High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity

High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity

Concept of a joint Collaborative

Research Center/Transregio (SFB/TRR)

of Universität Hohenheim and

The Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Universität HohenheimLife Science CenterCoordination Office SFB/TRR — UHOH & HUJ

The Hebrew University of JerusalemRobert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment

Faculty Research Committee

A Central Problem for Global Agriculture

─ aggravated by Climatic Change ─

is Socio-Political Tension

High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity

Adaptation of Crop and

Livestock to Drought and

Salinity

More Efficient and

Environmental Friendly

Irrigation Systems

Accumulation of

Positive and Avoi-

dance of Negative

Food Compounds

Water Scarcity

Agricultural

Plant & Animal

Production

Environment Consumer Protection

& Food Quality

With severe impact on

Approaches are required

for

Under Use of Alternative Water Sources

High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity

Use of Alternative

Water Sources

Treated Wastewater Desalinated WaterSalty/Contaminated

Water from the Aquifer

Joint Research Methods

• Analysis of Xenobiotics

• Measurement of Ethylene Emission as Stress Indicator

• Proteomics

• Genomics

• Bioinformatics

Cluster Connecting

Joint Research Subjects

•Tomato

•Barley

•Fish

•Broiler Chicken

Integrated Interdisciplinary Research to

Connect new findings from basic research of adherent disciplines to identify strategies for problem solutions

Develop econometric models explicitly incorporating consequences of agricultural production under water scarcity

Generate basic knowledge on mechanisms and technologies to safeguard quality of products derived from production under water scarcity

Generate basic knowledge about metabolic pathways and their control on the level of organisms in the soil, water, plants and livestock under conditions of water scarcity

High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity

High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity

Integrated Interdisciplinary Approach Combining

Disciplinary Basic Research

on Genetic & Physiological Basis of Adaptation and Mitigation

AimsAims

A To explore the effects of water scarcity on the quantity and quality of irrigation water and the consequences on soils and plants

B To explore and enhance possibilities of adaptation of crops to stress through reduced water availability and quality

C To explore and enhance possibilities of adaptation of livestock to stress through reduced water availability and quality

D To avoid negative impacts of water stress (water quality, residues) on food quality and to find options for designing food with positive impacts on health testing physiologically/genetically better adapted varieties

E To examine the effects of water scarcity and policies on intra- and intersectoral efficiency and distribution and to improve depiction of water issues in regionalized models at different stages of sectoral coverage and aggregation

Cluster Z ─ Project Management

Project Speakers: Valle Zárate (UHOH) / Czosnek (HUJ)Deputies: Breer (UHOH) / Wolf (HUJ)Coordinators: Klumpp, Neff (UHOH) / Lavon (HUJ)

High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity

Cluster DFood Quality and Safety

Fischer/SaguyBreer/Nussinovitch

Cluster ASoil and

Water

Fangmeier/GrünzweigStreck/Wallach

Cluster ECompetition for

Water

Grethe/FinkelshtainDabbert/Kan

Cluster CLivestock

Physiology and Breeding

Valle Zàrate/Uni N.N./van Rijn

Cluster BCrop

Physiology and Breeding

Schmid/ZamirSchaller/Fridman

High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity

Cluster A ─ Soil and Water

Cluster Leaders: Fangmeier (UHOH) / Grünzweig (HUJ)

Deputies: Streck (UHOH) / Wallach (HUJ)

AimAimTo explore the effects of water scarcity on the quantity and quality of irrigation water and the consequences on soils and plants

• Soil hydrophobicity affected by marginal water & compost/sludge application

• Deficit irrigation with marginal water and its effect on crop yield and quality

• Photo-acoustic measure-ment of ethylene as stress and quality indicator in plants

A1 – Deficit Irrigation

Rony Wallach (HUJ)

Thilo Streck (UHOH)

• Expression of drought tolerance of wild barley ecotypes

• Carbon sequestration in plants and soils

• Crop yield affected by marginal water & compost/sludge application

A2 – Ecophysiology

José M. Grünzweig (HUJ)

Andreas Fangmeier (UHOH)

• Fate of waste-water originated xenobiotics in the environment

• Sorption interaction of xenobiotics with soil constituents

• Uptake, accumulation and distribution in plants

A3 – Xenobiotics

Benny Chefetz (HUJ)

Walter Vetter (UHOH)

High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity

Cluster B ─ Crop Physiology and Breeding

Cluster Leaders: Schmid (UHOH) / Zamir (HUJ)

Deputies: Schaller (UHOH) / Fridman (HUJ)

AimAimTo explore and enhance possibilities of adaptation to stress through reduced water availability and quality

• Strategy for water balance regulation and ionic homeostasis

• Role of phytohormones and metabolites for water stress tolerance

• Optimal flowering strategies

B1 – Barley and Tomato Stress Physiology

Menachem Moshelion & Alon Samach (HUJ)

Jens Wünsche & Martin Hegele (UHOH)

• Efficient exploitation of natural genetic variation for plant breeding

• Stress indicators in different genotypes

• Food quality traits in cultivars and introgression lines

B2 – Barley and Tomato Breeding

Eval Fridman &Daniel Zamir (HUJ)

Karl Schmid (UHOH)

• Susceptibility and interaction of tomato and white rot

• Influence of water regimes on host-pathogen interactions

B3 – Tomato and Sclerotinia

Oded Yarden (HUJ)

Otmar Spring (UHOH)

• Identification of candidate genes and proteins

• Proteomic analyses of stress response to abiotic and biotic stress

• Breeding of drought and disease resistant tomato lines

B4 – Tomato Genes and Proteins

Hanokh H. Czosnek &Zach Adam (HUJ)

Andreas Schaller (UHOH)

Cluster C ─ Livestock Physiology and Breeding

Cluster Leaders: Valle Zárate (UHOH) / Uni (HUJ)

Deputies: N.N. (UHOH) / van Rijn (HUJ)

High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity

AimAimTo explore and enhance possibilities of adaptation to stress through reduced water availability and quality

• Genetic variation in water uptake

• Genetic differences in tolerance to water quality

• Genetic relation between water uptake, performance and meat quality

C1 – Broiler Genetics

Avigdor Cahaner (HUJ)

Anne Valle Zárate (UHOH)

C2 – Broiler Skeleton and Stress

Ron Shahar (HUJ)

Werner Bessei(UHOH)

• Effects of desalinated water on architecture of bones

• Behavior and behavioral physiology of stress response

C3 – Broiler Gastrointestinal Physiology

Zehava Uni (HUJ)

Karin Schwarzenbacher (UHOH)

• Adaptation to altered water quality

• Cellular/molecular changes in the mucosa

• Chemosensory and osmosensory systems of adaptive processes

C4 – Fish, Water Quality and Stress

Jaap van Rijn &Berta Sivan (HUJ)

N.N. (UHOH)

• Manipulation of water quality in intensive fish culture systems by biological purification of recycled water

• Hormonal changes responding to stress in intensive culture systems and fish reproduction

High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity

Cluster D ─ Food Quality and Safety

Cluster Leaders : Fischer (UHOH) / Saguy (HUJ)

Deputies: Breer (UHOH) / Nussinovitch (HUJ)AimAimTo avoid negative impacts of water stress (water quality, residues) on food quality and to find options for designing food with positive impacts on health testing physiologically/genetically better adapted varieties

• Technologies for micro- and macro-encapsulation of biofunctional ingredients

• Characterization of target compounds and interaction with food compounds

D1 – Encapsulating Biofunctional Components

Amos Nussinovitch & Oren Froy (HUJ)

Jochen Weiss (UHOH)

D2 – Food Flavor and Chemosensory Cells

Masha Niv & Roni Shapira (HUJ)

Heinz Breer (UHOH)

• Effects of water scarcity on flavor quality of food

• Interaction of micronutrients with target proteins in chemosensory cells

D3 – BarleyBiotechnology

Sam Saguy & Hagai Abeliovich (HUJ)

Lutz Fischer (UHOH)

•New functional peptides from barley proteins

•Enzyme and protein profiles of barley grown under water scarcity

•Enzymatic or fermentative generation of biofunctional peptides from barley

D4 – Barley and Tomato Micronutrients

Zohar Kerem & Oren Tirosh (HUJ)

Hans Konrad Biesalski & Donatus Nohr (UHOH)

• Composition & levels of selected quality compounds

• Bioavailability studies using cell lines, model animals and humans

D5 – Probiotics and E. coli from Broiler and Fish

Ilan Rosenshine & Nahum Shpigel (HUJ)

Herbert Schmidt (UHOH)

• Molecular interaction of probiotic micro-organisms with entero-pathogenic E. coli from poultry and fish

• Biofunctional properties of new probiotic lines

High-Quality Food from Crop and Livestock under Water Scarcity

Cluster E ─ Competition for Water

Cluster Leaders: Grethe (UHOH) / Finkelshtain (HUJ)

Deputies: Dabbert (UHOH) / Kan (HUJ)

AimAimTo examine the effects of water scarcity and policies on intra- and intersectoral efficiency and distribution and to improve depiction of water issues in regionalized models at different stages of sectoral coverage and aggregation

• Incorporation of water quantity and quality in a regionalized Computable General Equilibrium (CGE)

• Political economy of water distribution within agriculture and the Israeli economy

E1 – Water Price and Policy Scenarios

Israel Finkelshtain (HUJ)

Harald Grethe (UHOH)

E2 – Modeling Water Scarcity

Iddo Kan & Ayal Kimhi (HUJ)

Stephan Dabbert (UHOH)

• Improving Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP) model calibration based on econometric approaches

• Incorporation of regional information from agent-based models

• Incorporation of responses to water quality and quantity in PMP models

C2 Broiler Skeleton &

Stress

A1Deficit Irrigation

B4Tomato Genes and Proteins

B1Barley & Tomato

Stress Physiology

B3Tomato & Sclerotinia

B2Barley & Tomato

Breeding

C1Broiler Genetics

C4Fish, Water Quality

& Stress

D1Encapsulating Biofunctional Components

D3Barley

Biotechnology

D4Barley & Tomato Micronutrients

D2Food Flavor & Chemosensory

Cells

D5Probiotics & E. coli from Broiler & Fish

A3Xenobiotics

A2Ecophysiology

E1Water Price &

Policy Scenarios

E2Modeling Water

Scarcity

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Project Speakers: Valle Zárate/Czosnek; Deputies: Breer/Wolf; Coordinators: Klumpp/Neff/Lavon