1 of 74 Revision: 073114 Session HM 2.1.1 Chapter 3 Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards The Connecticut Fire Academy Recruit Firefighter Program Presentation Instructor Notes Slide 1 Hazardous Material Training Jones & Bartlett Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations Hazardous Materials N.F.P.A. 472 – 2013 Jones & Bartlett Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations Chapter 3 / Recognizing and Identifying the Hazards June 2011 Slide 2 Hazardous Material Training Jones & Bartlett Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations Chapter 3 Objectives • Describe occupancies that may contain Hazardous Materials. NFPA 4.2.1 (5) • Understand how to use senses to detect the presence of Hazardous Materials. • Describe specific container shapes/types that may indicate Hazardous Materials. • Describe shipping and storage tanks that could hold Hazardous Materials. • Describe apparatuses that can transport Hazardous Materials. • Identify product, owner, and emergency telephone number on a pipeline marker. Slide 3 Hazardous Material Training Jones & Bartlett Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations • Describe CHEMTREC and the National Response Center. • Describe how to identify criminal or terrorist activity involving chemical, biological, or radiological agents. • Describe how to identify an illicit laboratory, as well as explosive and secondary devices. • Describe how to identify a placard, label, and marking. • Describe the NFPA 704 hazard identification system. • Describe how to use the Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG). • Describe material safety data sheets (MSDS) and shipping papers. Chapter 3 Objectives Slide 4 Hazardous Material Training Jones & Bartlett Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations Intent Severity and Complexity Crime Scene Management Incident Command Secondary Devices Attacks and Armed Resistance NFPA 4.2.1(4) Differences between Hazardous Materials / WMD Incidents and other Emergencies. Recognizing Hazardous Materials / WMD Incidents
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1 of 74 Revision: 073114
Session HM 2.1.1
Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 1
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Hazardous MaterialsN.F.P.A. 472 – 2013
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Chapter 3 / Recognizing and Identifying the Hazards
June 2011
Slide 2
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Chapter 3
Objectives
• Describe occupancies that
may contain Hazardous
Materials. NFPA 4.2.1 (5)
• Understand how to use
senses to detect the
presence of Hazardous
Materials.
• Describe specific container
shapes/types that may
indicate Hazardous
Materials.
• Describe shipping and
storage tanks that could
hold Hazardous Materials.
• Describe apparatuses that
can transport Hazardous
Materials.
• Identify product, owner,
and emergency telephone
number on a pipeline
marker.
Slide 3
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
• Describe CHEMTREC
and the National
Response Center.
• Describe how to identify
criminal or terrorist
activity involving
chemical, biological, or
radiological agents.
• Describe how to identify
an illicit laboratory, as
well as explosive and
secondary devices.
• Describe how to identify a
placard, label, and
marking.
• Describe the NFPA 704
hazard identification
system.
• Describe how to use the
Emergency Response
Guidebook (ERG).
• Describe material safety
data sheets (MSDS) and
shipping papers.
Chapter 3
Objectives
Slide 4
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Intent
Severity and Complexity
Crime Scene Management
Incident Command
Secondary Devices
Attacks and Armed Resistance
NFPA 4.2.1(4)
Differences between Hazardous Materials / WMD
Incidents and other Emergencies.
RecognizingHazardous Materials / WMD Incidents
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Session HM 2.1.1
Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 5
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Potential for doing great harm effects are
far reaching and severe
Responders must be trained and equipped
Long term effects
People
Property
Environment
NFPA 4.2.1(4)
RecognizingHazardous Materials / WMD Incidents
4.2.1(4) continued
Potential for doing great harm since effects are far reaching and
severe.
Responders must be specifically trained and equipped to deal with
them properly.
Often have long term effects to the environment, people and
property.
Slide 6
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Differences between a
chemical and a biological incident.
NFPA 4.2.1(14)
RecognizingHazardous Materials / WMD Incidents
4.2.1(14) Describe the difference between a chemical and a
biological incident.
A.4.2.1(14) A chemical incident is characterized by a rapid onset
of medical symptoms (minutes to hours) and can have observed
signatures such as colored residue, dead foliage, pungent odor, and
dead insect and animal life. With biological incidents, the onset of
symptoms usually requires days to weeks, and there are typically no
characteristic signatures because biological agents are usually
odorless and colorless. The area affected can be greater due to the
migration of infected individuals because of the delayed onset of
symptoms. An infected person could transmit the disease to another
person.
Slide 7
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Weapons Depots
Flight Line
Hospitals
Maintenance
Facilities
Warehouses
Laboratories
Tank Farms
Truck Terminals
NFPA 4.2.1(5)
Typical occupancies and locations in the
community where hazardous materials / WMD
are manufactured, transported, stored, used,
or disposed of.
RecognizingHazardous Materials / WMD Incidents
4.2.1(5) continued
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 8
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Sight Corrosive Actions
Chemical Reactions
Pooling Liquids
Condensation Lines
on Pressure Tanks
Injured Victims or
Casualties
Fire or Vapor Cloud
Sound Hissing of Pressure
Release
Pinging of Heated
Metal
Odor Gas Leaks
Fire or Vapor Cloud
NFPA 4.2.1(11)
RecognizingHazardous Materials / WMD Incidents
4.2.1(11) Clues of Hazardous Materials using the following senses;
• Sight
• Visible corrosive actions
• Chemical reactions
• Pooling liquids
• Condensation lines on pressure tanks
• Injured victims or casualties
• Fire or vapor cloud
• Sound - hissing of pressure releases
• Odor
• Gas leaks
• Fire or vapor cloud
Slide 9
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Limitations of using the senses in determining
the presence or absence of Hazardous
Materials / WMD.
Sight – Injury (too close)
Smell – Injury / Death
Touch – Injury / Death
Taste – Injury / Death
NFPA 4.2.1(12)
RecognizingHazardous Materials / WMD Incidents
4.2.1(12) Describe the limitations of using the senses in
determining the presence or absence of hazardous
materials/WMD.
Can’t Teach “Common Sense”
Close enough to see - risk of injury
Close enough to smell - risk of injury
Touching may cause injury
Taste - not recommended, may taste good – Heavenly Good
Caution must be used at all times
Some materials de-sensitize or deaden the senses and personnel
would not be aware of danger
Slide 10
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Use your SENSES wisely
Initially, Stay a Distance Away from
the IncidentLOOK
LISTEN
DO NOT “lead with your NOSE”
NFPA 4.2.1(12)
RecognizingHazardous Materials / WMD Incidents
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 11
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Targets Hazards for Criminal or Terrorist
activity using Hazardous Materials / WMD.
NFPA 4.2.1(13)
Locations: (But not limited to)
Public Assembly Areas
Public Buildings
Mass Transit Systems
Places with High Economic Impact
Telecommunications Facilities
Places of Historical or Symbolic Significance
Military Installations
Airports
Industrial Facilities
RecognizingHazardous Materials / WMD Incidents
4.2.1(13) Identify at least four types of locations that could be
targets for criminal or terrorist activity using hazardous
materials/WMD.
Slide 12
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Identify typical container shapes that
can indicate hazardous materials.
NFPA 4.2.1(6)
IdentificationContainers
4.2.1(6) Identify typical container shapes that can indicate the
presence of hazardous materials/WMD.
Slide 13
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Bulk vs. Non-Bulk
BulkPackaging, other than a Vessel or
barge, in which materials are loaded
with no intermediate form of
containment;Greater than 119 Gals. LiquidGreater that 882 pounds or 119 galsfor a solidGreater than 1,001 pounds –Compressed Gas Water Capacity
Non- BulkPackaging that is smaller
than the minimum
criteria established for
bulk packaging;Less than the amounts asidentified for Bulk
Drums, Boxes, Carboysand Bags are examples
NFPA 4.2.1(6)
IdentificationContainers
4.2.1(6) Identify typical container shapes that can indicate the
presence of hazardous materials/WMD.
Students need to understand the difference between Bulk and Non-
Bulk Packaging
Bulk
Packaging, other than a Vessel or barge, in which materials are
loaded with no
intermediate form of containment;
• Greater than 119 Gals. Liquid
• Greater that 882 pounds or 119 gals for a solid
• Greater than 1,001 pounds for Compressed Gas Water Capacity
Non- Bulk
Packaging that is smaller than the minimum criteria established for
bulk packaging;
Less than the amounts as identified for Bulk:
Less than 119 Gals. / 882 or Less Solids / 1001 Compressed Gas
Water or Less
• Drums, Boxes, Carboys and Bags are examples
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Session HM 2.1.1
Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 14
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Determinations for Bulk and Non-bulk Shipping Containers
Liquid
Gas
Solids
WMD
General Shapes of Containers
NFPA 5.2.1.1
IdentificationContainers
5.2.1.1* Given three examples each of liquid, gas, and solid
hazardous material or
WMD, including various hazard classes, operations level personnel
shall identify the general shapes of containers in which the
hazardous materials/WMD are typically found.
A.5.2.1.1 Examples should include all containers, including non-
bulk packaging, bulk packaging, vessels, and facility containers
such as piping, open piles, reactors, and storage bins.
Review from “Awareness Level” Refer to DOT Chart “Haz Mat
Markings” etc.
Students need to understand the difference between Bulk and Non-
Bulk Packaging
Bulk
Packaging, other than a Vessel or barge, in which materials are
loaded with no
intermediate form of containment;
• Greater than 119 Gals. Liquid
• Greater that 882 pounds or 119 gals for a solid
• Greater than 1,001 pounds for Gas
Non- Bulk
Packaging that is smaller than the minimum criteria established for
bulk packaging;
• Drums, Boxes, Carboys and Bags are examples
Slide 15
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
NFPA 5.2.1.1
General Shapes of Containers
IdentificationContainers
5.2.1.1* Given three examples each of liquid, gas, and solid
hazardous material
or WMD, including various hazard classes, operations level
personnel shall identify the general shapes of containers in which
the hazardous materials/WMD are typically found.
A.5.2.1.1 Examples should include all containers, including non-
bulk packaging,
bulk packaging, vessels, and facility containers such as piping,
open piles, reactors, and storage bins.
Personnel need to understand that the shape and type of container
will depend on the state of matter that the material is in., ie. Liquids
require closed containers like drums, carboys, Gases require
pressure cylinders
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Session HM 2.1.1
Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 16
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Bulk Transportation
Tank / Rail CarsNon-Pressure Tank Cars
Pressure Tank Cars
Cryogenic Liquid Tank Cars
Hopper Cars
Box Cars
Special Service Cars
NFPA 4.2.1(6)
IdentificationContainers
4.2.1(6) continued
Bulk Transportation
Tank / Rail Cars
• Non-Pressure Tank Cars
• Pressure Tank Cars
• Cryogenic Liquid Tank Cars
• Hopper Cars
• Box Cars
• Special Service Cars
Slide 17
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Non-Pressure Tank Cars (old)
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
Non-Pressurized (general service) Tank Car:
With Expansion Dome (Older Cars)
Slide 18
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Non-Pressure Tank Cars
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
Non-Pressurized (general service) Tank Car:
Without Expansion Dome
Slide 19
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
TANK HEADHANDBRAKE
WHEEL
COUPLER
PLACARD
HOLDER
SAFETY VALVE
MANWAYFITTINGS
HOUSING
SAFETY
PLATFORM
BOTTOM FITTINGSTRUCK
ASSEMBLY
AIR BRAKE HOSE
SAFETY RAIL
“A” END
“B” END
(B FOR BRAKE)
TANK SHELL
UTLX 00000
REPORTING MARKS
CAR NUMBER
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
Non-Pressurized (general service) Tank Car:
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 20
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
Example Non-Pressurized (general service) Tank Car:
Slide 21
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
Example Non-Pressurized (general service) Tank Car:
Slide 22
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Pressure Tank Cars
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
Pressurized Tank Car:
Slide 23
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
Example Pressurized Tank Car:
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Session HM 2.1.1
Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 24
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
Example Pressurized Tank Car:
Slide 25
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
High Pressure Tube Cars
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
5.2.1.1.1 High-Pressure Tube Car (not required in standard)
● Carries gases such as oxygen, helium, hydrogen, nitrogen in
high-pressure cylinders.
• Flammable/nonflammable gases
• Poison gases
• Pressures range from 3,500 to 5,000 psig
• Capacities will vary for the material that is transported.
Slide 26
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
Example High-Pressure Tube Car
Slide 27
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Cryogenic Liquid Tank Cars
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
5.2.1.1.1(1) Cryogenic Liquid Tank Car
• Typically contains gases liquefied by refrigeration, such as liquid
hydrogen and nitrogen.
• Pressure within tank is low (25psi); temperature is -130 degrees
Fo or below.
• Tank is generally double walled and insulated.
• Test pressures from 60 to 175 psi.
• Valves and fittings are enclosed in a cabinet at the lower side or
end of the car.
• Includes car classes DOT113, AAR204W, AAR204XT.
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 28
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Terms
IdentificationContainers
Example Cryogenic Car
Example Cryogenic Car – Protected inside Box Car
Slide 29
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
Example Cryogenic Car
Note Compressor Boxes, Left side top photo, Rear of Bottom photo
Slide 30
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
Example Cryogenic Car
Note Compressor Boxes,
Left side; top photo – Unprotected Car
Left side; Bottom photo – Close up of “Dog House” and support
strut
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Session HM 2.1.1
Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 31
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Pneumatically Unloaded
Hopper Cars
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
5.2.1.1.1 Hopper Car (not required in standard)
● Typically contains dry bulk chemicals such as calcium carbide,
sodium chlorate, ammonium nitrate, lime, other dry chemicals;
also sand, gravel, fertilizers, plastic pellets.
● Hopper cars may be covered or open top.
• Bulk solids
• Hazardous and non-hazardous materials, Sodium
hydroxide, soda ash, polyvinyl chloride pellets, and grain.
• Pressures range from 20 to 80 psig
• Capacities will vary for the material that is transported.
Slide 32
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Pneumatically Unloaded
Hopper Cars
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
Example Hopper Car
Slide 33
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Box Car
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
5.2.1.1.1 Box Car (not required in standard)
● Typically contains mixed cargo, which may be packed in bags,
boxes, drums,
tanks, cylinders, liquid bladders, or other containers.
● Check Labels and tags on individual containers to identify their
contents.
● Car class AAR204XT is a box car carrying a cryogenic tank.
Slide 34
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Box Cars
NFPA 4.2.1(6)
IdentificationContainers
4.2.1(6) continued
Box Car
Large Containers, some closed sided, some with open slats
Any assortment of materials may be carried
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 35
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Cryogenic Liquid Tank Cars
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
5.2.1.1.1(1) Cryogenic Liquid Tank Car
• Typically contains gases liquefied by refrigeration, such as liquid
hydrogen and nitrogen.
• Pressure within tank is low (25psi); temperature is -130 degrees
Fo or below.
• Tank is generally double walled and insulated.
• Test pressures from 60 to 175 psi.
• Valves and fittings are enclosed in a cabinet at the lower side or
end of the car.
• Includes car classes DOT113, AAR204W, AAR204XT.
Slide 36
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
Example Cryogenic Car
Slide 37
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
Example Cryogenic Car
Note Compressor Boxes, Left side top photo, Rear of Bottom photo
Slide 38
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
NFPA 5.2.1.1.1
IdentificationContainers
Example Cryogenic Car
Note Compressor Boxes,
Left side; top photo – Unprotected Car
Left side; Bottom photo – Close up of “Dog House” and support
strut
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Session HM 2.1.1
Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 39
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
1) Non-pressure Intermodal Tank
2) Pressure Intermodal Tank
3) Specialized Intermodal Tank
a) Cryogenic Intermodal Tank
b) Tube Intermodal Modules
Intermodal Tank Containers
NFPA 5.2.1.1.2
IdentificationContainers
5.2.1.1.2
(1) Non-pressure intermodal tanks
• Pressure intermodal tanks
• Specialized intermodal tanks, including the following:
N=0. Therefore, if 6767-EGN were registered, it would become
EPA Registration Number 6767-230. “6767” is the number
identifying the company holding the registration and “230” is
the number identifying that specific product. EPA has no
Required location for companies to place their registration number
on the label, but it is usually found
On the front or back panel of the product label, and near the
company's name and address.
EPA Registration Number:
The establishment number indicates the final establishment at
which the product was produced. A facility that produces
pesticides must have a company number before an EPA
establishment number is assigned. This number is often
grouped together with the EPA registration number, but that is
not a requirement. State abbreviations, such as FL, MS, or NC,
will appear after the company number. The example shown in
Figure 1 contains “MO,” indicating that the product was
manufactured in Missouri.
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 119
Hazardous Material Training
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Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Pesticide Label•Active Ingredient
•Each ingredient identified by name and %
•Inert ingredients may also be listed, but only by %
•Hazard Statement•Product poses an environment hazard
•Advises against contaminating water supplies
•Name of Pesticide•Manufacture’s name for the pesticide
•Precautionary Statement
•“Keep Out of Reach of Children”
•“Restricted Use Pesticide”
•“Hazard to Humans / Domestic Animals”
•Signal Word•Indicates relative hazard of product
•Category 1: Poison Danger – (always together)
•Category 2: Warning – will make you sick
•Category 3: Caution – might make you sick
Categories found in NFPA Fire & Hazardous Materials HandbooksNFPA 5.2.1.3.2
5.2.1.3.2 Given a pesticide label, the operations level responder
shall identify each of the
following pieces of information, then match the piece of
information to its significance in
surveying hazardous materials incidents:
• Active ingredient
• Hazard statement
• Name of pesticide
• Pest control product (PCP) number (in Canada)
• EPA Registration Number in the United States
• Precautionary statement
• Signal word
Classified according to their primary or specific control purpose;
Insecticides; a chemical that kills bugs
Fungicides; an agent that destroys fungi or inhibits their growth
Herbicides; an agent used to destroy or inhibit plant growth
Nematocides; a substance or preparation used to destroy
nematodes.
Nematode: any of a phylum (Nematoda or Nemata) of
elongated cylindrical worms
parasitic in animals or plants or free-living in soil or water –
called also roundworm
Rodenticides; an agent that kills, repels, or controls rodents
Skill Sheet: 5.2.1.3.2
Active Ingredient
• Active ingredients ‑ MUST be listed by chemical name and
percentage
• Inert ingredients‑ usually are not named but shown only as
percentage
Hazard Statement
• Physical and chemical hazards
• On side panel
• Lists any special flammability, explosion, or chemical hazards
Name of Pesticide
• Complete product name
• Correct spelling
• Ensures positive identification
Precautionary statement
• "Keep Out of Reach of Children“
• "Restricted Use Pesticide“
• “Hazard to Humans / Domestic Animals”
Signal word – Indicates relative hazard of product
• Category 1: Poison/Danger – (always together)
• Category 2: Warning – will make you sick
• Category 3: Caution – might make you sick
Categories found in NFPA Fire (table 8.11.2) & Hazardous
Materials
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Handbooks (table I.5.2 EPA Toxicity)
Slide 120
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
5.2.1.3.2 Pesticide continued
Example of Pesticide label with information required
Slide 121
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Radioactive Material
Category of LabelFissile Classes
Contents
Activity
Transport Index
Criticality Safety Index
NFPA 5.2.1.3.3
Determination for Label of
Categories based on
measurements taken at “1
Meter” from the surface of
the package
Known as 1 Meter Rule
5.2.1.3.3 Given a label for a radioactive material, the operations
level responder shall identify the type or category of label,
contents, activity, transport index, and criticality safety index as
applicable.
Label: Identified by red bars for I, II or III to identify category
Contents: Space for what the material is in the package
Activity: The radioactivity level of the contents in the package
Transport Index: On Category II and III
Criticality Safety Index: • Assist the shipper determine how many fissile packages can be
grouped together
• Criticality Safety Index (CSI) means the dimensionless number
(rounded up to the
next tenth) assigned to and placed on the label of a fissile
material package, to
designate the degree of control of accumulation of packages
containing fissile
material during transportation.
Labels for radioactive material are the only ones which require the
shipper to write some information on the label. The
information is a number called the transportation Index (TI)
which is the highest radiation level at 1 meter from the surface of
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
the package
The three labels are commonly called; White 1, Yellow 2 and
Yellow 3, referring to the color of the label and the roman
numeral prominently displayed. A specific label is required if
the
surface radiation limit and the limit at 1 meter satisfy the following
requirements:
Label Surface Radiation Level Radiation Level at 1 meter
White 1 Does not exceed 0.5 millirem/hour Not Applicable
Yellow 2 Does not exceed 50 millirems/hour and Does not exceed 1
millirem/hour
Yellow 3 Exceeds 50 millirems/hour or Exceeds 1 millirem/hour
Slide 122
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
NFPA 5.2.1.3.3
5.2.1.3.3 Radioactive Materials Continued
Labels break down Radioactive into three categories
• Radioactive White-I
• Almost no radiation
• 0.5 mR/hr maximum on surface
• No use of “Transport Index”
• Radioactive Yellow-II
• Low radiation levels
• 50 mR/hr maximum on surface
• 1 mR/hr maximum at one meter
• Transport Index Required
• Radioactive Yellow-III
• Higher radiation levels
• 200 mR/hr maximum on surface
• 10 mR/hr maximum at one meter
• Also required for fissile class-III or large quantity
shipments, regardless
of radiation level
• Transport Index Required
Slide 123
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
The DOT has classified
Hazardous Materials according to their
Primary Danger (Worst)
and assigned standardized
UN Hazard Class Numbers
And
Symbols
to identify the classes.
NFPA 4.2.1(2)
IdentificationUN / DOT Hazard Classes and Divisions
4.2.1(2)
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 124
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
1 - Every Explosives
2 - Good Gases
3 - Fire Flammable Liquids
4 - Fighter Flammable Solids
5 - Often Oxidizers
6 - Performs Poisons
7 - Routine Radioactive
8 - Care and Corrosive
9 - Maintenance Miscellaneous
NFPA 4.2.1(2)
IdentificationUN / DOT Hazard Classes and Divisions
Classification Numbers
4.2.1(2)
Mnemonic to help remember the UN classes
Slide 125
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Bursting Ball or Numerical (beginning with 1)
Cylinder
Open Flame
Flaming “O”
Skull and Crossbones
Biological Rings
Trefoil (propeller)
Test Tubes dripping on Hand, Steel Bar
NFPA 4.2.1(2)
IdentificationUN / DOT Hazard Classes and Divisions
Symbols
4.2.1(2)
Symbols used to Identify Classes on Placards
Slide 126
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Materials are grouped by their major
hazardous characteristic and many
materials will have other hazards as well.
Example:
A material may be poisonous,
corrosive, and flammable but will only be
grouped with whichever is considered the
WORST hazard and identified by the
UN Number
NFPA 4.2.1(2)
IdentificationUN / DOT Hazard Classes and Divisions
4.2.1(2)
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 127
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Analyze the IncidentDetecting the Presence of Hazardous Materials / WMD
Transportation Markings
NFPA 704
Special hazard
communication
markings for each
hazard class
Pipeline Marking
Container Markings
Military Markings
Identify facility and transportation
markings and colors that indicate
hazardous materials.
NFPA 4.2.1(7)
4.2.1(7) Identify facility and transportation markings and colors
that indicate
hazardous materials/WMD, including the following:
• Transportation markings, including UN/NA identification
number marks, marine pollutant mark, elevated temperature
(HOT) mark, commodity marking, and inhalation hazard mark
• NFPA 704, Standard System for the Identification of the
Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response, markings
• Military hazardous materials/WMD markings
• Special hazard communication markings for each hazard class
• Pipeline markings
• Container markings
Slide 128
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Analyze the IncidentDetecting the Presence of Hazardous Materials / WMD
Transportation Markings (placards)
United Nations Class numbers
• bottom of placard
Four digit ID numbers• on placard
• orange panel
Symbols and colors
Name of material
NFPA 4.2.1(7)(a)
4.2.1(7)(a) Transportation markings, including UN/NA
identification number
marks, marine pollutant mark, elevated temperature (HOT) mark,
commodity
marking, and inhalation hazard mark
• Transportation Markings
• United Nations class numbers (bottom of placard)
• Four digit identification numbers on placard or orange
panel
• Marine pollution mark
• Elevated temperature (HOT) mark
• Name of the material
• Inhalation hazard mark
• Symbols and colors
Slide 129
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Analyze the IncidentDetecting the Presence of Hazardous Materials / WMD
Transportation
markings (placards)
Marine Pollution
marking
Elevated Material
marking (HOT)
Inhalation marking
NFPA 4.2.1(7)(a)
4.2.1(7)(a)
• Transportation Markings
• United Nations class numbers (bottom of placard)
• Four digit identification numbers on placard or orange
panel
• Marine pollution mark
• Elevated temperature (HOT) mark
• Name of the material
• Inhalation hazard mark
• Symbols and colors
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 130
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Materials that present a mass
detonation hazard
Military Hazardous Materials Markings
NFPA 4.2.1(7)(c)
Materials that present an
explosion with fragmentation
hazard
Materials with a mass fire
hazard
Materials that present a
moderate fire hazard
IdentificationMilitary Markings
Class 1, Division 1 Class 1, Division 2
Class 1, Division 3 Class 1, Division 4
EXPLOSIVES
4.2.1(7)(c) Military hazardous materials/WMD markings A.4.2.1(7)(c) The responder should understand the standard
military fire hazard
and chemical hazard markings.
4.2.1(7)(c) Explosives
Class 1, Division 1 Materials that present a mass detonation hazard.
Note: “STOP” sign design
Class 1, Division 2 Materials that present an explosion with fragmentation hazard.
Note: Design looks like pieces (fragments) flying in all directions
Class 1, Division 3 Materials with a mass fire hazard
Note: Design shaped like “Fire Triangle”
Class 1, Division 4 Materials that present a moderate fire hazard.
Note: Design is normal “Diamond” shape like civilian “Placards”
Slide 131
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Military Hazardous Materials Markings
Highly Toxic Harassing Agents White Phosphorus
Munitions
NFPA 4.2.1(7)(c)
Apply No Water Wear Protective Breathing
Apparatus
Chemical Hazards
Special Warnings
IdentificationMilitary Markings
4.2.1(7)(c) Chemical Hazards
• Highly Toxic
• Harassing Agents
• White Phosphorus Munitions
Slide 132
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Mustard AgentNerve Agent VX Nerve Agent
NFPA 4.2.1(7)(c)
Military Hazardous Materials Markings
IdentificationMilitary Markings
Special Warnings
4.2.1(7)(c) Special Warnings
• Nerve Agent – G means of German origin
• VX Nerve Agent – VX indicating V like Venom, X Like
Poison
• H for Mustard – German word “Heiß” meaning Hot
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 133
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
NFPA 4.2.1(7)(d)
IdentificationSpecial Hazard Markings
Special Hazard Communication Markings
4.2.1(7)(d) Special hazard communication markings for each
hazard class
• PCB Labels, still found in electrical transformers
• HMIS Marking System, many variations for marking system
Slide 134
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Markings on a container will provide
some indication as to the type of product.
Container Markings
NFPA 4.2.1(7)(f)
IdentificationSpecial Hazard Markings
Special Hazard Communication Markings
4.2.1(7)(f) Container markings
Examples but not limited to. Simple signs or words would indicate Hazardous Materials –
Examples below
• Bio Hazard Sign
• Gasoline, known flammable liquid
• “Danger” with Skull and Crossbones & Corrosive sign,
whatever it is, it’s BAD
• “Trefoil” indicates Radioactive Material or warning
Slide 135
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and OperationsNFPA 4.2.1(7)(b)
N.F.P.A. 704
IdentificationNFPA 704
4.2.1(7)(b) NFPA 704, Standard System for the Identification of
the Hazards
of Materials for Emergency Response, markings
Will be gone over in more depth in following slides
Blue – Health
Red – Flammability
Yellow – Reactivity
White – Special Warnings
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 136
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Blue = Health
Red = Flammability
Yellow = Reactivity
White = Special
NFPA 4.2.1(8)
IdentificationNFPA 704
N.F.P.A. 704
NFPA 704, Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards
of Materials for Emergency Response, markings 4.2.1(8) Given an NFPA 704 marking, describe the significance of
the colors, numbers, and special symbols.
• NFPA 704 – Suggested method for the identification of
hazardous materials.
• Scale of 0‑4, 4 being the worst possible hazard
• Used for facilities only if mandated by local ordinances
• Colors and their meanings
• Health: (Blue)
• Flammability: (Red)
• Reactivity: (Yellow)
• Special: (White) ‑ Special Information
• Oxidizer (oxidizing ability)
• Avoid use of water
Slide 137
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
IdentificationNFPA 704
NFPA 4.2.1(8)
4.2.1(8) NFPA 704 – Explanation Guide – Example
Commonly found on dash in cabs of First Responder Vehicles
Slide 138
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
IdentificationNFPA 704
NFPA 4.2.1(8)
4.2.1(8) NFPA 704 – Explanation Guide – Example
Commonly found on dash in cabs of First Responder Vehicles
Slide 139
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
Identify U.S. and Canadian placards
and labels that indicate hazardous
materials / WMD
Identified in Annex J of the NFPA 472 - 2008
NFPA 4.2.1(9)
IdentificationPlacards & Labels
4.2.1(9) Identify U.S. and Canadian placards and labels that
indicate hazardous materials/WMD.
J.1 – General The definitions of UN/DOT hazard classes and
divisions
(49CFR 170-180) are as follows.
Note: Long session; Individual Placards and explanations ahead
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 140
Hazardous Material Training
Jones & Bartlett
Hazardous Materials Awareness and Operations
• Major Hazard: Explosion– Any substance or article, including a device, that is
designed to function by explosion (i.e...... an extremely rapid release of gas and heat) or that, by chemical reaction with itself, is able to function by explosion.
that contain oxygen (O) in the bivalent -O-O- structure that can
be considered a derivative of hydrogen peroxide, where one or
more of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by organic
radicals.
Examples of Division 5.2 materials include Dibenzoyl peroxide,
methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and peroxyacetic acid.
Division 5.2 (organic peroxide) materials are assigned to one of the
following seven types: Type A – organic peroxides that can detonate or deflagrate rapidly as
packaged for transport.
Transportation of Type A organic peroxides is forbidden.
Type B – organic peroxides that neither detonate nor deflagrate rapidly but
that can undergo a thermal explosion.
Type C – organic peroxides that neither detonate nor deflagrate rapidly
and that cannot undergo a thermal explosion.
Type D – organic peroxides that detonate only partially or deflagrate
slowly, with medium to no effect when heated under confinement.
Type E – organic peroxide that neither detonate nor deflagrate and that
show low or no effect when heated under confinement.
Type F – organic peroxides that will not detonate, do not deflagrate, show
only a low or no effect if heated when confined, and have low or no
explosive power.
Type G – organic peroxides that will not detonate, do not deflagrate, show
no effect if heated when confined, have no explosive power, are
thermally stable, and are desensitized
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 160
Major Hazard:
Toxicity, Infectious
Divided into 2 divisions
Class 6: Poisonous Materials
NFPA 4.2.1(9)
Division 6.1 & 6.2
White Background
Black Skull & Crossbones
“Poison” (6.1)
“Infectious Substance” (6.2)
4 Digit Number
Poisonous & Infectious Placards
IdentificationPlacards & Labels
4.2.1(9) U.S. and Canadian placards and labels
J.7 Class 6 – Poisonous Materials
• Major Hazards: Toxicity, infectious
Placard – Poisonous & Infectious
White background, skull & crossbones
Slide 161 Poisonous Materials 6.1
A material, other than a gas, that is either known to be so toxic to humans as to afford a hazard to health during transportation, or in the absence of adequate data on human toxicity, is presumed to be toxic to humans, including irritating materials that cause irritation.
Examples: Aniline, Arsenic Compounds, Carbon Tetrachloride, hydrocyanic acid, Tear Gas
NFPA 4.2.1(9)
A viable microorganism, or its toxin, that causes disease in humans or animals.
Infectious substance and etiologic agents are synonymous.
Hazard Zone A: LC-50 <200 ppm
Hazard Zone B: LC-50 200ppm - 1000 ppm
Examples: Anthrax, botulism, rabies, tetanus and polio virus
Infectious Substances 6.2 (labels Only)
IdentificationPlacards & Labels
4.2.1(9) U.S. and Canadian placards and labels
J.7.1 – Poisonous Materials; Division 6.1. Division 6.1 (poisonous materials) comprises materials other than
gases that either are known to be so toxic to humans as to
afford a hazard to health during transportation or in the absence
of adequate data on human toxicity are presumed to be toxic to
humans, including materials that cause irritation.
Examples of Division 6.1 materials include aniline, arsenic
compounds, carbon tetrachloride, hydrocyanic acid, and tear
gas.
J.7.2 – Infectious Substances; (labels Only) Division 6.2. Division 6.2 (infectious substances) comprises materials known to
contain or suspected of containing a pathogen. A pathogen is a
micro-organism (including viruses, plasmids, and other genetic
elements) or a proteinaceous infectious particle (prion) that has
the potential to cause disease in humans or animals. The terms
infectious substance and etiologic agent are synonymous.
Examples of Division 6.2 materials include anthrax, botulism,
rabies, and tetanus.
Hazard zones associated with Class 6 materials are as follows:
• Hazard zone A — LC50 less than or equal to 200 ppm
• Hazard zone B — LC50 greater than 200 ppm and less than or
equal to 1000 ppm
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 162
Major Hazard: Radioactive poisonous burns
Definition: Materials having a specific activity greater than
0.002 microcurie per gram.
Divided into 3 Divisions
Examples: Cobalt, uranium, hexafluoride,
yellow cake
Class 7: Radioactive Materials
NFPA 4.2.1(9)
IdentificationPlacards & Labels
4.2.1(9) U.S. and Canadian placards and labels
J.8 Class 7 – Radioactive Materials. Radioactive material is any material containing radionuclides where
both the activity concentration and the total activity in the
consignment exceed specified values.
Examples of Class 7 materials include cobalt, uranium
hexafluoride, and “yellow cake.”
Slide 163
Division 7 White / Yellow Split Background Black Trefoil or Magenta Trefoil “Radioactive” (7)
Class 7: Radioactive Materials Placards
NFPA 4.2.1(9)
Class 7: Radioactive Materials Labels Division 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 Labels
White / White (7.1) White / Yellow Split 7.2 & 7.3
Black Trefoil
“Radioactive” with Roman Numeral I, II, III
Low Level Medium Level Highest Level
IdentificationPlacards & Labels
4.2.1(9) U.S. and Canadian placards and labels
Placards – Radioactive
Yellow top, white bottom, black or magenta “propeller” called
Trefoil
Labels – Radioactive – Three (3) categories
• Radioactive White-I
Almost no radiation
0.5 mR/hr maximum on surface
No use of “Transport Index”
• Radioactive Yellow-II
Low radiation levels
50 mR/hr maximum on surface
1 mR/hr maximum at one meter
Transport Index Required
• Radioactive Yellow-III
Higher radiation levels
200 mR/hr maximum on surface
10 mR/hr maximum at one meter
Also required for fissile class-III or large quantity
shipments,
regardless of radiation level
Transport Index Required
Instructor Note: Emphasize these are Labels Only
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 164
Major Hazard:Burns / Emulsification skin damage.
Definition: A liquid or solid that cause full thickness destruction of skin at the site of contact, or a liquid that has a severe corrosion rate on steel or aluminum.
Examples: Nitric acid, phosphorus trichloride,
sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid
Class 8: Corrosive Materials
NFPA 4.2.1(9)
IdentificationPlacards & Labels
Class 8: Corrosive Materials Placards / Label
Division 8 Placard / Label
Black / White Split Background
Black Steel bar / Hand damaged
“Corrosive” or
4 Digit Number
4.2.1(9) U.S. and Canadian placards and labels
J.9 Class 8 — Corrosive Materials. Corrosive materials are liquids or solids that cause full-thickness
destruction of skin at the site of contact within a specified period of
time. A liquid that has a severe corrosion rate on steel or aluminum
is also a corrosive material.
Examples of Class 8 materials include nitric acid, phosphorus
trichloride, sodium hydroxide, and sulfuric acid.
Placard – Corrosive
White Top, black bottom, two test tubes pouring liquid,
hand and steel bar with damage to surface
Slide 165
Definition: A material that presents a hazard during transport, but that do not meet
the definition of any other hazard class
Examples: Adipic acid, PCBs, molten sulfur
Class 9: Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials
NFPA 4.2.1(9)
IdentificationPlacards & Labels
Class 9: Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials Placard / Label
Division 9 Placard / Label
Black / White Split Background
Black / White Bars Top Half
White Bottom Half
“Blank” or
4 digit Number
4.2.1(9) U.S. and Canadian placards and labels
J.10 Class 9 – Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials. Miscellaneous hazardous materials are materials that present a
hazard during transport but that do not meet the definition of
any other hazard class.
Miscellaneous hazardous materials, include the following:
• Any material that has an anesthetic, noxious, or other similar
property that could cause extreme annoyance or discomfort to a
flight crew member so as to prevent the correct
performance of assigned duties
• Any material that is not included in any other hazard class but
that is subject to DOT requirements (e.g. elevated-temperature
Black and white vertical stripes on top, white bottom
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 166 Dangerous Placard
May be placarded as “Dangerous” if 2 or
more categories of items that require
different placards from Table 2 are being
shipped on the same container.
If more than 2,205 lbs of one category of
material is loaded at one loading facility,
the placard from Table 2 must apply
NFPA 4.2.1(9)
IdentificationPlacards & Labels
4.2.1(9) U.S. and Canadian placards and labels
Dangerous Placard
Taken from the DOT CHART for Hazardous Materials Marking,
Labeling and
Placarding Guide
A freight container, unit load device, transport vehicle or rail car
which contains non-bulk packages with two or more categories of
hazardous materials that require different placards specified in
Table 2 may be placarded with “DANGEROUS” placards instead
of the specific placards required for each of the materials in Table
2.
However, when 1,000 kg (2,205 lbs) or more of one category of
materials is loaded at one loading facility, the placard specified in
Table 2 must be applied.
Slide 167
Definition: Materials that presents a limited hazard during transportation due to
their: Form Quantity Packaging
No Placards (labels only)
Examples: Consumer commodities, small arms ammunition
ORM-D Materials
NFPA 4.2.1(9)
Other Regulated Materials - Domestic
Forbidden Definition: Materials prohibited from being offered or accepted for transportation.
Does not apply if the materials are diluted, stabilized, or incorporated in devices. There is no placard for these items since they aren't transported.
Examples: Class 5.2 Type A materials
IdentificationPlacards & Labels
4.2.1(9) U.S. and Canadian placards and labels
J.11 ORM-D Material.
Other Regulated Materials – Domestic
ORM-D materials are materials that present a limited hazard during
transportation due to their form, quantity, and packaging.
Examples of ORM-D materials include consumer commodities and
small arms ammunition.
J.12 Forbidden. Forbidden means prohibited from being offered or accepted for
transportation.
Prohibition does not apply if these materials are diluted, stabilized,
or incorporated into devices.
Division 5.2 Generic Types
49CFR 173.128(b)
Division 5.2 organic peroxides are assigned to a generic system
which consists of seven types. An organic peroxide identified by
technical name in the Organic
Peroxides Table in 49CFR 173.225 is assigned to a generic type in
accordance with that Table. Organic peroxides not identified in the
Organic Peroxides Table are assigned to generic types under the
procedures of paragraph (c) of this section.
Type A. Organic peroxide type A is an organic peroxide which can
detonate or deflagrate rapidly as packaged for transport.
Transportation of type A organic peroxides is forbidden.
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 168 Elevated – Temperature Material
Definition: Materials that, when offered for transportation in a bulk
packaging, meets one of the following conditions:
Liquid at or above 212ºF (100ºC) Liquid with a flash point at or above 100ºF (37º8C)
that are intentionally heated and transported at or above its flash point.
Solid at or above 464ºF (240ºC)
NFPA 4.2.1(9)
IdentificationPlacards & Labels
4.2.1(9) U.S. and Canadian placards and labels
J.14 Elevated – Temperature Material. Elevated temperature materials are materials that, when offered for
transportation
in a bulk packaging, meet one of the following conditions:
• Are liquid at or above 212°F (100°C)
• Are liquid with a flash point at or above 100°F (37.8°C) and are
intentionally
heated and transported at or above their flash point
• Are solid at or above 464°F (240°C)
J.14 Elevated – Temperature Material. Elevated temperature materials are materials that, when offered for
transportation
in a bulk packaging, meet one of the following conditions:
Examples of :
“HOT” Placard
“HOT” Placard with Identification Number
Slide 169
Category of Material Placard Name
1.1 Explosives 1.1
1.2 Explosives 1.2
1.3 Explosives 1.3
2.3 Poison Gas
4.3 Dangerous When Wet
5.2 Type B, Liquid or Solid, temperature controlled Organic Peroxide
6.1 Materials “Poisonous by Inhalation” Only Poison Inhalation Hazard
7 Radioactive Yellow III label Only Radioactive
Placarding Table 1Placard Any Quantity
See DOT Chart: Hazardous Materials Marking, Labeling, Placarding
NFPA 4.2.1(9)
IdentificationPlacards & Labels
4.2.1(9) U.S. and Canadian placards and labels
Table 1 from DOT CHART for Hazardous Materials Marking,
Labeling and
Placarding Guide
Slide 170
Category of Material Placard Name
1.4 Explosives 1.4
1.5 Explosives 1.5
1.6 Explosives 1.6
2.1 Flammable Gas
2.2 Non-Flammable Gas
3 Flammable
Combustible Liquid Combustible
4.1 Flammable Solid
4.2 Spontaneously Combustible
Placarding Table 2Placard 1,001 Pounds (lbs.) or more
See DOT Chart: Hazardous Materials Marking, Labeling, Placarding
NFPA 4.2.1(9)
IdentificationPlacards & Labels
4.2.1(9) U.S. and Canadian placards and labels
Table 2 from DOT CHART for Hazardous Materials Marking,
Labeling and
Placarding Guide
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Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 171
Category of Material Placard Name
5.1 Oxidizer
5.2 Other than Type B Identified in Table 1 Organic Peroxide
6.1 Other than materials Poisonous by Inhalation Poison
6.2 (None)
8 Corrosive
9 Class 9
ORM-D (None)
Placarding Table 2 – Continued
Placard 1,001 Pounds (lbs.) or more
See DOT Chart: Hazardous Materials Marking, Labeling, Placarding
NFPA 4.2.1(9)
IdentificationPlacards & Labels
4.2.1(9) U.S. and Canadian placards and labels
Table 2 from DOT CHART for Hazardous Materials Marking,
Labeling and
Placarding Guide
Slide 172 Material Safety Data Sheets / Shipping Papers
Why Necessary? Federal Hazard Communication Laws
Right to Know
Employees
Mandatory local communication on hazards
OSHA MSDS on file for all chemicals
Stored or Used
With facility manager/employer
NFPA 4.2.1(10)(a)
4.2.1(10)(a) Identify where to find MSDS.
• Where to find Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS).
• Why they are necessary
• Federal hazard communication laws
• Right to know
(Where employees can get to the information easily)
• Mandatory local communication on hazards
• OSHA has required all establishments to keep on file
an MSDS for each
chemical stored or used on site
• Central location at facility
• With facility manager/employer
Slide 173
1. Identification
2. Composition / Information
on Ingredients
3. Hazards Identification
4. First Aid Measures
5. Fire Fighting Measures
Instructor Note: Hand Out Sample MSDS Sheets to Students
NFPA 4.2.1(10)(b)
MSDS Information RequirementsNew GHS Documents
IdentificationMSDS / Shipping Papers
6. Accidental Release
Measures
7. Handling and Storage
8. Exposure Controls /Personal
Protection
9. Physical and Chemical
Properties
10. Stability and Reactivity
4.2.1(10)(b) Identify major sections of an MSDS. MSDSs have 16 sections under the ANSI MSDS standard:
GHS ? – Globally Harmonized System of classification and
labeling of chemicals
• Substance Identity and Company Contact Information
• Chemical Composition and Data on Components
• Hazards Identification
• First Aid Measures
• Fire-Fighting Measures
• Accidental Release Measures
• Handling and Storage
• Exposure Controls and Personal Protection
• Physical and Chemical Properties
• Stability and Reactivity
• Toxicological Information
• Ecological Information
• Disposal Considerations
• Transport Information
• Regulations
• Other information
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Session HM 2.1.1
Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 174
New GHS Documents
11. Toxicological Information
12. Ecological Information
13. Disposal Considerations
14. Transport Information
15. Regulatory Information
16. Other Information
NFPA 4.2.1(10)(b)
Old Still Used Documents
TOP Chemical Identity
I. Manufacturer’s Name &
Location
II. Hazardous Ingredients
III. Physical Data
IV. Fire & Explosion Data
V. Reactivity (Instability) Data
VI. Health Hazard Data
VII. Precautions for Safe
Handling
VIII. Control Measures
MSDS Information Requirements
IdentificationMSDS / Shipping Papers
4.2.1(10)(b) Identify major sections of an MSDS. MSDSs have 16 sections under the ANSI MSDS standard:
GHS ? – Globally Harmonized System of classification and
labeling of chemicals
• Substance Identity and Company Contact Information
• Chemical Composition and Data on Components
• Hazards Identification
• First Aid Measures
• Fire-Fighting Measures
• Accidental Release Measures
• Handling and Storage
• Exposure Controls and Personal Protection
• Physical and Chemical Properties
• Stability and Reactivity
• Toxicological Information
• Ecological Information
• Disposal Considerations
• Transport Information
• Regulations
• Other information
Their may still be older MSDS sheets in the field,
This list is what was required at that time
Slide 175
• Product Identification Number
• STCC number (Standard Transportation Commodity Code)
• 7 digit number
• Applies to rail only
• CAS number (Chemical Abstract Services)
• chemical’s social security number• Proper Shipping Name
• Hazard Class and Division
• Packaging Group
NFPA 4.2.1(10)(c)
MSDS Information Requirements
IdentificationMSDS / Shipping Papers
4.2.1(10)(c) Identify the entries on shipping papers that indicate
the presence of hazardous materials.
• Product identification number
• STCC number (Standard Transportation Commodity
Code)
The Standard Transportation Commodity Code (STCC)
Number
contains a product class STCC code that corresponds to
the
Hazardous Material Response code (appears for 49-
series only).
• 7 digit number
• Applies to rail only
• CAS number (chemical’s social security number) are
unique numerical identifiers for chemical elements,
• Windows / Opening covered with plastic or tinfoil
• Strong Solvent odors
• Odor of Ammonia, Starting Fluid, Ether
• Iodine / Chemical stained fixtures
• Discoloration of structures, pavement, soil
• Unusual Structures
• Increased activity, especially at night
• Excessive trash, large amounts similar remnants
• Knowledge that Renters pay landlords in cash
Slide 188
1) Warning or credible threat received
2) Reports of “Explosion” or actual “Explosion”
3) Accelerant Odors
4) Multiple fires or explosions
5) Incendiary device or bomb components
6) Unusually fast burning
6) Unusual Colored smoke or flames
7) Propane or other flammable cylinders in unusual locations
8) Unattended packages / backpacks / objects left in high traffic area
9) Excessive Damage not normally seen
a) bent steel, shattered concrete
10) Shrapnel evidence; nuts, bolts, nails
Indicators of possible criminal
or terrorist activity involving Explosives
NFPA 4.2.1(19)
Detecting the Presence of Hazardous Materials / WMDExplosives
4.2.1(19) Identify at least four indicators of possible criminal or
terrorist activity involving explosives.
• Warning or credible threat received
• Reports of “Explosion” or actual “Explosion”
• Accelerant Odors
• Multiple fires or explosions
• Incendiary device or bomb components
• Unusually fast burning
Unusual Colored smoke or flames
Propane or other flammable cylinders in unusual locations
Unattended packages / backpacks / objects left in high traffic
area
Excessive Damage not normally seen, bent steel, shattered
concrete
Shrapnel evidence; nuts, bolts, nails
67 of 74 Revision: 073114
Session HM 2.1.1
Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 189
1) Containers with unknown liquids or materials
2) Unusual devices or containers with electronic components: such as – wires, circuit boards, antennas, cell phones
3) Devices containing quantities of fuses, fireworks, match heads, black powder, smokeless powder, incendiary materials
4) Ordinance such as blasting caps, detonation cord, military / commercial explosives, grenades
NFPA 4.2.1(20)
Indicators of Secondary Devices
Detecting the Presence of Hazardous Materials / WMDSecondary Devices
4.2.1(20) Identify at least four indicators of secondary devices.
A.4.2.1(20) An evaluation of the scene for secondary devices
would include the following safety steps:
• Containers with unknown liquids or materials
• Unusual devices or containers with electronic components:
such as – wires, circuit boards, antennas, cell phones
• Devices containing quantities of fuses, fireworks, match heads,
black powder, smokeless powder, incendiary materials
• Ordnance such as blasting caps, detcord, military / commercial
explosives, grenades
Slide 190
NFPA 4.2.1(20)
“Safety Tips” for Secondary Devices
• Evaluate the scene for likely areas where secondary devices might be placed.
• Visually scan operating areas for a secondary device.
• Avoid touching or moving anything that might conceal an explosive device.
• Designate and enforce scene control zones.
• Evacuate victims, other responders, and nonessential personnel as quickly and as safely as possible.
Detecting the Presence of Hazardous Materials / WMDSecondary Devices
4.2.1(20) Identify at least four indicators of secondary devices.
A.4.2.1(20) An evaluation of the scene for secondary devices
would include the following safety steps:
• Evaluate the scene for likely areas where secondary devices
might be placed.
• Visually scan operating areas for a secondary device.
• Avoid touching or moving anything that might conceal an
explosive device.
• Designate and enforce scene control zones.
• Evacuate victims, other responders, and nonessential personnel
as quickly and as safely as possible.
Slide 191
Hazardous materials that are manufactured, stored, processed,
or used at a particular site are NOTsubject to regulations affecting
Transported materials.
Collecting Hazard Information
NFPA 4.2.2(1)
4.2.2(1) continued
Remind students that laws and regulations and local requirements
are different
for Fixed Facilities vs. Transportation
68 of 74 Revision: 073114
Session HM 2.1.1
Chapter 3
Recognizing & Identifying the Hazards
The Connecticut Fire Academy
Recruit Firefighter Program
Presentation Instructor Notes
Slide 192 Difficulties encountered in determining
the specific names of hazardous materials / WMD
FacilitiesPlacard or Label Missing
Hazard Class but No Product Identifier
Mixed Loads with Only One Placard
Error in Placarding or Labeling
Shipping Papers not Accessible
Transportation Placards or Labels Missing
No Specific Product Names (placards/labels)
Mixed Loads
Shipping Papers Not Available
Collecting Hazard Information
NFPA 4.2.2(1)
4.2.2(1) Identify difficulties encountered in determining the
specific names of hazardous materials/WMD at facilities and in
transportation.
Facilities
•Placard or Label Missing
•Hazard Class but No Product Identifier
•Mixed Loads with Only One Placard
•Error in Placarding or Labeling
•Shipping Papers not Accessible
Transportation
•Placards or Labels Missing
•No Specific Product Names (placards/labels)
•Mixed Loads
•Shipping Papers Not Available
Slide 193
Sources for obtaining names of hazardous materials in a facility.
Material Safety Data Sheets
Markings on Storage Containers
Emergency Planning Documents
NFPA 4.2.2(3)
Collecting Hazard InformationFacilities
4.2.2(3) Identify sources for obtaining the names of hazardous
materials / WMD at a facility.
MSDS sheets can identify specific information
Marking on Containers may identify materials
Emergency Planning Documents and Pre-Incident Planning are
excellent resources provided they are maintained and current.
Slide 194 • Hazardous occupancies and problem locations
should be identified and evaluated during pre-incident planning
• Personnel developing the Pre-Incident Plansshould seek assistance from the facility manager in identifying hazardous materials locations and recording them on the plan in a way that will be useful to the first-arriving companies.
NFPA 4.2.2(1)
Collecting Hazard InformationPre-Planning
4.2.2(1) continued
Now is a good time to stress the importance of Pre-Incident
Planning
Following normal Inspection routine;
The Responder should make contact first and request permission
for a walk
through type inspection and note all hazards, particularly the