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Slide 1
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Heart sounds Use a stethoscope
Slide 3
First heart sound Lub Closing of the AV valves Longer
Louder
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Second heart sound Dub Closing of the semilunar valves at the
end of systole Short Sharp
Slide 5
Murmur Abnormal heart sound
Slide 6
Factors Influencing Heart Rate Autonomic nervous system
Special Circulatory Routes Hepatic Portal Circulation C. Blood
flow from pancreas, stomach, small intestines, colon, spleen and
liver to heart
Slide 36
Special Circulatory Routes Pulmonary Circulation B. Blood flow
from heart to lungs to heart
Slide 37
Special Circulatory Routes Systemic Circulation A. Blood flow
from heart to body to heart
Slide 38
Coronary Bypass Surgery CABAG Coronary artery bypass and
graft
Slide 39
Fetal Circulation Lungs and digestive system are not yet
functioning so nutrient and gas exchange occurs though the
placenta
Slide 40
Fetal Circulation Nutrients move from mother s blood to fetal
blood
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Fetal Circulation 2 umbilical arteries Smaller Carries CO2 and
other waste from fetus to placenta
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Fetal Circulation Umbilical vein Large Carries blood rich in
nutrients and O2 to fetus
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Fetal Circulation Placenta The placenta develops from the same
sperm and egg cells that form the fetus. For nine months the
placenta feeds and nourishes the fetus while also disposing of
toxic waste. Without it the baby could not survive.
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Fetal Circulation Ductus venosus Shunt Allows most of blood to
bypass immature liver and enter into inferior vena cava
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Fetal Circulation Foreman ovale Blood from right atrium flows
to left atrium though this opening Bypasses lungs Located in
septum
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Fetal Circulation Ducterious arteriosus Shunt which connects
aorta and pulmonary trunk to allow blood into body circulation
Slide 50
Pulse and Blood Pressure TPR and B/P are called Vital
signs
Slide 51
Pulse Pulse rate should = Heart rate Average pulse rate 60-
100
Slide 52
Pulse Pulse is felt where artery comes close to the surface of
the skin
Disorders Mitral Valve Prolapse. Leakage of blood into the left
atrium MVP
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Most common form of valvular heart disease, occurring in 2 6%
of the population. Causes: UnknownThought to be linked to heredity.
May be due to: ischemic damage (caused by decreased blood flow as a
result of coronary artery disease) damage to valvular structures
during acute myocardial infarction rheumatic heart disease
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (occurs when the muscle mass of the
left ventricle of the heart is larger than normal).
Slide 70
MVP Symptoms May not cause any symptoms May cause: Palpitations
Chest pain weakness Fatigue Shortness of breath. Prognosis? Usually
harmless and does not shorten life expectancy. Healthy lifestyle
behaviors and regular exercise are encouraged.
Slide 71
Disorders Coronary Artery Disease A # of disorders involving
the cardiac vessels CAD
Slide 72
Hardening of the arteries from lipids and other substances
arteriosclerosis Disorders
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Section of arterial wall widens due to weakness aneurysm
Disorders
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Opening of a narrowed portion of a blood vessel with a balloon
like instrument angioplasty Disorders
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Cerebral vascular accident. Stroke CVA Disorders
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Enlarged veins in the legs due to pooling of the blood Varicose
veins Disorders
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Varicose veins in the rectum hemorrhoids Disorders
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Inflammation of a vein Can occur spontaneously or as a result
of an I.V. or trauma. The most common site is in the leg veins
phlebitis Disorders
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Acute phlebitis with clot formation thrombophlebitis
Disorders
Slide 85
Blockage of the pulmonary artery (or one of its branches).
Usually when a clot from a vein becomes dislodged and travels to
the lungs. Pulmonary embolism (PE) Disorders
Slide 86
Heart muscle myocardium Review Heart rate less then 60 beats
per minute bradycardia
Slide 87
How many umbilical vessels? 3 Review Wide, weak area in an
arterial wall? aneurysm
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In the fetus, the left atrium receives most of its blood
through the? Foramen ovale Review Circulatory route that runs from
the digestive tract to the liver? Hepatic portal
Slide 89
Permits the exchange of nutrients and gases between blood and
tissue cells ? capillaries Review Oxygenated blood is located on
which side of the heart ? left
Slide 90
Where is the SA node located? Upper right atria Review All
arteries carry oxygenated blood. TrueFalse