Higher Education Funding and State Government Presented to PADM 6800 State Government (Dr. Paul Harris) Spring 2007 By Braden J. Hosch, Ph.D.
Mar 31, 2015
Higher Education Funding and State Government
Presented to PADM 6800 State Government (Dr. Paul Harris)Spring 2007
By Braden J. Hosch, Ph.D.
Overview
Population Change and Pressures on State Funding
State Spending on Higher Education: The National Picture
State Spending on Higher Education: A Case Study of South Carolina
Population Change
US Population By Age and Sex, 1900
Male Female
Source: U.S. Census Bureau - http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbpyr.html
Population Change
US Population By Age and Sex, 1950
Male Female
Source: U.S. Census Bureau - http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbpyr.html
Population Change
US Population By Age and Sex, 2000
Male Female
Source: U.S. Census Bureau - http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbpyr.html
Population Change
US Population By Age and Sex, 2010
Male Female
Source: U.S. Census Bureau - http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbpyr.html
Population Change
US Population By Age and Sex, 2020
Male Female
Source: U.S. Census Bureau - http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbpyr.html
Population Change
US Population By Age and Sex, 2030
Male Female
Source: U.S. Census Bureau - http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbpyr.html
Population Change
US Population By Age and Sex, 2040
Male Female
Source: U.S. Census Bureau - http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbpyr.html
Population Change
US Population By Age and Sex, 2050
Male Female
Source: U.S. Census Bureau - http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbpyr.html
AnimatedLink
Implications of Population Change
Shift in budget priorities from education to health care
Change in Number of Individuals from 2007*
Age Group
Δ 20-24 Δ 70+
2010 715,139 1,006,323
2020 -210,467 9,948,301
2030 2,174,964 24,407,889
2040 3,936,260 34,746,966
2050 5,335,960 39,196,494
Shift in mission of higher education to provide continuing education throughout the lifespan
*Source: U.S. Census Bureau - http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idbpyr.html
Enrollment Growth and Appropriations
Source: State Higher Education Finance FY 2006 (SHEEO, 2007)
In constant 2006 dollars, adjusted by Higher Education Cost Adjustment (HECA)
Total Educational Revenue Per FTE
Source: State Higher Education Finance FY 2006 (SHEEO, 2007)
In constant 2006 dollars, adjusted by Higher Education Cost Adjustment (HECA)
Net Tuition as a % of Public Higher Education Total Educational Revenue
Source: State Higher Education Finance FY 2006 (SHEEO, 2007)
Higher Education Appropriations in Southern States
Fiscal 2006 Fiscal 2005 Fiscal 2004
State
HigherEducationSupport1
Per Capita2
NationalIndex
HigherEducationSupport1
Per $1000of Personal
IncomeNational
Index
Tax Revenues andLottery Profits
(thousands)
HigherEducation
Support1
(thousands)
Allocationto Higher
Education
Alabama $306 1.18 $9.00 1.27 $10,535,366 $1,167,957 11.1%
Florida $193 0.74 $4.98 0.70 $54,839,454 $2,710,961 4.9%
Georgia $280 1.08 $8.66 1.22 $26,437,450 $2,343,447 8.9%
Kentucky $287 1.10 $9.18 1.30 $11,653,974 $1,108,688 9.5%
Louisiana $300 1.15 $11.58 1.64 $13,186,630 $1,245,308 9.4%
Maryland $272 1.04 $6.03 0.85 $22,789,497 $1,355,356 5.9%
North Carolina $365 1.40 $10.90 1.54 $25,012,464 $2,607,049 10.4%
South Carolina $237 0.91 $7.84 1.11 $11,466,706 $781,729 6.8%
Tennessee $216 0.83 $7.05 1.00 $15,070,338 $1,088,681 7.2%
Virginia $210 0.81 $5.26 0.74 $25,410,405 $1,358,445 5.3%
West Virginia $229 0.88 $9.02 1.27 $5,479,645 $406,574 7.4%
U.S. $260 1.00 $7.08 1.00 $1,020,012,078 $69,686,411 6.8%Source Notes:1. Higher Education Support = State and local tax and nontax support for public and independent higher education. Includes special purposeappropriations for research-agricultural-medical. Source: SHEEO SHEF2. Population and personal income data from U.S. Census Bureau and Bureau of Economic Analysis.3. State and local tax revenues data from U.S. Census Bureau; lottery profits data from North American Association of State and Provincial Lotteries.
Source: State Higher Education Finance FY 2006 (SHEEO, 2007)
South Carolina Higher Education Appropriations 2000-01 to 2006-07
Source: South Carolina Budget and Control Board, Historical Analysis, http://www.budget.sc.gov/webfiles/oo/historical/histana-web.pdf
South Carolina Tuition & State Appropriations, 1999-2005
Source: SC CHE. Chart excludes MUSC. State Appropriations Per FTE calculated using Fall FTE; dollars are not adjusted for inflation.
Undergraduate Tuition in Southern States
Source: Southern Regional Education Board http://www.sreb.org/main/EdData/reports/DEHighlights06.pdf
State Funding Per FTE Student in Southern States
Source: Southern Regional Education Board http://www.sreb.org/main/EdData/reports/DEHighlights06.pdf
Tuition Revenue Per FTE Student in Southern States
Source: Southern Regional Education Board http://www.sreb.org/main/EdData/reports/DEHighlights06.pdf
Operating Expenditures Per FTE Operating expenditures per FTE student have increased for
comprehensive universities on average by just 0.5% annually between 1999 and 2003 in unadjusted dollars.
Source: IPEDS Peer Analysis System. National Center for Education Statistics. Fall FTE from CHEMIS is used for the per FTE calculation.
Instruction & Academic Support Expenditures for Instruction and Academic Support per FTE
have increased at an annual rate of less than 2.75% for universities in the comprehensive teaching sector.
Teaching Sector Institution
2003-04
Instr & Ac Supp.
Four Year% Change
The Citadel $7,254 15%
Coastal Carolina Univ. $5,226 0%
College of Charleston $5,900 17%
Francis Marion Univ. $5,798 2%
Lander University $5,330 4%
South Carolina State Univ. $7,972 10%
U.S.C. - Aiken $5,821 10%
U.S.C. - Beaufort $6,804 45%
U.S.C. - Upstate $5,245 2%
Winthrop University $5,830 5%
Teaching Sector Total $6,118 11%Source: IPEDS Peer Analysis System. National Center for Education Statistics. Fall FTE from CHEMIS is used for the per FTE calculation.
Graduation Rates in South Carolina
Six-year graduation rates from SC comprehensive universities are among the highest in the region compared to similar institutions.
Teaching SectorInstitution
2004 6-Year
Grad Rate
The Citadel 66%
Coastal Carolina Univ. 40%
College of Charleston 57%
Francis Marion Univ. 41%
Lander University 42%
SC State Univ. 53%
U.S.C. - Aiken 41%
U.S.C. - Upstate 41%
Winthrop University 57%
Sector Total (SC) 49%
Research Sector (SC) 68%
Source: IPEDS Peer Analysis System. National Center for Education Statistics. Statistics are unweighted.
Degrees Conferred in Southern States
Source: Southern Regional Education Board http://www.sreb.org/main/EdData/reports/DEHighlights06.pdf
Degrees Conferred Nationally Per State Resident (#1-25)
Rank State
Proportion ofEnrolled Students
Who ReceivedDegrees in 2003-04
DegreesAwardedPer 1,000
State Residents2003-04 Rank State
Proportion ofEnrolled Students
Who ReceivedDegrees in 2003-04
DegreesAwardedPer 1,000
State Residents2003-04
#1 Dist. of Columbia 21.1% 36.6 #14 Kansas 20.1% 8.5
#2 Massachusetts 22.9% 12.4 #15 Minnesota 17.8% 8.2
#3 Rhode Island 18.9% 11.2 #16 Arizona 16.6% 8.1
#4 Utah 15.9% 10.6 #17 Indiana 17.9% 8.1
#5 Vermont 19.8% 10.4 #18 South Dakota 14.4% 8.1
#6 North Dakota 16.4% 10.1 #19 Michigan 19.6% 7.9
#7 New York 21.8% 9.5 #20 Colorado 17.3% 7.9
#8 Missouri 19.9% 9.5 #21 Illinois 23.0% 7.8
#9 Nebraska 20.4% 9.4 #22 Wisconsin 19.8% 7.8
#10 Delaware 20.9% 9.2 #23 Connecticut 21.4% 7.7
#11 Iowa 19.5% 8.9 #24 Montana 17.5% 7.3
#12 Pennsylvania 20.7% 8.8 -- US 19.5% 7.2
#13 New Hampshire 20.1% 8.6 #25 Maryland 20.6% 7.1
Source: The Chronicle of Higher Education Almanac Issue 2006-07 53.1, August 25, 2006. Population Data are from the U.S. Census Bureau http://www.census.gov/popest/states/tables/NST-EST2006-01.xls
Degrees Conferred Nationally Per State Resident (#26-51)
Rank State
Proportion ofEnrolled Students
Who ReceivedDegrees in 2003-04
DegreesAwardedPer 1,000
State Residents2003-04 Rank State
Proportion ofEnrolled Students
Who ReceivedDegrees in 2003-04
DegreesAwardedPer 1,000
State Residents2003-04
#26 Alabama 18.1% 7.1 #39 Maine 15.1% 6.0
#27 Ohio 19.5% 7.0 #40 California 22.2% 5.9
#28 Oklahoma 17.7% 7.0 #41 SouthCarolina 18.7% 5.8
#29 Virginia 19.2% 7.0 #42 New Mexico 16.0% 5.7
#30 West Virginia 15.7% 6.9 #43 Mississippi 19.8% 5.6
#31 Oregon 21.0% 6.8 #44 Texas 19.3% 5.6
#32 Louisiana 15.7% 6.7 #45 Florida 16.6% 5.5
#33 North Carolina 19.7% 6.3 #46 Idaho 11.7% 5.4
#34 Hawaii 19.1% 6.2 #47 New Jersey 20.0% 5.3
#35 Georgia 18.5% 6.2 #48 Arkansas 15.3% 5.2
#36 Washington 24.3% 6.1 #49 Wyoming 17.1% 4.5
#37 Tennessee 18.5% 6.1 #50 Nevada 8.3% 3.2
#38 Kentucky 16.5% 6.1 #51 Alaska 6.8% 3.1
Source: The Chronicle of Higher Education Almanac Issue 2006-07 53.1, August 25, 2006. Population Data are from the U.S. Census Bureau http://www.census.gov/popest/states/tables/NST-EST2006-01.xls