Hayley Rodkin/Cain Chunda Directorate: Water Use Efficiency 26 August 2005

Hayley Rodkin/Cain ChundaDirectorate: Water Use Efficiency

26 August 2005

The Role of Water Conservation and The Role of Water Conservation and Water Demand Management in the Water Demand Management in the National Water Resources Strategy:National Water Resources Strategy:

Improved Access to Improved Access to affordable, effective affordable, effective and efficientand efficient Water and Sanitation Water and Sanitation

services, Job Creation, Poverty Reduction services, Job Creation, Poverty Reduction and Financial sustainabilityand Financial sustainability

Why Water Conservation Why Water Conservation and Water Demand and Water Demand

Management?Management?

“C'est pas parceque le poisson vit dans l'eau qu'il n'a plus soif”

Cameroon

Rationale for WC/WDMRationale for WC/WDM The SA Constitution guarantees, amongst The SA Constitution guarantees, amongst

others the rights of access to sufficient food and others the rights of access to sufficient food and water as well as the right to an environment water as well as the right to an environment that is not harmful to their health or well being that is not harmful to their health or well being (Ss 24 and 27).(Ss 24 and 27).

The WSA, 1997 provides for the right of access The WSA, 1997 provides for the right of access to basic water supply promoting water to basic water supply promoting water conservation to support sustainable use of a conservation to support sustainable use of a limited resource and achieve equity (S4).limited resource and achieve equity (S4).

The NWA, 1998 sets out the approach in which The NWA, 1998 sets out the approach in which the country’s water resources should be the country’s water resources should be managed in an efficient & effective manner for managed in an efficient & effective manner for the benefit of all (S2).the benefit of all (S2).

•The NWRS states clearly that “South Africa’s water resources are, in global terms, scarce and extremely limited”.

Pics. Courtesy of Rand Water

Wasteful use of water Wasteful use of water

Inefficient use causing disasters

What is Water Conservation and What is Water Conservation and Water Demand ManagementWater Demand Management

WC/WDM should be part of WC/WDM should be part of the water resources and water the water resources and water supply planning processsupply planning process

Water Institutions should Water Institutions should supply water in an efficient and supply water in an efficient and effective manner minimising effective manner minimising water losses and promoting water losses and promoting WC/WDM to their consumers. WC/WDM to their consumers.

Consumers should not waste Consumers should not waste water and should to use water water and should to use water efficiently. efficiently.

Addressing Addressing Improved Access to Water and Sanitation, Job Improved Access to Water and Sanitation, Job

Creation, Poverty Reduction and Financial Creation, Poverty Reduction and Financial sustainability through WC/WDMsustainability through WC/WDM

InterventionsInterventions BenefitsBenefits Current or past Current or past projectsprojects

1. NWC/WDM Strategies1. NWC/WDM Strategies WC/WDM strategies to WC/WDM strategies to water management water management institutions and all institutions and all water use sector water use sector availableavailable

National and Sectoral National and Sectoral WC/WDM strategies WC/WDM strategies published by the published by the Department:: March Department:: March 20052005

2. Towards Regulations2. Towards Regulations To support the To support the enforcement of enforcement of WCWDM measures by WCWDM measures by all all

Project under way within Project under way within the Directoratethe Directorate

3. WC/WDM conditions 3. WC/WDM conditions in Water Use in Water Use authorisation processesauthorisation processes

To ensure that WC/ To ensure that WC/ WDM Conditions are WDM Conditions are an integral part of the an integral part of the efforts to support efforts to support equity in allocation of equity in allocation of water to all.water to all.

Study under way to Study under way to identity appropriate identity appropriate conditions in General conditions in General Authorisations and Authorisations and LicensingLicensing

4. WC/WDM guidelines 4. WC/WDM guidelines for Water Services, for Water Services, Agriculture and some Agriculture and some IMP SectorsIMP Sectors

Different water use Different water use sectors are guided in sectors are guided in implementing WDM in implementing WDM in their activitiestheir activities

WC/WDM Guidelines WC/WDM Guidelines developed funded by developed funded by DANIDA: IWRM I (2001-DANIDA: IWRM I (2001-2004).2004).

5. Enacting WC/WDM 5. Enacting WC/WDM through local municipal through local municipal regulations & By-laws regulations & By-laws

Effective enforcement, Effective enforcement, compliance by users compliance by users through service through service provision (trace & provision (trace & restrict wasteful users).restrict wasteful users).

Pilot project to be Pilot project to be commissioned with commissioned with Western cape Regional Western cape Regional office for three office for three municipalities.municipalities.

Institutional/legal Institutional/legal interventionsinterventions

Addressing Addressing Improved Access to Water and Sanitation, Job Improved Access to Water and Sanitation, Job

Creation, Poverty Reduction and Financial Creation, Poverty Reduction and Financial sustainability through WC/WDMsustainability through WC/WDM

InterventionsInterventions BenefitsBenefits Current or past Current or past projectsprojects

1. Promotion and awareness 1. Promotion and awareness raisingraising

Water users are made Water users are made conscious of the need and conscious of the need and benefits of using water benefits of using water efficiently. Improve cost-efficiently. Improve cost-recovery.recovery.

On going throughout with On going throughout with a need for focused and a need for focused and targeted programs with targeted programs with local government local government institutions.institutions.

2. Capacity Building2. Capacity Building Skills are created for the Skills are created for the effective implementation of effective implementation of WC/WDMWC/WDM

Jobs are created to carry Jobs are created to carry out WC/WDM interventions out WC/WDM interventions (expanded public works (expanded public works programs & DOL).programs & DOL).

Program planned for Program planned for continued engagement of continued engagement of municipalities to municipalities to harmonize approach as harmonize approach as implementation is local implementation is local led.led.

3. Equitable distribution of 3. Equitable distribution of water (Water Allocations water (Water Allocations Reform program supported Reform program supported and guided). and guided).

Conflict resolution, effective Conflict resolution, effective redress of past inequities in redress of past inequities in water allocation, fair and water allocation, fair and just as wasteful & inefficient just as wasteful & inefficient users are prime target of users are prime target of the WAR programme.the WAR programme.

Mokolo project Mokolo project commissioned 2005 commissioned 2005 already, Inkomati and already, Inkomati and Olifants WMAs to be Olifants WMAs to be evaluated within the evaluated within the period of 2005/2006 (DFID period of 2005/2006 (DFID funds applied for).funds applied for).

4. Productive use of water 4. Productive use of water (Livestock and small (Livestock and small gardening)gardening)

Subsistence gardening Subsistence gardening supported through saved supported through saved water, livestock and other water, livestock and other Schedule 1 activities Schedule 1 activities supportedsupported

Western Highveld project Western Highveld project (ensured reduction of (ensured reduction of water disruptions due to water disruptions due to minimised losses. Ongoing minimised losses. Ongoing focus focus

Social InterventionsSocial Interventions

Addressing Addressing Improved Access to Water and Sanitation, Job Improved Access to Water and Sanitation, Job

Creation, Poverty Reduction and Financial Creation, Poverty Reduction and Financial sustainability through WC/WDMsustainability through WC/WDM

InterventionsInterventions BenefitsBenefits Current or past Current or past projectsprojects

RetrofittingRetrofitting Reduction of households Reduction of households losses, affordable bills losses, affordable bills which serve as incentive for which serve as incentive for payment of services.payment of services.

Ivory ParkIvory Park

Pressure ManagementPressure Management Reduction of losses and Reduction of losses and wastageswastages

Water savings equivalent to Water savings equivalent to big dams, defer pre-mature big dams, defer pre-mature capital investments and capital investments and redirect to other priority redirect to other priority areas (e.g. Housing/FBW)areas (e.g. Housing/FBW)

Khayelitsha, Sebokeng Khayelitsha, Sebokeng (Emfuleni Municipality)(Emfuleni Municipality)

MeteringMetering Improved revenue Improved revenue collection for local collection for local authorities, compliance authorities, compliance with legislation (PFMA, with legislation (PFMA, MSA etc).MSA etc).

Soweto, Ivory ParkSoweto, Ivory Park

Leakage controlLeakage control Reduction of losses and Reduction of losses and wastages, Job creation for wastages, Job creation for local plumbers and leakage local plumbers and leakage control teams.control teams.

Western HighveldWestern Highveld

Operations and Operations and MaintenanceMaintenance

Reduced breakdowns in Reduced breakdowns in supply,supply,

Job creation for local Job creation for local artisans and supplier artisans and supplier SMMEs.SMMEs.

Western Highveld, Western Highveld, Emfuleni Emfuleni

Technical InterventionsTechnical Interventions

Addressing Addressing Improved Access to Water and Sanitation, Job Improved Access to Water and Sanitation, Job

Creation, Poverty Reduction and Financial Creation, Poverty Reduction and Financial sustainability through WC/WDMsustainability through WC/WDM

Financial InterventionsFinancial Interventions

?This is so far the main challenge facing the

effective implementation of Water Conservation and Water Demand Management, which we are hoping today will serve as one of

the platforms towards mobilizing the necessary resources and support.

Why the Challenge of Why the Challenge of WC/WDMWC/WDM

Traditionally, it is believed that only infrasTraditionally, it is believed that only infrastructure development can assist in improvitructure development can assist in improving water supply, even when opportunities ng water supply, even when opportunities exist for WC/WDM measures. The conseqexist for WC/WDM measures. The consequence of this paradigm is that -uence of this paradigm is that -

Investment in infrastructure often attracts pre-Investment in infrastructure often attracts pre-mature funding;mature funding;

Available funds seems limited to infrastructure Available funds seems limited to infrastructure development instead of improving existing watdevelopment instead of improving existing water reticulation and minimizing wastages withiner reticulation and minimizing wastages within households; households;

Most municipalities are bankrupt with an estimMost municipalities are bankrupt with an estimated R50 billion debt, to which non-revenue deated R50 billion debt, to which non-revenue demand contributes significantly;mand contributes significantly;

Avoidable water losses and wastages in the doAvoidable water losses and wastages in the domestic sector exceeds 30% of the water supply mestic sector exceeds 30% of the water supply (in the Rand Water area this volume exceeds 4(in the Rand Water area this volume exceeds 45%).5%).

Addressing Addressing Improved Access to Water and Sanitation, Job Improved Access to Water and Sanitation, Job

Creation, Poverty Reduction and Financial Creation, Poverty Reduction and Financial sustainability through WC/WDMsustainability through WC/WDM

InterventionsInterventions BenefitsBenefits Current or past Current or past projectsprojects

Access to MIG & Equitable Access to MIG & Equitable share fundingshare funding

Ensure municipalities Ensure municipalities meet Free Basic Water meet Free Basic Water policy imperatives, sustain policy imperatives, sustain infrastructure and infrastructure and services.services.

Submissions and requests Submissions and requests for funding of WC/WDM for funding of WC/WDM and engagement taking and engagement taking place.place.

Access to Treasury FundsAccess to Treasury Funds Support local government Support local government to reduce unacceptable to reduce unacceptable levels of non revenue levels of non revenue water, losses & wastageswater, losses & wastages

Utilising limited treasury Utilising limited treasury grants to demonstrate grants to demonstrate benefits of WC/WDM to the benefits of WC/WDM to the water sector.water sector.

Access to Masibambane Access to Masibambane FundingFunding

Support local government Support local government to reduce unacceptable to reduce unacceptable levels of non revenue levels of non revenue water, losses & wastageswater, losses & wastages

To engage in discussions To engage in discussions and requests for funding.and requests for funding.

Access to Private and Donor Access to Private and Donor fundingfunding

Turn around technical Turn around technical insolvency of most insolvency of most municipalities, become municipalities, become self sufficient and self sufficient and sustainable.sustainable.

Donors actively engaged for Donors actively engaged for support for actual support for actual implementation, not studies implementation, not studies only as is the case. PPPonly as is the case. PPP

Establishment of a Water Establishment of a Water Demand Management FundDemand Management Fund

Ensure viability of water Ensure viability of water management & water management & water services institutions, services institutions, sustain environment.sustain environment.

Conducting assessments of Conducting assessments of possibilities to fund possibilities to fund WC/WDM like WC/WDM like infrastructure capital.infrastructure capital.

Financial InterventionsFinancial Interventions

: : WC/WDM Targets for effective WC/WDM Targets for effective

Water Resource Management & Water Resource Management & service delivery service delivery

Postponement of capital investmentsPostponement of capital investments Delay new infrastructure to later, money can currently be used for Delay new infrastructure to later, money can currently be used for

other priority purposes including Free basic Water & sanitation other priority purposes including Free basic Water & sanitation provision.provision.

Improvements in the equity in allocationImprovements in the equity in allocation ““Free-up” water from WC/WDM can be used to benefit sectors who Free-up” water from WC/WDM can be used to benefit sectors who

previously did not have access to water (guide compulsory previously did not have access to water (guide compulsory licensing).licensing).

Stimulates economic growth by allocating water to sectors Stimulates economic growth by allocating water to sectors producing high value goods (National, Provincial & Local Growth & producing high value goods (National, Provincial & Local Growth & Development Plans).Development Plans).

Improvement in the environmentImprovement in the environment Construction of major water resource infrastructure can have an Construction of major water resource infrastructure can have an

adverse impact on the environment.adverse impact on the environment.

Increase efficiency and productivity Increase efficiency and productivity (stimulate job (stimulate job creation).creation).

Conflict resolution Conflict resolution (Water Allocation’s Reform/Scarcity).(Water Allocation’s Reform/Scarcity).

THANK YOU !!!

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