-
Chng 9 H thng truyn dn SDHon v tuynCu hnh h thng Cu hnh nodeTn
hiu qun l v bo dngng b mngCc tham s nh gi cht lng h thng
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
on v tuynon (Section)Trong h thng truyn dn c 2 loi on:on lp on
ghp
on lp: L khong truyn dn gia 2 b lp gn nhau nht hoc gia b lp vb
ghp (ngha l on c cha trm lp)on ghp: L khong truyn dn gia: 2 thit b
u cui, gia 2 thit b xen r, gia thit b u cui n thit b xen rTE:
Terminal Equipment: Thit b ghp u cuiREG: Regenerator: Thit b lp
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tuyn (Path)Khi lu thng trn mng, VC c ng gi (assembly) v m gi
(dissembly) mt ln duy nht ti node ngun v node ch. Khong cch t ngun
n ch y gi l mt Tuyn.Tuyn l khong cch ni logic gia mt im ti VC-n c
ng gi v mt im khc ti VC-n c kt cui.Mt tuyn c th xem nh mt ng dn i
ngang qua mt s on ghp v ni trc tip gia 2 im truyn d liu.Khong ni
gia 2 VC-1X hoc VC-2: Tuyn bc thpKhong ni gia 2 VC-3 hoc VC-4: Tuyn
bc cao
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Cu hnh h thngim ni im: Hai thit b u cui kt ni vi nhau qua cc trm
lp.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Cu hnh h thng (tt)Mng ng trc-Trong mng ny ,thit b c s dng theo
ch ghp knh u cui ti 2 trm u cui mng. Gia hai trm u cui, thit b c s
dng theo ch ADM (rt/xen) v REG (lp li).
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Cu hnh h thng (tt)Mng hnh sao (HUB)Trong mng ny, thit b c s dng
theo ch ghp knh u cui (TRM) hay ch rt/xen knh (ADM) ti trm lung
trung tm.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Cu hnh h thng (tt)Mng mc li : Trong mng ny, thit b c s dng theo
ch ADM c kt ni cho
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Cu hnh h thng (tt)Mng vng :Mng bao gm cc trm thit b c ni vi nhau
theo mt vng khp kn . Cc thit b ny c s dng theo ch ADM . Kh nng bo v
trong mng ny rt cao.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Cu hnh node
Cu hnh NE u cuiThit b u cui ghp cc lung nhnh thnh tn hiu STM-N
(N=1, 4, 16, 64) v ngc li tch tn hiu STM-N thnh cc lung nhnh.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Cu hnh node (tt)Cu hnh NE xen rTn hiu nhn c t hng X s c x l con
tr, c kt ni n hng Y v hng lung cc mc VC-12 ,VC-3 , VC-4 ty theo
thng tin yu cu .
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Cu hnh node (tt)Cu hnh NE lpTn hiu t pha X (Y) c x l con tr v a
n pha Y (X) trn cng mt khe thi gian.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Cu hnh node (tt)Cu hnh NE ni cho s Tn hiu vo t hng X , Y hoc hng
giao tip lung s c x l con tr ; sau , chng c th c kt ni n X ,Y hoc
hng lung cc mc VC-12 ,VC-3 , VC-4 ty theo thng tin yu cu .
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dngSOH: Cha tn hiu nghip v qun l , bo dng v
gim st trn cc on lp v on ghp knh .POH: Cha tn hiu nghip v qun l ,bo
dng v gim st cc on cc lung nhnh.
Cu trc SOH trong khung STM-N- STM-1: SOH gm 8 dng 9 ct : 3 dng 9
ct : RSOH 5 dng 9 ct : MSOH
Cu trc chi tit ca cc byte trong SOH nh sau :
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Cc byte RSOH c s dng cho cng vic gim
st , iu khin trn on lp . Cc byte ny c x l ti cc trm lp v nu cn th c
th c chuyn i tip n cc trm khc . Do , ngay c trm lp cng phi c ng b
vi mng .Cc byte MSOH ch c tc dng gia cc trm xen r vi nhau m khng c
tc dng vi cc trm lp ( ngha l c chuyn tip qua cc trm lp ).Trong trng
hp ghp khung STM-N th SOH gm cc byte SOH c ghp xen k t cc byte SOH
ca cc STM-1 ring l .STM-4: SOH gm (8 36) byte , trong :- Cha 12
byte A1, 12 byte A2, 12 byte B2, 12 byte J0/C1 (nu dng C1).- Nhng
byte khc ch xut hin 1 ln trong STM-1 #1STM-16: SOH gm (8144)byte,
trong :- Cha 48 byte A1, 48 byte A2, 48 byte B2,48 byte J0/C1(nu
dng)- Nhng byte khc ch xut hin 1 ln trong STM-1 #1STM-64: SOH gm
(8576)byte, trong :- Cha 192 byte A1, 192 byte A2, 192 byte B2,
192byte J0/C1(nu dng)Nhng byte khc ch xut hin 1 ln trong STM-1
#1
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)STM-4: SOH gm (8 36) byte , trong :-
Cha 12 byte A1, 12 byte A2, 12 byte B2, 12 byte J0/C1 (nu dng C1).-
Nhng byte khc ch xut hin 1 ln trong STM-1 #1
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)STM-16: SOH gm (8144) byte, trong :-
Cha 48 byte A1, 48 byte A2, 48 byte B2, 48 byte J0/C1 (nu dng)-
Nhng byte khc ch xut hin 1 ln trong STM-1 #1
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)* Xc nh v tr mi byte SOH ca STM-1 # n
(n=1 n N)V tr mi byte c c trng bi 2 thng s : (a,b)a = 1 n 3 v 5 n
9: S th t dng trong STM-1b = ch s ct ca byte ang xt thuc STM-1 # n
trong khung STM-Nb = N (i-1) + n (*)trong : i: ch s ct ca byte SOH
ang xt trong khung STM-1(i=1 n 9)n: th t ca khung STM-1 cha byte
ang xt trong khung STM-N Biu thc (*) dng xc nh ta cc byte SOH trong
khung STM-4,STM-16, STM-64.V d: Xc nh v tr byte D2 trong khung
STM-4 v STM-16a=3STM-4: b= 4(4-1) +1=13STM-16: b=16(4-1) + 1=49Ch :
Biu thc (*) khng p dng cho byte M1 v byte M1 cv tr c nh trong dng 9
v cch ct th D11 mt ct v pha bn phi
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Tn hiu qun l v bo dng on lp (RSOH)RSOH
3 hng u ca SOH c chc nng :-Gim st iu khin trn on lp-c x l ti cc trm
lp v c th chuyn n cc trm lp khc.Chc nng cc byte nh sau: A1, A2:- 6
byte u tin ca SOH c dnh cho cc thng tin ng b khung. 6 byte nyc cu
trc : A1 A1 A1 A2 A2 A2 , trong :A1 = 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 = F6 (hexa)A2
= 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 = 28(hexa)- Cc mu ny c cha trong mi tn hiu STM-1
trong STM-N v khng b ngu nhin ha .- Tng t s c 4 6 =24 byte ng b
trong mt khung STM-4, 16 6 = 96byte ng b c ghp trong mt khung
STM-16 , 64 6 =384 byte ng bc ghp trong mt khung STM-64.- C 2 mc li
ca ng b khung l li v ng b khung OOF (out of frame)v mt ng b khung
LOF (loss of frame )
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)J0 :(trc y l C1)C1: Nhn dng tng STM-1
ring l trong STM-N Mi mt STM-1 u c mt s nhn dng ID (Identification)
xc nh v kim tra v tr ca tng STM-1 ring ltrong STM-N khi ghp hoc phn
knh . S nhn dng ny c cha trong byte C1 ca t mo SOH trong mi STM-1 .
V d: trong khung STM-16 STM-1#1: C1 = 0000 0001STM-1#16: C1 = 0001
0000J0: nh tuyn on lp (G.783) J0 c tryn trong 16 khung lin tip to
thng t m nhn dng im truy nhp my thu chuyn thng tin n ng my pht
nh.Cu trc J0 trong da khung 16 khung nh sau:
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Cu trc J0 trong a khung 16 khung nh
sau:
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt) Z1,Z2: byte d tr dnh cho tiu chun ha
trong tng lai
B1: BIP-8 (bit interleaved parity) - Kim tra li on lp.c thc hin
trn cc trm lp v truyn thng sut qua cc trm ghp. - BIP-8 (t m kim tra
chn xen bit) l phng php kim tra li tn hiu.Vic kim tra ny c tin hnh
trn ton b khung STM-1 th n sau khi c ngu nhin ha . Kt qu ca t m
BIP-8 ny s c t vo byte B1 ca khung STM-1 k tip (n+1)trc khi n c ngu
nhin ha . - i vi khung STM-N , ch c byte B1 ca STM-1 u tin c s dng
. - Mi trm lp kim tra tt c cc bit ca cc byte trong khung STM-1 th n
v cng thm cc bit tng ng ca B1 trong khung th (n+1). Nu tng s l l th
b m li tng 1. Kt qu li khi pha thu c chuyn v trm gim st h thng.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)-Trn hng pht, t m n bit c to ra trn mi
dng bit vi di tun theo giao thc m c nh . - hng thu, dng bit cng c m
ha theo qui lut trn. T m mi ny c so snh vi t m m hng pht gi qua .
Bt k s khc bit no gia cc t m mi v c ch ra li bit trong truyn dn
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Hnh- BIP-N .
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)E1:Cung cp knh thoi nghip v
(EOW-Engineering Order Wire) - Byte ny to ra knh nghip v ni b gia
cc trm lp v cc trm khc trong qu trnh qun l, gim st v bo dng. - E1 c
truy nhp ti cc trm lp v trm ghp l ni c gn b CODEC-PCM. F1 : - Cung
cp mt knh thoi hoc truyn s liu tm thi cho vic bo dng h thng khi c s
c h hng. - Cch s dng byte ny cha c chun ha v ngi ta thng dng byte
ny nhn bit on ng truyn c s c trong mt s cc on lp . Khi mt trm lp
pht hin c s c trong on lp ca n th n s xen vo byte ny mt chui 6 bit
xc nh tn trm lp c s c , 2 bit cn li l tn ca s c .D1, D2, D3 : Knh
truyn s liu on lp RS-DCC - Cc knh thng tin d liu cho b lp DCCR t D1
D3 , c tc tng cng l 192 Kbit/s . - Cc knh DCCR c nhim v chuyn lnh
iu khin t mt node qun l mng n trm lp hoc chuyn n cc node cc d liu
gim st c ti cc trm lp thng qua cc cng GNE (Gate Network Element
)
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)RF: Dng cho vi ba s, gm 3 byte RF1,
RF2, RF3RF1: - 4 bit FFK dng nhn bit tng chn trong tuyn nhm m bo
cho b gii iu ch lm vic vi ng tn hiu pht i t b iu ch tng ng.- MSI:
ch th mt tn hiu bng gc ti b iu ch DM: dng choiu khin cng sut pht t
ng
RF2:-PAR: Bit kim tra chn gim st li ca byte RF2-LFI: Ch th li ng
truyn , v tr cc bit LFI ghp cc bit li do b sa li trc pht hin nhng
cha c sa li. RF3:Dng cho chuyn mch bo v Cc byte RF d tr cho vic pht
trin dch v v tuyn
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Tn hiu qun l v bo dng on ghp (MSOH)Cc
byte ny c truy nhp v kt cui ti cc trm ghp v truyn thng sut qua cc
trm lp . B2 : BIP-N24 - 3 byte ( 3 B2 ) trong mi STM-1 dng kim tra
li bit trong phn ghp knh ca cc trm u cui hay xen r . -Trong tn hiu
STM-N , tt c cc byte B2 ca STM-1 u c s dng (N 3 B2 ). -Th tc kim
tra BIP-N24 to ra t m N 24 bit (3byte ) v a vo v tr byte B2 trong
khung STM-N. Phn chia khung STM-N thnh tng khi , mi khi N24bit. C
ch hot ng ging nh BIP-8.
K1 v K2: Cc knh t ng chuyn mch bo v (APS) : -2 byte dng cho vic
t ng chuyn mch bo v l K1 v K2 , c chc nng nh sau : -Byte K1 , K2 ch
c b tr trong STM-1 th nht ca khung STM-N
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt) D4 n D12: Cc knh thng tin d liu ghp
knh DCCM t D4 D12 , c tc 576Kbit/s . Cc knh ny cho php chuyn cc
thng tin d liu gia cc GNE v cc b tch / ghp lung . Cc knh data ny ch
c trang b trong STM-1 th nht ca mi STM-N .
S1: Trng thi ng b
Vng SSM (Synchronization Status Messages) truyn ch th cho bit cc
mc cht lng ca ng h trm ny truyn ti trm khc.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Bng- Cc mc cht lng ca ng h
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt) M1: Ch th li u xa on ghp MS-REI (hoc
section FEBE-far end block error )-Byte ny cha s cc khi b li c pht
hin bi BIP-24 (3 byte B2 ) . Cc gi tr t 0 24 (cho STM-1 ) v t 0 N24
(cho STM-N ) l cc gi tr hp l .-Tt c cc gi tr trn c biu th bi 8 bit
ca byte M1 .
E2: Cung cp knh thoi nghip v (EOW-Engineering Order Wire)-Byte
ny to ra knh thoi ni b gia cc trm ghp.-Cc trm lp khng truy nhp c cc
byte ny.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Tn hiu qun l v bo dng tuyn (POH) VC-1X
v VC2:C 4 byte POH trong a khung 500 s ca VC-1X v VC-2 . POH ca LVC
gm V5, J2, N2, K4Hnh- POH ca VC-1X v VC-2
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt) V5
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)- Cc chc nng ca byte V5 gm : Gim st li
. Cha nhn tn hiu . Ch nh trng thi ng dn ca VC- 1X hay VC-2 .Chc nng
cc bit trong V5 : BIP-2 : Dnh cho vic gim st li bit trn ng dn VC-1X
hay VC-2 .Tt c cc bit trong a khung u c tc ng n BIP-2 ngoi tr cc
byte con tr TU-1X v TU-2 .Tuy nhin , trong trng hp ng chnh m con tr
, byte con tr V3 s c tc ng n t m BIP-2 . REI :ch th li u xa (trc y
l FEBE Far End Block Error ). Nu c li c pht hin bi BIP-2 , bit th 3
s c t ln "1" ; ngc li , bit th 3 s c t v "0" .Bit ny s c truyn v ni
bt u ca ng dn VC-1X hay VC-2 . RFI: Ch th mt tn hiu thu VC-1X v
VC-2 u xa. Bit ny c gi t u xa v trm gc. Nhn tn hiu: Cc bit t 5 7 ch
th cc trng thi ca LVC. RDI: ch th cnh bo u xa. Trong c 2 trng hp
nhn c tn hiu AIS hoc b mt lung tn hiu , bit ny s c t ln "1" v s c
truyn ngc v trm gc
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt) J2 : nh tuyn-Byte J2 dng truyn m nhn
dng im truy nhp tuyn bc thp my thu nhn bit v tip tc chuyn thng tin
n my pht c ch nh trc. M nhn dng c truyn lin tip trong 16 khung
VC-1X/VC-2 N2: iu hnh mng-Byte ny gim st ni chuyn tip (TCM-Tandem
Connection Monitoring) mc VC-1X v VC-2.
b1b2b3b4b5b6b7b8BIP-21AIS nTC-REIOEI TC-APId, TC-RDI,ODI, d
tr
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)-Bit 1 v 2 to thnh t m kim tra chn c 2
bit (BIP-2) cho VC ni chuyn tip.-Bit 3: Pht c nh 1 nhm m bo cho N2
khng pht i mt dy cc bit 0.-Bit 4: hot ng nh b ch th AIS n-Bit 5: ch
th cc khi b li do ni chuyn tip-Bit 6: ch th cc khi b li trong lung
ra VC-n-Bit 7 v bit 8: hot ng trong a khung 76 khung :.Nhn dng im
truy nhp ca ni chuyn tip, thng bo TC-APId nhn dng truy nhp ni chuyn
tip ) c truyn i..Ch th trong tn hiu ni chuyn tip u gn c s c v thng
bo TC-RDI c chuyn ti u xa..Ch th TU-AIS xen vo trong lung ni chuyn
tip trc hoc trong khi ni chuyn tip v thng bo ODI c chuyn ti u xa..D
tr pht trin cho tng lai.K4: knh chuyn mch bo v t ng -Dng bit 1n 4
truyn bo hiu chuyn mch bo v t ng cc LVC-Bit 5-7 ch th u xa c s c
(LP-RDI)-Bit 8 : D tr.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Tn hiu qun l v bo dng tuyn ( POH) ca
VC-3/VC-4
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt) J1 :Byte thng bo ng dn-Byte ny c s
dng truyn thng bo ng dn . Thc cht y l mt knh data c tc 64 Kbit/s
thng bo ng m d liu s c truyn .-Mu tin ng dn di 64 bytes v c 1 byte
s c mang trong byte J1 ca mi khung tng ng . Mu truyn dn bn tin bt u
tr li sau 64 khung . Chui 64 byte gm 4 khung , mi khung c cu trc nh
m t trong byte J0 B3: Byte gim st li ng dn dng BIP-8-Byte BIP-8
(B3) dng kim tra li khi tuyn bc cao . Nguyn tc ny c m t phn trc.
Phm vi cc bit c kim tra l VC-3 v VC-4.-Vic kim tra s ng ng c tin
hnh trn ton b ccbyte ca VC .. Sau kt qu kim tra c lu li truyn trn
byte B3 ca VC k tip . C2 : Byte nhn tn hiu-Byte C2 dng thng bo kiu
"mapping " (b tr ) c s dng trong VC-3 v VC-4, hoc ch th cc trng thi
bo dng ca VC bc cao.-Byte C2 c cc gi tr sau :
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Bng: Chc nng ca byte C2DQDB
:Distributed Queue Dual Bus
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt) G1: Byte ch trng thi ng dn-Byte G1
dng bo ngc v cho trm xut pht bit tnh trng li ca ng dn v n lun c ci
trong t mo tuyn POH ca tuyn ngc v .- Byte ny mang 2 loi thng tin nh
sau : REI (trc y l FEBE -Far End Block Error ): Cc bit t 1 4 ca
byte G1 s cha s li c pht hin bi BIP-8 (byte B3 ) trm xa .REI c gi
tr t 0 8 , cc gi tr cn li ch th khng c li. RDI(trc y l FERF-Far End
Receive Failure ): Bit 5-7 ca byte G1 c dng bo v trm gc l trm xa
pht hin mt s c nghim trng nh : Nhn AIS . Li tn hiu . ng kt ni khng
hon thnh .
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Bng 5.4:Cu trc RDI ca byte G1 F2, F3:
Knh nghip v- Dng lin lc gia cc trm ca tuyn phc v cho bo dng. H4: Ch
th a khung- Byte H4 trong VC-3 v VC-4 c lin qian n cc lung nhnh bc
thp khi ghp cc lung ny vo VC3 hoc VC-4. - 2 bit cui ca byte H4 ch
th v tr cc byte con tr TU-1X v TU-2 trong a khung VC-3 v VC-4
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt) K3 : Knh chuyn mch bo v t ng
(APS)-Dng bit 1-4 truyn bo hiu APS mc VC-3/VC-4, cc bit cn li l d
tr. N1: iu hnh mng-C chc nng gim st ni chuyn tip (TCM) cc HVC. Chc
nng cc bit c th nh sau:TC-REI
TC-APId,TC-RDI, ODI, d trOEI
- bit 1-4 : m li n (IEC) trong t m BIP-8 (B3). M ho 4 bit ca EIC
nh sau:IEC
b1b2b3b4b5b6b7b8
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)-bit 5: ch th cc li khi khi ni chuyn
tip(TC-REI)-bit 6: ch th cc khi b li trong lung ra VC-n.-bit 7 v 8:
ch th im truy nhp ca lung ni chuyn tip (TC-APId), ch thu gn c s c
trong ni chuyn tip v thng bo TC-RDI chyun ti u xa.Cu trc 2 bit ny
ging hon ton byte N2.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)6. S truyn tn hiu bo dngCc nh ngha v
cc s kin v cnh bo trong SDHRegenerator sectionon lpLOSLoss of
signalMt tn hiu OOFOut of frameLi khung(ngoi khung)LOFLoss of
frameMt ng b khungB1RegeneratorLi BIP on lpRS-TIMRegenerator
section traceLi khi nhn dng du identifier mismatch on lpMultiplex
Sectionon ghp knhB2Multiplex section BIP errorLi BIP on ghp
knhMS-AISMultiplex section AISAIS on ghp knhMS-RDIMultiplex section
remoteCh th h hng u xa defect indicationon ghp knhMS-REIMultiplex
section remoteCh th li u xa error indication on ghp knh
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Higher order path (HP)ng dn cp
caoAU-LOPLoss of AU-pointer-Mt con tr AUAU-NDFAU pointer new data
flagC d liu mi ca con tr AUAU-AISAU poiter justification eventS kin
hiu chnh con tr AUB3HP BIP errorLi BIP ng dn cp caoHP-UNEQHP
unequippedng dn cp cao khng c cung cpHP-RDIHP remote defect
indicationCh th h hng u xa ng dn cp caoHP-REIHP remote error
indicationCh th li u xa HP-TIMHP trace identifier mismatchLi (khng
khp) khi nhn dng du ng dn cp caoHP-PLMHP payload label mismatchLi
(khng khp) khi nhn dng nhn ti tin ng dn cp cao
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Lower order path (LP)ng dn cp
thpTU-LOPLoss of TU-pointerMt con tr TUTU-NDFTU pointer new data
flagC d liu mi ca con trTUTU-AISTU alarm indication signal Tn hiu
ch th cnh bo con tr TUTU-LOMTU loss of multiframeMt a khung
TUBIP-2/ B3LP BIP errorLi BIP ng dn cp thpLP-UNEQLP unequippedng dn
cp thp khng c cung cpLP-RDILP remote defect indicationCh th h hng u
xa ng dn cpthpLP-REILP remote error indicationCh th li u xa
LP-RFILP remote failure indicationCh th h hng u xa ng dn
cpthpLP-TIMLP trace identifier mismatchLi (khng khp) khi nhn dng du
ng dn cp thpLP-PLMLP payload label mismatchLi (khng khp) khi nhn
dng nhn ti tin ng dn cp thp(
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Trong cc on ghp, cc on lp v trong cc
tuyn u c cc tn hiu bo dng v cc cnh bo tng ng. Cc cnh bo c phn lm 2
nhm:Nhm th nht truyn cng hng.Nhm th hai truyn ngc hng (hay cnh bo
xa)Cc tn hiu bo dng l cc tn hiu thng bo v ch th trng thi ca ng
truyn. Trong trng hp ng truyn c s c hoc b li th cnh bo ph hp c pht
iTn hiu bo dng on lp v on ghpLOSLOFREIMS-AIS
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)LOS: Mt tn hiuKhi mt tn hiu on no th
on y pht AIS cng hng v pht RDI ngc hng.V d: u vo STM-1 mt tn hiu
th: Khi STM-1 ci t 3 bit cui ca byte K2 bng 110 v truyn ngc hng ngc
tr li cho STM-1 gc. ng thi, ci t AIS vo cc bit b5,b6,b7 ca byte G1
bng 111 truyn cng hng n VC-n pha sau.LOF: Mt ng b khungNu 625s tri
qua m khng thu ng cc byte A1 v A2 th xc nhn mt ng b khung. V d: Khi
trm u xa mt ng b khung th:Ci t cc bit b6,b7,b8 ca bye K2 bng 110 v
truyn ngc li cho trm gcng thi, ci t AIS (111) vo cc bit b5,b6,b7 ca
byte G1 truyn cng hng n VC-n pha sau
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)REI (FEBE): Ch th li khi u xaKhi kim
tra t m BIP-24 (byte B2) pht hin c li th ci t REI vo byte M1 v
truyn ngc v trm gc.
MS-AIS : Tn hiu ch th cnh bo on ghpMS-AIS xut hin trong cc trng
hp sau y:Hng thu thit b ADM b mt tn hiu (LOS)Hng thu thit b ADM b
mt ng b khung (LOF)Lc , thit b s: Ci t bit b6, b7, b8 ca byte K2
bng 111 v truyn cng hng ti trm sauCc byte con tr ti thi im cng c ci
t ln 1 v truyn cng hng ti trm sau
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Tn hiu bo dng tuyn VC-3 v
VC-4REILOPVC-AISRDI
REI (FEBE): Ch th khi li u xaCc trm ghp kim tra t m BIP-8 (byte
B3) trong VC-3 POH hoc VC-4 POH, nu pht hin li th ci t cnh bo trong
cc bit b1,b2,b3,b4 ca byte G1 v truyn v trm gc.LOP: Ch th con tr
TU-3, AU-3 hoc AU-4Ti pha pht, nu con tr no b mt th chuyn i tt c cc
bit trong con tr y bng 1 v truyn ti trm xaTrm u xa nhn bit s ci t
100 vo cc bit b5,b6,b7 ca byte G1 v truyn ngc hng v trm gc.. ng
thi, ci t VC-AIS vo byte C2 truyn cng hng
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)VC-AIS: Ch th cnh bo tuyn bc caoVC-AIS
xy ra khi lung nhnh 34368 Mbps hoc 139264 Mbps ca b ghp b mt. Lc
:AIS ca b ghp y c ci t bng cch gn cc bit con tr v cc bit trong VC-3
hoc VC-4 ca lung nhnh mt bng 1 v truyn cng hng.Khi VC-3 v VC-4 tip
theo nhn c AIS hoc LOP th ci t AIS v truyn cng hng.RDI (FERF): Ch
th mt tn hiu thu VC-3/ VC-4 u xaTrong trng hp u xa nhn VC-AIS, LOP,
LOS th ci t RDI (101) vo cc bit b5,b6,b7 ca G1 v truyn cng hng
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)Tn hiu bo dng tuyn VC-3 v VC-4REI
(FEBE)LOPVC-AISRDI (FERF)
REI (FEBE): CH th li khi u xaVC-n bc thp kim tra kim tra t m
BIP-2 ca byte V5, nu pht hin c li th ci t bit th 4 bng 1 v truyn
ngc hng.LOP: Mt mt trong cc con tr TU-2, TU-12, TU-11Khi pha thu
nhn c cc bit trong cc con tr TU bng 1 th: ci t bit th 8 ca byte V5
bng 1 v truyn ngc v trm gc.ng thi, ci t VC-AIS vo cc bit ca con tr
v cc bit ca a khung VC-n bc thp truyn cng hng.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
Tn hiu qun l v bo dng (tt)VC-AIS: Tn hiu ch th cnh bo tuyn bc
thpKhi trm u xa nhn c cnh bo LOP, LOS, AIS trong tuyn bc thp th ci
t AIS tuyn bc thp v truyn cng hng.
RDI (FERF): Ch th mt tn hiu thu VC-n bc thp u xaKhi trm u xa nhn
c mt trong cc cnh bo trong lung tn hiu bc thp nh LOP, LOS, VC-AIS
th ci t cnh bo RDI trong byte G1 ca VC-n bc thp v truyn ngc v trm
gc.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
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ng b mngS cn thit ca ng bng b: L cc phng thc gi cho tt c cc thit
b s trn mng vin thng hot ng theo cng mt tc trung bnh.C 3 cp ng b:
bit, khe thi gian, khungng b bit lin quan n thit b. Cc u cui pht v
thu ca mt kt ni phi hot ng theo cng mt tc cho cc bit khng c c
sai.ng b khe thi gian ng chnh my pht v my thu sao cho cc khe thi
gian c th c nhn bit trong qu trnh khi phc d liu. (Bng cch s dng
khun kh khung c nh phn chia cc byte. Cc vn chnh ca ng b khe thi
gian l thi gian nh li khung v pht hin) mt khung.ng b khung lin quan
n vic my pht v my thu c cn bng v pha sao cho c th nhn bit s bt u ca
mt khung. (Khung ca T-1 hay E1 gm c 24 byte hay 30 byte tng ng v mt
xung ng b khung, thi gian ca mt khung l 125s )
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
ng b mngCc phng thc ng b mng SDHGii m byte trng thi ng b S1S1 c
dng chuyn thng tin v cht lng ca tn hiu ng b c trao i gia cc phn t
mng. Thm vo , gii m byte S1 gi i bi NE s gip nhanh chng xc nh c
ngun ng b cho NE .Khi NE c ng b trc tip t ngun PRC (Primary
Reference Clock), bn tin S1 c gii m l G.811. Ngha l: NE nhn c tn
hiu ng b t PRC theo khuyn ngh ITU-T G.811.Khi NE c ng b gin tip t
ngun PRC (Primary Reference Clock), bn tin S1 c gii m l G.812. Ngha
l: NE ang nhn tn hiu ng b t ng h t (slave) ca PRC theo khuyn ngh
ITU-T G.812.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
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ng b mngng b phn t SDHCh ng b ngoi: S dng ngun nh thi c lp vi cc
ngun ng h ni, hoc tch t thit b quang hoc t tn hiu nhnh thu c. Ngun
ng b ngoi thng l ngun ng h c chnh xc cao nh ng h Stratum.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
ng b mngCh b ng b ng truyn (line timimg)Tn hiu ng b c tch t tn
hiu quang thu c t mt hng v c dng ng b cho c hai tn hiu quang pht
trn c 2 hng v ton b tn hiu nhnh c kt cui bi ADM .
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
ng b mngng b vng (loop timing)Ch ny c dng cho cc NE u cui. y l
mt dng ca ng b ng truyn.Trong tn hiu ng h c s dng ng b tn hiu quang
pht cho hng ngc li v cc tn hiu nhnh ca thit b u cui.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
ng b mngCh ng b xuyn qua (Through Timing)L mt dng ca ng b ng b
ng truyn c p dng cho on lp. Trong tn hiu quang u vo c dng ng b tn
hiu quang pht cng hng. S ng b cc tn hiu truyn theo hng ngc li qua
trm lp l c lp. V vy mi hng cn c 1 ngun ng b.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
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ng b mngCh chy t do (Free run)L phng thc ng b bng cch s dng ng h
ni. ng h ni thng thuc loi Stratum 3.5 ( 20 ppm). ng h ni b ca thit
b cung cp tn hiu nh nhp cho cc tn hiu quang u ra v cc tn hiu
nhnh.Nhc im ca phng php ny l tri ca tn hiu ng h ni ln hn nhiu so vi
cc loi ng h khc trong mng.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
ng b mngCu trc mng ng bHai phmg php c bn ng b cc ng h node mng
l:ng b ch tng b tng h (thng dng cho mng mc li, ang nghin cu)Mt mng
ng h c bit c thit lp bo m tt c cc phn t trong mng vin thng c ng b
vi nhau.Mng c phn b theo hnh thc phn cp:PRC: l mt ngun ng h chun s
cp iu khin tt c cc ng h cho cc node mng (SSU) v cc phn t mng (SEC).
Cng cn phi quan tm n cc tn hiu cn ng b vo trong mng ng b.
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
ng b mng
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
ng b mngPRC: Primary Reference ClockSSU: Synchronous Supply
UnitSEC: SDH Equipment Clock
Chui di nht khi u t 1 PRC khng vt qu 10 SSU. Trong :S SEC gia 2
SSU 20Tng SEC 60PRC: l b dao ng Cesium c LORAN-C hay GPS h tr
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
ng b mng
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
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ng b mngPRC: l mt ng h ch cho mngMt trong nhng loi ng h PRC l ng
h Stratum 1(c cht lng cao nht trong mng) Stratum 1: L ng h chy t
do, khng s dng tn hiu tham chiu ng b. Thng Stratum 1 l ng h nguyn t
Cesium.Mt loi PRC khc l cc ng h da trn h thng nh v ton cu (GPS) v
cc ng h LORAN-C. Chng khng c xem l Strtum1 v chng c iu khin. Chng
dng b dao ng ni rubidium hay quartz c iu khin bng cc thng tin ng b
thu t GPS hay LOEAN-C ( )
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
-
ng b mng
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
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ng b mngV d: Stratum 4
chnh xc:
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --
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Go on!
Ghp knh PDH & SDH -- Chng 9- H thng truyn dn SDH --