Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature. Highland Science Department Ionic Nomenclature the more metallic element always comes first.

Highland Science Department

Ionic Nomenclature

Highland Science Department

Ionic Nomenclature

the more metallic element always comes first

Highland Science Department

Ionic Nomenclature

Multivalent Ions: metals with more than one common valence

-the possible valences are indicated on your periodic table

Highland Science Department

Ionic Nomenclature

Multivalent Ions: metals with more than one common valence

-the possible valences are indicated on your periodic table

Polyatomic Ions: groups of atoms that behave as a single ion

Highland Science Department

Ionic Nomenclature

Polyatomic Ions:acetate CH3COO1-

ammonium NH41+

hydroxide OH1-

cyanide CN1-

permanganate MnO41-

thiocyanate SCN1-

hydrogen carbonateHCO31- (bicarbonate)

Highland Science Department

Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids

One extra oxygen(per-ate)

Basic Ion(-ate)

One fewer oxygen(-ite)

Two fewer oxygen (hypo-ite)

ClO31-

chlorate

NO31-

nitrate

CO32-

carbonate

SO42-

sulfate

PO43-

phosphate

Highland Science Department

Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids

One extra oxygen(per-ate)

Basic Ion(-ate)

One fewer oxygen(-ite)

Two fewer oxygen(hypo-ite)

ClO41-

perchlorateClO3

1-

chlorate

NO41-

pernitrateNO3

1-

nitrate

CO42-

percarbonateCO3

2-

carbonate

SO52-

persulfateSO4

2-

sulfate

PO53-

perphosphatePO4

3-

phosphate

Highland Science Department

Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids

One extra oxygen(per-ate)

Basic Ion(-ate)

One fewer oxygen (ite)

Two fewer oxygen (hypo-ite)

ClO41-

perchlorateClO3

1-

chlorateClO2

1-

chlorite

NO41-

pernitrateNO3

1-

nitrateNO2

1-

nitrite

CO42-

percarbonateCO3

2-

carbonateCO2

2-

carbonite

SO52-

persulfateSO4

2-

sulfateSO3

2-

sulfite

PO53-

perphosphatePO4

3-

phosphatePO3

3-

phosphite

Highland Science Department

Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids

One extra oxygen(per-ate)

Basic Ion(-ate)

One fewer oxygen (ite)

Two fewer oxygen (hypo-ite)

ClO41-

perchlorateClO3

1-

chlorateClO2

1-

chloriteClO1-

hypochlorite

NO41-

pernitrateNO3

1-

nitrateNO2

1-

nitriteNO1-

hyponitrite

CO42-

percarbonateCO3

2-

carbonateCO2

2-

carboniteCO2-

hypocarbonite

SO52-

persulfateSO4

2-

sulfateSO3

2-

sulfiteSO2

2-

hyposulfite

PO53-

perphosphatePO4

3-

phosphatePO3

3-

phosphitePO2

3-

hypophosphite

Highland Science Department

Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids

NICK the CAMEL had a CLAM for SUPPER in PHOENIX

1. First letter(s) indicates name e.g. NICK = nitrate

Highland Science Department

Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids

NICK the CAMEL had a CLAM for SUPPER in PHOENIX

1. First letter(s) indicates name e.g. NICK = nitrate

2. # of consonants indicates # of oxygene.g. NICK has 3 = NO3

Highland Science Department

Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids

NICK the CAMEL had a CLAM for SUPPER in PHOENIX

1. First letter(s) indicates name e.g. NICK = nitrate

2. # of consonants indicates # of oxygene.g. NICK has 3 = NO3

3. # of vowels indicates valencee.g. NICK has 1 = NO3

1-

Highland Science Department

Polyatomic Ions from oxy-acids

NICK the CAMEL had a CLAM for SUPPER in PHOENIX

1. First letter(s) indicates name e.g. NICK = nitrate

2. # of consonants indicates # of oxygene.g. NICK has 3 = NO3

3. # of vowels indicates valencee.g. NICK has 1 = NO3

1-

-add an oxygen to any to get "per-ate"-subtract an oxygen to get "ite"-subtract two oxygens to get "hypo-ite"

Highland Science Department

Formula Writing: criss cross method kris kross

1. Write the valences (oxidation numbers) beside each ion as superscripts

e.g. magnesium oxideMg2+ O2-

Highland Science Department

Formula Writing: criss cross method

1. Write the valences (oxidation numbers) beside each ion as superscripts

e.g. magnesium oxideMg2+ O2-

2. Cross the valences (without charge) to the pairing atom and write as subscripts

Mg2 O2

Highland Science Department

Formula Writing: criss cross method

1. Write the valences beside each ion as subscripts

e.g. magnesium oxideMg2+ O2-

2. Cross the valences (without charge) to the pairing atom and write as subscripts

Mg2 O2

3. Reduce the subscripts to their lowest formsMg1 O1

Highland Science Department

Formula Writing: criss cross method

1. Write the valences beside each ion as subscripts

e.g. magnesium oxideMg2+ O2-

2. Cross the valences (without charge) to the pairing atom and write as subscripts

Mg2 O2

3. Reduce the subscripts to their lowest formsMg1 O1

4. Do not write ones; they are understoodMg O

Highland Science Department

Formula Writing: criss cross method

1. Write the valences beside each ion as subscripts

e.g. magnesium oxideMg2+ O2-

2. Cross the valences (without charge) to the pairing atom and write as subscripts

Mg2 O2

3. Reduce the subscripts to their lowest formsMg1 O1

4. Do not write ones; they are understoodMg O

* For polyatomic ions, place the ion in brackets before writing the subscript

Highland Science Department

Formula Writing: criss cross method

Try these:

1. sodium fluoride2. lithium oxide3. beryllium sulfide4. calcium chloride5. ammonium iodide6. magnesium carbonate

Highland Science Department

Formula Writing: criss cross method

Try these:

1. sodium fluoride NaF2. lithium oxide Li2O3. beryllium sulfide BeS4. calcium chloride CaCl25. ammonium iodide NH4I6. magnesium carbonate MgCO3

Highland Science Department

Naming: -metal is named first-non-metal is named second with its ending changed to "ide" for binary (2 element) molecules

Highland Science Department

Naming: -metal is named first-non-metal is named second with its ending changed to "ide" for binary (2 element) molecules-reverse criss cross sorts out the valence of a multi-valent ion

e.g. FeO vs. Fe2O3

Fe1+ O1- Fe3+ O2-

-oxygen can only be O2- so...Fe2+ O2- Fe3+ O2-

double them both

Highland Science Department

Naming: -metal is named first-non-metal is named second with its ending changed to "ide" for binary (2 element) molecules-reverse criss cross sorts out the valence of a multi-valent ion

e.g. FeO vs. Fe2O3

Fe1+ O1- Fe3+ O2-

-oxygen can only be O2- so...Fe2+ O2- Fe3+ O2-

double them both-the multi-valent ion valence is written in Roman numerals in brackets after the name

iron (II) oxide iron (III) oxide

Highland Science Department

Naming: Roman numeral FYI

I = 1II = 2III = 3IV = 4V = 5VI = 6VII = 7VIII = 8

*the pattern: I's placed after add to the value, I's placed before subtract

Highland Science Department

Naming:

the same pattern holds true for bigger numbersX = 10L = 50C = 100M = 1000

2013 MMXIII

1997 MCMXCVII

Highland Science Department

Naming:

the same pattern holds true for bigger numbersX = 10L = 50C = 100M = 1000

2013 MMXIII

1997 MCMXCVII

Imagine doing scientific notation......or just thank the Middle East for Arabic

numerals