.
HARVARD PROJECT PHYSICS COURSE
: o ( ) . .
, , , , , : . 19 60.
, . , , STS (--) , .
.
;
: .
, ( ), , . - .
, , .
, .
( new age) (. ).
Ernst Mach, , , Zeitschrift fur den Physicalischen und
Chemischen Unterricht Science of Mechanics (1883) : . 1917 British
Association for the Advancement of Science-(BAAS) .
50 - 60 . , National Science Foundation PSSC . PSSC .
1947, James B. Connant, Harvard University On Understanding
Science: An Historical Approach. 1950, I. Bernard Cohen, Harvard, .
A Sense of History in Science , .
James B. Connant 1957 Harvard Case Histories in Experimental
Science .
60, PSSC MIT, Harvard Project Physics Course HPPC . : G. Holton,
S. Brush, F. Watson J. Rutherford Project 2061 American Association
for the Advancement of Science.
. PSSC . HPPC .
, PSSC, , National Science Foundation, , PSSC. .
.
1963, , .
. 2.5 , 1.5 . 2 .
, . , , . . , ;
, , , , , , . , .
, . G. Holton C PSSC. , ....
, .... . . , . , .
C , '' , . , . .
, .
Physics Teacher 1967, C . , .
S. Brush, The Role of History in the Teaching of Physics, 1969
The Physics Teacher, : , . '' . ''. '' , '' , .
'' . ' , . -, , , .
, , .
:
1)
2) -
3)
:
1) C . , , .
, . . Brush : , , . . .
. , , . , .
, . .
'60 , . , , .
2) , . . : . - ; , . - . , '' .
J. B. Conant courses , , . Conant .
O R. B. Lindsay Conant , .
Brush , .
O F. S. Allen, , 1950 . , . Allen , .
Brush Allen course course : , . , , .
Klopfer (History of Science Cases) HC.
3) Pannel on the Preparation of Physics Teacher () of the
Commission on College Physics : . . . . .
, . , , .
, , . , . . '' - - .
. . . . , .
. , . C . . . . . .
1967-68, 100 5000 . C, 1968. 1968 -70 C C.
C , . . , AIP Pre-College Physics Project, , . , , , .
HPPC , , .
, , , , , , . , . PP, , . , , , .
PPC . , .
. he Project Physics Course (1970), C . C, . , . , .
C , , . , , .
C , :
,
.
C , .
C, :
1. , .
2. , . , , .
3. , , .
4. , .
5. .
5 HPPC, 15% . 1967 .
, C ; ;. C :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. .
, , , , , , .
, Holton, Rutherford, Watson, . , . , . , . , , . , . . , ,
.
, - , . , , , , . , , . , . , . , , . , .
70 . 1970 S. G. Brush A. L. King : .
. , Martin Klein, , -. - .
T.S. Kuhn
70 T. Kuhn.
Harvard Case Histories in Experimental Science T. Kuhn. T. Kuhn
: Connant .
1977 T. Kuhn The Essential Tension. T. Kuhn : , . , . .
Kuhn, . . . .
Whitaker. . - .
, 1974 S. Brush . 1975 NSF PSSC, 70 .
, , Kuhn .
:
Kuhn Connant. Connant, Kuhn, , 2 . 50, , . Connant, , , . Kuhn
Connant.
. , , Big Science, TechnoScience (: ). Kuhn.
1983, British Association for Science Education : Science in the
Social Context. , , , ', ' (Science, Technology and Society - STS),
' ' (Science as Culture) (Science for ll).
(Science, Technology and Society - STS), . .
. Nationa1 Science Curriculum for England and Wa1es, Science for
ll mericans, merican Project 2061, Danish Nationa1 School
Curriculum, Dutch PLON Curriculum Materials . STS .
80 European Physical Society . 1992 International History
Philosophy and Science Teaching Group Science & Education. , M.
R. Matthews, . History, Philosophy and Science Teaching . G. Holton
Denver Harvard Project.
:
. , .
( ), . ( ) .
, , . .
Ernst Mach, (1883), Science of Mechanics, Open Court Publishing,
. 316
James B. Connant, (1947), On Understanding Science: An
Historical Approach, Yale University Press
I. B. Cohen, (1950), A Sense of History in Science, American
Association of Physics Teachers, Annual Conference 1950 American
Journal of Physics 18, 343-359
James B. Connant, (1957), (ed.), Harvard Case Histories in
Experimental Science, 2 vols, Harvard University Press
Gerald Holton, Project Physics. A report on its aims and current
status, The Physics Teacher, May 1967,p. 202
Gerald Holton, Project Physics. A report on its aims and current
status, The Physics Teacher, May 1967, p. 202
The Physics Teacher, May 1967
Stephen G. Brush, The Role of History in the Teaching of Physic,
The physics Teacher, May 1969, p. 271
J.B. Connant, Science and Common sence, 1951, J.B.Connant,
Harvard Case Histories in Experimental Science, 1948, Vol.2
J.B. Connant, Am. Scientist 48, 1960, p.528
Robert Bruce Lindsay, The Role of Science in civilization, 1963,
p.120-122
Stephen G. Brush, The Role of History in the Teaching of Physic,
The physics Teacher, May 1969, p.271
CHAPTER 3,Examination of Physical science study committee and
Harvard Project Physics p. 5
Project Physics. A report on its aims and current status, Gerald
Holton, The Physics Teacher May 1967, p. 203
The Physics Teacher, May 1968 : Project Physics Film Loops are
also suitable for independent use
CHAPTER 3, Examination of Physical science study committee and
Harvard Project Physics, HYPERLINK
"http://www.hhmi.princeton.edu/grp2/Dr
Dist-bib.htm"http://www.hhmi.princeton.edu/grp2/Dr%20Dist-bib.htm
CHAPTER 3, Examination of Physical science study committee and
Harvard Project Physics,
http://www.hhmi.princeton.edu/grp2/Dr%20Dist-bib.htm
Gilbert C.Finlay, The Physical Science Study Committee, The
School Review 70, No 1 (spring 1962) p.65-66
Gilbert C. Finlay, "The Physical Science Study Committee," The
School Review 70, no. 1 (Spring 1962): p. 65-66.
Physics Teacher 5, No2, 1967
Jerrold R.. Zacharias, "Editorial: Pre-College Physics," The
Physics Teacher 4, no. 5 (May 1966) : p.111-121, Gilbert C. Finlay,
"The Physical Science Study Committee," The School Review 70, no. 1
(Spring 1962): 65-66.
CHAPTER 3, Examination of Physical science study committee and
Harvard Project Physics,
http://www.hhmi.princeton.edu/grp2/Dr%20Dist-bib.htm
Jerrold R.. Zacharias, "Editorial: Pre-College Physics," The
Physics Teacher 4, no. 5 (May 1966) : p.112-113, Gilbert C. Finlay,
"The Physical Science Study Committee," The School Review 70, no. 1
(Spring 1962): 65-66.
Jerrold R.. Zacharias, "Editorial: Pre-College Physics," The
Physics Teacher 4, no. 5 (May 1966) : p.112-113, Gilbert C. Finlay,
"The Physical Science Study Committee," The School Review 70, no. 1
(Spring 1962): 65-66.
S. G. Brush & A. L. King, (1972), History in the Teaching of
Physics, University Press of New England
M. J. Klein, 1972, Use and Abuse of Historical Teaching in
Physics in S. G. Brush & A. L. King (eds.), History in the
Teaching of Physics, University Press of New England
T. S. Kuhn, (1959), The Essential Tension: Tradition and
Innovation in Scientific Research reprinted in his The Essential
Tension, University of Chicago Press, 1977, pp.225-239
T. S. Kuhn (1977), Concepts of Cause in the Development of
Physics in his The Essential Tension, University of Chicago Press,
pp.21-30
M. A. B. Whitaker (1979), History and Quasi-History in Physics
Education Pts I, II, Physics Education 14, 108-112, 239-242
S. Brush (1974), Should the History of Science be Rated-X?,
Science 18, 1164-1172
S. Fuller (2000), Thomas Kuhn: A Philosophical History of Our
Time, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
European Physical Society, , 1983 , 1986 1988 . 1989 1
International History, Philosophy and Science Teaching Conference 2
Kingston 1992.
M. R. Matthews, (1992), History, Philosophy and Science
Teaching: The Present Rapprochement, Science & Education 1,
11-47
M. R. Matthews, (1994), Science Teaching: The Role of History
and Philosophy of Science, Kluwer
G. Holton & S. Brush, (2001), Physics the Human Adventure:
from Copernicus to Einstein, Rutgers UP
G. Holton, (2001), Plenary Talk, Internatioanal History
Philosophy and Science Teaching Conference, Denver, Nov.2001
PAGE 1