HERITAGE ASSETS OF EUROPE Presented by: Tiffany Ashlae Cayetano Mrs. Maria Cristina Mirasol Instructor 2016 HERITAGE TOURISM
HERITAGE ASSETS OF
EUROPEPresented by:
Tiffany Ashlae Cayetano
Mrs. Maria Cristina MirasolInstructor
2016
HERITAGE TOURISM
TIFFANY ASHLAE CAYETANO
TIFFANY ASHLAE CAYETANO
TIFFANY ASHLAE CAYETANO
VATICAN CITY
TIFFANY ASHLAE CAYETANO
VATICAN CITY• Situated in Rome, Italy• Also called “The Holy See”• Vatican City is the smallest country
in the world• Area: 44 hectares (110 acres)• Population: 800+
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VATICAN CITY• An independent state by both area
and population• One of the most sacred places in
Christendom• Spiritual center of Catholicism• Attests to a great history and a
formidable spiritual venture• Home to the Roman Catholic Pope
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VATICAN CITY• Interesting facts about the Pope
– There is a monarchy in Vatican City though it is not hereditary by birth right just like in England. Vatican City is ruled by whoever is elected by the Bishop of Rome, and that is the Pope
– The latest Pope elected was Francis I on March 14, 2013
– The Sistine Chapel is where the enclave of Bishops meet to elect a new Pope
– The Pope must always live in the Vatican no matter where they are from
VATICAN CITY• A unique collection of artistic and
architectural masterpieces lie within the boundaries of this small state– Creation of the Renaissance and of Baroque
art• At its center is St. Peter’s Basilica, with its
double colonnade and a circular piazza in front and bordered by palaces and gardens– The basilica, erected over the tomb of St.
Peter the Apostle, is the largest religious building in the world, the fruit of the combined genius of Bramante, Raphael, Michelangelo, Bernini and Maderno <video clip: St Peter's Basilica, Vatican City, Rome, Italy>
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“The Last Supper” by Leonardo da Vinci
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• Inscribed in 1984 by the UNESCO World Heritage Site– Criterion (i): The Vatican, a continuous artistic creation
whose progress spreads over centuries, represents a unique masterpiece of the modelling of a space, integrating creations which are among the most renowned of mankind
– Criterion (ii): The Vatican exerted a deep influence on the development of art from the 16th century
– Criterion (iv): The Vatican is both an ideal and exemplary religious and palatial creation of the Renaissance and of Baroque art
– Criterion (vi): Site of the tomb of Saint Peter and pilgrimage centre, the Vatican is directly and materially linked with the history of Christianity
VATICAN CITY
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VATICAN CITY• Authenticity– The property meets the required conditions of
authenticity, since most of its features are still preserved and maintained in their initial form, perform their primary functions and truthfully convey their original spiritual and cultural values
• The best illustration of all four criteria is the Sistine Chapel <video clip: The Michelangelo Code: Lost Secrets of the Sistine Chapel>
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VATICAN CITY• Vatican City’s Most Popular
Attractions <video clip: Vatican City, Italy - Travel Guide>
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Stonehenge, Avebury, and Associated Sites
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Stonehenge, Avebury, and Associated Sites
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Stonehenge, Avebury, and Associated Sites
• Situated in Wiltshire, England, UK• Constructed between c. 3700 and 1600
BC• They provide insight into the funerary
and ceremonial practices in Britain in the Neolithic and Bronze Age
• Stonehenge and Avebury are among the most famous groups of prehistoric megalithic monuments in the world
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Stonehenge, Avebury, and Associated Sites
• Outstanding prehistoric monuments from the Neolithic and Bronze Age
• Incomparable testimony to prehistoric times
• Over 700 other monuments spanning around 2,000 years of history
• Circles of menhirs arranged in a pattern whose ancient astronomical significance is still being explored
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Stonehenge, Avebury, and Associated Sites
• Stonehenge is the most famous and architecturally sophisticated stone circle in the world– Includes:
• Avenue• Cursus• Durrington Walls• Woodhenge
• Avebury has the largest prehistoric stone circle in the world– Includes:
• Windmill Hill• West Kennet Long Barrow• Sanctuary• Silbury Hill• West Kennet• Beckhampton Avenues• West Kennet Palisaded
Enclosures
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Stonehenge, Avebury, and Associated Sites
• Inscribed in 1986 by the UNESCO World Heritage Site
• One of the UK’s very first World Heritage Sites– Criterion (i): The monuments of the Stonehenge, Avebury and
Associated Sites demonstrate outstanding creative and technological achievements in prehistoric times
– Criterion (ii): The World Heritage property provides an outstanding illustration of the evolution of monument construction and of the continual use and shaping of the landscape over more than 2000 years, from the early Neolithic to the Bronze Age
– Criterion (iii): The complexes of monuments at Stonehenge and Avebury provide an exceptional insight into the funerary and ceremonial practices in Britain in the Neolithic and Bronze Age. Together with their settings and associated sites, they form landscapes without parallel
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Stonehenge, Avebury, and Associated Sites
• Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites <video clip: Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites (UNESCO/NHK)>
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Piazza del Duomo
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Piazza del Duomo• Situated in the City and Province of Pisa,
Tuscany, Italy• Standing in a large green expanse, Piazza del
Duomo houses a group of monuments known worldwide. These four masterpieces of medieval architecture had a great influence on monumental art in Italy from the 11th to the 14th century, these are:– the campanile (the ‘Leaning Tower’),– the cathedral (the Duomo, with its bronze doors and
mosaics),– the baptistery (a round Romanesque building with
an early Renaissance pulpit), and– the cemetery (walled cemetery Campo Santo with
its frescoes)
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Piazza del Duomo• A world renown deep cultural
heritage and stunning architecture
• The Tuscan town Pisa used to have a fleet that reigned the Mediterranean Sea
• Home to some of the biggest medieval art centers in the world
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Piazza del Duomo• Also known as “The Piazza Dei
Miracoli” (which means ‘field of miracles’ or ‘field of dreams’; came up from the novel of a poet named Gabriele d'Annunzio), is home to the Leaning Tower of Pisa, the Campo Santo, the Duomo and the Baptistery. The square and its surrounding areas, were the sites of pre-Roman settlements. The square is a walled area that lies in the center of Pisa.
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The Duomo
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Piazza del Duomo• The Duomo– In the Middle of the Piazza del Duomo is
of course the Duomo. The Duomo is a medieval cathedral, designed by the architect Buscheto.
– Its construction started in 1063 and it was finished in the 13th century. Just like the Leaning Tower of Pisa, the Duomo is slightly tilted, but this is not visible.
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The Leaning Tower of Pisa
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Piazza del Duomo• The Leaning Tower of Pisa– The most famous building on the Piazza del
Duomo is the Leaning Tower of Pisa. This freestanding bell tower stands behind the Duomo and is the third oldest building on the Piazza del Duomo.
– The Tower of Pisa began leaning soon after the start of its construction, which started on August 9, 1173. It took 199 years to complete, in 1372 the bell-chamber was added.
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Piazza del Duomo• The Leaning Tower of Pisa– Original Height: 60m.– Actual Height:• highest side = 56.67m.• lowest side = 55.86m.
– Stairs: 251 steps–Weight: 14,500 tonnes
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The Baptistery
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Piazza del Duomo• The Baptistery– Is a Romanesque building that was
designed by architect Diotisalvi.– Construction started in 1153 and was
finished in the 14th century.– The Baptistery, the largest one of
Italy, is dedicated to St. John the Baptist; there is a statue of him on the top of the dome.
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The Campo Santo
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Piazza del Duomo• The Campo Santo
– The Campo Santo, which was unfortunately damaged during strafing fire in World War Two, shines across the Piazza, generously embracing the picturesque scene and lending some of its warmth.
– Though technically a cemetery, the Campo Santo is still quite beautiful, and the architecture is nothing short of breath taking.
– Along the lines of beautifully appointed buildings and centuries of history, you will find modern museums, tourist destinations, and souvenir shops.
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Piazza del Duomo• Inscribed in 1984 by the UNESCO World Heritage Site
– Criterion (i): to represent a masterpiece of human creative genius;– Criterion (ii): to exhibit an important interchange of human values,
over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning or landscape design;
– Criterion (iv): to be an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history;
– Criterion (vi): to be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance.
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Piazza del Duomo• Piazza del Duomo <video clip: Piazza del
Duomo, Pisa (UNESCO/NHK)>
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Thank you!
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REFERENCES• VATICAN CITY
– http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/286/– http://www.worldheritagesite.org/sites/vaticancity.html– https://prezi.com/cbugt36w41wz/vatican-city/– http://
www.history.com/news/10-things-you-may-not-know-about-the-vatican
– http://www.vaticanstate.va/content/vaticanstate/en/stato-e-governo/note-generali/popolazione.html
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=50&v=nHDuWE88Q3o
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jTBjRrXvJiM– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kQcTnNHKuPc
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REFERENCES• STONEHENGE, AVEBURY AND
ASSOCIATED SITES– http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/373– http://www.stonehengeandaveburywhs.org/– http://
www.worldheritagesite.org/sites/stonehenge.html– http
://travel.nationalgeographic.com/travel/world-heritage/stonehenge/#/sunset-shadows-stonehenge_92760_600x450.jpg
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h0J_RnRILJ0#t=75
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REFERENCES
• PIAZZA DEL DUOMO– http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/395– http://www.worldheritagesite.org/sites/pisa.html– http://
www.leaningtowerofpisa.net/piazza-dei-miracoli.html
– http://www.towerofpisa.org/leaning-tower-of-pisa-facts/
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l_2jUxm0eL4