Heat, Energy and Phase Change Chemistry Lowell High School 2006- 2007 3/5/07 to …
Jan 09, 2016
Heat, Energy and Phase Change
ChemistryLowell High School 2006-2007
3/5/07 to …
Agenda
FYI’s Survey Extra Credit Acid Base Titration Lab Energy Concepts Phase Diagrams
Monday, March 5, 2007
FYI Science Survey 3/7 Wednesday
(check website)
Preambles 3/8 Thursday
Acid/Base Lab 3/8 Thursday
RLog 10/14 3/12 Monday
QP 10 (1-35 odd) 3/19 Monday
QP 14 (1-41 odd) 3/26 Monday
RLog 19 3/29 Thursday
Monday, March 5, 2007
Extra Credit (bring 1 or 2) Gloves (50) M or L Distilled Water (1 Gallon) Medicine cups (5) 1 pack Food coloring 1 box baking soda 1 25 lb bag of salt (Costco) Sponges 1 pack of balloons (12”) (20-25/pack) 1 hour of work after school for Ms. Rotter
Bring these supplies M-F of this week, they will apply to this marking period
1 10lb bag of sugar Straws (100) box of Alka-Seltzer Bottle of Borax 1 large match box
Monday, March 5, 2007
Acid Base Titration Lab Attach the peer review sheet to the
front of your team’s report and put your team name on it
Exchange your copy of the report with another team. Make sure that your team’s copies all end up at DIFFERENT tables.
Write your name on the peer review sheet and look over the criteria and form
Monday, March 5, 2007
Acid Base Titration Lab Addition to the lab:
The correct concentration of the sulfuric acid was 1.8 M
In your conclusion section add a calculation of percent error with a small discussion (put in your error discussion area)
o % error = measured - true x 100%true
Everyone will return the peer reviews tomorrow to the original teams.
The final lab will be due on Thursday
Monday, March 5, 2007
Critical point
TriplePoint
Critical point
TriplePoint
Phase Diagrams On the back, you will find data for
another substance Work with your teammates to determine
the graph and answer the questions
Monday, March 5, 2007
Agenda
FYI’s Survey Extra Credit Phase Diagrams
Tuesday, March 6, 2007
FYI Science Survey 3/7 Wednesday
Preambles 3/8 Thursday
Acid/Base Lab 3/8 Thursday
RLog 10/14 3/12 Monday
Test (Chap 15/16) 3/15 Thursday
QP 14 (1-41 odd) 3/19 Monday
QP 10 (1-35 odd) 3/26 Monday
RLog 19 3/29 Thursday
Tuesday, March 6, 2007
Extra Credit (bring 1 or 2) Gloves (50) M or L Distilled Water (1 Gallon) Medicine cups (5) 1 pack Food coloring 1 10lb bag of sugar box of Alka-Seltzer Bottle of Borax 1 large match box 1 25 lb bag of salt (Costco) 1 pack of balloons (12”) (20-25/pack) 1 hour of work after school for Ms. Rotter Bring these supplies M-F of this week, they will apply
to this marking period
Tuesday, March 6, 2007
Critical point
TriplePoint
Critical point
TriplePoint
Phase Diagrams + Lab
Finish the front and the back of the phase diagram sheet
Turn in the sheet in the back of the classroom when you are finished.
Any extra time is for your team to review the peer review sheets and prepare your lab for Thursday
Tuesday, March 6, 2007
Agenda
FYI’s Extra Credit Temperature and Phase
Changes Heat worksheet Preamble 12
Wednesday, March 7, 2007
FYI Science Survey 3/7 Wednesday
Preambles 3/8 Thursday
Acid/Base Lab 3/8 Thursday
RLog 10/14 3/12 Monday
Test (Chap 15/16) 3/15 Thursday
QP 14 (1-41 odd) 3/19 Monday
QP 10 (1-35 odd) 3/26 Monday
RLog 19 3/29 Thursday
Wednesday, March 7, 2007
Extra Credit (bring 1 or 2) Gloves (50) M or L Distilled Water (1 Gallon) Medicine cups (5) 1 pack Food coloring 1 10lb bag of sugar box of Alka-Seltzer Bottle of Borax 1 large match box 1 25 lb bag of salt (Costco) 1 pack of balloons (12”) (20-25/pack) 1 hour of work after school for Ms. Rotter Bring these supplies M-F of this week, they will apply
to this marking period
Wednesday, March 7, 2007
Team Evaluations On a half sheet of paper, write your name
and team name and answer the following questions. 1 = Yes/Great, 5 = No/Horrible
1. How well is your team working together?2. Is everyone contributing to your team?3. How much have you contributed to your team?4. Do you want your team to stay together?
5. If you could pick one person for your team, who would it be? (no guarantees)
6. If there was one person you would *not* want to be with, who would it be?
Wednesday, March 7, 2007
Heating/Cooling When heating/cooling a substance,
there are two options. Temperature change in the substance Phase change in the substance
When you heat cold liquid water, the temperature rises, but it remains liquid.
But when you reach the temperature of 100 degrees C, the water starts to boil, undergoing phase change (L G)
What is the highest temperature liquid water can reach?
Wednesday, March 7, 2007
Phase Changes
Wednesday, March 7, 2007
Solid Liquid
Gas
Phase Changes During phase changes, bonds
BETWEEN molecules break. These are called intermolecular bonds
In the middle of phase change, there is no temperature change, as all energy is going either to make or break bonds
The terms used for phase changes are fusion and vaporization (melting and boiling)
Wednesday, March 7, 2007
Temperature Changes When the phase is NOT changing,
additional heat or loss of heat results in temperature change of the substance.
When the temperature changes, the speed of the molecules changes, which results in a change in kinetic energy
Overall, no bonds break during temperature changes in a substance
Wednesday, March 7, 2007
Agenda FYI’s Extra Credit Preamble 12 Turn in Labs and Heat/Phase
Change wkst Phases of Matter Heat
Thursday, March 8, 2007
FYI Preambles TODAY
Acid/Base Lab TODAY
RLog 10/14 3/12 Monday
Test (Chap 15/16) 3/15 Thursday
QP 14 (1-41 odd) 3/19 Monday
QP 10 (1-35 odd) 3/26 Monday
RLog 19 3/29 Thursday
Thursday, March 8, 2007
Extra Credit (bring 1 or 2) Distilled Water (1 Gallon) Medicine cups (5) 1 pack Food coloring 1 10lb bag of sugar box of Alka-Seltzer Bottle of Borax 1 large match box 1 25 lb bag of salt (Costco) 1 pack of balloons (12”) (20-25/pack) 1 hour of work after school for Ms. Rotter Bring these supplies M-F of this week, they will apply
to this marking period
Thursday, March 8, 2007
Preamble 12 Make sure each of your preambles has the
number and date highlighted and in order. (If not in order, indicate where out of order preambles are)
Star your best preamble and answer the following: How does the preamble showcase your
scientific thinking and reasoning skills? What were some problems you had, and
what did you learn in the course of doing that preamble?
Thursday, March 8, 2007
PhasesLiquid:
intermediate intermolecular bonds medium kinetic energy fluid form/shape, fixed volume
Solid: most intermolecular bonds lowest kinetic energy Fixed form/shape and volume
Gas: least intermolecular bonds highest kinetic energy fluid form/shape and volume
Supercritical Fluid: properties of gas and liquid Pictures Video
Thursday, March 8, 2007
Heat The system = reaction/chamber/thing The surroundings = everything else
(often you) The system and surroundings have opposite
reactions in terms of heat
Adding heat to the system is an endothermic process (surroundings lose, feel colder)
Heat leaving the system is an exothermic process (surroundings gain, feel warmer)
Thursday, March 8, 2007
Agenda
FYI’s Extra Credit Hydrogen Energy Videos
Friday, March 9, 2007
FYI
RLog 10/14 3/12 Monday
Test (Chap 15/16) 3/15 Thursday
QP 14 (1-41 odd) 3/19 Monday
QP 10 (1-35 odd) 3/26 Monday
RLog 19 3/29 Thursday
Friday, March 9, 2007
Extra Credit (bring 1 or 2) Distilled Water (1 Gallon) Medicine cups (5) 1 pack Food coloring 1 10lb bag of sugar box of Alka-Seltzer Bottle of Borax 1 large match box 1 25 lb bag of salt (Costco) 1 pack of balloons (12”) (20-25/pack) 1 hour of work after school for Ms. Rotter Bring these supplies M-F of this week, they will apply
to this marking period
Friday, March 9, 2007
Hydrogen Energy You will be doing a reading log on the
videos that we watch Take down information that is new to
you, surprising, or just interesting. Most of the videos are fairly short, but
packed with information. Pay close attention
Friday, March 9, 2007
Agenda
FYI’s Preamble 1 Reading Report 10/14 Enthalpy, Entropy and
Energy
Monday, March 12, 2007
FYI
RLog 10/14 TODAY
Test (Chap 15/16) 3/15 Thursday
QP 14 (1-41 odd) 3/19 Monday
QP 10 (1-35 odd) 3/26 Monday
RLog 19 3/29 Thursday
Monday, March 12, 2007
Preamble 1 (5 min) Write out the reaction discussed in the
videos that uses hydrogen to make water. Is energy produced or consumed in this reaction?
What other reactions of hydrogen were discussed in the videos?
What are some of the complications you see with the use of hydrogen energy now and in the future?
What are some possible ways that those problems can be overcome?
Monday, March 12, 2007
Reading Log Report On your whiteboard, construct a reading
report for chapter 10/14 (8 min) Include 3 bullet points and cite section #
Interconnected Interesting
Incomprehensible Clarification
Tuesday, February 20, 2007
Important
Enthalpy and EntropyH – Enthalpy – heat energy of a reaction
if constant pressure, H = q negative H = favored reaction, exothermic
positive H = not favored, endothermic
S – Entropy – measure of disorder in the system
higher S = more disorder, lower S = ordered
negative S = unfavored, positive S = favored
Monday, March 12, 2007
Energy G = H – TS (reaction at constant
temperature) Gibbs free energy – combines two driving
forces on a reaction If data is collected at standard state, a
pressure of 1 bar, the driving forces can be compared. The 1 bar is arbitrary, but allows reference between all other materials and their standard states. G° = H° – TS°
If G° = negative, reaction is favored If G° = positive, reaction is unfavored
Monday, March 12, 2007
Agenda
FYI’s Enthalpy, Entropy and
Energy Preamble 2
Tuesday, March 13, 2007
FYI Retakes 3/14-3/16 W-F
Test (Chap 15/16) 3/15 Thursday
QP 14 (1-41 odd) 3/19 Monday
RLog Asimov (online) 3/22 Thursday
QP 10 (1-35 odd) 3/26 Monday
RLog 19 3/29 Thursday
QP 19
STAR Test (online)
Tuesday, March 13, 2007
Enthalpy and EntropyH – Enthalpy – heat energy of a reaction
if constant pressure, H = q negative H = favored reaction, exothermic
positive H = not favored, endothermic
S – Entropy – measure of disorder in the system
higher S = more disorder, lower S = ordered
negative S = unfavored, positive S = favored
Tuesday, March 13, 2007
Energy G = H – TS (reaction at constant
temperature) Gibbs free energy – combines two driving
forces on a reaction If data is collected at standard state, a
pressure of 1 bar, the driving forces can be compared. The 1 bar is arbitrary, but allows reference between all other materials and their standard states. G° = H° – TS°
If G° = negative, reaction is favored If G° = positive, reaction is unfavored
Tuesday, March 13, 2007
Activation EnergyEven though a reaction is favored, it
may not proceed. This is due to activation energy
All reactions require some input of energy in order to get started, regardless of whether the reaction overall releases or absorbs energy.
A catalyst can be used to lower the activation energy of a reaction
Tuesday, March 13, 2007
Diagram 1
Tuesday, March 13, 2007
Diagram 2
Tuesday, March 13, 2007
Agenda
FYI’s Metal Hydrides
Wednesday, March 14, 2007
FYI Retakes 3/14-3/16 W-F
Test (Chap 15/16) 3/15 Thursday
QP 14 (1-41 odd) 3/19 Monday
RLog Asimov (online) 3/22 Thursday
QP 10 (1-35 odd) 3/26 Monday
RLog 19 3/29 Thursday
QP 19 (1-45 odd)
STAR Test (online) over spring break
Wednesday, March 14, 2007
Metal Hydrides You have sets of data for 9 metals
Properties Thermodynamic
The goal is to rank the metals in order of which should be used as a storage metal for hydrogen powered cars
Come up with criteria for what thermo data is “good” and what properties would be “good”
Wednesday, March 14, 2007
Metal Hydrides You need to evaluate all of the data and write
up a group report on the 9 metals. Draw an activation energy diagram for each
metal Give a detailed explanation of the factors
involved in your decision for each metal (discuss properties and thermo data)
Each person in the group should assume responsibility for at least 2 metals, and they must write that section of the report
Wednesday, March 14, 2007
Agenda
FYI’s Balloons Lab!
Friday, March 16, 2007
FYI Retakes 3/14-3/16 W-F
BALLOONS 3/20 Tuesday
QP 14 (1-41 odd) 3/19 Monday
RLog Asimov (online) 3/22 Thursday
QP 10 (1-35 odd) 3/26 Monday
RLog 19 3/29 Thursday
QP 19 (1-45 odd)
STAR Test (online) over spring break
Friday, March 16, 2007
Balloons Each person will take home 1 balloon and
freeze it over the weekend (2-3 days, start on Friday) until Tuesday the 20th
Groups should take 1 large balloon and the rest in small balloons
Fill the balloons approximately halfway up (compared to blown up) with water AT HOME and then place them in the freezer.
(If you are concerned about them popping, put a plastic bag around them or put them in a dish.)
On Tuesday, bring the balloons early to class to place in a cooler
Friday, March 16, 2007
BalloonsOn Tuesday, bring the balloons
early to class to place in a cooler
Also, bring flashlights and any other materials you would like to investigate the balloons with. (poke, chemically react, probe)
Friday, March 16, 2007
Lab There are several stations for this lab, some will be
done today, some on Monday Record everything you do and notice in the left
column. For each left column entry record what you think or wonder about in the right column. For each activity that you complete write a report using the writing following frame.
“What I did was ________. What I noticed was ________. I think that might have happened because _______ and what I wonder is ____.”
Fill the blanks with phrases, sentences or even paragraphs. Work carefully and safely.
Friday, March 16, 2007
Lab Stations Hot, Cool, Hot Ice Slice Friday Memory Metal Sublime Cool It Bubble Trouble Acid Metal
Friday, March 16, 2007
Agenda
FYI’s Balloons Lab!
Monday, March 19, 2007
FYI BALLOONS 3/21 Wednesday
QP 14 (1-41 odd) TODAY
RLog Asimov (online) 3/22 Thursday
Chap 16 Retake 3/26 Monday
QP 10 (1-35 odd) 3/26 Monday
RLog 19 3/29 Thursday
QP 19 (1-45 odd)
STAR Test (online) over spring break
Monday, March 19, 2007
Balloons
On Wednesday, bring the balloons early to class to place in a cooler
Also, bring flashlights and any other materials you would like to investigate the balloons with. (poke, chemically react, probe)
Monday, March 19, 2007
Lab Record everything you do and notice in the
left column. For each left column entry record what you think or wonder about in the right column. For each activity that you complete write a report using the writing following frame.
“What I did was ________. What I noticed was ________. I think that might have happened because _______ and what I wonder is ____.”
Fill the blanks with phrases, sentences or even paragraphs. Work carefully and safely.
Monday, March 19, 2007
Lab Stations
Hot, Cool, Hot Ice Slice Friday Memory Metal Cool It Bubble Trouble Monday Acid Metal
Monday, March 19, 2007
Agenda
FYI’s Balloons Lab!
Tuesday, March 20, 2007
FYI BALLOONS 3/21 Wednesday
RLog Asimov (online) 3/22 Thursday
Chap 16 Retake 3/26 Monday
QP 10 (1-35 odd) 3/26 Monday
RLog 19 3/29 Thursday
QP 19 (1-45 odd)
STAR Test (online) over spring break
Tuesday, March 20, 2007
Balloons
On Wednesday, bring the balloons early to class to place in a cooler
Also, bring flashlights and any other materials you would like to investigate the balloons with. (poke, chemically react, probe)
Tuesday, March 20, 2007
Lab Record everything you do and notice in the
left column. For each left column entry record what you think or wonder about in the right column. For each activity that you complete write a report using the writing following frame.
“What I did was ________. What I noticed was ________. I think that might have happened because _______ and what I wonder is ____.”
Fill the blanks with phrases, sentences or even paragraphs. Work carefully and safely.
Monday, March 19, 2007
Agenda
FYI’s Balloons
Wednesday, March 21, 2007
FYI BALLOONS TODAY
RLog Asimov (online) TOMORROW
Chap 16 Retake 3/26 Monday
QP 10 (1-35 odd) 3/26 Monday
RLog 19 3/29 Thursday
QP 19 (1-45 odd) 4/13 Monday
STAR Test (online) over spring break
Wednesday, March 21, 2007
Ice Balloon Investigation Your team will design and investigate a
chemistry concept centered around the ice balloon
You will be following the Formal Lab Write Up Procedure throughout
Today is a day for initial exploration and forming questions about the balloons
You will investigate properties of the Ice Balloon and reactions
Wednesday, March 21, 2007
Ice Balloons Write down all your observations and
actions in I saw and all questions in I thought
There are various supplies in the back of the room to experiment with on your balloon (remove the skin)
When you are done with one supply, take it back to the supply area
Wednesday, March 21, 2007
Supply List Food coloring Baking Soda Salt Hydrogen Peroxide Flashlights Soap Spatulas Thermometers
Wednesday, March 21, 2007
Vinegar Rubbing Alcohol Sugar
Vegetable Oil Scales Water, Soap, trays, room materials
Ice Balloon Questioning
Each team must come up with 25 questions in their I thought column by the end of today
Your questions should be tied to experimenting with the balloon or why you see what you see.
Number each of your good questions in your I thought column
Wednesday, March 21, 2007
Ice Balloon Investigation Now that you have your questions, you
need to decide what to investigate Underneath your initial I saw/I thought,
write out, for each question, whether you can design an experiment around it, or if it can be modified to form an experiment (good and bad points)
In addition, indicate whether your team wants to investigate that question
Wednesday, March 21, 2007
Ice Balloon Investigation Come up with 3-5 possible
experiments that you have devised out of your questions.
Sketch out the brief experiments, with procedure in I saw and the reasons why in I thought
Each team member needs this on their sheet, however turn in only one copy for the group to be evaluated
Wednesday, March 21, 2007