Hendra Herdian

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The effect of  Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L leaves

as saponin sources on protozoal population, gas production

and rumen fluid fermentation characterization

in vitro

Hendra Herdian, Lusty Istiqomah,

Andi Febrisiantosa, Sigit Wahyu Hartanto

Implementation Unit for Development of Chemical Technology and Processes

Indonesian Institute of Sciences

(UPT BPPTK LIPI)

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Natural glycosidesNatural glycosides

GlyconeGlycone (Sugar)(Sugar) AglyconeAglycone ((SapogeninSapogenin))

Hydrophylic Hydrophylic  Hydrophobic Hydrophobic 

Glucose,Glucose, GalactoseGalactose etcetc

SterolSterolTriterpenoidTriterpenoid

Sources : Plant (mainly), Marine animals and bacteria (francis, et al 2002)

ThesThese Characterizatione Characterization Biological actionBiological action

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Biological effect on animal

 Antimicrobial

 Anti fungal Anti protozoal

Methan inhibitor

Larvacidae

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Hibiscus rosasinensis

(Bunga sepatu)

Flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, terpenoid,Tannin, Krisnaiah, et al  2008

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P. purpureum (200 mg) + H . rosa-sinensis L (level of saponin 0 mg/ml)

P. purpureum (200 mg) + H . rosa-sinensis L (level of saponin 0.1 mg/ml)

P. purpureum (200 mg) + H . rosa-sinensis L (level of saponin 0.2 mg/ml)

P. purpureum (200 mg) + H . rosa-sinensis L (level of saponin 0.3 mg/ml)

P. purpureum (200 mg) + H . rosa-sinensis L (level of saponin 0.4 mg/ml)

P. purpureum (200 mg) + Monensin (1 mg)

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H . rosa-sinensis L leaf ««««««UPT BPPTK LIPI

Monensin «««««(G.200C Monensin Sodium Elanco Animal

Health Division).

In-vitro gas production (Menke, et al 1979 ) «.. P. purpureum

200  mg  substrat, 30 Ml r umen l iquid , 48 h

Variables measured ......... protozoal numbers, gas production,

ammonia concentration, pH and VFA concentration of rumenfluid

Stastical analysis : Completly Randomized Design , ANOVA,

Duncans Multiple Range Test.

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Variable Measured

Saponin Level equivalent (mg/ml)Monensin

1 mg

0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4

Protozoa

population (104 

/ml)

33a

23.63b

19.3c

16.89d

13.26e

17.91cd

Gas Production

(ml/200 mg)41.08

b43.51

ab45.17

a42.92

ab45.40

a27.69

c 

NH3 content

(mg/100 ml)43.50

a40.09

b38.59

bc35.85

de35.22

e37.81

cd 

pH 6.85 6.87 6.9 6.89 6.87 6.87Total VFA (mMol) 47.34 43.83 45.76 42.89 38.87 36.72

Means in the same row followed by different superscripts are significantly different (p <0.05), DM = dry matter 

ResultsResults

Protozoal numbers were decreased significantly (P<0.05) affected by the increased level of 

saponin supplementation Binding sterol at the membrane surface of protozoa (Patra, 2006)

Gas production was increased (p<0.05) affected by increasing saponin level.

activity of rumen bacteria were not affected, Differences on Organic matter NH3 rumen fluid content was significantly decrease (P<0.05)

the use of it as microbial protein structure combined with peptide and amino acid

(Santoso, et al , 2007), binding action between NH3 and saponin (Hussain and Cheeke, 1995).

pH value and Total VFA was not significantly affected (P>0.05). H . rosa-sinensis

L as saponin source was not disturbing the rumen fermentation function.

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Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L as saponin source had potentially effect as

defaunated agent and could influence some of rumen fermentation

characterization in vitro with 0.3 mg/ml saponin equivalen

supplementation level had the optimum effect.

ConclusionConclusion

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