen
reduced technologies
Exceeds legal
requirements
Meets legal
requirements and
has driven to a more
common goal of
standardizing
Flammability, Acidity
and various other
safety and
mechanical
requirements
Chemicals/materials used
in products
Meet Legal
Requirements
Have scientifically
evaluated
alternatives for all
materials of concern
Have
scientifically
evaluated all
materials
No chemical or materials selection is made
without an alternatives assessment, or the
substance is on the “good” list
Use Biologically Benign Substances
Resources are not wasted
Impact of Extraction of
Materials (mining and
recycling)
Meet Legal
Requirements
First generation of
models
on the impact of
extraction
Effective Models
to make informed
decisions
Impact studies using scientifically validated
models are required globally and used for
decision making
Recycling Highlights, Gaps and Showstoppers
• The need for responsible end of life management of obsolete electronics is
increasing across the globe.
• Increasing global regulations.
• CRT glass still a big problem.
• Collection rates continue to be poor, even in countries with strong
regulations.
• Areas have been prioritized for research:
– Recycling
– Materials
– Eco-Design
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Recycling Recommendations
• Assign resources to the prioritized research and development areas as
noted in the Critical Issues section.
• In conjunction with the sustainability, materials, and eco design sub
chapter of the Roadmap, support standardized design guidelines to
facilitate environmentally sound recovery and recycling.
20
iNEMI ESE Roadmap and Vision
Recycling 2014
Today
2019
Technical Plan
2024
Research Plan
2034
Vision
A Truly Closed-Loop Society
% recycled Meet Legal
Requirements
80% of Metals, 10% of
Polymers
90% of Metals,
50% of
Polymers
100 % Recycled or Reused
Recycling Processes
and Systems
Meet Legal
Requirements
Clear definition of what
the term “recyclable”
means, identify and
promulgate recycling
best practices
Companies, consumers, and all
people in the supply chain are
accountable
Eco-Design Highlights, Gaps and Showstoppers
• TFI study shows EcoDesign programs mostly in larger companies, mostly
focused on compliance.
• Drivers for EcoDesign include regulatory compliance, voluntary programs,
and desire to enhance or protect brand image.
• Business case for EcoDesign is under-appreciated.
• LCA is key tool for EcoDesign but remains difficult to apply. Streamlined
techniques often ignore important impacts.
• Eco-label standards can provide useful guidance.
22
Eco Design Recommendations
• Continue to support the harmonization of environmental requirements
globally.
• Support further research and broad industry dialog on design strategies for
reducing the waste impact of electronic product evolution and
obsolescence.
• iNEMI can play a leading role in continuing to develop better standards and
protocols for communicating environmental requirements and attributes up
and down the supply chain
• Develop better forums for sharing eco-design best practices, thus
accelerating improvement.
• Continue to invest in better LCA tools.
23
Eco Design Recommendations
• Promote the incorporation of environmental considerations in university
and professional training in electronics design. Encourage companies to set
eco-design policies and goals
• Continue to develop and improve product category rules (PCRs) for
electronic products and services to enable consistent comparison of LCA
data and enable better design decisions.
• Conduct research on under-served markets to characterize volumes and
product types of equipment disposition, asset recovery and recycling
technology.
• Increase exposure of executives to the business case for eco-design,
especially executives from SMEs.
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iNEMI ESE Roadmap and Vision
Eco-Design 2014
Today
2019
Technical Plan
2024
Research Plan
2034
Vision
Eco-Design is
universally applied to
ensure that all
electronic products
are sustainable.
Use of Eco-Design Many large companies
have Eco-Design
programs to assure that
regulatory and market
requirements are met
Eco-Design is a required
curriculum element for
engineers and designers. All
electronics companies have an
Eco-Design program
Eco-Design programs
consider and
significantly reduce all
impacts of electronics
throughout their
lifecycle
Eco-Design is universally
applied to ensure that all
electronic products are
sustainable.
Use of LCA and other tools Generic Tools for certain
product classes
Robust datasets exist for
specific semiconductors and
other major components.
LCAs consider impacts over
multiple product use lives.
LCA integrated into
most CAD tools to aid
design decisions and
trade-offs
Detailed, complex LCA-type
calculations are routinely
and automatically performed
as part of design phase.
Communication of
environmental impacts
throughout supply chain
Many components have
incomplete materials
content datasheets.
Sometimes difficult to
obtain them.
Industry agreement on
common data protocol for
communicating direct and
indirect materials “content” of
products through supply chain.
Leading manufacturers making
data available in common
database.
Database/ reporting
tool universally used
for all electronics,
includes all embodied
environmental
impacts.
For every electronic product
sold, a report can be easily
and freely obtained of all
embodied environmental
impacts and the net should
be zero for all products.
www.inemi.org
Bill Bader
Grace O’Malley
Chuck Richardson