Heart of PC - Microprocessor

8/3/2019 Heart of PC - Microprocessor

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H EART OF PC - M ICROPROCESSOR

´A microprocessor is a register based clock driven

electronics device which accept binary data as input

and processes it by doing some kind of manipulation

(step by step analyzing by the help of calculation)to

produce the desired result or outputµ

´The microprocessor is a chip that is connected

on a motherboard. That accepts an instruction

and give a resultsµ



GENER ATION OF MICROPROCESSOR

´The first microprocessors emerged in the early

1970s and were used for electronic calculators,

using BCD arithmetic·s on 4 bit words.µ

Other embedded uses of 4 and 8-bit

microprocessors ,such as terminals , printers ,

various kinds of automation etc, followed rather

quickly. Affordable 8-bit microprocessors with 16-

bit addressing also led to the first general purpose

microcomputers in the mid-1970s.



The 8085 Structural Modal:

Accumulator

ALU

INSTRUCTION

DECODER

FLA GS

Register Arrays

Memorypointer

Registers

Timing and control unit

Accumulator

A (8)

BB (8) ()

D (8)

H (8)

ZER

O

SIGN

CA R

RY

P A

RITY

A

U X

C (8)

E (8)

L (8)

Stack Pointer (SP) (16)

Program Counter(PC) (16)

Data Bus Address Bus

Flag Register

D0

C Y

D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1

SZ AC P



BUS(B A SIC UNIV ERS AL S YSTEM)

This is the system of motherboard through whichsignal or data can be transform from one device to

another device.

Three types of bus are found in a

motherboard.

Signal/Data Bus

Address Bus

Control Bus



Signal/Data Bus:-

This is the BUS of the Motherboard which can carry signalsfrom one device to another device.

Address BUS:-

This is the BUS of a particularly Signal/Data of a motherboardwhich is mentioned a address for the particular signal from one

device to another device.

Control BUS:-

This is the BUS of a particular signal of a motherboard whichis control the particular signal of the motherboard from one

device to another device.



CPU TYPE CPU RANGE BUS SUPPORT

Pentium

P1 P2 (I)

P2 (II)

P3 (I)

P3 (II)

P4 (I)

P4 (II)

P4 (III)

P4 (IV)

100 - 233 MHz233 ² 350 MHz

400 ² 450 MHz

450 ² 700 MHz

733 MHz ² 1.2 GHz

1.4 ² 1.7 GHz

1.8 ² 2.26 GHz

2.4 ² 2.6 GHz

2.6HT,2.8,2.8HT,3.0H

T GHz

66MHz66MHz

66-100MHz

100MHz

133MHz

266MHz

266-333MHz

333-533MHz

533-800MHz



733/256/133/1.7

Suppose we have a processor

whose

Configuration given below:-

733 is its original speed in

MHz

256 is its L2 Cache in KB

133 is its Bus speed or clock

speed

1.7 is its core voltage in volt.

Frequency speed= ?

Frequency speed = original

speed / bus speed



P ROCESSOR MODES

PROCESSOR SPEED



PROCESSOR SOCKETS AND SLOTS

PG A(Pi n Grid Array)

SPG A(Staggered Pin Grid Array)

MPG A(Micro PG A)

FC-PG A(Flip-Chip PinGrid array)

FC-PG A2(FCA-PG A with an integrated heatspreader)

LG A(Land Grid Array)

PAC(Pin Array Cartridge)

PPG A(Plastic PG A)

SC242(Slot connecter with 242 pins) SECC (Single Edge Contact Cartridge)

BG A(Ball Grid Array)

FC-BG A(Flip Chip BG A)



V RM T ECHNOLOGY

´It is a technique to make

the microprocessor work

at a low voltage state.µ

From socket 7 onwards a new

technology was implemented known

as V RM(Voltage Regulation Module)



INSTALLING PROCESSOR ON

MOTHERBOARD

STEP-1

Heart of PC - Microprocessor

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