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Layers of the heart wall
• Endocardium– Endothelium• Simple squamous epithelium• Subendocardial conective tissue
• Myocardium– The thickest layer– Cardiac muscle cells
• Epicardium – Visceral layer of the pericardium– Connective tissue– Adipose tissue
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EndocardiumSimple squamous epithelium
Connective Tissue
Smooth muscle
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Cardiac Muscle
Intercalated Disc
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Epicardium
• Adipose Tissue• Coronary vessels and
cardiac nerves• Mesothelium
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Heart Lumen
Endocardium
Myocardium
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Pericardial cavity
Epicardium
Sub-epicardial CT
Myocardia
Myocardia
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Cardiac Skeleton
• Composed of dense connective tissue• Three main components:
– The annuli fibrosi, formed around the base of the aorta, pulmonary artery, and the atrioventricular orifices
– The trigonum fibrosum, formed primarily in the vicinity of the cuspal area of the aortic valve
– The septum membranaceum, constituting the upper portion of the interventricular septum
• Function:– providing a structural framework for the heart and attachment sites
for the cardiac muscle– provides a discontinuity between the myocardia of the atria and
ventricles ensuring a rhythmic and cyclic beating of the heart
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Katup yg terbentuk dr perluasan endokardium
atrium&ventrikel + jar ikat di tengah
Endokardium atrium
Miokardium atrium
Endokardium ventrikel
Miokardium ventrikel
Perluasan subepicardium di atrioventrikular
junction
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Musculus Papillaris dan Chorda Tendinae
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Musculus Papillaris dan Chorda Tendinae
MCh Te
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Musculus Papillaris dan Chorda Tendinae
Ch TeM
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Conducting System of the Heart