www.fugro.com HIGH-RESOLUTION 2D SEISMIC
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HIGH-RESOLUTION 2D SEISMIC
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HIGH-RESOLUTION 2D SEISMIC
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DATA PROCESSING
TEST/MAIN PROCESSING
Geometry Specification
Deconvolution
Sorted into CMP’s
Filtered
Amplified
Velocity Analysis
NMO
Stacked
FINAL PROCESSING
Migration
EDITING
Demultiplexed
Edited
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3D SEISMIC
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3D SEISMIC
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GEOTECHNICAL SAMPLING
• Grab Samplers
• Gravity Corers
• Vibrocorers
• Cone Penetrometers
• Boreholes
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INTERPRETATION AND PRESENTATION
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SEABED FEATURES CHART
• Distribution of seabed sediments• Topographic features (sands waves
etc)• Rock outcrops• Pockmarks• Existing infrastructure; pipelines,
cables etc• Wrecks• Items of debris• Seabed Features Chart should
comprise interpretation of Echo Sounder, magnetometer and side scan sonar data with seabed samples
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• Entire well assembly is supported on 30” conductor casing, which is set between 20m-40m sub-seabed
• Identify soil profile in the required depth zone
• Locate potential obstructions to installation of conductor; boulders, gravel layers etc
• Identify potential unconsolidated soils / loose sands – geotechnical weak units
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ALIGNMENT SHEET FORMAT
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SEABED VISUALISATION
Shaded relief
Colour coded seabed gradient
3D perspective
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SITE SURVEYOPERATIONS
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THE SURVEYORS ROLE
• Construction of Survey Programme
• Positioning of Vessel
• Positioning of Sensors
• Quality Control of Bathymetry data
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SURVEY LINE PLAN FOR JACK-UP RIG
Distances in metres1 km
Plus tie line to adjacent borehole or survey area
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SURVEY LINE PLAN FOR SEMI-SUBMERSIBLE RIG
Distances in metres1 km
Plus tie line to adjacent core location or site survey
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SURVEY DESIGN
• Water Depth
• Type of Installation
• Expected Hazards
• Flexibility of Location
• Environmental Conditions
• Time and Cost
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SURVEY DESIGN
• Dual Pass Survey
• Integrated Surveys
• Dual Streamers
• High Resolution 3D
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THE SURVEY PLATFORM
Vessel antenna position
(reference point)Back deck where side scan sonar, boomer and digital
seismic equipment is launched
Bridge
Instrument room
(below water line)Living quarters
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AUV SURVEYS
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THE DEEP WATER SOLUTION
• Traditional survey methods have numerous drawbacks to the acquisition of geophysical data in Deep Water areas.
• Clients and subsea engineering companies are demanding more resolute and accurately positioned data which these traditional methods cannot provide.
• A significant change in the way that geophysical data is acquired was needed by the survey companies.
• The survey industry’s solution:
The Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV)
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AUV OPERATIONS
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AUV OPERATIONS
Fugro’s “Echo Surveyor” AUV
• Kongsberg HUGIN 3000.
• Semi-autonomous vehicle independently powered and controlled (cable free).
• Depth rated to 3000 metres.
• Aided Inertial Navigation System provides extremely accurate positioning.
• Positional accuracy of the AUV is less than 5 metres, significantly better than towed systems.
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AUV DATA QUALITY
• So what are the improvements in data quality when using an AUV?
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AUV DATA QUALITY
Improved bathymetry data
quality... …compared to
3D seismic
• Bathymetry from 3D seismic data
• AUV mounted multibeam echo sounder data
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AUV DATA QUALITY
1 km
• AUV mounted multibeam echo sounder data
• Vessel mounted multibeam echo sounder data
Improved bathymetry data
quality...…compared to vessel mounted bathymetry data
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AUV DATA QUALITY
1km
High quality bathymetry data
in all water depths
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AUV DATA QUALITY
250 m
Improved side scan sonar data quality...
• The AUV assures high quality data is always acquired
• Better positional accuracy in all water depths
• Higher quality sonar mosaics
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AUV DATA QUALITY
1 km
• Stunning images can be obtained of complex features such as this mud volcano
• This could never be achieved by traditional towfish data in Deep Water.
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AUV DATA QUALITY
Improved sub-bottom profiler data quality...
2DHR Data AUV Chirp Data
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2 km
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WHY CARRY OUT AN AUV SURVEY?
• Improved data quality, coverage, positional accuracy.
• Greater confidence in interpretation of seabed & shallow geohazards and definition of geological conditions.
• This increased certainty over the geological conditions aids in deciding the best engineering solutions.
• Hazards are avoided.
• Over-engineering reduced.
• Field development can be completed earlier.
• Significant potential cost savings.
• HOWEVER: This can only be achieved through an integrated interpretation approach using all available data and with competent, experienced staff.
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INTEGRATED INTERPRETATION STRATEGY
• Bring together all data types and background information together on one platform – SMT Kingdom Suite
SMT
Multi-layer Sonar Mosaics
Shaded Relief Bathymetry
Chirp
2DHR / 3D
Contoured BathymetryCultural Data
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INTEGRATED INTERPRETATION STRATEGY
• Many features can only be properly characterised by the use of several different data types
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REPORT DELIVERY
Interpretation Products
Seabed FeaturesSMT
Shallow Soils
Shallow Geohazards
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Thank You
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