Health Care

Health Care

Health Care

Chapter No-1: IntroductionHealth care(orhealthcare) is the diagnosis,treatment, and prevention ofdisease,illness, injury, and otherphysical and mental impairmentsin human beings. Health care is delivered by practitioners Inhealth,dentistry,midwifery(obstetrics),medicine,nursing,optometry,pharmacy,psychologyand otherhealth professions. It refers to the work done in providingprimary care,secondary care, and tertiary, as well as inpublic health.Access to health care varies across countries, groups, and individuals, largely influenced by social and economic conditions as well as the healthin place. Countries and jurisdictions have different policies and plans in relation to the personal and population-based health care goals within their societies.Health care systemsare organizations established to meet thehealthneeds of target populations. Their exact configuration varies between national and sub national entities. In some countries and jurisdictions, health care planning is distributed among market participants, whereas in others, planning occurs more centrally among governments or other coordinating bodies. In all cases, according to theWorld Health Organization(WHO), a well-functioning health care system requires a robust financing mechanism; a well-trained and adequately-paidworkforce; reliable information on which to base decisions andpolicies; and well maintainedhealth facilitiesand logistics to deliver quality medicines and technologies.Health care can contribute to a significant part of a country'seconomy. In 2011, thehealth care industryconsumed an average of 9.3 percent of theGDPorUS$3,322 (PPP-adjusted) per capita across the 34 members ofOECDcountries. The USA (17.7%, or US$ PPP 8,508), the Netherlands (11.9%, 5,099), France (11.6%, 4,118), Germany (11.3%, 4,495), Canada (11.2%, 5669), and Switzerland (11%, 5,634) were the top spenders, howeverlife expectancy in total population at birthwas highest in Switzerland (82.8 years), Japan and Italy (82.7), Spain and Iceland (82.4), France (82.2) and Australia (82.0), while OECD's average exceeds 80 years for the first time ever in 2011: 80.1 years, a gain of 10 years since 1970. The USA (78.7 years) ranges only on place 26 among the 34 OECD member countries, but has the highest costs by far. All OECD countries have achieved universal (or almost universal) health coverage, except Mexico and the USA. Health care is conventionally regarded as an important determinant in promoting the general physical and mentalhealthandwell-beingof people around the world. An example of this was the worldwide eradication ofsmallpoxin 1980, declared by the WHO as the first disease in human history to be completely eliminated by deliberate health care interventions.Health and health care need to be distinguished from each other for no better reason than that the former is often incorrectly seen as a direct function of the latter. Heath is clearly not the mere absence of disease. Good Health confers on a person or groups freedom from illness - and the ability to realize one's potential. Health is therefore best understood as the indispensable basis for defining a person's sense of well being. The health of populations is a distinct key issue in public policy discourse in every mature society often determining the deployment of huge society. They include its cultural understanding of ill health and well-being, extent of socio-economic disparities, reach of health services and quality and costs of care. and current biomedical understanding about health and illness.Health care covers not merely medical care but also all aspects pro preventive care too. Nor can it be limited to care rendered by or financed out of public expenditure- within the government sector alone but must include incentives and disincentives for self care and care paid for by private citizens to get over ill health. Where, as in India, private out-of-pocket expenditure dominates the cost financing health care, the effects are bound t be regressive. Heath care at its essential core is widely recognized to be a public good. Its demand and supply cannot therefore, be left to be regulated solely by the invisible had of the market. Nor can it be established on considerations of utility maximizing conduct alone.What makes for a just health care system even as an ideal? Four criteria could be suggested- First universal access, and access to an adequate level, and access without excessive burden. Second fair distribution of financial costs for access and fair distribution of burden in rationing care and capacity and a constant search for improvement to a more just system. Third training providers for competence empathy and accountability, pursuit of quality care ad cost effective use of the results of relevant research. Last special attention to vulnerable groups such a children, women, disabled and the aged.

Forecasting in Health SectorIn general predictions about future health - of individuals and populations - can be notoriously uncertain. However all projections of health care in India must in the end rest on the overall changes in its political economy - on progress made in poverty mitigation (health care to the poor) in reduction of inequalities (health inequalities affecting access/quality'), in generation of employment /income streams (to facilitate capacity to pay and to accept individual responsibility for one's health ). in public information and development communication (to promote preventive self care and risk reduction by conducive life styles ) and in personal life style changes (often directly resulting from social changes and global influences). Of course it will also depend on progress in reducing mortality and the likely disease load, efficient and fair delivery and financing systems in private and public sectors and attention to vulnerable sections- family planning and nutritional services and women's empowerment and the confirmed interest of me siat-e 10 ensure just health care to the Largest extent possible. To list them is to recall that Indian planning had at its best attempted to capture this synergistic approach within a democratic structure. It is another matter that it is now remembered only for its mixed success.Available health forecastsThere is a forecast on the new health challenges likely to emerge in India over tne next few decades. Murry and Lopez have provided a possible scenario of the burden of disease (BOD) for India in the year 2020, based on a statistical model calculating the change in DALYS are applied to the population projections for 2020 and conversely. The key conclusions must be understood keeping in the mind the tact that the concept of DALYs incorporates not only mortality but disability viewed in terms of healthy years of life lost. In this forecast, DALYs are expected to dramatically decrease in respect of diarrhoeal diseases and respiratory infections and less dramatically for maternal conditions. TB is expected to plateau by 2000, and HIV infections are expected to rise significantly up to 2010. Injuries may increase less significantly, the proportion of people above 65 will increase and as a result the burden of non-communicable disease will rise. Finally cardiovascular diseases resulting any from the risk associated with smoking urban stress and improper diet are expected to increase dramatically.Under the same BOD methodology another view is available from a four - state analysis done in 1996 these four states - AP, Kamataka, W. Bengal and Punjab - represent different stages in the Indian health transition. The analysis reveals that the poorer and more populated states. West Bengal will still face a large incidence of communicable diseases. More prosperous states, such as Punjab further along the health transiting will witness sharply increasing incidence of non-communicable diseases especially, in urban areas. The projections highlight that we still operating on unreliable or incomplete base data on mortality and causes of death in the absence of vital registration statistics and know as yet little about how they differ between social classes and regions or about the dynamic patterns of change at work. It also highlights the policy dilemma of how to balance between the articulate middle upper class demand for more access to technologically advanced and subsidized clinical services and the more pressing needs of the poor for coverage of basic disease control interventions. This conflict over deployment of public resources will only get exacerbated in future. What matters most in such estimates are not societal averages with respect to health but sound data illumining specifically the health conditions of the disadvantaged in local areas that long tradition of health sector analysis looking at unequal access, income poverty and unjustly distributed resources as the trigger to meet health needs of the poor. That tradition has been totally replaced by the currently dominant school of international thought about health which is concerned

Chapter No-2: Existing System Presently, our system for a patient to contact a doctor and take an appointment is possible only if patient goes to that particular doctors clinic or hospital. Even the people cant get the correct information about doctors, their details and different hospitals available in a particular city. The only way to get all these are through directly contacting particular persons personally and its a very big problem for a person new to that city. Those who want to have some information in the medical field or wants to get appointment to particular doctor from his own place are not possible.

Hence its a very big problem for those who dont have any idea of the medical field. A person suffering with some problem cannot get correct and immediate prescription or treatment until he meets the right doctor. This may cause or severe problems too. Nowadays in order to get correct information and right treatment for a patient has to go by him wherever needed. This is a lengthy process, which takes a lot of time to design manually, and also costs more and even limited to certain extent. Its not possible to get all the information or details as well as we cant satisfy the user through this process.

Chapter No-3: Proposed SystemThe new system or website availdoctors.com consists of service availability on the Internet. It provides easiest way for all the doctors, patients and others to get all the information needed as quick as possible that too from anywhere in the world. The persons new to particular city can get all the information regarding all the different hospitals, doctors in any hospital data, their available timings data can be accessed in minutes. The main use of this site is that any patient can get appointment to any doctor on any day. That is a patient doesnt need to move to particular city, hospital, doctor to get an appointment. This site also contains the administration module, which deals with inserting and deleting the information into site and modifying and updating in time. The main purpose of going to design and develop this project is to get above mentioned benefits as well as the truth that Internet supports any type of service or business process where in communication between the patients, users, doctors website designers are vital. This system providing the most up-to-date services database and providing link directly to a business from their individual listings.

Chapter No-4: Hardware and software RequirementHARDWARE Microprocessor - 2 GHz Intel Core i7-2630QM Memory - 4 GB 1333 MHz DDR3 Display - 15.6" High-Definition LED HP Bright View Display (1366 x 768) Hard Drive - 500 GB Devices Keyboard and Microsoft mouse or compatible pointing device.

SOFTWARETe notepad Browser - Google Crome

LANGUAGES Front end - HTML (hypertext mark-up language) CSS (Cascading Style Sheet)

Chapter No-5: Snapshot and coding

Description:-Home page where all navigation link are present

Coding

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Welcome in Health Care My Medicine Medicine is my lawful wife, and literature is my mistress. When I get fed up with one, I spend the night with the other Anton Chekhov Search Hospital A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment with specialised staff and equipment. Welcome to Health care Hospitals, India
Health care is the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in human beings. Health care is delivered by practitioners in allied health, dentistry, midwifery (obstetrics), medicine, nursing, optometry, pharmacy, psychology and other health professions. It refers to the work done in providing primary care, secondary care, and tertiary care, as well as in public health.

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Description:-Sign Up Form where user can register to use the system, user can fill the name,email id,mobile no ,qualification and address to register.

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My Medicine Medicine is my lawful wife, and literature is my mistress. When I get fed up with one, I spend the night with the other Anton Chekhov Search Hospital A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment with specialised staff and equipment. Sign Up Here

Name (required) Mail (required) Mobile No (required) Qualification (required) Address (required) Health Care 2014. All Rights Reserved

Description:-Health care system include types of docter which is help user to select specialist doctor according to their expertise

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. About Us, Health Care ..
We all know "prevention is better than cure". This is where Health Care hospitals comes into the picture by recognizing the importance and need for preventive
health care. We have launched pioneering health Cheq TM for your healthy future.

The HEALTH CARE CHECKS offered by the hospital is a comprehensive check up that screens each organ closely to detect even the smallest symptom
that could be an indication of a major disease. In addition, the check also identifies the reason for minor ailments, which are constant irritants.
It also serves as a personal medical record for future reference. Once the check is completed, if treatment is required it can begin without delay.
Apollo's superspeciality departments cover all areas of medical science. For more information or to make an appointment, call the hospital
at 26925858 ext 1090, 1091.

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Description:- Audiologists specialize in ear related issues, particularly with regard to hearing loss in children. These doctors work with deaf and mute children to assist in theirlearning to communicate. They typically work in hospitals, physicians offices, audiology clinics, and occasionally in schools.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Audiologist
Audiologists specialize in ear related issues, particularly with regard to hearing loss in children. These doctors work with deaf and mute children to assist in their
learning to communicate. They typically work in hospitals, physicians offices, audiology clinics, and occasionally in schools.
Good hearing is essential to the social and intellectual development of infants and young children. Audiologists test hearing and identify hearing loss in children of any age. This includes newborn and infant hearing screening and diagnostic hearing tests with young children. Audiologists provide hearing therapy and fit hearing aids on babies and young children with hearing loss.

Audiologists also provide:

Services for school children.
Hearing services and counseling.
Hearing aids and assistive listening devices.
Hearing conservation programs.
Hearing research.

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Description: - Allergists work with a wide variety of patients who suffer from issues related to allergies, such as hay, fever, or asthma. They are specially trained to treat these issues and assist patients in dealing with them and what to do when they are encountered.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Allergist
Allergists work with a wide variety of patients who suffer from issues related to allergies, such as hay, fever, or asthma. They are specially trained to treat these issues and assist patients in dealing with them and what to do when they are encountered..

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Description: - Anesthesiologists study the effects and reactions to anesthetic medicines and administer them to a variety of patients with pain-killing needs. They assess illnesses that require this type of treatment and the dosages appropriate for each specific situation.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Anesthesiologist
Anesthesiologists study the effects and reactions to anesthetic medicines and administer them to a variety of patients with pain-killing needs. They assess illnesses that require this type of treatment and the dosages appropriate for each specific situation..

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Description: - Cardiologists specify in the study and treatment of the heart and the many diseases and issues related to it. They assess the medical and family history of patients to determine potential risk for certain cardiovascular diseases and take action to prevent them.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Cardiologist
Cardiologists specify in the study and treatment of the heart and the many diseases and issues related to it. They assess the medical and family history of patients to determine potential risk for certain cardiovascular diseases and take action to prevent them..

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Description: - Dentists work with the human mouth, examining teeth and gum health and preventing and detecting various different issues, such as cavities and bleeding gums. Typically, patients are advised to go to the dentist twice a year in order to maintain tooth health.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Dentist
Dentists work with the human mouth, examining teeth and gum health and preventing and detecting various different issues, such as cavities and bleeding gums. Typically, patients are advised to go to the dentist twice a year in order to maintain tooth health.

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Description: - Dermatologists study skin and the structures, functions and diseases related to it. They examine patients to check for such risk factors as basal cell carcinoma (which signals skin cancer) and moles that may eventually cause skin disease if not treated in time.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Dermatologist
Dermatologists study skin and the structures, functions and diseases related to it. They examine patients to check for such risk factors as basal cell carcinoma (which signals skin cancer) and moles that may eventually cause skin disease if not treated in time.

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Description: - Endocrinologists specify in illnesses and issues related to the endocrine system and its glands. They study hormone levels in this area to determine and predict whether or not a patient will encounter an endocrine system issue in the future.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Endocrinologists
Endocrinologists specify in illnesses and issues related to the endocrine system and its glands. They study hormone levels in this area to determine and predict whether or not a patient will encounter an endocrine system issue in the future.

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Description: - Epidemiologists search for potential diseases that may crop up and cause a great deal of problems for a population and look for vaccinations for current terminal diseases, such as cancer and HIV/AIDS.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Epidemiologist
Epidemiologists search for potential diseases that may crop up and cause a great deal of problems for a population and look for vaccinations for current terminal diseases, such as cancer and HIV/AIDS.

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Description:- Gynecologists work with the female reproductive system to assess and prevent issues that could potentially cause fertility issues. Female patients are typically advised to see a gynecologist once a year.Gynecological work also focuses on issues related to prenatal care and options for expectant and new mothers.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Gynecologists
Gynecologists work with the female reproductive system to assess and prevent issues that could potentially cause fertility issues. Female patients are typically advised to see a gynecologist once a year.Gynecological work also focuses on issues related to prenatal care and options for expectant and new mothers. For more information on how to ensure that your infant is growing and developing properly, check out this course on nutrition for babies and toddlers!

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Description: - They assess the medical and family history of patients to determine potential risk for certain cardiovascular diseases and take action to prevent them.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Immunologists
Immunologists study the immune system in a variety of organisms, including humans. They determine the weaknesses related to this system and what can be done to override these weaknesses.

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Description:- Infectious Disease Specialists are often found in research labs and work with viruses and bacteria that tend to cause a variety of dangerous diseases. They examine the source of these organisms and determine what can be done to prevent them from causing illnesses.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Infectious Disease Specialist
Infectious Disease Specialists are often found in research labs and work with viruses and bacteria that tend to cause a variety of dangerous diseases. They examine the source of these organisms and determine what can be done to prevent them from causing illnesses.

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Description:- Internal Medicine Specialists manage and treat diseases through non-surgical means, such as anesthetics and other pain-reliving drugs. They work in many different healthcare facilities and assist other physicians in finding the most appropriate means of treatment for each individual patient.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Internal Medicine Specialist
Internal Medicine Specialists manage and treat diseases through non-surgical means, such as anesthetics and other pain-reliving drugs. They work in many different healthcare facilities and assist other physicians in finding the most appropriate means of treatment for each individual patient.

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Description:- Medical Geneticists examine and treat diseases related to genetic disorders. They specialize in disorders that are hereditary in nature and work to find ways to prevent already-present diseases from passing down to the next generation through reproduction.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Medical Geneticist
Medical Geneticists examine and treat diseases related to genetic disorders. They specialize in disorders that are hereditary in nature and work to find ways to prevent already-present diseases from passing down to the next generation through reproduction.

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Description:- Microbiologists study the growth infectious bacteria and viruses and their interactions with the human body to determine which could potentially cause harm and severe medical conditions. They also seek to find immunizations for diseases caused by these organisms.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Microbiologist
Microbiologists study the growth infectious bacteria and viruses and their interactions with the human body to determine which could potentially cause harm and severe medical conditions. They also seek to find immunizations for diseases caused by these organisms.

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Description:- Neonatologists care for newborn infants to ensure their successful entry into a healthy and fulfilling life. The focal point of their examinations is on premature and critically ill infants who require immediate treatment at the risk of fatal consequences.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Neonatologist
Neonatologists care for newborn infants to ensure their successful entry into a healthy and fulfilling life. The focal point of their examinations is on premature and critically ill infants who require immediate treatment at the risk of fatal consequences.

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Description:- Neurologists work with the human brain to determine causes and treatments for such serious illnesses as Alzheimers, Parkinsons, Dementia, and many others.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Neurologist
Neurologists work with the human brain to determine causes and treatments for such serious illnesses as Alzheimers, Parkinsons, Dementia, and many others. In addition to research on the brain stem, neurologists also study the nervous system and diseases that affect that region.So what does a neurologist do exactly? Well, they are instrumental in diagnosing different neurological disorders, such as stroke and Alzheimer's. They also interpret and analyze results from brain scans. Neurologists can also diagnose patients with certain disorders based on a variety of symptoms. Some who are employed by universities also contribute to the medical field by carrying out and publishing research.While a neurologist job description can vary, the path to becoming one is usually the same. Typically, medical school is required followed by several years of residency, where these doctors will eventually find work in universities, clinics, private practices, and hospitals.

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Description: - Neurosurgeons operate on the human brain and body to treat and cure diseases affecting the nervous system and brain stem. They work to alleviate symptoms from serious brain illnesses that cause patients a great deal of physical and emotional pain.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Neurosurgeon
Neurosurgeons operate on the human brain and body to treat and cure diseases affecting the nervous system and brain stem. They work to alleviate symptoms from serious brain illnesses that cause patients a great deal of physical and emotional pain.

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Description: - Obstetricians work in a particular area of gynecology that focuses on neonatal care and childbirth.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Obstetrician
Obstetricians work in a particular area of gynecology that focuses on neonatal care and childbirth. They also perform other operations related to the female reproductive system including c-sections, hysterectomies, and surgical removal of ovarian tumors.

To learn more about neonatal care and the proper way to care for a newborn infant, take a look at this course on bringing your new baby home!

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Description: - Oncologists focus on the treatment and prevention of cancer in terminal and at-risk patients. They offer such treatments as examination and diagnosis of cancerous illnesses, chemotherapy and radiotherapy to destroy cancer cells in the body, and follow-up with survivors after treatment successes.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Oncologist
Oncologists focus on the treatment and prevention of cancer in terminal and at-risk patients. They offer such treatments as examination and diagnosis of cancerous illnesses, chemotherapy and radiotherapy to destroy cancer cells in the body, and follow-up with survivors after treatment successes.

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Description:- Orthopedic Surgeons treat ailments concerned with the skeletal system, such as broken bones and arthritis. These doctors are often found in emergency rooms since accidents that result in broken bones are often unintentional and demand immediate treatment.

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Welcome in Health Care Doctor Type AudiologistAllergistAnesthesiologistCardiologistDentistDermatologistEndocrinologistEpidemiologistGynecologistImmunologistInfectious Disease SpecialistInternal Medicine SpecialistMedical GeneticistMicrobiologistNeonatologistNeurologistNeurosurgeonObstetricianOncologistOrthopedic SurgeonPhysiologistPlastic SurgeonPodiatristRadiologistUrologist Doctor The person who is qualified to treat people who are ill. Orthopedic Surgeon
Orthopedic Surgeons treat ailments concerned with the skeletal system, such as broken bones and arthritis. These doctors are often found in emergency rooms since accidents that result in broken bones are often unintentional and demand immediate treatment.

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Description: - This module define the type of medicine used in medical sector.

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Medicine Type LiquidTabletCapsulesInjectionsgene therapyOtolaryngology cell therapyDrugPathologyPodiatryPsychiatry Search Treatments The application of medicines, surgery, therapy, etc., in treating a disease or disorder.

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Description:- The active part of the medicine is combined with a liquid to make it easier to take or better absorbed. A liquid may also be called a mixture, solution or syrup. Many common liquids are now available without any added colouring or sugar.

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Medicine Type LiquidTabletCapsulesInjectionsgene therapyOtolaryngology cell therapyDrugPathologyPodiatryPsychiatry Search Treatments The application of medicines, surgery, therapy, etc., in treating a disease or disorder. The active part of the medicine is combined with a liquid to make it easier to take or better absorbed. A liquid may also be called a mixture, solution or syrup. Many common liquids are now available without any added colouring or sugar.

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Description:- A tablet is a pharmaceutical dosage form. It comprises a mixture of active substances and excipients, usually in powder form, pressed or compacted from a powder into a solid dose. The excipients can include diluents, binders or granulating agents, glidants (flow aids) and lubricants to ensure efficient tabletting; disintegrants to promote tablet break-up in the digestive tract; sweeteners or flavours to enhance taste; and pigments to make the tablets visually attractive. A polymer coating is often applied to make the tablet smoother and easier to swallow, to control the release rate of the active ingredient, to make it more resistant to the environment (extending its shelf life), or to enhance the tablet's appearance.

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Medicine Type LiquidTabletCapsulesInjectionsgene therapyOtolaryngology cell therapyDrugPathologyPodiatryPsychiatry Search Treatments The application of medicines, surgery, therapy, etc., in treating a disease or disorder. A tablet is a pharmaceutical dosage form. It comprises a mixture of active substances and excipients, usually in powder form, pressed or compacted from a powder into a solid dose. The excipients can include diluents, binders or granulating agents, glidants (flow aids) and lubricants to ensure efficient tabletting; disintegrants to promote tablet break-up in the digestive tract; sweeteners or flavours to enhance taste; and pigments to make the tablets visually attractive. A polymer coating is often applied to make the tablet smoother and easier to swallow, to control the release rate of the active ingredient, to make it more resistant to the environment (extending its shelf life), or to enhance the tablet's appearance.

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Description:- In the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, encapsulation refers to a range of dosage formstechniques used to enclose medicinesin a relatively stable shell known as a capsule, allowing them to, for example, be taken orally or be used as suppositories.

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Medicine Type LiquidTabletCapsulesInjectionsgene therapyOtolaryngology cell therapyDrugPathologyPodiatryPsychiatry Search Treatments The application of medicines, surgery, therapy, etc., in treating a disease or disorder. In the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, encapsulation refers to a range of dosage formstechniques used to enclose medicinesin a relatively stable shell known as a capsule, allowing them to, for example, be taken orally or be used as suppositories. The two main types of capsules are:

Hard-shelled capsules, which are typically made using gelatin and contain dry, powdered ingredients or miniature pellets made by e.g. processes of extrusion or spheronisation. These are made in two halves: a lower-diameter "body" that is filled and then sealed using a higher-diameter "cape".Soft-shelled capsules, primarily used for oils and for active ingredients that are dissolved or suspended in oil.Both of these classes of capsules are made from aqueous solutions of gelling agents like:

Animal protein, mainly gelatin;Plant polysaccharides or their derivatives like carrageenans and modified forms of starch and cellulose.Other ingredients can be added to the gelling agent solution like plasticizers such as glycerin or sorbitol to decrease the capsule's hardness, coloring agents, preservatives, disintegrants, lubricants and surface treatment.

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Description:- An injection (often referred to as a "shot" in US English, or a "jab" in UK English) is an infusion method of putting fluid into the body, usually with a syringe and a hollow needle which is pierced through the skin to a sufficient depth for the material to be administered into the body.

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Medicine Type LiquidTabletCapsulesInjectionsgene therapyOtolaryngology cell therapyDrugPathologyPodiatryPsychiatry Search Treatments The application of medicines, surgery, therapy, etc., in treating a disease or disorder. An injection (often referred to as a "shot" in US English, or a "jab" in UK English) is an infusion method of putting fluid into the body, usually with a syringe and a hollow needle which is pierced through the skin to a sufficient depth for the material to be administered into the body. An injection follows a parenteral route of administration; that is, administration via a route other than through the digestive tract. Since the process inherently involves a small puncture wound to the body (with varying degrees of pain depending on injection type and location, medication type, needle gauge and the skill of the individual administering the injection), fear of needles is a common phobia.

There are several methods of injection or infusion used in humans, including intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intraosseous, intraperitoneal, intrathecal, epidural, intracardiac, intraarticular, intracavernous, and intravitreal. Rodents used for research are often administered intracerebral and intracerebroventricular injections as well. Long-acting forms of subcutaneous/intramuscular injections are available for various drugs, and are called depot injections.

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Description:- Gene therapy is the use of nucleic acid polymers as a drug to treat disease by therapeutic delivery into a patient's cells, where they are either expressed as proteins, interfere with the expression of proteins, or possibly even correct genetic mutations. The most common form of gene therapy involves using DNA that encodes a functional, therapeutic gene to replace a mutated gene. In gene therapy, the nucleic acid molecule is packaged within a "vector", which is used to get the molecule inside cells within the body.

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Medicine Type LiquidTabletCapsulesInjectionsgene therapyOtolaryngology cell therapyDrugPathologyPodiatryPsychiatry Search Treatments The application of medicines, surgery, therapy, etc., in treating a disease or disorder. Gene therapy is the use of nucleic acid polymers as a drug to treat disease by therapeutic delivery into a patient's cells, where they are either expressed as proteins, interfere with the expression of proteins, or possibly even correct genetic mutations. The most common form of gene therapy involves using DNA that encodes a functional, therapeutic gene to replace a mutated gene. In gene therapy, the nucleic acid molecule is packaged within a "vector", which is used to get the molecule inside cells within the body.

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Description:- In the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, encapsulation refers to a range of dosage formstechniques used to enclose medicinesin a relatively stable shell known as a capsule, allowing them to, for example, be taken orally or be used as suppositories.

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Medicine Type LiquidTabletCapsulesInjectionsgene therapyOtolaryngology cell therapyDrugPathologyPodiatryPsychiatry Search Treatments The application of medicines, surgery, therapy, etc., in treating a disease or disorder. Cell therapy (also called cellular therapy or cytotherapy) is therapy in which cellular material is injected into a patient;[1] this generally means intact, living cells. For example, T cells capable of fighting cancer cells via cell-mediated immunity may be injected in the course of immunotherapy.

Cell therapy originated in the nineteenth century when scientists experimented by injecting animal material in an attempt to prevent and treat illness.[2] Although such attempts produced no positive benefit, further research found in the mid twentieth century that human cells could be used to help prevent the human body rejecting transplanted organs, leading in time to successful bone marrow transplantation.[3]

Today two distinct categories of cell therapy are recognized.[1]

The first category is cell therapy in mainstream medicine. This is the subject of intense research and the basis of potential therapeutic benefit.[4] Such research can be controversial when it involves human embryonic material.

The second category is in alternative medicine, and perpetuates the practice of injecting animal materials in an attempt to cure disease. This practice, according to the American Cancer Society, is not backed by any medical evidence of effectiveness, and can have deadly consequences

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Description:- Cell therapy (also called cellular therapy or cytotherapy) is therapy in which cellular material is injected into a patient this generally means intact, living cells. For example, T cells capable of fighting cancer cells via cell-mediated immunity may be injected in the course of immunotherapy.

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Medicine Type LiquidTabletCapsulesInjectionsgene therapyOtolaryngology cell therapyDrugPathologyPodiatryPsychiatry Search Treatments The application of medicines, surgery, therapy, etc., in treating a disease or disorder. Pathology (from the Ancient Greek roots of pathos (), meaning "experience" or "suffering", and -logia (-), "an account of") is a significant component of the causal study of disease and a major field in modern medicine and diagnosis. The term pathology itself may be used broadly to refer to the study of disease in general, incorporating a wide range of bioscience research fields and medical practices, or more narrowly to describe work within the contemporary medical field of "general pathology," which includes a number of distinct but inter-related medical specialties which diagnose disease mostly through the analysis of tissue, cell, and body fluid samples. Used as a count noun, "a pathology" (plural, "pathologies") can also refer to the predicted or actual progression of particular diseases (as in the statement "the many different forms of cancer have diverse pathologies"), and the affix path is sometimes used to indicate a state of disease in cases of both physical ailment (as in cardiomyopathy) and psychological conditions (such as psychopathy). A physician practicing pathology is called a pathologist.

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My Medicine Medicine is my lawful wife, and literature is my mistress. When I get fed up with one, I spend the night with the other Anton Chekhov Search Hospital A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment with specialised staff and equipment.
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Chapter No-6: TestingOne of the purposes of the testing is to validate and verify the system. Verification means checking the system to ensure that it is doing what the function is supposed to do and Validation means checking to ensure that system is doing what the user wants it to do.No program or system design is perfect; communication between the user and the designer is not always complete or clear, and time is usually short. The result is errors and more errors. Theoretically, a newly designed system should have all the pieces in working order, but in reality, each piece works independently. Now is the time to put all the pieces into one system and test it to determine whether it meets the user's requirements. This is the best chance to detect and correct errors before the system is implemented. The purpose of system testing is to consider all the likely variations to which it will be subjected and then push the system to its limits. If we implement the system without proper testing then it might cause the problems.1. Communication between the user and the designer.2. The programmer's ability to generate a code that reflects exactly the system specification.3. The time frame for the design.Theoretically, a new designed system should have all the pieces in working order, but in reality, each piece works independently. Now is the time to put all the pieces into one system and test it to determine whether it meets the requirements of the user. The process of system testing and the steps taken to validate and prepare a system for final implementation are:

LEVELS OF TESTING:The different types of testing are as follows:

UNIT TESTINGVALIDATIONINTREGRATIONNSYSTEM1. Unit Testing: This is the smallest testable unit of a computer system and is normally tested using the white box testing. The author of the programs usually carries out unit tests.2. Integration Testing: In integration testing, the different units of the system are integrated together to form the complete system and this type of testing checks the system as whole to ensure that it is doing what is supposed to do. The testing of an integrated system can be carried out top-down, bottom-up, or big-bang. In this type of testing, some parts will be tested with white box testing and some with black box testing techniques. This type of testing plays very important role in increasing the systems productivity. We have checked our system by using the integration testing techniques.

3. System Testing: A part from testing the system to validate the functionality of software against the requirements, it is also necessary to test the non-functional aspect of the system. Some examples of non-functional tools include tests to check performance, data security, usability/user friendliness, volume, load/stress that we have used in our project to test the various modules.System testing consists of the following steps:1. Program(s) testing. 2. String testing.3. System testing.4. System documentation. 5. User acceptance testing.4. Field Testing: This is a special type of testing that may be very important in some projects. Here the system is tested in the actual operational surroundings. The interfaces with other systems and the real world are checked. This type of testing is very rarely used. So far our project is concerned, we haven't tested our project using the field testing.1. Acceptance Testing: After the developer has completed all rounds of testing and he is satisfied with the system, then the user takes over and re-tests the system from his point of view to judge whether it is acceptable according to some previously identified criteria. This is almost always a tricky situation in the project because of the inherent conflict between the developer and the user. In this project, it is the job of the bookstores to check the system that whether the made system fulfills the goals or not.

Why System Testing?Testing is vital to the success of the system. System testing makes a logical assumption that if all the parts of the system are correct, the goal will be successfully achieved. Inadequate testing results in two types of problems:1. The time lag between the cause and the appearance of the problem.2. The effect of system errors on the files and records within the system.Another reason for system testing is its utility as a user-oriented vehicle before implementation.Activity Network for System TestingThe test plan entails the following activities: 1. Prepare test plan.2. Specify conditions for user acceptance testing. 3. Prepare test data for program testing.4. Prepare test data for transaction path testing. 5. Plan user training.6. Compile/assemble programs. 7. Prepare job performance aids. 8. Prepare operational documents.Prepare Test A workable test plan must be prepared in accordance with established design specifications. It includes the following items: Outputs expected from the system. Criteria for evaluating outputs. A volume of test data. Procedure for using test data. Personnel and training requirements.Specify Conditions for User Acceptance TestingPlanning for user acceptance testing calls for the analyst and the user to agree on conditions for the test.Prepare Test Data for Program TestingAs each program is coded, test data are prepared and documented to ensure that all aspects of the program are properly tested.Prepare Test Data for Transaction Path TestingThis activity develops the data required for testing every condition and transactions to be introduced into the system. The path of each transaction from origin to destination is carefully tested reliable results.Plan User Training User training is designed to prepare the user for testing and converting the system. User involvement and training take place parallel with programming for three reasons: The system group has time available to spend on training while the programs are being written. Initiating a user-training program gives the systems group a clearer image of the user's interest in the new system. A trained user participates more effectively in system testing.

The training plan is followed by preparation of the user training manual and other text materials.Compile / Assemble ProgramsAll programs have to be compiled / assembled for testing.Prepare Job Performance Aids In this activity the materials to be used by personnel to run the system are specified and scheduled. This includes a display of materials.Prepare Operational Documents During the test plan stage, all operational documents are finalized including copies of the operational formats required by the candidate system.Systems testingThe computer department to ensure that the system functions as specified does this testing. This testing is important to ensure that a working system is handed over to the user for acceptance testing.Acceptance testing. The user to ensure that the system functions, as the user actually wanted performs this testing. With prototyping techniques, this stage becomes very much a formality to check the accuracy and completeness of processing. The screen layouts and output should already have been tested during the prototyping phase.An error in the program code can remain undetected indefinitely. To prevent this from happening the code was tested at various levels. To successfully test a system, each condition, and combinations of conditions had to be tested. Each program was tested and linked to other programs. This unit of program is tested and linked to other units and so on until the complete system has been tested.The purpose of testing is to ensure that each program is fully tested. To do so a test plan had to be created. The test plan consists of a number of test runs such as the valid paths through the code, and the exception and error handling paths. For each test run there is a list of conditions tested, the test data used and the result expected. The test plan was then reviewed to check that each path through the code is tested correctly. It is the responsibility of the programmer to collect the data that will produce the required test condition.VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION (V&V):The objectives of verification, validity activities are to assess and improve the quality of the work products generated during development and modification of the software. Quality depends upon the various attributes like correctness, completeness, consistency, reliability, usefulness, usability, efficiency and conformance to standards.The terms verification and validation are used synonymously. These are defined as under: - Verification: Are we building the product right?Validation: Are we building the right product?Verification activities include proving, testing, and reviews. Validation is the process of evaluating software at the end of the software development to ensure compliance with the software requirements. Testing is a common method of validation. Clearly, for high reliability we need to perform both activities. Together, they are often called V&V activities.The major V&V activities for software development are inspection, reviews, and testing (both static and dynamic). The V&V plan identifies the different V&V tasks for the different phases and specifies how these tasks contribute to the project V&V goals. The methods to be used for performing these V&V activities, the responsibilities and milestones for each of these activities, inputs and outputs for each V&V task, and criteria for evaluating the outputs are also specified. The two major V&V approaches are testing and inspections. Testing is an activity that can be generally performed only on code. It is an important activity and is discussed in detail in a later chapter. Inspection is a more general activity that can be applied to any work product, including code. Many of the V&V tasks are such that for them, an inspection type of activity is the only possible way to perform the tasks (e.g. trace ability and document evaluation). Due to this, inspections play a significant role in verification.Chapter No-7: OutputConfirmation Message after Successful Registration

Chapter No-8: Future ScopeIt is unreasonable to consider a computer based information system complete or finished; the system continues to evolve throughout its life cycle, even if its successful. It is the case with this system too. Due to the creative nature of the design, there remain some lapse-mistaken communications between the users and the developers. So, certain aspects of the system must be modified as operational experience is gained with it. As users work with the system, they develop ideas for change and enhancements.

Chapter No-9: Bibliographyhttp://www.healthcarefinancenews.com/blog/pros-and-cons-healthcare-reform-hospitalshttp://www.slideshare.net/drdivyahm/indian-healthcare-system-an-overiewhttp://www.slideshare.net/kataria55/srs-for-hospital-management-systemhttps://sites.google.com/site/himfinalreport/next-chapter-78-scope-of-future-enhancementhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1799442/http://seminarprojects.com/s/future-scope-of-hospital-management-system

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