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Health Behavior and Health
PromotionRichard Taylor, PhD
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Changing Health Behavior For the worse
Increased caloric intakeduring past 3 decades hasincreased levels of obesity
to 1/3 of adults Increased smoking among
teenage girls and youngadult women between1960s and 1990s affecting
unborn children andincreasing hazardsassociated with low birthweight.
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Forces involved in behavior change
Downstream factors Focus directly on individuals and individual behaviors
Mainstream factors Focus on relationship of individuals with a larger
group or population Peer pressure Taxation of cigarettes
Upstream factors Focus on social structure and policies
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Health Belief Model
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Self-Efficacy
A persons belief in his or her ability to takeaction.
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Changing Group Behaviors
Social Marketing Product Price Place Promotion
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Diffusion of Innovation Theory
Early Adopters Early Majority Adopters Late Adopters
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Branding
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Teens and Motor Vehicle Crashes15 24 year olds represent 14%of US population; 30% ofmotor vehicle costs ($19billion) among males; 28% ($7billion) among females
8 teens 16 to 19 years diedeach day in 2009Teen drivers (16 19) are 4times more likely than olderdrivers to crash2009, about 3,000 teens in theUS 15-19 years were killed;350,000 were treated in EDsfor motor-vehicle relatedinjuries
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Who is most at risk?
16- to 19-year-olds are4 times more likely tocrash
Males (15 19 years) Teens driving with teen
passengers
Newly licensed teens
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Teen Driver Risk Factors Underestimate dangerous
situations Speeding Shorter headways
Presence of male teenagepassengers Alcohol (riding with
someone who has beendrinking)
Seatbelt use Males Driving 3 p.m. and midnight
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Prevention
Graduated DriversLicensing Programs
Knowledge of driving
laws
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Questions and Discussion
