Healthy Youth Survey & Monitoring the Future 2016 …...Healthy Youth Survey & Monitoring the Future 2016 Results Washington Healthy Youth Coalition March 17, 2017 3/27/2017 2 Organization

Healthy Youth Survey &Monitoring the Future

2016 Results

Washington Healthy Youth CoalitionMarch 17, 2017

3/27/2017 2

Organization of Presentation

• Data Sources

• SECTION 1 Substance Use – Alcohol & Marijuana

• SECTION 2Access, Norms, Perceptions, Enforcement

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The Healthy Youth Survey is a statewide school survey administered every 2 years since 1988. The current version has been implemented since 2002.

The HYS collects data on health risk behaviors that contribute to morbidity, mortality, and social problems among youth.

Respondents: 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th grade students.

Schools: 1,000 public schoolsParticipants: 230,000 studentsState Sample: 38,000 studentsState Sample 10th Grade: 11,000 students

Healthy Youth Survey - 2016

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Annual national survey since 1975 (42 years)

POPULATION: 45,000 students SCHOOLS: 380 public/private secondary GRADES: 8, 10 and 12PARTICIPATION: 3-stage random sample

1. Geographic selection2. School Selection3. Student Selection

Selected schools participate for 2 years

Monitoring the Future - 2016

2015 MTF REPORT http://www.monitoringthefuture.org

Section 1

• Alcohol & Marijuana Substance Use

• Substance Use-Related Behaviors

• National vs. State Trends

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Alcohol Use: Youth, Past 30 Days 2002-2016

4%2%

18%

8%

29%

20%

43%

32%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

6th Grade

8th Grade

10th Grade

12th Grade

Source: Washington Healthy Youth Survey - 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016.

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Alcohol Use, Past 30 Days10th Graders by Race and Ethnicity

Source: Washington State Healthy Youth Survey – 2016.

22%

25%

12%

20%

23% 24% 23%

20%

Hispanic AI/AN Asian Black Multi-Race NativeHawaiian/OtherPacific Islander

Other Race White

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

Results Washington: 19%

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Monitoring the Future & Healthy Youth SurveyAlcohol Use: Youth, 10th Grade Past 30 Days, 2002-2016

Source: Washington Healthy Youth Survey - 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 20162016 MTF FIGURE 2 http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/data/16data/16drfig3.pdf

35% 35% 34%

29%

29% 28%24%

20%29%

33% 33%

32%

28%

23%21% 20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

MTF

HYS

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Monitoring the Future & Healthy Youth Survey

Alcohol Use: Lifetime Use Grade 10, 2002-2016

Source: Washington Healthy Youth Survey -1998 = 20162016 MTF FIGURE 2 http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/data/16data/16drfig3.pdf

67%64%

62%58% 58%

54%49%

43%

60% 60% 61% 61%57%

52% 50%48%

0%

30%

60%

90%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

MTF-ALC

HYS-ALC

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Binge Drinking, Past 2 Weeks: 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th GradesHad 5 or more drinks in a row during the past 2 weeks?

3%1%

10%

4%

19%

11%

27%

18%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

6th Grade

8th Grade

10th Grade

12th Grade


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Binge Drinking , Past 2 Weeks10th Graders by Race and Ethnicity


13%

16%

5%

15%

13%

15%

13%

10%

Hispanic AI/AN Asian Black Mult-Race NativeHawaiian/OtherPacific Islander

Other Race White

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

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Level of Alcohol Use: 10th Graders - 2016

Among 10th graders who drank alcohol in the past 30 days, nearly 1 in 3 are problem drinkers

*LEVEL OF ALCOHOL USE

None: no drinking in the past 30 days and no binge drinking in the past 2 weeks

Experimental: 1-2 days drinking, and no binge drinking

Heavy: 3-5 days of drinking, and/or one binge

Problem: 6+ days drinking, and/or 2+ binges

No Drinking78.3%

Experimental

8.7%

Problem

6.8%Heavy

6.2%


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Level of Alcohol Use, Past 30 Days10th Graders

Source: Washington Healthy Youth Survey - 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016.

11%

8%

10%

9%

7%

9%9%

6%7%

9%

6%7%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

Experimental Heavy Problem

2010

2012

2014

2016

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Used marijuana/hashish during the past 30 days?

Marijuana Use: Youth, Past 30 Days


1% 1%

10%

6%

18%17%

25%26%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

6th Grade

8th Grade

10th Grade

12th Grade

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Marijuana Use, Past 30 Days 10th Graders by Race and Ethnicity


20%

26%

9%

21%19%

21% 22%

16%

Hispanic AI/AN Asian Black Multi-Race NativeHawaiian/OtherPacific Islander

Other Race White

0%

10%

20%

30%

Results Washington: 18%

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Monitoring the Future & Healthy Youth SurveyMarijuana Use: Past 30 Days Grade 10, 2002-2016

Source: Washington Healthy Youth Survey - 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 20162016 MTF FIGURE 2 http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/data/16data/16drfig3.pdf

18%16%

14% 14%17% 17% 17%

14%

18%17%

18% 19% 20% 19%18% 17%

0%

20%

40%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

MTF

HYS

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Marijuana Use: Lifetime Use Grade 10, 2002-2016

Source: Washington Healthy Youth Survey -1998 = 20162016 MTF FIGURE 2 http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/data/16data/16drfig3.pdf

39%35%

32%30%

33% 34% 34%30%

32%30% 31% 31% 31% 29% 29% 28%

0%

20%

40%

60%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

MTF

HYS

3/27/2017 18

Level of Marijuana Use: 10th Graders - 2016


No Marijuana Use82.8%

Among 10th graders who used marijuana in the past 30 days, nearly 1 in 3 used

for 10 or more days

• 1-2 Days – 6.5%• 3-5 Days – 3.0%• 6-9 Days – 5.5%• 10+ Days – 5.5%

Summary – Substance Use

• Alcohol and binge drinking 10 Year downward trend

• Similar national and state downward trends in 30-day alcohol use and lifetime use

• No change in marijuana 30-day use in 2016 compared to 2014

• Similar national and state downward trends in 30-day marijuana use and lifetime use

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Substance UseBehaviors

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Behavior Associated with Youth Substance Use(Drunk or High at School in Past 12 Months)


8%

17%

19%

7%

15%

19%

6%

14%

18%

6%

13%

18%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

8th Grade 10th Grade 12th Grade

2010

2012

2014

2016

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Drinking and Driving in the Past 30 Daysamong 10th and 12th graders

Source: Washington Healthy Youth Survey - 2016.

94.6 90.5

5.4 9.5

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

10th GradeAlcohol

12th GradeAlcohol

No Yes

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Frequency of Drinking and Driving in the Past 30 Days among 10th and 12th Graders Who Responded “Yes”


44%55%

27%

27%

15%

9%

14%10%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

5.4% of 10th Grade 9.5% of 12th Grade

once 2-3 4-5 6 +

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10th Grade Trends: Drinking and Driving, and Riding with a Driver who had been Drinking

Source: Washington State Healthy Youth Survey – 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016.

6.4%7.4%

6.3% 7.2%5.4% 4.9% 5.4%

23.9% 24.5% 24.4%

21.8%

19.4%17.7% 17.5%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

Drinking and Driving Rode with Drinking Driver

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Driving within 3 Hours of Marijuana Use in the Past 30 Days: 10th and 12th Grades


90.783.5

9.316.5

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

10th Grade 12th Grade

No Yes

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Frequency of Driving within 3 Hours of Marijuana Use in the Past 30 Days among 10th and 12th Graders who responded “Yes.”


42%33%

25%

24%

10%

14%

23%29%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

9.3% 10th Grade 16.5% 2th Grade

once 2-3 4-5 6 +

Section 1 - Related Behaviors

• Decreasing 6 year trend of being drunk or high at school among 10th graders

• More youth report driving under the influence of marijuana than alcohol

• More youth report frequently driving under the influence of marijuana than alcohol

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Section 3

• Access

• Types of Use

• Community and Parental Norms

• Enforcement

• Perceptions of Harm

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Youth Attitudes about Alcohol Use: Access – Very or Sort of Easy

Source: Washington Healthy Youth Survey - 2010, 2016.

15%

34%

56%

67%

13%

26%

47%

61%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

6th Grade 8th Grade 10th Grade 12th Grade

2010

2016

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Monitoring the Future & Healthy Youth SurveyAlcohol Perceptions of Access Grade 10, 2002-2016

Easy or Sort of Easy to Get

85% 84% 83% 81% 80% 78%75%

71%

61% 60%57% 59%

56%52% 52%

47%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

MTF

HYS

Source: Washington Healthy Youth Survey -2002 - 20162016 MTF FIGURE 2 http://www.monitoringthefuture.org/data/16data/16drfig3.pdf

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Youth Attitudes about Marijuana Use: Access – Very or Sort of Easy

Source: Washington Healthy Youth Survey - 2010, 2016.

9%

23%

54%

67%

5%

20%

48%

64%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

6th Grade 8th Grade 10th Grade 12th Grade

2010

2016

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Monitoring the Future & Healthy Youth SurveyMarijuana Perceptions of Access Grade 10, 2002-2016


Easy or Sort of Easy

76% 73% 71%67% 69% 69% 67%

64%

51%47% 47%

51%54%

51% 53%49%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

MTF

HYS

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Youth Alcohol and Marijuana Access Source, 2016Among 10th Graders Who Reported using in the past 30 days.


Chart 1 of 2

17%

15%

7%

7%

50%

15%

16%

22%

26%

37%

0% 20% 40% 60%

Gave SomeoneMoney

Party

Stolen fromStore

Home w/Permission

From Friends

Alcohol

Marijuna

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Youth Alcohol and Marijuana Access SourceAmong 10th Graders Who Reported using in the past 30 days.


Chart 2 of 2

8%

17%

6%

11%

7%

8%

9%

14%

0% 20% 40% 60%

Bought Itfrom a Store

Some Other Way

Home w/oPermission

Other Sibling

Alcohol

Marijuana

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“During the past 30 days, what type of alcohol did you usually drink?”

10th Grade

41.2% - Liquor 18.4% - Beer 14.5% - No Usual type12.1% - Flavored Malt Beverages 5.5% - Wine 5.1% - Other 3.2% - Wine CoolersSource: Washington Healthy Youth Survey - 2016.

Liquor41.2%

Beer18.4%

Flavored Malt Beverages

12.1%

Wine 5.5%

Wine Coolers 3.2%

No "Usual" Type

14.5%

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“During the past 30 days, if you used marijuana, how did you usually use it?”

10th Grade those who used

73.4% Smoked it13.5% - Ate it 5.1% - Vaporized 4.4% - Other3.6% - Drank it


Ate it13.5%

Drank it3.6%

Vaporizedit

5.1%

Other 4.4%

Smoked it73.4%

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Short-term Outcomes:Intervening Variables – Norms

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Community Protection and Prevention


76%82%

55%

79%83%

54%

80% 80%

60% 61%

80% 81%

61% 62%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Adults Think It's Wrongto Drink Alcohol

Adults Think It's Wrongto Use Marijuana

Parents Talked AboutNot Using Alcohol

Parents Talked AboutNot Using Marijuana

2010 2012 2014 2016

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2016 Parent Perceptions on Drug UseUse by youth is “wrong” or “very wrong.”


94% 95%

88%90%

76%

83%

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

To Drink Alcohol To Use Marijuana

8th Grade 10th Grade 12th Grade

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Short-term Outcomes:Intervening Variables – Enforcement

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Youth Attitudes about Substance Useand Enforcement: 10th Graders

Note: Percentages account for responses of ‘yes’ and ‘YES!’Source: Washington Healthy Youth Survey - 2010, 2014,2016.

26%

31%28%

32%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

Enforcement – drinking Enforcement - marijuana

20102016

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Short-term Outcomes:Intervening Variables –

Perceptions of Harm

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Risk of Harm from Alcohol UseDrinking once or twice a day has “no risk” or “slight risk”.

39%

24%

37%

23%

41%

26%

0%

20%

40%

60%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

8th Grade

10th Grade

12th Grade

Note: Includes responses where using alcohol regularly has no risk or only a slight risk.


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Risk of Harm from Marijuana UseRegular use has “no risk” or “slight risk”.

13%

21%17%

33%

22%

45%

0%

20%

40%

60%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

8th Grade

10th Grade

12th Grade

Note: Includes responses where using marijuana regularly has no risk or only a slight risk.


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Perceived “Great Risk of Harm” from Alcohol, and Marijuana Use: 10th Graders, 2002-2016


29%

43%

60%

35%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

Alcohol

Marijuana

1-2 Alcoholic Drinks Nearly EverydayUsing Marijuana Regularly

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Alcohol Great Risk of Harm Grade 10, 2000-2016

1-2 Alcoholic Drinks Everyday

31% 31%

32% 35%33% 32%

31% 32%29% 31%

31%

37% 39%43% 44%

43%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

MTF 1-2 Everyday

HYS1-2 Everyday


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Marijuana Great Risk of Harm Grade 10, 1998-2016Using Marijuana Regularly

61%66% 65% 65%

57%

51%45% 44%

60% 62% 60%

52%46% 46%

36% 35%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

MTF HYS


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Marijuana Great Risk of Harm Grade 10, 1998-2016

Trying Marijuana Once or Twice

20% 22% 22% 23%20%

17% 15% 16%

18%23% 23%

26%

19% 21%16% 16%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

MTF

HYS


Section 3 - Summary

• Decreasing national and state trends on perception of great risk of harm using marijuana regularly

• Increasing perception of great risk drinking alcohol 1-2 drinks per day in Washington Sate

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Data Source Acknowledgement & Thank You

• State Epidemiological Workgroup Members

• DOH Department of Health

• LCB Liquor Cannabis Board

• OSPI Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction

• WSTC Washington State Transportation Commission

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Healthy Youth Survey & Monitoring the Future 2016 …...Healthy Youth Survey & Monitoring the Future 2016 Results Washington Healthy Youth Coalition March 17, 2017 3/27/2017 2 Organization

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