Healthcare Technology Patient Care Sharon Roth-DeFulvio 4/20/2006.

Healthcare Technology Healthcare Technology Patient CarePatient Care

Sharon Roth-DeFulvioSharon Roth-DeFulvio

4/20/20064/20/2006

AgendaAgenda

Technology Watch ListTechnology Watch List Technology #3: Heartsbreath Technology #3: Heartsbreath

BreathalyzersBreathalyzers Technology #2: Dynamic 3D Technology #2: Dynamic 3D

Echocardiography in Virtual RealityEchocardiography in Virtual Reality Technology #1: Nanocarriers to Fight Technology #1: Nanocarriers to Fight

CancerCancer

Technology Watch ListTechnology Watch List

1.1. Nanocarriers to Fight CancerNanocarriers to Fight Cancer2.2. Dynamic 3D echocardiography in virtual realityDynamic 3D echocardiography in virtual reality3.3. Heartsbreath Breathalyzers Heartsbreath Breathalyzers 4.4. Enzyme-based computers Enzyme-based computers 5.5. Spray-on Nanocomputers Spray-on Nanocomputers 6.6. A laser that sees through solid objects A laser that sees through solid objects 7.7. Iris IdentificationIris Identification8.8. PACS (Picture Archival & Communication System) PACS (Picture Archival & Communication System)

used with Diagnostic Radiology used with Diagnostic Radiology 9.9. ArtemisArtemis10.10. E-PrescribingE-Prescribing11.11. 3-D Face Imaging3-D Face Imaging12.12. FIRAT (Force Sensing Integrated Readout and FIRAT (Force Sensing Integrated Readout and

Active Tip) Active Tip) 13.13. Genetically engineered mice with glowing heartsGenetically engineered mice with glowing hearts14.14. 3D ads in the sky3D ads in the sky15.15. NanoarmorsNanoarmors

Technology #3:Technology #3:Heartsbreath Heartsbreath BreathalyzersBreathalyzers

A breath sensor, a billion times A breath sensor, a billion times more sensitive than police more sensitive than police breathalyzers, can already breathalyzers, can already check for asthma, ulcers or check for asthma, ulcers or trouble with a heart transplant, trouble with a heart transplant, and if the chemical fingerprint and if the chemical fingerprint of a disease is known, it can of a disease is known, it can test for it. Crucial to the test is test for it. Crucial to the test is not the shallow breath from the not the shallow breath from the upper part of our lungs but the upper part of our lungs but the breath derived from alveoli, the breath derived from alveoli, the tiny chambers at the tips of the tiny chambers at the tips of the bronchial air passages, deep bronchial air passages, deep inside. Alveoli are lined with inside. Alveoli are lined with membranes loaded with tiny membranes loaded with tiny blood vessels. The chemicals in blood vessels. The chemicals in the blood easily cross this the blood easily cross this membrane so that the alveolar membrane so that the alveolar breath "mirrors the breath "mirrors the composition of the blood." composition of the blood." Heartsbreath scanner (Credit: Menssana Research).

Technology#3Technology#3Heartsbreathalyzers Heartsbreathalyzers

OpportunityOpportunity

In the future, hand-held devices similar In the future, hand-held devices similar to a Palm Pilot may be routinely used to a Palm Pilot may be routinely used for the early detection of breast, colon for the early detection of breast, colon and other cancers, tuberculosis, and other cancers, tuberculosis, diabetes and pre-eclampsia.diabetes and pre-eclampsia.

Home monitoring: hand-held breath Home monitoring: hand-held breath monitors will on day be used at home to monitors will on day be used at home to check our health and the evolution of check our health and the evolution of our diseases.our diseases.

Increase testing for disease/health Increase testing for disease/health conditionsconditions

Technology #3Technology #3Heartsbreathalyzer BenefitsHeartsbreathalyzer Benefits

Early detection of diseases and Early detection of diseases and conditions.conditions.

Reduction in costs of testingReduction in costs of testing Innovative and less invasive test for Innovative and less invasive test for

diseases and health conditions.diseases and health conditions. Reduction in the cost of traditional tests Reduction in the cost of traditional tests

for diseases and health conditions for diseases and health conditions At home patient monitoring of At home patient monitoring of

progression of disease and present progression of disease and present condition.condition.

Technology #2Technology #2Dynamic 3D echocardiographyDynamic 3D echocardiography

in virtual realityin virtual reality

Doctors are using a virtual reality Doctors are using a virtual reality system to visualize the heart in system to visualize the heart in three dimensions and detect if it is three dimensions and detect if it is healthy or not. In a pilot study, ten healthy or not. In a pilot study, ten doctors were able to move around doctors were able to move around virtual three-dimensional animated virtual three-dimensional animated images or 'holograms' of the heart images or 'holograms' of the heart and to make correct diagnosis after and to make correct diagnosis after a ten-minute training.a ten-minute training.

▲An impression of a 6-walled I-space virtual reality system. The I-space installed at the Erasmus is a 4-walled system, without ceiling and sliding back wall.

►This figure shows a researcher in the I-

Space, looking at the3D hologram wearing a

lightweight pair of glasses with polarizing

lenses. Within the I-space the head and

hand movements of the viewer is being tracking

by four infrared cameras, allowing a

natural interaction with the images that are

displayed.

◄ A 3D hologram of a patient with an atrioventricular septaldefect is seen from a ventricular view. The arrow points out the commissure between the superior (SBL) and inferior bridging leaflets (IBL) (RV = right ventricle).

Images courtesy of Barco N.V.

Heart Disease FactsHeart Disease Facts

Until now, the 3D echocardiographic reconstructions Until now, the 3D echocardiographic reconstructions could only be seen on a 2D screen, but virtual reality could only be seen on a 2D screen, but virtual reality makes it possible to 'dive' into the actual 3D anatomy makes it possible to 'dive' into the actual 3D anatomy of the heart. of the heart.

Professionals, familiar with intracardiac anatomy, can Professionals, familiar with intracardiac anatomy, can learn how to handle the technique and cut through learn how to handle the technique and cut through these holograms within 10 minutes. these holograms within 10 minutes.

Subsequently, they were all able to correctly diagnose Subsequently, they were all able to correctly diagnose the intracardiac anatomy or pathology of the mitral the intracardiac anatomy or pathology of the mitral valve. valve.

At the moment, I-Space technology is only available in At the moment, I-Space technology is only available in a few dedicated research centres throughout the world. a few dedicated research centres throughout the world. Therefore, the combination of the 3D echocardiography Therefore, the combination of the 3D echocardiography and virtual reality is very uncommon and the and virtual reality is very uncommon and the applicability and usefulness in clinical practice is still applicability and usefulness in clinical practice is still limited. limited.

Technology #2Technology #2Dynamic 3D echocardiographyDynamic 3D echocardiographyin virtual reality - Opportunitiesin virtual reality - Opportunities

Improve patient quality of Improve patient quality of care.care.

Detection of abnormalities Detection of abnormalities and heart disease in the and heart disease in the earliest stages.earliest stages.

Technology #2Technology #2Dynamic 3D echocardiographyDynamic 3D echocardiography

in virtual reality - Benefitsin virtual reality - Benefits

Technology #1Technology #1Nanocarriers to Fight Nanocarriers to Fight

CancerCancer

Anticancer drugs are now being Anticancer drugs are now being administered to patients using methods that administered to patients using methods that cause the indiscriminate killing of both cause the indiscriminate killing of both diseased and healthy cells. diseased and healthy cells.

Such chemotherapy leads to side-effects, Such chemotherapy leads to side-effects, such as nausea, fatigue, and hair loss, and such as nausea, fatigue, and hair loss, and makes the patient weak and frail. makes the patient weak and frail.

For these reasons, there is a crucial need for For these reasons, there is a crucial need for the development of more effective cancer the development of more effective cancer therapy, which not only minimizes side-therapy, which not only minimizes side-effects but also directly targets diseased effects but also directly targets diseased cells.cells.

Technology #1Technology #1Nanocarriers to Fight Nanocarriers to Fight

CancerCancer

Technology #1Technology #1Nanocarriers to Fight CancerNanocarriers to Fight Cancer

Researchers at the Institute of Researchers at the Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (IBN) in Singapore have designed 'smart' (IBN) in Singapore have designed 'smart' nanocarriers which deliver the drugs nanocarriers which deliver the drugs exactly where they are needed, reducing exactly where they are needed, reducing side effects and suppressing cancer side effects and suppressing cancer growth. Their core-shell nanoparticles growth. Their core-shell nanoparticles are both sensitive to temperature and to are both sensitive to temperature and to acidic levels. When these nanocarriers acidic levels. When these nanocarriers encounter acidic environments such as encounter acidic environments such as tumor tissues, they break apart and tumor tissues, they break apart and release the molecules they contain.release the molecules they contain.

Technology #1 - OpportunityTechnology #1 - OpportunityNanocarriers to Fight CancerNanocarriers to Fight Cancer

Intelligent drug delivery.Intelligent drug delivery. Opportunity for a more effective Opportunity for a more effective

cancer therapy - Directly targets cancer therapy - Directly targets diseased cells.diseased cells.

Minimizes side-effects of current Minimizes side-effects of current radiation treatments.radiation treatments.

This technology may also be used This technology may also be used in in-vitro and animal studies for in in-vitro and animal studies for drug discovery.drug discovery.

Intelligent drug deliveryIntelligent drug delivery Quality of life: patient and familyQuality of life: patient and family Reduction in the risk to healthcare Reduction in the risk to healthcare

professionals.professionals. The powerful drugs used in The powerful drugs used in

chemotherapy can themselves cause chemotherapy can themselves cause cancer and pose a risk to nurses, cancer and pose a risk to nurses, pharmacists and others who handle pharmacists and others who handle them.them.

Significant reduction in healthcare Significant reduction in healthcare costs.costs.

Technology #1 - BenefitsTechnology #1 - BenefitsNanocarriers to Fight CancerNanocarriers to Fight Cancer

SourcesSources

American Cancer Society;American Cancer Society; American Heart Association;American Heart Association; Institute of Bioengineering and Institute of Bioengineering and

Nanotechnology;Nanotechnology; Marsa, Linda, Special to The Los Angeles Marsa, Linda, Special to The Los Angeles

Times, November 19, 2005;Times, November 19, 2005; http://blogs.zdnet.com/emergingtech/http://blogs.zdnet.com/emergingtech/