Higher Education and Territorial Development A missing link? Dr. James Karlsen, Senior Researcher
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Higher Education and Territorial
Development
A missing link?
Dr. James Karlsen, Senior Researcher
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Structure of the Speech• Is there a missing link in the higher
education system?• Structure of the speech:
– The missing link concept– Regional development in Norway– A trend towards a more educated population in
Norway– An example from regional development in
Norway– Conclusion and some questions for discussion
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Different types of knowledge (1)
1. Theoretical/analytical knowledge – Abstract, codified, universal, and is created by
following scientific methods and is verified by other researchers through academic review processes
– This type of knowledge you learn at school or by reading academic books
2. Practical knowledge – How things functions in real life– This type of knowledge you learn at work and in
interaction with others
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Different types of knowledge (2)3. Knowing how
– The capability of combining different types of knowledge in action
– It is expert knowledge, it is knowing– A part of this knowledge is tacit, you know more than you
can tell• Where do you learn this kind of knowledge?
– At university? As a theoretical concept, YES and in some studies YES, but in general NO
– At work? YES, but as a tacit learning process– Through life long learning, you start as a novice and might
end up as an expert– Most educations lack an approch that combines theoretical
and practical knowledge 5
Knowing how – the missing link?
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Theoretical/analytical Praxis Practical knowledge knowledge
- Know why - Knowing how - Know what
The knowledge society • In Norway more and more of the population
has higher education (Bachelor, Master and PhD) – The number of students have quadrupled over
the last 40 years, reaching 230.000 in 2010– Most higher degree candidates are employed in
the public sectors of health and social services, education or public administration
– Higher eduction is becoming more and more theoretical
• Society is becoming more and more complex• Expert knowledge rules 7
The knowledge challenge
• How to use knowledge as a strategy for regional development?
• One example is to transfer analytical knowledge from universty to society (technology transfer, linear transfer of knowledge)
• This has not been that succesfull in Norway • Another example is to initiate collaboration between
university and firms with the aim of creating innovations.
• This has been done in the VRI program
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VRI (Policy tools for regional innovation)
• Initiated and financed by Research Council Norway
• Co-financed and managed by the counties (there are 15 regional VRI programs)
• One of them is in the Agder region, which I represents, and where Agderforskning has the operative responsibility
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Organizational structure
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VRI Board
Knowledge brokers
Research team
CoordinatorIn
dust
ry
Indu
stry
Indu
stry
Some results from the program
• The program has been important for development of networking/cluster organizations in the region
• A lot of research results have been published the last years
• However, there is one thing we are struggling with and that is to create a space for common reflection and learning between researchers, knowledge brokers and the board
• To make knowing how to a collective capability
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VRI Board
Knowledge brokers
Research team
CoordinatorIn
dust
ry
No real sharing of knowing how
Indu
stry
Indu
stry
Questions • A collective knowing how would be a co-
generated knowledge shared by the ones working with the same project/process
• Can there be built a bridge between individual knowing how and a collective knowing how?
• How can this be done?• Can this be built into the higher education
system? • What is your reflections about making knowing
how more explict?
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Thank you, gracias, takk
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