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� • LibrarySparks • August/September Web Resources 2009
Cesar Chavez Bonus Econ Lesson
Productive Resources (Featuring the Migrant Farm Worker)
Introduction: In this lesson, students will iden-tify productive
resources as they apply to migrant workers in mid-Twentieth Century
California.
Objectives:• The student will review the terms natural
resources, human resources, and capital resources.
• The student will participate in a class problem solving
activity.
• The student will give examples of natural resources, human
resources, and capital resources.
McREL Standards Reading • Uses the general skills and strategies
of the
reading process Writing • Uses the general skills and strategies
of the
writing process Economics • Knows that productive resources are
all natu-
ral resources, human resources, and capital resources used to
produce goods and provide services
Time Required: 25–30 minutes
Materials:• A set of Productive Resources and the Migrant
Worker cards (printed on card stock and cut apart)
Harvesting Hope: The Story of Cesar Chavez
• Library Lessons •
Grades 2–5
• Activity Sheets • Writing tools• Tape
Procedure:1. Prepare materials prior to class. 2. Introduce the
lesson by writing these three
terms on the board, NATURAL RESOURCES, HUMAN RESOURCES, and
CAPITAL RESOURCES.
3. Explain that the words on the board are pro-ductive resources
and are used to make goods and services. There are different types
of pro-ductive resources. Natural resources are gifts from nature
that people use to provide goods and services. For example, people
use the land to grow vegetables, they use the sun to provide heat,
and water to hydrate the plants.
4. Explain that natural resources have so many uses that people
have to make decisions about what to do with them. For example,
land can be used for many purposes. People can use land to build a
barn, to grow grapes, or keep chickens. Ask the students what other
prod-ucts can be made using land. [Possible answers: houses,
factories, parks, roads, etc.]
by | Lynne Farrell Stover
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Library Lessons
August/September Web Resources 2009 • LibrarySparks • �
Harvesting Hope: The Story of Cesar Chavez
❖ ❖ ❖
Lynne Farrell Stover has more than thirty years of experience as
an educator and is currently a Teacher Consultant at James Madison
University in Harrisonburg, Virginia. She has taught many teacher
workshops and won Teacher of the Year in 1999 from the Virginia
Council of Economic Education and from the Virginia Association for
the Gifted. She is the author of Magical Library Lessons, More
Magical Library Lessons, Magical Library Lessons: Holiday
Happenings, and From Snicket to Shakespeare from UpstartBooks.
5. Introduce human resources as people doing work to produce
goods and services.
6. Explain that farmers are human resources; they provide fruits
and vegetables, which are goods. Ask the students to name other
human resources. [Possible answers: teacher, carpenter, cook,
barber, etc.]
7. Introduce capital resources as tools that peo-ple use to
produce other goods and services. For example, people make plows so
that farm-ers can use them to till the land for planting season.
Other people make packing crates so that farm workers can use pack
them full of fruit to ship to the market.
8. Explain that capital resources include tools, buildings and
machines. All of these things are made so that other things can be
pro-duced. Ask students for other examples of capital resources.
[Possible answers: truck, shovel, scissors, stove, etc.].
9. Tell students that they will now be applying everything that
has just been discussed to an activity. Hold up one of the Migrant
Worker Cards and ask the students the questions on the back of the
card. (What is pictured on this card? What kind of resources is it?
What could be produced using these resources?) Use the same method
to discuss the item pic-tured the other cards. After correctly
identify-ing each item as a specific type of resource, tape it to
the board under the appropriate word.
10. Distribute the activity sheet and writing tools. Review its
content with the class. Students may work independently or in small
groups.
11. Check for understanding. 1. Human Resource- Migrant Worker,
Natural Resources- Grapes and Sun, Capital Resources, Glass Jar and
Pail. 2. Possible answers include: truck driver, store owner,
cashier, produce manage, bagger. 3. Possible illustrations may
include: jam, jelly, juice, wine
12. Encourage students to share their answers with the class. Be
aware that some answers may vary. Encourage the discussion that
this may initiate.
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� • LibrarySparks • August/September Web Resources 2009
Productive Resources and the Migrant Worker Introduction
Cards
short-handled hoe
Card Questions
• Whatispicturedonthiscard?• Whatkindofresourceisit?•
Whatcouldbeproducedusing
thisresource?
grapes
Card Questions
• Whatispicturedonthiscard?• Whatkindofresourceisit?•
Whatcouldbeproducedusing
thisresource?
migrant worker
Card Questions
• Whatispicturedonthiscard?• Whatkindofresourceisit?•
Whatcouldthisresourceproduce?
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August/September Web Resources 2009 • LibrarySparks • �
Productive ResourcesIntroduction:
CesarChavezworkedhardforthecivilrightsofmigrantworkers.In1965,whensomeCaliforniagrapegrowerscuttheirworkers’pay,Chavezandhisfollowersmarched340milestodrawthenation’sattentiontomanyunfairworkingcon-ditions.HisLa
Cauas,“TheCause”,wouldchangethelivesofthesefarmworkersforthebetter.
Glass Jar Migrant Worker Grapes Pail Sun
1. Usingtheillustrationsabovelistanexampleof
HumanResources______________________
NaturalResource_______________________
CapitalResource _______________________
2.
Whatotherkindsofworkers(humanresources)wouldbeneededtogetproductsgrapestoastoreandsellthem?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3.
Onthebackofthispaperdrawapictureoftwothingsthatcanbemadeusingthepicturedresources.
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� • LibrarySparks • August/September Web Resources 2009
Interdisciplinary Extension Activities
Harvesting Hope: The Story of Cesar
Chavezhasjusttherightcontent,tone,andlengthforitsintendedsecondandthirdgradeaudience.However,asthetextiswrittenonasixthgradereadinglevel,upper-elementaryandmiddleschoolteacherswillfinditavaluabletooltouseininterdisciplinaryunitsfocusingonmulti-culturalstudies,thecivilrightsmovementorthehistoryofpassiveresistance.
Civic
ResponsibilityCesarChavezbelievedintheimportanceofbeingofservicetoothers.Heworkedhardtoimprovethelivingconditionsofthosewhohadlittlehopeofhavingavoiceintheirownfuture.Researchalocalsocialsituationthatneedsaddressing.Brainstormawaythestudentsinyourschoolcanmakeadifferenceinrectifyingthissituation.Makeithappen.
Literature(ForDiscussionandResearch)Theillustratorofthisbook,whowasborninMexico,receivedoneoftheAmericanLibraryAssociation’sPuraBelpréAwardsin2004.TheseawardsarepresentedtoLatino/Latinawritersandillustratorsforoutstandingcontributionstochildren’sliterature.Thisawardwasestablishedin1996andwaspresentedeveryotheryear.However,beginningin2009,thisawardwillbegivenannually.Whydoyouthinkthatanawardthatwasgiveneveryotheryearisnowanannualaward?AlistofthebooksthathavewonthisawardcanbefoundattheWebsitebelow.http://www.ala.org/ala/mgrps/divs/alsc/awardsgrants/bookmedia/belpremedal/belprepast/index.cfmDoesyourschoollibraryhaveanyofthesetitles?
HistoryCesarChavezcreditshismotherwithteachinghimtoresolveconflictsinapeacefulmanner.Hewasalsoinfluencedbyotherswholedbyexample.Selectaquotefromoneofthefamouspacifistsbelow.Researchthisperson.Findandlistfivefactsthatprovethattheybelievedintheirstatement.Remembertociteyoursources.
“Amancan’trideyourbackunlessit’sbent.”-MartinLutherKing
“Inagentleway,youcanshaketheworld.”-MahatmaGandhi
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August/September Web Resources 2009 • LibrarySparks • �
“Wecandonogreatthings,onlysmallthingswithgreatlove.”-MotherTheresa
“Itisnousewalkinganywheretopreachunlessourwalkingisourpreaching.”-SaintFrancisofAssisi
ResearchBillClintonawardedCesarChavezaPresidentialMedalofFreedomin1994.(Detailscanbefoundathttp://www.medaloffreedom.com/CesarChavez.htm)Whatisthisaward?WhydoyouthinkPresidentClintonselectedCesarChavez?Listtenotherpeopleyouadmirewhohavereceivedthisaward.
WritingReaderscanalmostfeelthebackpainthattheshort-handledhoewouldgivetheworkerusingittoweedlettuce.OneofthethingsthatCesarChavezandhisorganizationwereabletochangewastheuseoftheshort-handledhoe.Itisnowbannedforusebymigrantworkers.Writetheanswerstothefollowingquestions.Bepreparedtodiscussyouropinionswiththeclass.•
Whydoyouthinkusingashort-handledhoeinthefieldswouldbedifficult?•
WhydoyouthinkthefarmownersmightNOTwantthemigrantworkerstouselong
handledhoes?•
Whodoyouthinkbenefitedwhenshort-handledhoeswerebanned?
VocabularyWhilethirdgraderswillfindthisbookinteresting,manymayfinditdifficulttoread.Thefollowingwordsarefoundinthetext.Chosetenofthesewordsandwriteadefinitionsforthemthatyouthinkcouldbeunderstoodbyasecondorthirdgrader.
1. Spacious2. Coaxing3. Possessions4. Migrant5. Battered6.
Fierce7. Torment8. Blurred9. Conflicts10. Embarrassed11. Access12.
Suspicious13. Jolt
14. Miserable15. Reluctantly16. Dedicate17. Compassionate18.
Imagination19. Powerlessness20. Abandoned21. Hunched22. Obstacle23.
Unharvested24. Pilgrimage25. Mariachi
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� • LibrarySparks • August/September Web Resources 2009
Harvesting Compound Words
Directions:MakesixcompoundwordsbymatchingawordfromColumnAtoawordinColumnB.Writeonewordineachgrape.Thenusethenewwordstocompletethesentences.
Column A Column Bwater ownershome downfarm melonsun workersland
sideout sick
1.
CesarChavezlikedtoeat_______________withhisfamily____________inthewarmArizonanights.
2.
WhenCesarfirstwenttoschoolheranbacktohishousebecausehewas____________________.
3.
The____________________wouldpickgrapesfromsunupuntil_______________________.
4.
The__________________________agreedtopaytheworkersmoremoneyandgivethembetterworkingconditions.
grape + vine = grapevine
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August/September Web Resources 2009 • LibrarySparks • �
Cesar Speaks - Quotation
CodeCesarChavezunderstoodthatwordswerepowerfultoolsinhiseffortstoorganizeandgivemigrantworkersavoice.Usethecodebelowtorevealoneofhisquotesonthegrid.
A B C D E F G H I L M N O P R S T U V W Y1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
THERE________________________________17-8-5-15-59-1612-1316-18-3-817-8-9-12-71-16
______________________________________.4-5-6-5-1-179-1212-13-12–19-9-13-10-5-12-3-5
WhatdoyouthinkCesarChavezmeantwhenhesaidthis?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Non-Violence
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10 • LibrarySparks • August/September Web Resources 2009
Cesar Speaks - Quotation Code I
A B C D E F G H I L M N O P R S T U V W Y1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
__________________________________21-13-181-15-512-5-19-5-1516-17-15-13-12-7
________________________________’__________5-12-13-18-7-817-8-1-1721-13-184-13-12’-1712-5-5-4
________.8-5-10-14
WhatdoyouthinkCesarChavezmeantwhenhesaidthis?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
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August/September Web Resources 2009 • LibrarySparks • 11
Cesar Speaks - Quotation Code II
A B C D E F G H I L M N O P R S T U V W Y1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
________________________________________17-8-56-9-7-8-179-1612-5-19-5-151-2-13-18-17
____________________________.________7-15-1-14-1613-1510-5-17-17-18-3-5.9-179-16
__________________________________.1-10-20-1-21-161-2-13-18-1714-5-13-14-10-5.
WhatdoyouthinkCesarChavezmeantwhenhesaidthis?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
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1� • LibrarySparks • August/September Web Resources 2009
Cesar Speaks - Quotation Code III
A B C D E F G H I L M N O P R S T U V W Y1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
__________________________________________20-8-5-12114-5-15-16-13-1216-18-6-6-5-15-166-13-15
________________________________________,16-13-11-5-13-12-59-127-15-5-1-17-5-1512-5-5-4,
__________________________________.17-8-1-1714-5-15-16-13-129-168-18-11-1-12
WhatdoyouthinkCesarChavezmeantwhenhesaidthis?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
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August/September Web Resources 2009 • LibrarySparks • 1�
Young Cesar’s
OpportunityWhenCesarChavezwasayoungboy,hisfamilywouldhavebarbecuesintheevenings.Thereweremanyfunthingstodo.IfyouwereCesarwhatwouldyouchoosetodo?
Cesar’s Choices Tally
Take a guitar lesson from Grandpa
Listen to Grandma tell a scary story
Help Mama cook the corn
IfCesarcouldnotdohisfirstchoice,whatwouldhethendo?Thisishisopportunity
cost,thethinghegaveupforhisfirstchoice.
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1� • LibrarySparks • August/September Web Resources 2009
The Chavez Family Fiesta Activity Choices Cards
Brother Richard
Brother Richard
EatWatermelon
Brother Richard
Listen to Music
Brother Richard
Play a Game
Sister Rita
Sister Rita
DrinkLemonade
Sister Rita
Read a Book
Sister Rita
Dance
Papa
Papa Chavez
Slice the Watermelon
Papa Chavez
Play the Guitar & Sing a Song
Papa Chavez
Take a Nap
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August/September Web Resources 2009 • LibrarySparks • 1�
Family Fiesta
Directions:PretendyouarethememberoftheChavezfamilynamedoncardsintheenvelope.YouareatasummerfamilyfiestainthewarmArizonadesert.Youcandoonlyoneofthethingslistedonthecards.Whatwouldyouchoosetodo?Completethesentencesbelowbasedonyourchoice.Bepreparedtoshareyouranswerswiththeclass.
Opportunity Cost
Name:_________________________________________
Date:______________________
I am
__________________________________________________________.
The thing I would choose to do is
________________________________________________________________________________________________.
My second choice would be
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________.
This is my opportunity cost because it is what I gave up to do
my first choice.
Extra Credit:
Illustratethecharacterdoingthechosenactivityonthebackofthispaper.