Health Promotion and Improvements Methods. Learning Outcomes Understand the concept of Health Promotion Understand a range of approaches to Health Promotion.
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Slide 1
Health Promotion and Improvements Methods
Slide 2
Learning Outcomes Understand the concept of Health Promotion
Understand a range of approaches to Health Promotion Understand
types of Health Promotion Understand Ethical Issues in Health
Promotion
Slide 3
Health Promotion What is your understanding of Health
Promotion? What is involved in the process? The WHO (World Health
Organisation) define Health Promotion as: Health Promotion is the
process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve
their Health Health Promotion involves providing information to
others which will help to improve their Health and Well-Being.
Different models of Health Promotion and Health Education attempt
to promote health Five main approaches to Health Promotion: The
Medical Approach The Behaviour Change Approach The Educational
Approach The Client-Centred Approach The Societal-Change
Approach
Slide 4
Five Approaches to Health Promotion Medical Approach Medical
intervention tends to be an effective way to prevent disease. It
takes responsibility away from the individual. People generally
trust the method, as strategies have been developed scientifically
with trials to prove effectiveness. For e.g. Mammography a medical
intervention to detect breast cancer. Medical Approach Medical
intervention tends to be an effective way to prevent disease. It
takes responsibility away from the individual. People generally
trust the method, as strategies have been developed scientifically
with trials to prove effectiveness. For e.g. Mammography a medical
intervention to detect breast cancer. Educational Approach This aim
is to give information, ensure knowledge and understanding of heath
issues and to enable well-informed decisions to be made.
Information about health is presented and people are helped to
explore their values and attitudes and to make their own decisions.
Examples include school health education programmes and
breastfeeding clinics Educational Approach This aim is to give
information, ensure knowledge and understanding of heath issues and
to enable well-informed decisions to be made. Information about
health is presented and people are helped to explore their values
and attitudes and to make their own decisions. Examples include
school health education programmes and breastfeeding clinics
Slide 5
Group Work In your groups carry out an in-depth study of the
Health Promotion Approach. Consider: The main elements of the
approach How and where it is used? Examples of campaigns? The
effectiveness of the approach, advantages and disadvantages
Slide 6
Societal- Change Approach The aim is to effect changes on the
physical, social and economic environment to make it more
conductive to good health. The focus is on changing society, not on
changing individuals. When a traditional behaviour of a society is
proven to be unhealthy, a cultural change has to be achieved to
improve health. For e.g. Ear defenders should be worn by anyone who
is exposed to loud noise in their work as commended by Health and
Safety at Work Act 1974. Societal- Change Approach The aim is to
effect changes on the physical, social and economic environment to
make it more conductive to good health. The focus is on changing
society, not on changing individuals. When a traditional behaviour
of a society is proven to be unhealthy, a cultural change has to be
achieved to improve health. For e.g. Ear defenders should be worn
by anyone who is exposed to loud noise in their work as commended
by Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. Behaviour-Change Approach
The aim is to change peoples individual attitudes and behaviours,
so that they adapt a healthy lifestyle. Examples include teaching
people how to stop smoking, education about sensible drinking,
encouraging people to become more physically active, look after
their teeth, eat the right food and so on. Behaviour-Change
Approach The aim is to change peoples individual attitudes and
behaviours, so that they adapt a healthy lifestyle. Examples
include teaching people how to stop smoking, education about
sensible drinking, encouraging people to become more physically
active, look after their teeth, eat the right food and so on.
Slide 7
Client-Centred Approach The aim to work with clients to help
them identify what they want to know about and take action on, to
make their own decisions and choices according to their own
interest and values. One-to-one basis with individuals. For example
contraception is a very personal issue and can be quite complex.
There is a variety of methods to choose from, each with advantaged
and disadvantages. Client-Centred Approach The aim to work with
clients to help them identify what they want to know about and take
action on, to make their own decisions and choices according to
their own interest and values. One-to-one basis with individuals.
For example contraception is a very personal issue and can be quite
complex. There is a variety of methods to choose from, each with
advantaged and disadvantages. Shock Tactics Presenting individuals
with the potential consequences of their behaviour can be enough to
frighten people into changing their lifestyle. For example drink
driving adverts, health warnings on cigarette packets Shock Tactics
Presenting individuals with the potential consequences of their
behaviour can be enough to frighten people into changing their
lifestyle. For example drink driving adverts, health warnings on
cigarette packets
Slide 8
Types of Health Promotion Health can be promoted when people
are fully fit, have a permanent disability or are chronically sick.
Health promoters aim to enable people to be as well as possible
Primary Health Promotion- Primary health promotion means preventing
ill health occurring at all Secondary Health Promotion- Secondary
health promotion involves detecting illness in early stages through
screening or medical examination and giving treatment to correct
any abnormality Tertiary Health Promotion- Tertiary health
promotion involves preventing an existing condition from
worsening
Slide 9
Ethical Issues in Health Promotion Although Health Promotion
aims to improve well-being, there are also ethical issues to
consider. It is not the place of Health Professionals to make value
judgments on the way others choose to live particularly if their
behaviour does not cause harm to others.
Slide 10
Assignment 1 Outline two approaches used in promoting health
and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each approach
500-600 words At least 2 references.
Slide 11
Next Week Looking at types of Health Care Services Provided.
Looking at the Organisation of Health Services.