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appLICaTION / DESIgN NOTES ON SELECTION Of WIRE WOUND RESISTORS 18-19
hTR RESISTOR fINDER (mObILE app & DESkTOp) 20-21
I N D E X
Detailed datasheets in PDF format for all HTR product series available in the ‘PRODUCT’ section of www.htr-india.com
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WIRE WOUND RESISTORSSilicone / cement coated
WIRE WOUND RESISTORSSilicone / cement coated
SYmmETRY RESISTORS
hTapower rating : 0.75W to 12WResistance range : R01 to 100KTolerances available : 1% - 10% applications : industrial, telecommunication and consumer electronics.features : • ULapprovedflameretardantcoating• Non-inductivetypeavailable• ImpulseresistorsasperIEC61000-4-5•Industrialgrade-JSS/IECsizes.
hIapower rating : 0.5W to 20WResistance range : R01 to 120KTolerances available : 1% - 10%applications :•Industrial,telecommunicationand consumer electronics. features: • ULapprovedflameretardantcoating•IndustrialGrade-MILsizes• Non-inductivetypeavailable.• ImpulseresistorsasperIEC61000-4-5
vhIapower rating : 0.5W to 20WResistance range : R01 to 120KTolerances available : 1% - 10%applications : industrial, telecommunication and consumer electronics.features : • ULapprovedflameretardantcoating.• Non-inductivetypeavailable.• ImpulseresistorsasperIEC61000-4-5.• CoppercladsteelwireterminationsforreducedtemperatureonPCB.
fRSpower rating : 1W to 5WResistance range : 10R to 100R*Tolerance available : 1% - 10% applications : consumer, telecommunication and industrial electronics. features : • UL1412approved.• Safetyfusingat220/240V.• Tailormadefusingoptionsavailable.
hfW power rating : 1W to 5WResistance range : 10R to 100R*Tolerance available : 1% - 10% applications : consumer, telecommunication and industrial electronics. features : • UL1412approved.• Safetyfusingat110/120V.
hfa power Rating : 1W to 10WResistance range : R10 to 51KTolerances available : 5% - 10% applications : Lowcostsolutionforconsumerelectronics.features :• Fiberglasscore.•ULapprovedflameretardantcoating.
haapower rating : 1W to 5WResistance range : R01 to 12KTolerances available : 1% - 10%applications : Miniaturesizesforautomotivesector.features : • ULapprovedflameretardantcoating• Industrialgrade• Non-inductivetypeavailable• ImpulseresistorsasperIEC61000-4-5
hIppower Rating : 3W to 10WResistance range : R01 to 90KTolerances available : 1% -10%applications : commercial and industrial electronics.features :•Ceramiccore.•PCBpluggablestyle.•ULapprovedflameretardantcoating.
hfp power rating : 2.5W to 8WResistance range :R10to56KTolerances available : 5% - 10% applications : commercial & industrial electonics.features : • FiberGlasscore.• PCBpluggablestylewithdifferent terminationsandstandoffheightsavailable.• ULapprovedflameretardantcoating.
hIRpower Rating : 10W to 500WResistance range : R22 to 100KTolerances available : 5% - 10%applications :•Highpowerdissipation&impulsehandlingcapability.•Loadbankresistors.
hSR power Rating : 8.25W, 11W & 20WResistance range : 10K to 120KTolerances available : 1% -10%applications : •Capacitorcharginganddischargingresistors.features :• Wirewoundsymmetryresistors.•ULapprovedflameretardantcoating.•Stainlesssteelterminalsfordirectmountingoncapacitors.
RSRpower Rating :40Wto500WResistance range : R05 to 18RTolerances available : 5% - 10% applications : • Highpowerdissipation&impulse handlingcapability.• Highvoltagebleederresistorinpowersupplies.• Loadbankresistors.features : •Edgewoundresistivestripforreducedsurface temperature. • Highdissipation&verylowohmic valuesavailable.• ULapprovedflameretardantcoating.• RadialterminalsforAmp187& Amp250connectorsavailable.• Choiceofanti-ruststainlesssteelterminations.
hSRC power rating : 11W, 20W & 25WResistance range : 10K to 110KTolerance available : 1% - 10% applications : • Capacitorcharging&dischargingresistors.features :•Wirewoundsymmetryresistors.• Ceramicencasedresistorsforgreaterheat dissipation.•Stainlesssteelterminalsfor directmountingoncapacitors.• Customisedsolutionsavailableupto40W.
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fuΩ
fuΩ
WIRE WOUND RESISTORSceRamic encaSed
hCapower rating : 1W to 20WResistance range :R05to56KTolerance available : 1% - 10%applications : industrial and consumer electronics. features: • Fibreglassandceramiccoreavailable.•Ceramicencasedforhighdegreeof insulationandlowsurfacetemperature.• Impulsetypesavailable.•Noninductivetypeavailable.
hCvWithbracketpower rating : 7W to 20WResistance range :R05to56KTolerance available : 1% - 10%applications : industrial & consumer electronics. features : •Highstabilityverticalmountingbracketavailable.• Fibreglassandceramiccoreavailable.• Ceramicencasedforhighdegreeof insulationandlowsurfacetemperature.• Impulsetypesavailable.•Noninductivetypeavailable.
hCWpower rating : 1W to 20WResistance range :R05to56KTolerance available : 1% - 10%applications : industrial and consumer electronics. features :•Ceramiccore.• Ceramicencasedforhighdegreeof insulationandlowsurfacetemperature.• Impulsetypesavailable.• Noninductivetypeavailable.• Coppercladsteelwireterminationsforreduced temperatureonPCB.• LowTCRoptionsavailable.
fRC power rating : 1W to 3W Resistance range : 10R to 750R Tolerance available : 3% - 10% applications : industrial & consumer electronics. features : •Safetyfusingat110/120V&220/240V.•Tailormadefusingoptionsavailable.•Fibreglassandceramiccoreavailable.•Ceramicencasedforhighdegreeofinsulationandlowsurfacetemperature.
hEa power rating : 1W to 17WResistance range : R025 to 82KTolerance available : 1% - 10%applications : industrial and consumer electronics.features : •Fibreglassandceramiccoreavailable.•Ceramicencasedforhighdegreeof insulation&lowsurfacetemperature.• Impulsetypesavailable.•Noninductivetypeavailable.
hSv power rating :4Wto17W Resistance range :R04to82KTolerance available : 1% - 10%applications : • Spacesaving,verticalmountingresistors.•Consumerandindustrialapplications.features : •Choiceoffibreglassorceramiccore.•Choiceofmountingpillarsforadditionalstability.•Noninductivetypeavailable.
hCppower rating : 3W to 20W Resistance range :R10to56KTolerance available : 5% & 10% applications : commercial and industrial electronics. features : • Fibreglassandceramiccoreavailable.• Ceramicencasedforhighpowerdissipation.• PCBpluggablestylewithdifferent terminationsandstandoffheightsavailable.
hCL power rating :10Wto40WResistance range :R10to68KTolerance available : 5% & 10% applications : commercial and industrial electronics.features : •Fibreglass&ceramiccoreavailable.•Ceramicencasedforhighpowerdissipation.•RadialterminationsforAmp187&Amp250connectorsavailable.
hmv power rating : 2.5W to 15W Resistance range :R04to36KTolerance available : 1% - 10% applications : industrial and consumer electronics. features : •Flatverticalmountingtype•Ceramicandfibreglasscoreavailable.• Ceramiclegsforgreaterstability alsoactasheatsink.•Impulsetypesavailable.•Noninductivetypesavailable.•PCBspacesavingresistor.
hmW power rating : 5W & 9WResistance range : R18 to 18KTolerance available : 1 % - 10% applications : commercial and industrial electronics.features : • Flatverticalmountingtype• Ceramicandfibreglasscoreavailable.• Impulsetypesavailable.• Noninductivetypesavailable.• PCBspacesavingresistor.
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fuΩ
LOW Ohm/CURRENT SENSE ShUNT RESISTORSCERAMIC ENCASED
bRSlimType,MetalPlate/Preformedresistancestrippower rating : 2W to 10W Resistance range : R01 to 1R2Tolerance available : 3% - 10%applications :•Reducesswitchingdistortionathighfrequency.•Audioamplifier.features: •PCBpluggablewithoption ofvariouspitchandstandoffheights.• Negligibleinductance.•Twinstyleavailable.
hmvL AlloyRibbonElement/FlatVerticalMountingpower rating : 2.5W to 15WResistance range :R004toR20Tolerance available : 0.5% - 10%applications :•Currentsensing.• Industrialandconsumerelectronics.features : • Flatverticalmountingtype.• Negligibleinductance.• Ceramiclegsforgreaterstability alsoactasheatsink.• PCBspacesavingresistor.
RL power rating : 0.5W to 10WResistance range : R0015 to R80Tolerance available : 0.5% - 10%Applications:•Currentsensinginapplicationswhichincludeswitchingandlinearpowersupplies,instrumentsandpoweramplifiers.features : •Alloyribbonelementincylindricalceramicbody.•Superioralternativetoreplacemoulded device of identical size. •Negligibleinductance.•Highlythermalefficientpowertosizeratio.•LowTCR.
hEaLpower rating : 2.5W to 12WResistance range : R0025 to R20Tolerance available : 0.5% - 10%applications : • Currentsensingforindustrialand powerconditioningapplications.features : •Alloyribbonelementinsquareprofileceramictube.• Ceramicencasedforgreaterheat dissipationandthermalstability.•LowTCR.•Negligibleinductance.
hCaLpower rating : 1W to 20WResistance range : R002 to R20Tolerance available : 0.5% - 10% applications : • Currentsensingforindustrialandpower conditioningapplications.features :•Alloyribbonelement• Ceramicencasedforgreaterheat dissipationandthermalstability.•LowTCR.• Negligibleinductance.
LOW Ohm/CURRENT SENSE RESISTORSOPEN FRAME
Oapower rating : 1W to 3WResistance range : R003 to R10Tolerance available : 1% to 10%applications :Usageinswitching,linearpowersupplies,instruments,regulatorsandothermoderncurrentsensingcircuits.features : •Openframeaxialtype.•Negligibleinductance.•LowTCR.
Oppower rating : 0.5W to 5W Resistance range : R0015 to R10Tolerance available : 1% to 10%applications : Usageinswitching,linearpowersupplies,instruments,regulatorsandothermoderncurrentsensingcircuits.features : •OpenframePCBmountingradialtype.•Negligibleinductance.•LowTCR.
hEWpower rating : 1W to 5W Resistance range : R003 to R10Tolerance available : 1% to 10%applications : Usageinswitching,linearpowersupplies,instruments,regulatorsandothermoderncurrentsensingcircuits.features : •OpenframePCBmountingradialtype.•EdgeweldingforreducedPCBfootprint.•Negligibleinductance.•VerylowTCRavailable.
OfSCpower rating : 5W & 10WResistance range : For5W-R00012toR002,For10W-R0004toR003Tolerance available : 1% to 10%applications : Highlyaccuratecurrentsensingapplicationsinautomotive&industrialelectronics.features : •Fourterminalsforhighlyaccuratecurrentsensingapplications.•ULapprovedflameretardantcoating.•Increasedleaddiameterforhighcurrenthandlingcapability.
Of power rating : 1W to 10WResistance range : R001 to R10Tolerance available : 1% to 10%applications : Usageinswitching,linearpowersupplies,instruments,regulatorsandothermoderncurrentsensingcircuits.features :•OpenframePCBmountingradialtype.•Monolithicconstructionforsuperiorstability.•Negligibleinductance.•VerylowTCRavailable
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LOW Ohm / CURRENT SENSE RESISTORSELECTRON BEAM WELDED
hEE power rating :4Wto10WResistance range : R0002 to R002Tolerances available :±1%(0.5%andothertoleranceavailableonrequest)applications: •Accuratecurrentsensingforpowerhybridapplications•Suitableforweldingonbusbars• Highcurrentapplicationsforautomotivemarket• Frequencyconvertors•PowerModulesfeatures:•10WconstantpowerpossibleinR0002•Capableofcarryingcurrentupto225amp(R0002)oncontinuousbasis•Sturdycopperconnectors
hRE power rating :3W,4Wand5WResistance range : R0002 to R003Tolerances available : ± 1% (0.5% and othertoleranceavailableonrequest)applications: • Currentsensorforpowerhybridapplications• Highcurrentapplicationsforautomotivemarket• Frequencyconvertors•Powermodulesfeatures:•5WconstantpowerpossibleinR0002• Constantcurrentcarryingcapabilityupto160amp(R0002)•Sturdycopperconnectors
• Maximumsoldertemperature upto350°Cfor30seconds.
hhEpower rating : 5WResistance range : R0003 to R002Tolerances available :±1%(0.5%andothertoleranceavailableonrequest)applications : • Powertoolsduetonatureofphysicalconstruction• Highcurrentapplicationsfortheautomotivesector• Frequencyconvertors•Powermodulesfeatures : • 5WconstantpowerpossibleinR0003• Constantcurrentcarryingcapabilityupto 120amp(R0003)•Sturdycopperconnectors• Excellentlongtermstability.
hbEpower rating : 2W to 5WResistance range : R0005 to R005 Tolerances available :±1%(0.5%andothertoleranceavailableonrequest)applications: •Currentsensingforpowerhybridapplications•Automotiveapplicationsthatrequirehigh currentcapability•Frequencyconvertors•Powermodulesfeatures:•5WconstantpowerinR0005•4terminalconnectionsforexceptionally accuratemeasurement•Excellentlongterm stabilityduetonatureofconstruction.
hSEpower rating : 2W to 5W Resistance range : R0002 to R005 Tolerances available :±1%(0.5%andothertoleranceavailableonrequest)applications: •Accuratecurrentsensingforpowerhybrid applications•Automotiveapplicationsthat requirehighcurrentcapability•Frequencyconvertors•Powermodulesfeatures:•5Wconstantpower• Capableofcarryingcurrentupto160amp(R0002) oncontinuousbasis•Sturdycopperconnectors•Excellentlongtermstability.
LOW Ohm / CURRENT SENSE RESISTORSELECTRON BEAM WELDED
hEbpower rating :36WResistance range : R0001, R000125, R000218 R000250Tolerances available : ±5%(Availableupto±1%)applications: •CurrentsensorforEBM(ElectronicBatteryManagement)inmotorcars,trucks,forklifts,hybrid&electricvehicles.•Currentsensinginbusbars•Currentsensinginweldingequipments.features:•Upto15Wpermanentpowerinfreeair.•Continuouscurrentloadupto350A(0.1mΩ)• Highpulsepowerrating.• Max.fasteningtorque10Nm.
hOSpower rating : , 2W, 3W & 5WResistance range : R001 to R05Tolerances available : ±5%, ±3%, ±2%, ±1%applications: • CurrentsensorforPowerhybridapplications.• Intheautomotivesectorforhighcurrentapplications.•WherereducedtemperatureisrequiredonthePCB.
features :• ReducedPCBheatingduetoopenairflowdesign.• Flexiblenatureofterminationdesignforthermalexpansion.
hTEpower rating : 1W, 1.5W, 2W & 3WResistance range : R0001 to R01Tolerances available : ± 1% (0.5% and othertoleranceavailableonrequest)applications: • SensorofcurrentforPowerhybridapplications.• Automotivesectorforhighcurrentapplications.• Frequencyconvertor/Powermodules.features :• Excellentlongtermstability.• IdealformountingonDCB/IMSsubstrates.• Hightemperatureapplicationduetonature ofdesign.
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SURfaCE mOUNT (SmD) RESISTORS
hIaSpower rating : 1W to 5WResistance range : R01 to 22KTolerances available : 1% - 10%applications :Fillsthegapformelfandsurfacemountresistorsinapplicationswhicharetoosevereforfilmresistors.features :•WirewoundwithmultipleSMDmountingconfigurations.•ULapprovedflameretardantcoating.•Noninductivetypesavailable.• ImpulseresistorsasperIEC61000-4-5.• 1Wand2W–MELFtype.• Tape&reelpackingforpick&placemachine.
Ressistor fitted with cables for bimetallic switch
for power tools hTR can customise resistive devices for applications in various industries. Currently devices are being supplied to a large number of customers accross the industrial, automotive & consumer electronics sector. please enquire - [email protected]
USa IBS Electronics, Inc.3506-W, Lake Centre Drive, Santa Ana, CA 92704-6985 USATel : + 1 714 513 5343, +1 714 751 6633e-mail : [email protected]
SOUTh afRICaHi-Q Electronics Pty Ltd., Syfin House, 2nd floor, Fairway Close, Ni - City / Parow, 7463, Cape Town, South Africa.Tel : + 27 21 595 1307e-mail : [email protected]
JOHANNESBURG AREAHi-Q Electronics Pty Ltd.,Bartlett Lake Office Park, Unit 8, Cnr. Trichardt & Leith Road, Bartlett, Boksburg, South Africa. Tel : + 27 11 894 8083e-mail : [email protected]
UNITED kINgDOmEurocap International Ltd.138, High Street, Cheshunt, Herts, EN8 0AP, England.Tel : + 44 1992 625407e-mail : [email protected]
maLaYSIaAcumen Components Sdn Bhd155, Jalan Kikik, Taman Inderawasih, 13600 Perai, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Tel : + 60 4 3997713e-mail : [email protected]
Nowwhether a particular resistor can be used in a specific electrical circuit is its ability to dissipate the heat generatedwithout physicaldeteriorationandwithinthetemperaturelimitsofthatparticularcircuit.
Resistorsareratedtodissipateagivenwattagewithoutexceedingthedeclared“hot spot” temperature.Thisislargelydeterminedbythesizeandmaterialsusedintheconstructionoftheresistorandthisiscalled“free air Watt Rating” or “full Rating” or “maximum power Rating”.
1. Decide the resistance value required ThefollowingformulaederivedfromOhmslawcanbeusedforthispurpose– R=V/IorI=V/RorV=IxRwhere, (Risresistanceinohms,VisvoltageinvoltsandIiscurrentinAmperes)
2. Decide the watts (power) to be dissipated by the resistor W=I²xRorW=VxIorW=V²/Rwhere, (WisPowerRating/Wattageinwatts,IiscurrentinAmperes,RisresistanceinohmsandVisVoltageinvolts.)
3. Decide the correct physical size (“watt size”) based on the following parameters – watts, volts, temperature that can be permitted in the particular circuit and mounting consideration.
Thewattageratingofaresistorasestablishedunderspecifiedstandardconditions isdefinedas“free air Watt Rating” (maximum power Rating).
Thefollowingmethodisbroadlyusedtodetermine “free air Watt Rating” basedonthemethodsfollowedby“NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation”–USA(NEMA),“UnderwritersLaboratoriesInc.”(UL)andUSMIL–R26–USMilitarySpecificationforwirewoundresistors.
appLICaTION / DESIgN NOTES ON SELECTION Of WIRE WOUND RESISTORS
appLICaTION / DESIgN NOTES ON SELECTION Of WIRE WOUND RESISTORS
absolute temperature can be arrived at after adding the prevalent ambient temperature at time of test to the temperature rise figures provided above.
These figures merely serve as a guide to a design engineer and must be verified in actual practical conditions by the design engineer before selection and use of a particular resistor.
whendecidingontheactualresistortobeusedintheapplication,asallthesefactorswillinfluencethetemperaturerise: a. The influence of ambient Temperature -Allthecomponentsofanelectroniccircuithavetheirownlimitationsastothemaximum
temperatureatwhichtheycanreliablyfunction. The temperature that thecomponent rises to in service is the sumof theambient temperatureplus the temperature risedue toheat
b. The design of the Enclosure -Thewallsoftheenclosureformathermalbarrier,preventingheatfromescapingandpreventingtheoutsideairfromenteringandprovidingcooling.Hence,duecaremustbegiventotheoptimumdesign/orientationoftheventilationopeningsoftheenclosure.
c. Spacing -Incaseduetodesignlimitations,ifheatgeneratingcomponentsarebunchedtogether,theywillshowahighertemperatureriseduetoheatreceivedbyradiationfromeachother.Thereforeitisprudentifatallpossiblethatthedesignertriestopreventbunchingofheatgeneratingcomponentsandifthisisnotpossible,movestoahigherpowerratingtominimizetemperaturerise.
d. Surges - Incertainapplicationsfore.g.typicallymotorcontrollers, theresistorsdoencountersurgeconditionswhich ifnotproperlymanagedandtakenintoaccountatthetimeofdesigningtheresistor,willleadtoresistorfailure.
a “Surge”occursoversuchashortperiodoftime,inthecaseofcapacitorcharge/discharge<1msecandinthecaseofmotorstart-up<0.5sec,thatthesubstrateplaysnoroleinheatdissipationandtheenergymustbecompletelyabsorbedbytheresistiveelementitself.Pleaserefertothesection “pulse/Surge Capability of Resistors” onourwebsiteinthedesignnotessection.
Hencesurgeconditions,ifanymustbetakenintoconsiderationatthisstagetodeterminethecorrectresistorforthatapplication. e. forced air Circulation -Incaseswheretheapparatusinwhichtheresistorismountedisheatsensitiveorforcertainreasonsresistorused
f. Derating - Itisalwaysadvisablethataresistorshouldbederatedandnotoperatedatitsactualpowerratingforlongtermreliability. Suitablederatingalsocontributesgreatlytotheminimizationof“DriftUnderload”phenomenaobservedinchangeinresistancevaluewhen
aresistorisinoperation. g. higher Resistance value -Inordertoachievehigherresistancevalues,thediameteroftheresistancewirewoundonthesubstrateisa
h. high frequency Circuit -Wirewoundresistorsmaybeeffectivelyusedincircuitswithfrequencyupto50KHzwhennoninductivelywoundbythe‘Aryton-Perry’methodofwinding.
Forfurtherdetailsonthissubject,pleaserefertothesection“Wire wounds and their limitations when used in a high frequency circuit” inthe“Design notes” sectionofthewebsiteunder“guide to optimum utilization & mounting of resistors”.
The application eases your search for resistors by categorizing search specifications into two kinds:1. Find resistor by parameters 2. Find a replacement resistor
hTR RESISTOR fINDER (mObILE app & DESkTOp)
1. Find resistor by parameter: Thesearchforanappropriateresistorisfacilitatedbychoiceofresistortype,mounttype,therequiredtolerancegradeandthepackagingtypeinsubsequentscreens.