Harnessing Climate Change Mitigation Initiatives to ... Report_ RETA 7914.pdf · - 0 - Harnessing Climate Change Mitigation Initiatives to Benefit Women RETA 7914 Final Inception

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Harnessing Climate Change Mitigation Initiatives to Benefit Women RETA 7914 Final Inception Report

Funded by the Nordic Development Fund

Submitted To: The Asian Development Bank

Prepared by Women Organizing for Change in Agriculture and Natural Resource Management (WOCAN)

Submitted 31 May 2013

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CONTENTS

Executive Summary .……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..... 5

1. Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7

1.1 Problem Statement ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7

1.2 Approach ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7

1.3 Project Overview/ Objectives and Scope ..……………………………………………………………………………………. 8

1.4 Project Outcome ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9

1.5 Project Output ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9

1.6 Institutional Arrangements …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9

1.7 Project Activities …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9

2. Implementing Arrangements/ Work Plan ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 14

2.1 Phrase 1:January-May 2013: Scoping Studies, Inception and Capacity Assessment Workshops 14

2.2 Phase 2: August–September 2013: Capacity Building and Planning for Gender Mainstreaming 17

2.3 Phase 3: May 2013–October 2015: Pilot Project Establishment and Implementation ……………….... 18

2.4 Methodology for Mobilization and Training of Women’s Groups and Monitoring/Evaluation …….. 20

2.5 Reporting ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 24

3. Scoping Study Results …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 25

TABLES

Table 1:Organizational Chart - Viet Nam ……………………………………………….……………..………………………………… 11

Table 2:Organizational Chart – Cambodia ………………………………………………………………..…………………………….. 12

Table 3:Organizational Chart - Lao PDR ……..…………………………………………………………………………………….……… 13

Table 4: Key Findings of Inception Workshops ……………………….……………………………………………….………….….. 15

Table 5:Summary of the Work Plan …………………………………………………………………………………………….………….. 23

Table 6:Deliverables with Proposed Dates ….……………………………………………………………………………….…………. 24

Table 7: Scoping Studies Summary and Comparative Assessment ..……………..………………………..…………..…. 27

Table 8: Brief Assessment of Stakeholders ..………………………………………………………..………………………………….. 28

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APPENDICES

Appendix 1: Revised Work Plan – Cambodia ………………………………………………..………………………………………… 52

Appendix 2: Revised Work Plan - Viet Nam …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 63

Appendix 3: Revised Work Plan - Lao PDR ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 73

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Acronyms

ADB Asian Development Bank

CCCSP Cambodia’s Climate Change Strategic Plan

CDM Clean Mechanism Development

CEDAC Cambodian Center for Study and Development in Agriculture

CER Certified Emission Reduction

City WU Dong Hoi City Women’s Union

DMC Developing Member Countries

DNA Designated National Authority

DONRE Department of Natural Resources and Environment

DPI Department of Planning and Investment

ERPAs Emission Reduction Purchase Agreements

EU European Union

EB Executive Board

GERES Group for the Environment, Renewable Energy and Solidarity

GHG Greenhouse Gas

GMS Greater Mekong Subregion

IA Implementing Agency

ICS Improved Cook Stoves

IGES Institute for Global Environment Strategies

LDC Least Developed Country

MAFF Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development

MOE Ministry of Environment

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MoEYS Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport

MOWRAM Ministry of Water Resource and Meteorology

MRD Ministry of Rural Development

MoWA Ministry of Women’s Affairs

MoNRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment

NCCC National Climate Change Committee (Cambodia)

PA Project Advisor

PIS Project Implementation Specialist

POA Program of Activities

REDD+ Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest

Degradation

RETA Regional Technical Assistance

SME Small and Medium Enterprise

SNV Netherlands Development Organization

UFPF Urban Financing Partnership Facility

UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

URENCO Urban Environment Company Lim

USAID United States Agency for International Development

VCS Verified Carbon Standard

VWU Viet Nam Women’s Union

VCM Voluntary Carbon Market

WOCAN Women Organizing for Change in Agriculture and Natural

Resource Management

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Executive Summary

This report summarizes the inception activities that Women Organizing for Change in

Agriculture and Natural Resource Management (WOCAN) has undertaken for the Asian

Development Bank (ADB) Regional Technical Assistance 7914 (RETA 7914) Harnessing

Climate Change Mitigation Initiatives to Benefit Women from 7 January–6 February 2013.

This RETA focuses on the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) countries of Cambodia, Lao

PDR, and Viet Nam and is financed with a grant from the Nordic Development Fund. This

grant is administered by ADB as the official executing agency. ADB contracted WOCAN to

provide expertise in institutional development, social/gender assessment and capacity

building, climate change financing, and monitoring and evaluation. Forty-seven person-

months of international consulting services and 41 person-months of national consulting

services are provided to enable the desired impact, to improve the livelihoods of women in

urban and peri-urban areas in Developing Member Country (DMC) pilot sites through their

improved access to low-carbon technology, and carbon revenue financing.

The RETA has three outputs:

Enhancement of gender mainstreaming in national or provincial climate change

strategies, action plans, and mitigation plans

Effective mechanisms supporting stakeholder engagement process and gender

equitable benefit distribution identified for replication

Implementation of three pilot projects by national women’s groups to develop local

tools and mechanisms to access climate financing

This report serves to summarize the activities undertaken by WOCAN in support of outputs

1 and 3. The Institute for Global Environment Strategies (IGES) has been contracted

separately to support output 2.

The report is divided into three sections: the background of the project; an Overview of

Activities conducted thus far; and a Summary Analysis of the Scoping Studies. The

appendices include Work Plans, full Scoping Studies, and Summaries of Stakeholder

Meetings.

Section 3 presents the results of the first phase Scoping Studies. The purpose of the first

phase Scoping Studies was as follows: 1) to gain an understanding of the existing situation

within national and sub national climate change policies; 2) to identify key stakeholder

organizations for project implementation and participants in the inception workshops; and 3)

to gain an understanding of existing climate change projects and financing sources in each

country.

A review and analysis of the situation of gender within national and provincial policies, plans

and projects, and institutions engaged in climate change reveals that all three GMS

countries have clear policy mandates and laws to assure gender equality and women’s

rights. They also have strong women’s unions in place at the national and subnational levels.

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However, there is a need to link these effectively to implement policies for climate change

mitigation.

A review of existing carbon financing projects by IGES shows that, with a few notable

exceptions, such as biogas projects in Viet Nam and Improved Cook Stove (ICS) projects in

Cambodia, the existing carbon finance projects have yet to demonstrate any large-scale

community co-benefits or any significant positive gender impacts. The Clean Development

Mechanism (CDM) project pipeline is dominated by large-scale hydroelectric projects (Lao

PDR and Viet Nam) or methane avoidance in industrial processes (Cambodia).

This RETA will enhance the quality of gender mainstreaming and develop models and tools

that will offer mechanisms for women to benefit from carbon finance and mitigation activities.

Three pilot (anchor) projects on cookstoves, biogas/biochar and waste management will

provide the frameworks within which this RETA can strengthen the capacities of women’s

groups to consider and demand technologies that bring them maximum benefits, using

various tools of carbon and climate change finance.

Detailed work plans are presented in the Appendix. The work plans consist of three phases:

Phase 1 will involve initial meetings with Implementing Agencies (IAs) and potential

partner organizations and Scoping Studies that assess existing attention to gender

within national/subnational climate policies, strategies and institutions in the three

countries, as inputs to the draft Inception Report. The results of these meetings and

studies will be presented during the inception workshops. The revised Inception

Report incorporates comments of participants and changes to work plans.

Phase 2 will focus on the delivery of capacity building for gender mainstreaming and

climate financing within the IAs and partner organizations, based on detailed

analyses of capacity gaps and requirements. These activities will be conducted at

the national/subnational levels, with institutions identified during the Phase 1

activities.

Phase 3 will develop three concrete pilot projects, linked to the three anchor projects

identified in the proposal. A major focus of activities will be on the provision of

training inputs to women’s groups within the projects, for leadership, technical and

business skills. This phase will also develop a pipeline of projects to be considered

for future project development. WOCAN will collaborate closely with IGES in this

phase, so that lessons generated from these pilots may be documented and shared

in regional and global workshops and forums.

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1. Introduction

This report summarizes activities undertaken by WOCAN and Lao PDR-based National

Advisor, Paul van Strijp, and Project Implementation Specialist, Tony Bott, in support of

outputs 1 and 3. It contains three sections.

The first section introduces the background and rationale for the project, its objectives and

scope, and the two work streams to achieve those objectives. The second section provides

a brief overview of the activities already conducted, including meetings with IAs and partners,

and scoping studies conducted in Cambodia, Lao PDR and Viet Nam. The third section

presents a summary analysis of the scoping studies. Appendices include Detailed Work

Plans, expanded Scoping Studies, and a Summary of the Meetings conducted in each

country.

1.1. PROBLEM STATEMENT

Though there is evidence of gender awareness within the policies of Cambodia, Lao PDR

and Viet Nam, ministries and agencies tasked with climate change action plan

implementation lack the capacity to implement these policy directives. Participants in

introductory meetings with Implementing Agencies (IAs) and potential partner institutions in

Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Viet Nam stated their interest for this RETA to provide them with

improved capabilities to plan and implement programs that address gender issues and

give tangible benefits to women. Pilot projects that can demonstrate ways to achieve these

goals can help national policymakers better visualize carbon finance and other

mechanisms that provide benefits for women from mitigation initiatives. This RETA is an

opportunity to pilot this approach, which will be of interest to the global community of climate

change and development institutions.

1.2 APPROACH

Given their existing roles, knowledge, and responsibilities in energy, sanitation, and waste

management, women are in a unique position to help mitigate climate change. Providing

them with incentives to do so requires equitable distribution systems, giving them access to

technologies, activities, and profits from emissions reduction and other environmental

projects. By closing the gender gaps in climate change policies and projects, women will

have more income and other resources that will improve family health, nutrition, and

education. Training in improved ecosystem management and access to low carbon

technologies can reduce the time women spend on household and livelihood tasks, lower

health and sanitation risks, increase access to clean energy sources, and, ultimately, reduce

climate change impacts on families and entire communities.

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When women are involved in the project cycle, project performance and outcomes improve.1

Global carbon markets can incentivize investments in the empowerment of women,

generating higher returns and lowering risk for project developers.2 Women’s groups have

proven to be effective structures for community-based employment and financial

management3 and therefore will be instrumental to the success of ADB sustainable

development and climate change initiatives in the region. This will also support the ADB

1998 Policy on Gender and Development that identifies gender mainstreaming as the key

strategy and approach for promoting gender equality and women’s empowerment across all

sectors.

1.3 PROJECT OVERVIEW / OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE

In May 2011, ADB solicited proposals for an organization to support a three-year technical

assistance project (7914 REG: Harnessing Climate Change Mitigation Initiatives to Benefit

Women) to strengthen human resource and technical capacity development for

implementing agencies to integrate gender in climate change policy frameworks; develop

mechanisms for women's groups to gain co-benefits from appropriate emissions reductions

technologies; and support women's ministries to promote equitable benefit distribution of

climate change finance in Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Viet Nam. This RETA builds on existing

ADB investments and NGO activities by piloting a model to develop low carbon projects with

gender-equitable benefits, demonstrating how climate financing can provide benefits to

women for their contributions to GHG reductions.

Two work streams have been organized to achieve the project objectives:

Capacity Development for Gender Mainstreaming and Women’s Leadership:

conduct Scoping Studies, assess capacity needs, and deliver training to national and

subnational IAs and partner organizations on gender mainstreaming and planning,

and to women within pilot projects on technical and business skills and leadership

Pilot Project Development for Carbon Financing: conduct scoping and feasibility

studies, deliver training to national and subnational IAs and partner organizations on

climate financing, and develop a pipeline of projects in Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Viet

Nam; this stream includes monitoring and evaluation activities, development of

baselines, monitoring of the activities of women’s groups, and extraction of the

lessons learned

1 Global Environment Facility, “Mainstreaming Gender at the GEF” (PDF file p. 7), downloaded from the Global Environment Facility

website, http://www.thegef.org/gef/sites/thegef.org/files/publication/mainstreaming-gender-at-the-GEF.pdf, accessed July 20, 2011.

2CCBA, “CCBA Project Design Document Form For Project Activities (CCBA-PDD) Version 02” (PDF file, p. 50), downloaded from CCBA

website

https://s3.amazonaws.com/CCBA/Projects/Restoration+of+degraded+areas+and+reforestation+in+Caceres+and+Cravo+Norte,+Colombia

/101001_CCBA+PDD_Asorpar_Final.pdf, accessed June 22, 2011. 3World Bank, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, and International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD),

2008.Gender and Agriculture Sourcebook, Module 3: Gender and Rural Finance. Washington, DC: World Bank.

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1.4 PROJECT OUTCOME

The envisioned outcome for the project is an improved enabling environment for gender-

sensitive climate change mitigation policies and finance in target Developing Member

Countries (DMCs).

1.5 PROJECT OUTPUTS WOCAN is responsible for achieving the following outputs:

Enhancement of gender mainstreaming in national or provincial climate change

strategies, action plans, and mitigation plans

Implementation of three pilot projects by national women’s groups to develop local

tools and mechanisms to access climate financing

1.6 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

ADB will be the executing agency for the RETA implementation consultants will report

directly to ADB. As overall supervision and guidance for RETA implementation and

stakeholder coordination will be provided by a Steering Committee led by the GMS Working

Group Agriculture Coordinator (Cambodia); GMS National Secretariat (Lao PDR); and

Quang Binh Provincial People’s Committee (Viet Nam), the consultants will be required to

maintain close coordination with the Steering Committee and various agencies in each of

the countries involved in project implementation. The Governments of Cambodia, Lao

People’s Democratic Republic, and Viet Nam will provide in-kind contributions covering

personnel inputs, data, necessary information, and other forms of administrative support.

1.7 PROJECT ACTIVITIES

Project Management:

ADB, individual consultants, IGES, and WOCAN jointly contributed to the implementation.

WOCAN has been in close communication with the team of 11 consultants to familiarize

them with the project outputs and activities, revise the work schedule, and plan for scoping

study inputs. WOCAN made four visits to Lao PDR, Cambodia and Viet Nam during this first

month. These meetings have yielded useful and constructive results for all the team

members. Additional meetings were held with national project advisers in all three countries,

and the International M&E Consultant and Carbon Finance Specialist.

Implementation arrangements in Lao PDR are slightly different from those of Cambodia and

Viet Nam, reflecting specific needs requested by the Government of Lao PDR during the

design phase, with two additional international consultants. ADB contracts the National

Advisor and Project Implementation Specialist directly for further capacity development

support. As the scope of work and the tasks to be performed under these two positions do

not make any distinction between international or national consultants, this report will refer

to the consultants as National Project Advisor (PA) and National Project Implementation

Specialist (PIS) to avoid confusion.

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The Coordinator and Institutional Development Specialist were introduced to the IAs and

related ministries and partner organizations through a series of meetings within each

country that were also attended by the national advisors, PA, PIS, and other members of the

national team (Appendix 3).

The organization and preparation of the inception workshop will be a joint effort of the local

IAs, individual consultants, IGES, WOCAN, and ADB.

Coordination with Implementation Consultants:

WOCAN and the coordinator of the project’s knowledge management hub met to identify

complementarities between planned tasks and activities, and discuss the agenda for the

inception workshops in February and March 2013. They collaborated in the preparations for

the inception workshops in all three countries and for the revisions to the Work Plans in April.

Close collaboration with the PA and PIS in Lao PDR ensures timely management of project

inputs in Lao PDR.

Inception Workshops:

Between 27 March and 3 April three inception workshops were held in Lao PDR, Cambodia,

and Viet Nam. During the workshops, WOCAN and IGES presented the results of their

scoping; outlined preliminary work plans; and discussed with stakeholders the contributions

to and needs from the project. The results of the inception workshops underscored the need

to strengthen connections to project outputs; develop a plan for developing and

disseminating knowledge products; and appreciate the unique characteristics of each

country’s policy landscapes. Additional results of the inception workshops and related

meetings are summarized in Section 3, following the summary of the scoping study for each

country.

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Organizational Charts:

Organizational charts for each country are presented below, showing key stakeholders and

the roles of various institutions.

Table 1: Organizational Chart – Viet Nam

Viet Nam

URENCO

Waste Management

WOCAN National Team

DPI

Quang Binh Women’s Union

Dong Hoi Women’s Union

CAW

DONRE

IGES

Overall supervision/guidance

Roles of stakeholders

Red circle: Implementation agency

Red rectangular: Overall supervision and guidance

Red oval: relevant stakeholders

Yellow circle: Technical Advisory Yellow rectangular: Executing Agency

Orange: Pilot project

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Table 2: Organizational Chart - Cambodia

Cambodia

MAFF

TA 7833

WOCAN National Team

Nexus

TA 7833 team

SNV Cambodia

MOWA

MOE

IGES








GERES

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Table 3: Organizational Chart – Lao PDR

Lao PDR

MoNRE

SNV ICS Project

WOCAN National Team

NCAW

RENMI/MST

SNV & ARMI

DSM/MST

DDMCC

IGES








ICS/WB

LWU

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2 Implementing Arrangements/Work Plan

The regional work plan will involve three distinct yet complementary phases.

2.1 PHASE 1: JANUARY – MAY 2013: SCOPING STUDIES, INCEPTION AND

CAPACITY ASSESSMENT WORKSHOPS

Scoping Studies

Phase 1 includes initial meetings with IAs, potential partner organizations, IGES, and the

Lao PDR PA and PIS to familiarize all parties with the project outputs, outcomes, and

mechanisms for collaboration. Scoping studies that assess gender within national/

subnational climate policies and strategies and institutions in the three countries were

conducted to provide inputs to the Draft Inception Report. This draft report has been revised

and finalized based on results of preliminary meetings and studies, and inputs received from

the inception workshop participants, including ADB staff. Work plans for all consultants have

been revised to incorporate results from the inception workshops (Appendices 1, 2 and 3 for

Cambodia, Viet Nam and Lao PDR, respectively).

The PA and PIS, together with the Institutional Development, Social/Gender and Carbon

Finance Consultants, conducted scoping studies in each country with three objectives:

To identify key gaps and opportunities for mainstreaming gender by presenting a

situation analysis of gender within national and provincial policies, plans, and

projects related to climate change

To identify government and NGOs, women’s groups, and others that could be

involved in the project implementation and briefly assess their capacities

To review existing climate change projects and financing sources to assess

opportunities for project financing

Information for these studies comes from desk reviews of policies and plans, and meetings

with potential partner organizations and women’s groups. In the case of Lao PDR, the PA

and PIS had introduction meetings with the Implementation Agency (MoNRE) and potential

government and non-government partners. During these meetings, they identified some

initial concerns and explored opportunities for partnerships, which hopefully can be

addressed and reflected in the final project plans and activities. Furthermore, in each

country, the PA and PIS conducted field missions to or interviews with staff of pilot project

sites: (i) ICS project in Savannakhet in Lao PDR; (ii) UNRENCO in Dong Hoi in Vietnam;

and (iii) Capacity Building for Efficient Utilization of Biomass for Bioenergy and Food

Security in the Greater Mekong Subregion (CAM TA7833) in Cambodia.

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Inception Workshops

The revision of the Inception Report is based on the results of three inception workshops

held in Lao PDR, Cambodia, and Viet Nam (Dong Hoi) from 27 March–3 April 2013. These

results are reported under Section 3, Scoping Studies and Inception Workshop Results,

within country-specific sections. Table 4 below provides key findings from the workshops

and related meetings with partners.

Table 4: Key Findings from Inception Workshops

Lao PDR Cambodia Viet Nam

Additional work will be needed in finalizing the pilot project; likely to be cookstove project of SNV/ARMI

Care will be needed in defining women’s groups; if no existing groups, may have to form these from women producers and retailers

It may not be possible to share carbon revenue; frequently in the case of cookstove projects, revenue is not distributed directly to the stove users but redistributed through the project for other purposes related to the stove manufacture and maintenance

The Lao Women’s Union requests training in climate change and climate finance

Facilitators from Lao PDR will be essential to build the trust and confidence needed during the training

Strong collaboration is expected from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) and the Ministry of Women Affairs (MoWA)

Local governments should be involved in the project; at commune level, there are gender focal points that could receive the training

In addition to TA 7833, there are a wide range of possible contributions/collaborations for the project including: The United Nations

Development Program (UNDP)/Global Environmental Facility (GEF)

The National Biodigester Programme

ADB Cambodia Mission Pilot project sites likely to be in

Kampot or Takeo, to be selected in early May with TA 7833

Capacity building activities must enable women to gain an understanding of climate change

Connections to the project can be made to several provincial and national climate change policies

There are already supportive organizations and activities undertaken by URENCO and the Quang Binh and Dong Hoi City Women’s Unions

Pilot projects must provide an opportunity for Dong Hoi women to participate in climate change mitigation

Several options are possible for pilot projects, including waste management, biogas, ICS, etc.

Changes in Personnel and Budget Allocation

As a result of the inception workshops and revised work plans, changes to the existing team

and TORs were deemed necessary, as below:

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International Team Leader: hiring of Assistant Team Leader

International Carbon Finance Specialist: hiring of Assistant Carbon Finance

Specialist, Eleonora Gatti, Nexus staff member

Viet Nam: hiring of Chinh Hoang, Project Support Officer.

In addition, three vacancies in the team are to be filled:

Project Finance Manager, Bangkok

Social/Gender Specialist, Cambodia

Carbon Finance Specialist, Viet Nam

It is also recommended to replace the National Project Adviser in Cambodia with consultant

who is already on the team, as the Carbon Finance Specialist, Sona Long. The current

National Project Adviser will fill the Social/Gender Specialist Cambodia position. As both

consultants know the project well, this change is expected to be a smooth transition that will

provide more effective support to the RETA.

To maximize the effectiveness of the team’s inputs to the RETA, additional travel funds and

trips are necessary, assuring sufficient face-to-face time with partner organizations and

women’s groups. The changes to the overall travel budget for this RETA will not require any

additional funds, as they will require only reallocation within existing budget categories.

Capacity Assessment Workshops

Following the submission of the Revised Inception Report, a round of field missions will be

carried out to conduct the Capacity Assessment Workshops. The objectives are as follows:

To identify capacity needs of implementing agencies for gender mainstreaming

To assess organizational opportunities and gaps for mainstreaming gender

To develop skills of participants to assess their own organization and produce an

assessment for the planning workshop to be held in August/September 2013

For this purpose, two-day workshops with about 20-25 staff of the selected partner

organizations will be conducted in each country, guiding participants through a participatory

self-assessment using a Framework for Gender Analysis in Institutions. With these skills,

participants will be expected to carry out the analysis in their respective organizations before

attending the tailored courses offered on gender mainstreaming/gender planning, climate

policy development, and climate change/carbon finance to be developed by the International

Social/Gender and Carbon Finance Specialists and IGES consultant.

The selection criteria for staff who attend this workshop is as follows:

Mid and senior level staff who have responsibilities for either mainstreaming gender

or developing plans and policies for climate change

Staff who attend this meeting will also be required to attend the gender

mainstreaming training course to assure continuity

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At least two persons should represent each organization, with at least one woman

participant, if possible.

2.2 PHASE 2: AUGUST–SEPTEMBER2013: CAPACITY BUILDING AND PLANNING

FOR GENDER MAINSTREAMING

Once developed, a series of training courses will be delivered to selected staff of IAs and

partner organizations in each country, at the national and subnational levels. Specifically,

about 20 men and women staff of these organizations will attend a 5–6 day training course

on skills and knowledge about gender analysis, gender planning, mainstreaming climate

change, and climate finance. Participants will each produce an action plan with detailed

indicators by the end of each course, including steps to address gender within their

organizations based on their assessments of institutional strengths and weaknesses. The

outputs will be a tailored set of gender-specific measures, targets, and activities for each

organization that incorporate participants’ knowledge of gender and carbon finance applied

to their own organizational context. WOCAN will monitor and support these participants

throughout the project period.

Specific application of the gender mainstreaming capacity building in each of the three

countries is described below.

Cambodia

In Cambodia, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forests and Fisheries (MAFF) is currently

preparing sectoral climate change strategies and is interested in integrating gender

and women into their initiatives. MAFF’s Gender Working Group (GWG) will lead this

work. The GWG will include activities to incorporate gender into the proposed Climate

Change Action Plan in the list of actions they will plan for during the Gender

Mainstreaming Course. The Ministry is also currently conducting carbon trading under

the National Biodigester Program (NBP) and is investigating ways to bringing benefits

to households directly, instead of returning all revenues to projects. This interest will

facilitate the bridging of national level capacity strengthening of MAFF with pilot

project implementation within this RETA, thus linking outputs 1 and 3.

The Ministry of Women’s Affairs (MOWA) will likely work at the sectoral level through

line ministries, but coordinate with women and children’s committees at the commune

level. It will establish a connection between gender mainstreaming action groups in

different line ministries, integrate gender mainstreaming action plans into sectoral

master work plans, and use existing mechanisms from national to subnational levels,

including provincial, district, and commune levels.

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Viet Nam

In Viet Nam, gender mainstreaming capacity building will ensure that URENCO

incorporates gender into the Master Plan for Dong Hoi, which includes climate

change strategies.

Lao PDR

In Lao PDR, the DCCM will target greater women’s participation in the Technical

Working Group on Climate Change. It will also focus efforts on raising awareness, as

there is a limited understanding of climate change among women.

2.3 PHASE 3: MAY 2013–OCTOBER 2015: PILOT PROJECT ESTABLISHMENT AND

IMPLEMENTATION

Based on recommendations from the reviews of successful community-driven, women-

focused projects, and stakeholder consultations with women’s groups and partners, three

pilot projects will be designed and established. These will be within the ‘anchor’ projects or

partners initially identified by ADB, including URENCO and Viet Nam Women’s Union

(VWU) in Dong Hoi, Vietnam; SNV Improved Cook Stoves (ICS) project in Lao PDR; and

Capacity Building for Efficient Utilization of Biomass for Bioenergy and Food Security in

GMS in Cambodia. The RETA will analyze the options available for the provision of benefits

to women as part of the feasibility studies, while matching climate finance sources to the

pipeline of projects. Such analyses will be documented and shared with the larger

community of actors engaged in climate change mitigation projects.

At time of the Capacity Assessment Workshops in May 2013, the International Carbon

Finance Specialists and National Carbon Finance Specialist (in Cambodia and Viet Nam)

will meet with IAs and staff of the pilot project staff in each country to confirm specific pilot

project activities and sites, and collect relevant information to inform the design of the

Carbon Baseline and Feasibility Studies. The selection of technologies will be done in

consultation with identified women’s groups within the project site.

Based on the Inception Workshop and follow-up meetings with partners, updated

information on pilot project establishment and implementation is as follows:

Viet Nam

In Viet Nam, the Quang Binh Women’s Union will be involved in the selection of pilot

project activities, the selection of women’s groups and participants, and the provision of

assistance for all capacity building activities. They plan to organize conferences; host

study tours; build networks; organize media events and advocate for climate change

mitigation; disseminate knowledge on climate change mitigation to women; and promote

the participation of women in planning for local economic development, disaster

prevention, and climate change mitigation.

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As the implementing agency for the ADB–UFPF Proposal, URENCO agreed to review

the proposed pilots and provide feedback, identifying the most urgent pilots, as well as

those with the most potential for women’s participation, strategic value, and the highest

probability for replication. They will also coordinate with the RETA’s carbon finance

experts as the team prepares to conduct a feasibility study of the potential pilots and

provide an additional list of potential pilot projects that can be considered for funding

under the UFPF. Members of the Women’s Union have already conceived several

technologies that they would be interested to pursue within the project framework. These

include waste treatment; biogas at the household level to reduce consumption of fuel

wood; waste collection sorting into different types; tree planting along the coast; and

water conservation and appropriate usage of fertilizers and pesticides.

The National Project Adviser and Project Assistant will coordinate with the Impact

Evaluation Mission for ADB PMU for PPTA 8171: Environment and Climate Change

Adaptation, in mid May 2013.

Cambodia

In Cambodia, the pilot project site will be within RETA 7833 (Capacity Building for

Efficient Utilization of Biomass for Bioenergy and Food Security in GMS), in either

Kampot or Takeo province. The pilot site will be selected during a field visit by RETA

7914 and RETA 7833 in May 2013. In Takeo, RETA 7914 will have the chance to work

in cooperation with the National Biodigester Program, which has experience in carbon

trading. If Kampot is chosen, the team will work with CEDAC, which has experience

working on women’s empowerment projects. It also works through several active

women’s groups at the community level. Project activities will include technical support

for both biochar and biodigesters.

MOWA will assist in the selection of the women’s groups and participants, and support

the leadership and entrepreneurship training to women’s groups and communities.

RETA 7833 will provide technical training to women’s groups on:

Biodigester plant construction and bioslurry use in agriculture crops (rice, and

vegetable) production, and organic production

Production of biochar from rice husks and other agriculture residues, and

application of biochar for soil improvement and increased yields

Selected appropriate and efficient household improved cookstoves and air

pollution prevention for women and children

Agriculture crop production using biochar and bioslurry

- 20 -

Lao PDR

In Lao PDR, the Lao Women’s Union will support the RETA by establishing a network

from the ground level to higher officials, raising awareness about gender and climate

change issues with women members at all levels, and informing community women of

the benefits to gain women’s involvement in the pilot project. The Union will also be

involved in the selection of women’s groups during the Gender Assessment to be

conducted by the ADB National Adviser and Project Implementation Specialist, and

during the Capacity Assessment Workshop. If existing women’s groups cannot be

identified, LWU will be involved in the formation of these from women producers and

retailers already engaged with the SNV/ARMI project.

SNV has already completed the Carbon Baseline Study on its own, so the International

Carbon Finance Specialist team leader will work with other partners to conduct the

Baseline and Feasibility Studies only if alternative or additional pilot projects are selected.

The Lao PDR-based National Advisor, Project Implementation Specialist, and National

Social/Gender Specialist will conduct a gender assessment for SNV, that will include a

review of the capacities for SNV/ARMI and women beneficiaries in the ICS value chain

to provide inputs to the selection/formation of women’s groups within the pilot project.

The RETA will analyze the options available for the provision of benefits to women as

part of the feasibility studies, while matching climate finance sources to the pipeline of

projects. Such analyses will be documented and shared with the larger community of

actors engaged in climate change mitigation projects.

At the time of the submission of this Revised Inception Report, alternative pilot projects

were under consideration, in the event that collaboration with SNV would not be feasible.

RETA consultants in Lao PRD identified several possibilities and shortlisted two: ceramic

water filter production through Terra Clear and biodiesel production with used cooking oil

through LIRE/Lao Natural Energy and Environment Development. The International

Carbon Finance Specialist is conducting calculations on whether these projects are

suitable for this RETA. Meetings with Terra Clear staff are scheduled for early June;

LIRE staff will attend the Capacity Assessment Workshop scheduled for May 29-30,

2013.

The RETA will analyze the options available for the provision of benefits to women as

part of the feasibility studies, while matching climate finance sources to the pipeline of

projects. Such analyses will be documented and shared with the larger community of

actors engaged in climate change mitigation projects.

METHODOLOGY FORMOBILIZATION, TRAINING OF WOMEN’S GROUPS, AND MONITORING/EVALUATION In all countries, women’s groups will be established based on existing groups of women

involved in the anchor project site of each country. Subsequently, women groups in each of

the pilot project areas will be selected in collaboration with local partner organizations and

- 21 -

women’s groups, based on selection criteria that will also be determined with stakeholders.

These groups and their individual members will be approached to learn their degree of

interest to be engaged in these projects. Barriers to participation will be assessed and

addressed to the extent possible.

Once the sites are established and the women’s groups selected, a monitoring and

evaluation plan will be developed for each project. This will incorporate national sex-

disaggregated data, review past and ongoing baseline data, update the baseline data, and

provide a plan for monitoring. Baseline data and annual updates will be particularly important

for carbon financing plans that use CDM or voluntary markets to generate revenue. The

specifics of the baseline data will be determined by the choice of standards and

methodologies to be followed. The Carbon Finance Specialists will review the available

standards, including the Gold Standard, VCS and newly released Women’s Carbon

Standard, to determine which one(s) provide the best fit for these pilot projects. The

expertise and knowledge base within Nexus will be brought to bear on this project through

the engagement of the International Climate Finance Specialist and Assistant (both of whom

are Nexus staff members) to conduct feasibility studies and refine designs for each site.

The women of the selected groups will receive technical training in carbon finance and carbon

project development to use/manufacture the technologies that, as determined in the feasibility

studies, will produce the best outcomes for women to obtain benefits that enhance their lives

and livelihoods. This may be for biogas, cookstoves, biochar, waste materials, etc. It is

assumed that the implementers of the anchor projects will provide the provision of the

technical training; the focus of this RETA will be to assure that women’s groups are accessing

these trainings, and receiving direct benefits as a result of their access to these new

technologies.

The team of social/gender specialists will deliver training to the women’s groups on other

topics, including women’s leadership, planning, communication, and business skills. Other

service providing organizations with specific knowledge (such as those of entrepreneurship)

and local language capabilities will be hired as needed; some of these have been identified in

the Scoping Studies.

As a component of the training courses, the team will develop a plan to provide support to

women’s micro-enterprises groups to access loans and other needed services, based on the

project feasibility studies and project design.

To help sustain the project beyond the proposed completion date, and to inform replication

and up-scaling, the carbon finance specialists will identify a pipeline of projects led by

women. These projects would be eligible for climate change financing and will produce a

climate finance development plan based on one of the three pilots. Further work will be done

in collaboration with IGES, to identify public and private sector investment opportunities.

Over the remaining months of the project, until August 2015, women’s groups will be

monitored, and provided with coaching and support.

- 22 -

In collaboration with IGES, WOCAN will inform the development of knowledge products to

support overall project recommendations, stories, and good practices with national, regional,

and global stakeholders through various meetings yet to be identified. In addition to the

COP 20, other venues could include the Carbon Forum Asia Conference and Climate

Change Leaders Conference, among others.

The schedule of activities follows logically from the steps outlined in the work plan. The

below chart provides an indicative listing of the milestones and activities. Adjustments may

be made, taking project start times and availabilities of project participants into account.

- 23 -

Table 5: Summary of the Work Plan (Revised with Inputs from Inception Workshops)

Ph

as

e 1

: JA

NU

AR

Y-J

UN

E

201

3: s

co

pin

g a

nd

asse

ssm

ent t

desig

n

January 2013- Familiarization activities, and introduction meetings within 3 countries;

Scoping Studies in 3 countries to identify existing projects and financing sources,

organizations, women’s groups and experts

January–February 2013 - Draft Inception Report

March–May 2013-Inception Workshops; finalize Inception Report reflecting feedback

from ADB/other project participants

March–April 2013 - Review and identify best practices from previous low-carbon technology projects that were community-driven or led by women to guide development of GMS-appropriate pipeline projects

May 2013 - Identify capacity gaps and prepare plans for developing capacities

May 2013 – Conduct pre-feasibility studies and obtain inputs from women’s groups on

technologies for pilot projects.

Ph

as

e 2

:

JU

NE

-SE

PT

-

2013-

Se

ote

mb

er

Se

pte

mb

er

201

3:

Ca

pa

city

build

ing a

nd

pla

nn

ing fo

r

gen

de

r

ma

instre

am

in

g

June–September 2013 - Develop 3 tailored courses

June 2013 - Submit 6-month report

August–September 2013 - Conduct training course for IA/partners; develop indicators

and action plans

PH

AS

E3: M

AY

2013-O

CT

OB

ER

201

5: P

ILO

T P

RO

JE

CT

ES

TA

BL

ISH

ME

NT

AN

D IM

PL

EM

EN

TA

TIO

N

2014

…

May–July 2013 - Develop selection criteria and assess women’s groups

May–July 2013 - Conduct feasibility studies

June–September 2013 – Evaluate sex-disaggregated national data; review ongoing

and past baseline data; improve TA baseline; develop M and E framework

September–October 2013 - Develop and deliver technical training for women’s

groups based on feasibility studies

November–December 2013 - Develop a plan and provide support to women’s micro-

enterprises groups to access services

October–November 2013 - Identify a pipeline of projects led by women eligible for

climate change financing

November 2013 - Prepare a climate finance development plan for selected priority

interventions and pilot projects; and match pipeline projects with appropriate financial

mechanisms

December 2013 - Prepare and submit second 6-month report

April, August and December 2014 - Provide refresher training and coaching support

to women’s groups

June and December 2014 - Prepare and submit third and fourth 6-month reports

April and August 2015 - Provide refresher training and coaching support to women’s

groups

April and November/December 2015 - Disseminate lessons learned and best

practices through knowledge sharing initiatives with IGES

August–September 2015 - Prepare and submit final reports

- 24 -

2.5 REPORTING

WOCAN will regularly report to ADB, IGES, the Project Steering Committee, and other

stakeholders. This includes submissions of familiarization activities in January and February

2013,as well as submissions of the draft and final Inception Reports, draft and final biannual

reports, and draft and final reports.

Table 6: Deliverables with Proposed Dates

Date Output

15 February 2013 Draft Inception Report

31 May2013 Final Inception Report

31 May 2013 Quarterly Progress Report

31 August 2013 Quarterly Progress Report

30 November 2013 Quarterly Progress Report

28 February 2014 Interim Report

31 May 2014 Quarterly Progress Report

31 August 2014 Quarterly Progress Report

31 November 2014 Quarterly Progress Report

28 February 2015 Quarterly Progress Report

31 August 2015 Draft Final Report

30 September 2015 Final Report

- 25 -

3 Scoping Study Results

The objectives of the scoping studies are three-fold:

To present a situation analysis of gender within national and provincial policies,

plans and projects related to climate change, identifying key gaps and

opportunities for mainstreaming gender

To identify relevant government and NGO organizations, women’s groups, and

others that could be involved in the project implementation, with a brief

assessment of their capacities

To review existing climate change projects and financing sources to scope for

project financing opportunities

A review and analysis of the gender situation within national and provincial policies, plans

and projects and institutions engaged in climate change reveals that all three countries

have clear policy mandates and laws to assure gender equality and women’s rights. They

also have strong women’s unions in place at the national and subnational levels. However,

there is a need to link these effectively to implement policies and for climate change

mitigation.

A review of existing carbon financing projects shows that, with a few notable exceptions

such as biogas in Viet Nam and the Improved Cooking Stove project (ICS) in Cambodia, the

existing carbon finance projects have yet to demonstrate any large-scale community co-

benefits or any significant positive gender impacts. The Clean Development Mechanism

(CDM) project pipeline is dominated by large-scale hydroelectric projects (Lao PDR and Viet

Nam) or methane avoidance in industrial processes (Cambodia). Projects with high

community/gender co-benefits have been developed under the voluntary carbon market, in

particular under the Voluntary Gold Standard (VGS). These projects demonstrate some

common characteristics. Firstly, they are based on successful pilot phases that have been

used to refine the project design and offer proof of concept. The pilot phases have generally

been supported by international donor agencies such as the European Union (EU) or United

States Agency for International Development (USAID). Carbon finance has been used to

scale up the initiatives and has been supported through the carbon project cycle by regional

support facilities such as Nexus Carbon for Development or SNV. The successful projects

involve a market-based approach whereby commercialized dissemination of technologies is

conducted through social or private enterprises.

This RETA will enhance the quality of mainstreaming gender; it will develop models and

tools that offer mechanisms for women to benefit from carbon finance and mitigation

activities.

Though global climate funds have recently demonstrated some interest in gender issues,

the tendency to view women as vulnerable groups within the climate change forums persists,

blocking visions of national and global leaders to the possibilities that exist to link women

- 26 -

with carbon financing for mitigation. Using the voluntary carbon market, in addition to other

funding sources, ADB can demonstrate how innovative pilot projects can provide climate

change leaders and funders with a new way of looking at gender issues and women’s

inclusion, for the sake of project effectiveness as well as equitable benefit sharing.

Three pilot projects on cookstoves, biogas/biochar and waste materials will provide the

frameworks within which this RETA can strengthen the capacities of women’s groups to

consider and demand technologies that can bring maximum benefits to their lives, as well as

those of their families, using various tools of carbon and climate change finance.

In sum, meetings with government agencies have identified several opportunities for

synergies between ADB and government stakeholders in relation to this RETA. These vary

from: (i) identified needs for training; (ii) discussion of the potential of other pilot projects the

RETA could tap into; and (iii) gender mainstreaming in national policies and plans.

The following table (Table 7) provides a brief summary and overview for the three countries

based on the following:

Policy for climate change

Policy for gender

Responsible institutions

Clean Development Mechanisms (CDM)

Key emitting sectors

The overview is followed by a more elaborate summary of the scoping studies and results of

inception workshops.

- 27 -

Table 7: Scoping Studies Summary and Comparative Assessment

Lao PDR Cambodia Viet Nam

Policy for Climate change

Strategy on Climate Change for Lao PDR National policy on climate change built on existing strategies for environment, biodiversity, forestry, environmental education, and renewable energy strategy

Cambodia’s Climate Change Strategic Plan (CCCSP)

National Strategy on Climate Change Response

National Target Program in response to Climate Change

National Action Plan on Climate Change Response

- Responsible Institutions

MoNRE

National Climate Change Committee (NCCC)

MoNRE

Policy for Gender Family and Property Law

Law on the Development and Protection of Women

National Strategic Development Plan

Law on Gender Equality

National Strategy on Gender Equality for 2011-2020

National Program on Gender Equality for 2011-2015

- Responsible Institutions

Lao Women’s Union

National Committee for the Advancement of Women

MAFF, MOE (GWGs) MoEYS MOWRAM MRD MoWA NCDM

The Viet Nam Women’s Union

Ministry of Labor, Invalids, and Social Affairs

The National Committee for the Advancement of Women

CDM Implementation 4 projects registered 5 projects under validation 1 project completeness checked 10 projects approved by DNA

1 CER issued 6 projects registered 4 projects under validation 10 projects approved by DNA

166 projects registered 263 projects under validation

Key Emitting Sectors

Land-use Change and Forestry (83%) Agriculture (14%) Energy (2%) Waste (0.25%) Industrial Process

Land-use Change and Forestry (49%) Agriculture (44%) Energy (7%) Waste (0%)

Energy (43.1%) Agriculture (43%) Land-use Change and Forestry (10%) Industrial Process (7%) Waste (5%)

- 28 -

Table 8 provides a brief assessment of the relevant government and NGOs, women’s

groups, and others identified as key stakeholders in the project implementation.

Table 8: Brief Assessment of Stakeholders

Stakeholders Mandate Interest in Project Likely Inputs to Project

Viet Nam

URENCO Responsibility for sanitation service and environmental protection

Upscale lessons Gender analysis methods Gender mainstreaming approaches

Project coordination Environmental cleanup experience Sanitation experience

DPI Coordination and management of investment projects in Quang Binh

Oversight of how project activities fit into overall scheme of investment in Quang Binh province

Guidance/advice on how project activities could be up-scaled

DONRE/Dong Hoi Office of Natural Resource & Environment

Coordination of climate change related issues

Up scale lessons Gender analysis tools Gender mainstreaming approaches

Policy advocacy Integration of gender into climate change policy

CAW Promotion of the national policy on the advancement of women

Collaboration on gender trainings Policy advocacy

Quang Binh Women’s Union

Responsibility for ensuring rights of women at provincial level

Up scale lessons Skills for gender analysis and gender mainstreaming approaches

Collaboration on gender training Sanitation experience Environmental cleanup project experience Revolving fund Pilot project design support

Dong Hoi Women’s Union

Responsible for ensuring rights of women at city level

Up scale lessons Skills for gender analysis and gender mainstreaming approaches Integrate gender into CC projects

Gender training Sanitation experience Environmental cleanup project experience Revolving fund Pilot project design support

- 29 -

Stakeholders Mandate Interest in Project Likely Inputs to Project

Cambodia

MAFF/GWG Integrate gender into all sectors

of agriculture

Skills and capacity for

gender mainstreaming in

CC

Pool of potential trainers to

be trained in gender and CC

MOE/GWG Integrate gender into climate

change policy



CC



MoWA Coordinate with line ministries to

mainstream national gender

mainstreaming policy into their

programs



CC



TA 7833 Output 3: gender-sensitive

capacity building support to

government agencies, and to

women’s groups for efficient use

of biogas



CC

Lessons for out scaling

to other GMS countries

Identification of pilot projects

and provision of technical

training for women’s groups

in selected sites

Nexus Carbon

for Development

Provide capacity building and

technical support on low carbon

projects, calculate the carbon

sequestration methodology and

marketing approach

Collaboration with

WOCAN to pilot use of

Women’s Carbon

Standard

Information for feasibility

studies for pilots; assistance

with identification of carbon

finance opportunities

National

Biodigester

Programme/SNV

Conversion of waste to energy

for the rice milling sector in

Cambodia

Sharing lessons and

possible collaboration within

pilot project

GERES Capacity building for women’s

groups for cookstove production

(Stove Academy)

.

Potential collaboration to

share skills on

methodologies for carbon

credits and marketing

CEDAC Building capacity and knowledge of rural farmers in ecologically-sound agriculture through farmer-led extension services, agricultural innovation trainings, support for farmer organizations, and publications

Collaboration on biogas

development in project

site, with TA 7833

Collaboration in pilot sites in

Kampot or Takeo through

women’s groups associated

with their project activities

- 30 -

Stakeholders Mandate Interest in Project Likely Input to Project

Lao PDR

MoNRE Broaden scope of pilot projects for gender mainstreaming

Up scaling lessons generated from pilots into policy and activities at higher institutional levels (within MoNRE)

DDMCC Preparation of the Action Plan for Climate Change 2013-2020

Skills and capacity to integrate gender into the Action Plan for Climate Change

Pool of potential trainers to be trained in gender and CC and organization

RENMI/MST Integrate gender into ToT for producer groups to standardize ICS

Collaboration on gender sensitive standardization process

DSM/MST TA for standardization, specifically on women for carbon credits

Collaboration on gender sensitive standardization process

NCAW Provide input into the National Economic and Social Development Plan through gender mainstreaming at all levels of government

No specified interest although there is acknowledged interest to collaborate on expanding their internal capacity and mandate to all levels of government

Opportunity to build on their mandate within government structures for gender mainstreaming

LWU Mass organization that mobilizes women at all levels, from community to national levels

Keen interest to learn and adapt gender trainings for analysis and mainstreaming; Tot on “how to do”

Possible collaboration for WOCAN and LWU to mainstream gender at Asian universities?

SNV Assist with formulation of standards, build producer networks, provide technical assistance

Interest to ensure that gender is mainstreamed into projects

Collaboration on existing SNV pilots

ARMI Assist SNV with implementation of projects in provinces

Interest to ensure that gender is mainstreamed into projects

Collaboration on training at the field level

ICS/WB Promote public awareness and gender mainstreaming

Collaboration on standardization of stoves

- 31 -

Viet Nam

A. Situational Analysis: Gender and Climate Change

National Target Program in response to Climate Change (NTP-RCC) was

approved in December 2012. The goal of NTP-RCC is to implement the National

Strategy on Climate Change Response, including increase in awareness and

capacity to adapt to climate change, greenhouse gas emission reduction, low-carbon

economy, and active participation in international community to protect the Earth's

climate system.

National Strategy on Climate Change Response, approved in December 2011,

and National Action Plan on Climate Change Response for 2012 – 2020,

approved in October 2012, set tasks for government and other agencies to respond

to climate change.

The Law on Gender Equality has created a strong legal framework to promote gender

equality and women’s empowerment in Viet Nam. To facilitate the interpretation of

this law, various decrees have been passed to clarify and implement certain aspects,

such as Decree 70/2008/ND-CP, Decree 48/2009/ND-CP, Decree 55/2009/ND-CP,

and Resolution 57/NQ-CP.

National Strategy on Gender Equality for 2011 – 2020 was established to ensure

substantive equality between men and women in terms of opportunity, participation,

and satisfaction in the fields of politics, economy, culture, and society, and

contribution to the nation’s rapid and sustainable development.

National Program on Gender Equality for 2011 – 2015 was approved by Decision

1241/QD-TTg, dated 22 July 2011. The Program objective is to fundamentally

transform public awareness and promote behavioral changes in gender equality,

make steps to bridge the gender gap, promote women in high-risk areas of inequality,

and contribute to successful implementation of the National Strategy on Gender

Equality for 2011 – 2020.

Circular 191/2009/TT-BTC was approved by the Ministry of Finance on 1 October

2009. This Circular provides detailed guidance on management of the state budget

for gender equality and women’s advancement. It also provides government agencies

with detailed information on budgeting, budget items, allocation, and payment

procedures for activities promoting gender equality.

Given the legal framework and policies on climate change and gender presented

above, it is important to understand that gender issues have been excluded in the

- 32 -

policy planning and development of action plans for climate change at the national

level and within important environmental regulations of Quang Binh province.

Climate change response is viewed largely in technical terms. Knowledge of women

and men in coping with the impacts of climate change, as well as different women’s

groups needs and priorities, have not been taken into account in the development

and implementation of policies and action plans on disaster management and

climate change response at national and local levels.

A Climate Change Technical Team (MoNRE) has been established to mainstream

gender in the National Climate Change Policy and implementation strategies, as is

required by law. However, there is no gender expertise represented on the team and

as DONRE pointed out, they needed capacity/skills to mainstream gender into their

plans and activities. There is a general lack of capacity to integrate gender into

sectoral planning processes.

The participation of women in MoNRE and its sub-branches is limited, as there are

few women professionals in the field.

Consultations with women during policy formulation has been limited and one of the

shortcomings is a lack of specific targets or activities which address gender issues;

women and women’s issues were excluded from strategic decisions and planning for

climate change policy and programs.

There is a general lack of information and knowledge on gender impacts within

climate change adaptation and mitigation; gender analysis has not been included in

preparation of the climate change adaptation and mitigation programs and

mechanisms for implementation at the central and local levels.

Many women’s groups are involved in waste collection at the rural and suburb

communes of Dong Hoi. Althrough they did not recognize their work as directly linked

to climate change mitigation, women are contributing great efforts to climate change

mititgation in daily life. This presents opportunities for women to be involved in

climate change mitigation projects.

B. Stakeholder Institutions

Quang Binh Urban Environment Co. Ltd. (URENCO); Quang Binh Women’s Union

(WU); Department of Planning and Investment (DPI); the Office of Climate Change,

Ocean, and Islands (under DONRE); Committee for Advancement of Women (each

provincial sector has one representative who is member of the Committee at city

level); and the Dong Hoi Women’s Union are institutions that have the greatest

relevance to this project at the provincial level.

- 33 -

Dong Hoi Women’s Union (WU), like the provincial WU, is very active in

environmental sanitation. It maintains roads in neat condition (the so-called “women-

managed roads”). This activity started in Dong Hoi, and was out-scaled to other areas.

City WU also organizes women-collecting-waste teams that fund themselves by

collecting fees from households (the fee is a little less than that of URENCO).

Furthermore, City WU manages an estimated $200,000 revolving fund to lend to its

members. The fund was initially set up by the World Bank, and has since expanded.

Besides, the City WU also manages a $300,000 saving-and-lending fund for the poor.

The fund originated from SNV’s women livelihood and biogas project (NAPAL) in

2007. The biogas model has been replicated in 105 households, with good results.

Like the provincial WU, the City WU advocates the non-usage of plastic bags, and

promotes household sanitation, tree planting, and utilizing organic waste. Based on

their activities, there is a possibility of a model of women utilizing organic waste to

make fertilizer. Bao Ninh ward grows organic vegetables, so there is a demand for

fertilizer. The City WU requests a training of trainers on climate change and

occupational training for women living by the coast, who are most vulnerable to

climate change impacts. Besides that, it is advised to have training on planning,

financing, business management, and leadership skills.

C. Existing Climate Change Projects and Financing Sources

The energy sector is the largest source of emissions while agriculture ranks second,

accounting for 36%. Vietnam’s carbon dioxide emissions have more than doubled

over the past decade, standing at 113 million tons. Under a business as usual

scenario, Viet Nam’s primary energy demand will more than double; total energy-

related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions will thus quadruple by 2030. The industrial,

transport, and power sectors are projected to account for the bulk of the increase in

GHG emissions (91.3%). Agriculture emissions are projected to increase overall;

relative to other sectors, this will be smaller, accounting for 27.9% of national

emissions by 2030.

The recent National Strategy on Green Growth positions Viet Nam

in the global green economy and outlines some key measures to achieve this target.

The main plan is for energy use to become more efficient through reduced

consumption in industrial activities, transport, and commerce. Agriculture will adopt a

more sustainable development model, with farmers being introduced to new

procedures and technologies that enable a more efficient use of agricultural supplies,

resources, and technologies to process and reuse agricultural waste. By 2020, forest

coverage will be 45% through forest plantation and conservation projects. Viet

Nam is expected to play a key role in ensuring global food security with

"green power" from agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. The government will develop

and invest in Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects in these key sectors.

- 34 -

The government has approved a plan to manage the country’s greenhouse gas

emissions and establish a global carbon trading scheme after 2020. Viet Nam is the

third country in Asia to announce plans to develop a carbon market. The plan,

included in the country's formal submission to the UNFCCC, will cut greenhouse gas

emissions by 10% against 2010 levels by the end of the decade. The new carbon

market, which is likely to be modeled on the EU's emissions cap-and-trade scheme,

will cover all six greenhouse gases that are regulated under the Kyoto Protocol,

including carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydro

fluorocarbons (HFCs), perfuorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).

Viet Nam is already a relatively sizable player in the global carbon market, with 218

CDM projects and 114,534,563 tCO2 registered by the CDM Executive Board (EB),

ranking fourth behind China, India and Brazil by February 2013. These projects

concentrate around hydropower and waste management in the energy sector. By

October 2012, the EB has issued the country 7,060,089 Certified Emission

Reductions (CERs).

However, government sources insist that the Viet Nam CDM market has yet to

receive adequate attention. According to MoNRE, investors do not tend to share

costs incurred from risks during the project development and registration processes,

which results in low prices for CERs. The Emission Reduction Purchase Agreements

(ERPAs) are often drafted by buyers without much involvement from Viet Nam due to

the lack of international trade. The low CER price has significantly impacted the

development of CDM in Viet Nam. The price offered to Viet Nam's first CERs in 2008

were 19.6 EUR/ tons; this has dropped to only 1 EUR/ton in recent months.

Viet Nam has been prominent in the development of Programs of Activities (PoA),

with 19 projects in the pipeline. As with CDM projects, these are focused around the

energy sector with a predominance of hydro but also solar energy. Methane

destruction and energy efficiency projects also feature.

Viet Nam is also prominent in the voluntary carbon market, particularly in the Verified

Carbon Standard (VCS) where 55 projects are listed in the registry. As with CDM

projects, the vast majority of these projects are hydroelectric power projects.

Less prominent is the Voluntary Gold Standard that has just two projects listed. This

incorporated a national level biogas program for small-scale farmers, run under the

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD). This is the third largest

project in the Vietnamese pipeline of projects.

Nationally, 65,000 household level biogas digesters in 38 provinces have been

constructed (2003-2009). This is potentially a mitigation activity with economic

benefits. Positive benefits of biogas in Viet Nam have been identified by a FAO-

PISCES (2009) study of a project that reduced the smoke women were exposed to

- 35 -

from wood fires, improving their health and quality of life. However, more analysis is

needed of how new technologies (or old technologies that are being promoted for

new reasons) are changing gender relations to ensure that potential benefits are

realized by women.

D. Inception Workshop Results

The Inception Workshop was held at the Tan Binh Hotel in Dong Hoi on 3 April 2013.

Participants included representatives from climate and women’s agencies, and other

relevant stakeholders. Comments made on the Inception Report and Work Plan

include:

1. Quang Binh URENCO–URENCO confirmed its interest in working with the RETA on

project implementation, in particular securing further training on climate change for

technical staff. URENCO recognized that the Women’s Union will play a significant role in

project implementation and emphasized the need for their training during project

implementation. Capacity building activities must enable women to gain an understanding

of climate change. They are also currently implementing the Master Plan for Dong Hoi,

which incorporates climate change strategies; they requested the RETA provide

guidelines on ensuring gender inclusiveness and tracking emissions in city projects. Pilot

projects must provide an opportunity for Dong Hoi women to participate in climate change

mitigation.

As the implementing agency for the ADB–UFPF Proposal, URENCO agreed to review the

proposed pilots identified in the proposal and provide feedback in terms of which ones

are the most urgent, have the most potential for women’s participation and strategic value,

and the highest probability for replication. They will also coordinate with the RETA’s

carbon finance experts as the team prepares to conduct a feasibility study of the potential

pilots, and provide an additional list of potential pilot projects that can be considered for

funding under UFPF.

2. Department of Natural Resources and Environment (DONRE) – Trainings/capacity

building courses on climate change need to be conducted for local government agencies

and local people. Meetings with related agencies to provide information on the project

are also needed. Lastly, it is necessary to liaise with the Dong Hoi People’s Committee

during the project implementation. Additional recommendations are as follows:

Pilot models could include waste separation at the household level, where

women’s role is very important; limiting use of plastic bags; making biogas

from agricultural waste, including rice husks and straw; and introducing

energy-efficient cookstoves to reduce the burning of fuel wood in the

countryside. Solar energy panels could also be provided to communities

populated by ethnic minorities in remote areas.

The waste collection team could generate an income from this activity.

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Technical and financial assistance on community advocacy work (especially

that includes women and children) is needed. Climate change and gender

need to be integrated into the Climate Change Action Plan of Quang Binh,

with a vision to 2050.

There is a need to coordinate with DONRE to assess climate change impacts

at the community level, with a gender focus. This will lead to gender

integration in the action plan of Quang Binh.

3. Quang Binh Women’s Union – Quang Binh Women’s Union expressed interest in urban

planning and policy, and recognized the importance of including gender in the city

master plan implementation. They also emphasized the need to include women at the

household level in capacity building activities.

They expressed gratitude for the RETA’s provision of an operational framework to

mainstream gender in national and subnational climate change policy dialogue and

carbon finance distribution mechanisms. Towards this end, Quang Binh Women’s Union

will support the RETA through:

Providing assistance in selecting participants for capacity building activities

Supporting the selection of pilot projects by providing gender expertise

Facilitating the exchange of best practices and lessons learned by hosting a

study tour for the Lao Women’s Union and Ministry of Women’s Affairs of

Cambodia

The Union also requested the development of a detailed work plan with information on

stakeholders, responsibilities, key players, and supporting organizations. From the

presentation by Thu (focal point for the Quang Binh Women’s Union), the main

recommendation was that the project must be guided by the principle of sustainable

development and gender equality, integrated systematically across all sectors and at all

levels and addressing poverty reduction. Specifically, Thu recommends that the project:

Promote the participation of women in planning for local economic

development, disaster prevention, and climate change mitigation

Provide training on climate change and gender mainstreaming in climate

change for government agencies at all levels and in the women’s union at all

levels

Organize conferences on “women as factors to responding to climate

change”

Build a network of advocators for women’s role in climate change mitigation

Organize venues for advocacy on climate change mitigation

Develop IEC materials on “women’s participation in climate change

mitigation”

Advocate climate change mitigation knowledge dissemination to women

Organize media campaigns on climate change mitigation

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Build pilots that would generate jobs and income for women in coastal areas

such as Bảo Ninh, Hải Thành, and Quang Phú

4. Dong Hoi Women’s Union – There is a need for training of their members on socio-

economic planning and gender integration; this should be provided at the village

level as well. In terms of pilots, suggestions include:

Develop organic waste treatment systems

Provide biogas digesters and improved cookstoves

5. Waste Collection Team – Dong Hoi women should be enabled to better understand

gender equity.

6. PM Group – Project suggestions include:

Protect the coast from erosion: scale up the protection forest

Provide support for households to use biogas as a substitute for electricity,

gas, and fuel wood

Support waste collectors in separating waste types, such as organic and non-

organic, etc.

Provide funding for waste treatment (PPP project)

Save water of household usage, and in agriculture production

Promote the appropriate usage of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture

production

The revised work plan takes into consideration the comments made by various government

agencies and Inception Workshop participants.

CAMBODIA:


The National Climate Change Committee (NCCC) is comprised of senior policy-

makers from 20 ministries, with its secretariat at the Department of Climate Change

(DCC) of the Ministry of Environment (MOE). Chaired by the Prime Minister, NCCC

has the mandate to determine national positions and strategies for international

negotiations on climate change and for coordinating the development and

implementation of policies, plans, and measures to address climate change issues.

So far, the DCC has coordinated activities of NCCC and the Cambodia Climate

Change Alliance (CCCA), and provided a grant to the Ministry of Women’s Affairs

(MOWA) to develop the Climate Change and Gender Strategic Plan. This Plan

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includes activities to raise awareness and build capacity for staff at the national and

subnational levels.

NCCC, with the support of the DCC/MOE, has developed a first set of sector plans

for nine line ministries (two of the most relevant, MAFF and MOE, are described

below). The MAFF Gender Policy and Strategy in the Agriculture Sector was

launched in 2006 with four objectives:

o Enhance awareness of gender issues in agriculture sector

o Conduct gender analysis and collect sex-disaggregated data for targets, in

program/ project cycle

o Enhance the capacity of MAFF to integrate gender issues

o Increase rural women’s access to and control of agricultural resources,

improving agricultural productivity and household incomes

MOE has committed to continue promoting the role and status of women in society

by implementing the gender mainstreaming strategy in programs and activities of

socio-economic development, strengthening the rights of women’s access to all

sectors, including environment as part of the other important areas of economic and

social development of the country.

The Strategic Plan on Gender Mainstreaming for MOE (2010-2012) includes six

objectives to increase awareness about women’s leadership and skills within its staff;

increase rural women’s abilities to access and manage resource and environmental

services; and conduct sex-disaggregated monitoring and evaluation within MOE to

ensure that gender is included in all environment sectors.

The capacity assessment to be conducted after the Inception Workshop will

determine the challenges of the Gender Working Groups (GWG) and all of the above

mentioned institutions working on gender mainstreaming within climate change to

ensure visibility and sector coordination, and to determine broader sector RETA

entry points.


Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry (MAFF) GWG is composed of 15

senior MAFF staff, including 11 women and 4 men, and led by a male Under

Secretary of State. They are responsible for developing the MAFF Gender Policy

and Strategy through an extensive consultation process. It was agreed to establish

the MAFF Gender Unit (GU) as a permanent structure of the Ministry with

responsibilities to ensure the implementation of the gender policy and to advocate

for mainstreaming gender in MAFF projects and work plans of MAFF’s departments,

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faculties, and schools. Within MAFF, the policy framework of the Fisheries

Administration (FiA) includes attention to gender and climate change adaptation as

one of the strategic actions to be implemented.

Ministry of Environment (MOE) GWG prepared a gender mainstreaming strategy

in close cooperation with the Ministry of Women’s Affairs as a formal guidance

document for mainstreaming in the environment sector. The role of this working

group is to identify ways to address gender issues within the environment sector;

analyze how gender relations may affect the success of environment programs; and

how anticipated results may affect women and men differently. It also identifies key

entry points and building blocks for gender in this sector. The MOE GWG is in the

process of developing the Strategic Plan for Gender Mainstreaming to ensure that all

MOE staff at all levels will be able to implement the second phase of the

“Rectangular Strategy” by complying with the gender mainstreaming policy, in close

cooperation with other stakeholders. The GWG is now in the process of revising the

current strategic plan and preparing the next five-year plan for 2013-2015. The

capacities and challenges of this group, along with those of other government

stakeholders, will be assessed after the Inception Workshop.

Ministry of Women’s Affairs (MoWA) advocates for gender mainstreaming across

government ministries to ensure that public policymaking takes into account different

needs, resources, and perspectives of women and men.

Project Team, National Project Implementation, Capacity Building for the

Efficient Utilization of Biomass for Bioenergy and Food Security in GMS

Located within MAFF, this project is the RETA anchor project for the pilot. The

implementation team for this project provides technical assistance to support

sustainable biomass use by developing capacity to expand investment in biogas,

biochar, bioslurry and improved cookstoves in two provinces. The project recognizes

the critical role that women play in making choices about biomass use, but has

emphasized that effective outreach remains a major challenge to increased adoption

of biogas technology. They are interested in collaborating to build the capacities of

women’s groups to adopt and benefit from these technologies.

Nexus-Carbon for Development: Nexus is a cooperative of development

organizations that support vulnerable communities by scaling up successful climate-

friendly projects. This nonprofit and collaborative structure enables members to

share expertise and services, and access technical assistance and international

funding opportunities such as carbon finance. Acting together and committing to a

common vision, Nexus members benefit from economies of scale, reduced risks, and

a strong voice in the global community. At present Nexus works with several projects

in Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Viet Nam. In Cambodia, Nexus members GERES and

Hydrologic receive carbon finance with Nexus support. In Viet Nam, Nexus works

with the National Biogas Program (NBP) and SNV to disseminate biogas digesters.

- 40 -

In Lao PDR, Nexus is supporting a water purification program run by Nexus member

Terra Clear.

SNV Cambodia is part of SNV Netherlands Development Organization. It began

operating in Cambodia in 2005 in two sectors, Renewable Energy (National Bio

Digester Programme) in eight provinces of Cambodia; and Pro-poor Sustainable

Tourism in northeast Cambodia. In 2009, SNV Cambodia expanded into two more

sectors, Small Holder Cash Crops (Fruits and Vegetables); and Water, Sanitation

and Hygiene. The national Biogas Program is registered under the Voluntary Gold

Standard and financed by proceeds from carbon finance.

GERES (Group for the Environment, Renewable Energy and Solidarity) is a

nongovernmental, nonprofit organization created in 1976. It specializes in the

implementation of efficient energy solutions adapted to developing countries to

improve the living conditions of their inhabitants. In 1994, GERES Cambodia worked

on two main programs and related projects: Integrated Sustainable Biomass Supply

(ISBS) and Improved Cookstoves (ICS). In 2006, GERES Cambodia was the first

project developer to bring a stove project [the New Lao Stove (NLS)] to the voluntary

carbon market. NLS is expected to generate around 160,000 tons of carbon offsets

annually over a 10-year period (2003-2012). In December 2012, more than

2,000,000 NLS sold on the Cambodian market.

C. Existing Climate Change Projects and Financing Sources

Cambodia ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

(UNFCCC) in 1995, agreed to the Kyoto Protocol in 2002, and started to integrate

climate change into the Rectangular Strategy Phase 2, with a particular focus on the

implementation of the National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA).

The CDM and Voluntary Carbon Market are the possible mechanisms for supporting

mitigation actions in developing countries. Both mechanisms are currently being

utilized in Cambodia, particularly the CDM, with an increasing number of projects in

the pipeline. To date, six projects have been registered with a further four under

validation.

A further mitigation opportunity is from Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and

Forest Degradation (REDD+), which brings additional income from the forestry

sector through the prevention of deforestation and forest degradation. REDD+ is a

mechanism that is important in Cambodia since it is consistent with national policy

goals, especially the commitment to maintain forest cover, and to provide economic,

social, and environmental support. Cambodia joined the UN-REDD Program in

November 2009 and established the REDD+ secretariat with the Forestry

Administration and other related government agencies as members. The Readiness

Project Idea Note (R-PIN) was submitted to the UN-REDD and the World Bank’s

- 41 -

Forest Carbon Partnership Facility in February 2009. The REDD+ Roadmaps have

been developed through consultations with stakeholders. However, women’s groups

were not well represented at these meetings.

Since Cambodia ratified the UNFCCC, there have been a limited number of projects

initiated and implemented. At the time of writing, there are 10projects in the CDM

pipeline. The majority of projects reduce methane emissions associated with the

production of biogas. The majority of projects are small, with just one hydro project

that qualifies as a large-scale project. A noted point related to the pipeline is the lack

of issuing projects: the majority of projects are under validation or registration with

just one project under issuance. This indicates delays in achieving issuance of CDM

projects in Cambodia.

A major source of finance for mitigation projects is through the voluntary carbon

market, using the two main market standards, the Gold Standard and the Verified

Carbon Standard (VCS). The Women’s Carbon Standard (WCS) can be applied to

either of these standards to provide additional premiums for projects that support

women’s empowerment and bring about a new focus on the role of women in carbon

mitigation.4

Two projects are registered with the Gold Standard: a household biogas project and

a project to purify water through the dissemination of Ceramic Water Purifiers (CWP).

The Gold Standard is marketed as a premium standard with a high emphasis on

project co-benefits. This is reflected in the fact that both projects target decentralized

mitigation opportunities at the household level as opposed to the CDM pipeline,

which focuses on larger sources of emissions reductions. In both cases the projects

would be classified as small scale.5

As with the Gold Standard, there are just two projects registered with the VCS, the

benchmark standard of the voluntary carbon market: the GERES fuel-wood saving

project tackles household energy projects through the dissemination of ICS; the

second project is the only project in the pipeline targeting land use, illustrating the

high mitigation potential of forests in Cambodia.

The selected anchor project, TA 7833 (National Project Implementation, Capacity

Building for the Efficient Utilization of Biomass for Bioenergy and Food

Security in GMS), is a regional technical assistance to support sustainable biomass

use by developing capacity to expand investment in biogas, biochar, bioslurry and

improved cookstoves. In two provinces, the adoption of biogas technology has

4The Women’s Carbon Standard is an innovative approach to utilizing new market opportunities in climate

change mitigation to ensure that climate financing mechanisms value the provision of equitable benefits for women. It is meant to promote women’s empowerment while facilitating projects with high development impacts. 5 Efficiency improvement project activities that reduce energy consumption, on the supply and/or demand side,

by up to the equivalent of 60 gigawatt hours per year are classified as small scale.

- 42 -

benefitted women directly through a reduction in smoke, while also reducing the time

spent by children in collecting firewood. The project recognizes the critical role that

women play in making choices about biomass use, and emphasizes that effective

outreach remains a major challenge to increased adoption of biogas technology.

Cambodia is vulnerable to the impacts of climate change because of its agriculture

based economy and lack of access to finance. The government has been active in

the development of policies and institutions to enable the nation to benefits from

climate finance, culminating in Cambodia’s Climate Change Strategic Plan (CCCSP).

Gaps remain in public awareness and understanding of the impacts, as well as in the

opportunities of climate change and the need for coordinated response measures.

Carbon markets are active in Cambodia in both the mandatory and voluntary market.

Most of the nine projects in the CDM pipeline reduce methane emissions from

centralized production facilities. In contrast, projects in the voluntary market focus on

development co-benefits through energy efficiency, water purification, and improved

cookstoves as well as on renewable energy through biogas. Although most projects

are comparatively small, the success of the GERES New Lao Stove (NLS) project,

which has sold over 2 million improved cookstoves, illustrates that there are large-

scale emissions reductions available at the household level. The principle challenge

in large-scale households interventions are in devising appropriate technologies and

incentive structures for mass dissemination. In the case of NLS, several technologies

were trialed to identify one that did not require behavioral change on the part of the

users. The stoves were disseminated using pre-existing market channels. Producers

making traditional stoves were offered training and support to manufacture the NLS.

The higher cost of the stove means greater profits for all stages along the supply

chain. These higher costs are met by users who are compensated through savings in

fuel costs.


The Inception Workshop was held at the Hotel Cambodiana on 1 April 2013. Participants

included representatives from climate and women’s agencies, RETA 7833, and other

relevant stakeholders. Comments made on the Inception Report and Work Plan include:

1. MAFF – MAFF is currently preparing sectoral climate change strategies and is

interested in integrating gender and women into their initiatives. The Ministry is also

currently conducting carbon trading under the National Biodigester Program (NBP)

and is investigating ways to bringing benefits to households directly, instead of

returning all revenues to projects. The MAFF GWG can be service providers to the

RETA upon receiving proper training. There is also a need to provide information on

gender mainstreaming to MAFF.

- 43 -

MAFF will provide copies of the policy framework of the sectoral climate change

strategies as soon as possible. The RETA can provide support in including gender in

the proposed Climate Change Action Plan.

2. MOWA – MOWA is currently implementing an economic empowerment project in the

provinces of Takeo and Kampot that provides capacity building, capital, linkages to

the market, and production assistance. Focus is on off-farm activities and the

provision of alternative livelihoods for participants, such as handicrafts and food

processing. Specifically, MOWA is interested in:

Building capacity to mainstream gender into climate change

Increasing public awareness of gender and climate change

Ensuring women in communities understand climate change

Establishing pilot economic and social activities linked to climate change

mitigation and adaptation

At the policy level, MOWA recommends that the RETA be involved at the sectoral

level through line ministries, but it should also coordinate with women and children’s

committees at the commune level. MOWA encouraged engaging in economic

empowerment activities; establishing a connection between gender mainstreaming

action groups in different line ministries; integrating the gender mainstreaming action

plans into sectoral master work plans; and using existing mechanisms from national

to sub-national level, including provincial, district, and commune levels.

The MOWA will provide support through:

Determining the feasibility of linking activities in the potential pilot sites of

Takeo and Kampot

Coordinating in conducting a capacity building assessment, focusing on

gender mainstreaming and carbon finance

Providing support in providing leadership and entrepreneurship training to

women’s groups and communities

Providing assistance in selecting capacity building participants

3. RETA 7833 – RETA 7833, Capacity Building for Efficient Utilization of Biomass for

Bioenergy and Food Security in GMS, is the piggyback project for the RETA pilot

activities. RETA 7833 stated that they are in the process of identifying pilot projects

for their focus areas, namely, biodigester, biochar, and improved cookstoves. RETA

7833 recognizes the added value of RETA 7914 to their initiative, and confirms

collaboration to provide technical training to women’s groups on:

Biodigester plant construction and bioslurry use in agriculture crops (rice, and

vegetable) production, and organic production

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Production of biochar from rice husks and other agriculture residues, and

application of biochar for soil improvement and increase yields

Selected appropriate and efficient household improved cookstoves and

provision of education on air pollution prevention for women and children

Technical support for agriculture crop production using biochar and bioslurry

The pilot project site for RETA 7914 and RETA 7833 cooperation will be in either

Kampot or Takeo province. Both will cover biochar and biodigester. The project’s

pilot site will be selected during a field visit by RETA 7914 and RETA 7833 in early

May 2013. In Takeo, RETA 7914 will have the chance to work in cooperation with the

National Biodigester Program, which has experience in carbon trading. If Kampot

were chosen, the team will work with CEDAC, which has experience working on

women’s empowerment projects and works through several active women’s groups

at the community level.

RETA 7833 will hold a policy and standards forum on biochar and ICS on 30 May

2013. They have expressed interest for the participation of RETA 7914 to explore

women’s representation.

4. National Biodigester Program (NBP) – NBP expressed interest in learning more

about the RETA’s capacity building activities, target groups (national or grassroots

level), how women’s groups can gain access to funds, and the RETA’s ultimate

objective.

5. Ministry of Environment GWG – As the UNFCCC focal point, MOE submits national

communications to UNFCCC and disseminates the capacity results to all

stakeholders. As such, they expressed interest in the policy component of the RETA.

They are also the CDM focal point and provide advice/guidance on implementation.

Lastly, they recognize the importance of mainstreaming gender into climate change

policy and are currently preparing an action plan to facilitate integration. Possible

areas of collaboration with the RETA include:

Skills and capacity building for gender mainstreaming

Preparation of IEC materials on climate change and gender mainstreaming

Upon receiving training, preparation of a trainers manual and reference book

on climate change and gender

Cooperation in further climate change and gender mainstreaming to national

and subnational institutions

6. CARM Climate Change Specialist –CARM noted the need to coordinate with 8 ADB supported technical assistance projects mobilized under the Pilot Program for Climate Resilience of the Climate Investment Funds. RETA 8179: Mainstreaming Climate Resilience into Development Planning will help formulate climate change

- 45 -

policy approaches in various sectors. The RETA can work with the TA Team to mainstream gender and equitable benefit sharing in the projects.

7. UNDP – UNDP expressed interest in sharing experiences and lessons learned from

providing support to MOWA on gender and climate change; and to MOE, MAFF, and other sectoral ministries on climate change strategies. As it has piloted several projects related to REDD, solar-pumped water, and biodigester, UNDP can be a source of lessons and best practices for the RETA. Lastly, the UNDP/GEF Small Grants Program could provide financial support to community-based women’s groups in implementing future pilot projects (provided they meet the application requirements set by the program).

The revised Work Plan takes into consideration the comments made by various government

agencies and Inception Workshop participants.

Lao PDR


The policy environment in Lao PDR is highly conducive for mainstreaming gender in

climate change. The government has signed and ratified several international

conventions, including the Convention for the Elimination of Discrimination against

Women (CEDAW), the Convention of the Rights of the Child (CRC), and the Platform

for Action from the Fourth UN Conference on Women in Beijing, among others.

The Family and Property Law (1990) confirm the government’s intention to allocate

property and rights equitably to both women and men. So far, the law is not yet

widely disseminated and fully implemented. Women still face many aspects of

discrimination such as limited access to education, and lack of access to high level

positions in the Party, government, and grassroots level.

The National Strategy on Climate Change is built on the existing strategies for

environment, biodiversity, forestry, environmental education and awareness, and

renewable energy strategies. At present, it is unclear if MoNRE has an effective

gender mainstreaming strategy or whether there is sufficient capacity existing for the

MoNRE Committee for Advancement of Women (CAW) unit to develop and

implement a mainstreaming process. This will be further assessed after the Inception

Workshop.

- 46 -


The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MoNRE), established in

November 2011, was created by merging the Water Resource and Environment

Administration with parts of the National Land Management Authority and the

Geology Department, as well as the Protection and Conservation Divisions of the

Department of Forestry. MoNRE is the line ministry in charge of implementing the

project. Further study will be undertaken after the Inception Workshop to ascertain

the capacity levels within MoNRE to mainstream gender into climate change

programs, and to screen existing projects and/or proposals for gender sensitivity. At

this time, a more in-depth gender and institutional assessment will be conducted of

MoNRE to identify the opportunities and gaps for mainstreaming gender in the

Ministry and the National Strategy on Climate Change.

The Department of Disaster Management and Climate Change (DDMCC), within

MoNRE, is active on the policy and strategic planning level, particularly in regards to

planning and mitigation for natural disaster management. Their work is primary

focused on climate change adaptation but they are engaged in developing the non-

forestry CDM guidelines for mitigation and working with the OECC and IGES

Capacity Building for government staff to identify projects. CDM and REDD+

initiatives related to forestry are currently managed within the MAF’s Department of

Forestry and also the Department of Forest Resources within MoNRE. In regards to

technical design and standards issues associated with the ICS, the Renewable

Energy and New Materials Institute (REMNI) will be a main stakeholder for the

project.

The Lao Women’s Union (LWU) is an organization that was established to

represent the voices of Lao women and children. LWU is a mass organization under

the Party structure that falls under the control of the Politburo. The LWU has an

organizational network from the central to the grassroots levels to mobilize women

from all ethnic groups, while educating and informing them of their rights and

obligations. The LWU staff had in the past participated in gender awareness and

gender mainstreaming training, but many of those trained have left the organization.

They see the need to focus on women’s empowerment and to apply gender analysis

to improve project and activity planning, targeting, and monitoring. LWU indicated

that regional exchange visits for sharing knowledge on climate change adaptation

and mitigation are valuable and needed, and would like to know more about carbon

trading and finance to identify more opportunities. The capacities of the LWU for

mainstreaming gender into the policies and practices will be assessed and

incorporated into a plan for capacity development, after the Inception Workshop.

- 47 -

National Commission for Advancement of Women (NCAW). The Government of

the Lao PDR officially established the NCAW in 2003; it is attached to the Prime

Minister’s Office. NCAW’s tasks are to assist the government in formulating policies

that are gender sensitive. They provide the gender inputs for the 5-year National

Economic Social Development Plans (NESDPs). They have a role to report on and

to eliminate discrimination of women in the government workforce. Since its

establishment, NCAW has taken significant steps by issuing the Law on the

Development and Protection of Women (2004) and the National Strategy for the

Advancement of Women (2006). NCAW has established sub-commissions for the

advancement of women at the ministerial and provincial levels. They plan to

establish similar commissions at the district level and village levels.

Situated in the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Renewable Energy and

New Materials Institute (RENMI) has five divisions: Biogas, Alternative Energy,

New Materials, Climate Change Adaptation, and Administration. RENMI is involved

in several climate change projects related to biodiesel, waste for compost, organic

fertilizer production, ICS (testing, developing new models), and solar energy. An

initial project was for solar lighting, and they are now looking at solar water pumps,

and solar energy for cooking. They are training ICS producers, and work with ARMI

to produce formwork and establish standards. A more detailed assessment of the

projects that have a gender component will be undertaken after the Inception

Workshop.

Also situated in the Ministry of Science and Technology is the Department of

Standardization and Measurement (DSM). This agency is responsible for

standardization of materials, products, production processes, and safeguarding

certain environmental impacts.

Institute for Renewable Energy Promotion (IREP) situated in the Ministry of

Energy and Mining is the counterpart for the World Bank’s Clean Cookstove Initiative

(CSI) (Phase 1 initiated in 2010). IREP can share their knowledge of best practices

in this field and potentially have a role in the promotion of renewable energy products.

The Netherlands Development Organization (SNV) initiated the Improved Cook

Stove (ICS) project in 2010, in Savannakhet; funded by OXFAM NOVIB and Blue

Moon Foundation, the project attempts to strengthen the value chain approach by

building technical capacities of producers and retailers, and strengthening demand

by raising awareness of the benefits of the stoves among community groups. The

Association the Rural Mobilization and Improvement (ARMI) implements the ICS

program that is supported by SNV and OXFAM. ARMI has 11 staff members - 9

based in Savannakhet and 2 in Pakse. The Lao Women’s Union and the Provincial

Department of Science and Technology are the two main agencies that disseminate

and promote ICS through a service agreement with ARMI.SNV’s interest is to

- 48 -

support national expansion of the program, assist with the formulation of standards,

and ensure that gender is mainstreamed within all aspects of the value chain.

The Clean Cookstove Initiative (CSI) Phase 2 has recently been initiated, with World

Bank support. This program focuses on testing and developing clean stove

standards, and building awareness and capacity. Gender mainstreaming and carbon

finance are emphasized. An Inter-Ministerial Task Force for this CSI has recently

been established to ensure harmonization and integration of ICS activities in the

country. This includes representatives from various concerned ministries and line

agencies, including MoNRE. The World Bank suggests that the RETA works with this

same Task Force.

C. Climate Change Projects and Financing Sources

Lao PDR ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

(UNFCCC) in 1995 and the Kyoto Protocol in 2005. Lao PDR is classified as a non–

annex 1 country capable of hosting CDM projects.

Additionally, as an LDC, the country will be eligible to sell emissions reductions into

the EU emissions trading scheme.

The main legislation is the Strategy on Climate Change of Lao PDR. Implemented in

2010, it identifies priority areas for intervention of:

o Agriculture and food security

o Forestry and land use change

o Water resources

o Energy and transport

o Industry

o Urban development

o Public health

Lao PDR is a net sink of carbon emissions, owing to the underdeveloped energy

economy and large forestry resources. Principle sources of emissions are forestry,

agriculture, energy, and waste.

The government aims to increase the share of renewable energies to 30% of the

total energy consumption in 2025, and increase the rural electrification coverage

area from 70% to 90% in 2020.Participation of the private sector is expected to

achieve the targets and consequently, the government recognizes the need to

mobilize market mechanism to achieve this goal.

The Lao Designated National Authority (DNA) has approved 10projects; most of

these are hydropower projects. There are also projects under development in

energy efficiency, afforestation/reforestation, biogas, and cement production. The

- 49 -

extent of community level co-benefits are not yet known, but will be assessed during

the May 2013 review of existing low-carbon technology projects that are community-

driven or led by women to guide development of GMS-appropriate pipeline projects.

A field visit was conducted to the SNV/ARMIS ICS project site to identify gender

aspects within the components of the ICS value chain. Interviews done with a small

sample size produced the following information:

Producers: The production of the ICS is a family-based enterprise, often owned

by a man. It usually employs up to 20 people, but not all on a full time basis.

Most, if not all, of the tasks in the production of ICS are resourced from outside

the family. It is common in Lao PDR to ask second or third degree relatives to

work for the family and they do receive wages. These families and their

employees are not organized into any formal groups. Hence, there are no

existing women’s groups among the producers. Women are involved in the

assembly operations, cleaning, and finishing.

Retailers: Five of the six retailers interviewed were women. A more detailed

study will be conducted to assess whether this large percentage of women

represents a larger trend. All the women interviewed stated that ICS was an

important product in terms of generating sales and contributing to shop income.

They were mostly aware of the different qualities related to the production of ICS.

It was evident that, the larger the shop, the more knowledge and information on

production processes related to the ICS.

End users: End users are all women. Those interviewed agreed that ICS saved

charcoal and time, and produced less smoke than other available cookstoves.

ARMI stated that ICS will repay itself in fuel savings over a span of 2 or 3

months. From the brief assessment period, it emerged that there is need to

integrate small changes to cooking habits to get optimum results from the ICS.

The LWU trainers disseminate the technical knowledge for ICS users during

demonstrations. However, not all end users buy the ICS from these

demonstrations; many purchase the units from local markets.

In 2013, SNV is halting its Pilot Biogas Project using domestic biogas digesters

fueled by dung, and is carrying out pilot activities to test use of a small household

waste biogas digester. These digesters are much smaller and a fueled by biomass

from garden and kitchen waste. The first results of this pilot project are looking very

promising; hence SNV is looking forward to develop this project further and prepared

a concept note for submission to potential donors.

- 50 -


On 27 March 2013, approximately 40 policymakers, representatives from the government

and international organizations, and members of civil society convened for Inception

Workshop for the RETA 7914 at the Settha Palace in Vientiane, Lao PDR.

1. GMS - The RETA should take advantage of the technical climate change group, but

should not be limited to government partners; it should involve women’s groups.

They would like to see gender incorporated into the NAPA and Plan of Action.

2. DCCM – At the broadest level, it will be important to focus on awareness raising as

there is a limited understanding of climate change among women. In more specific

terms, DDCM would like to target greater participation of women in the Technical

Working Group on Climate Change.

3. Lao Women’s Union – The Lao Women’s Union is eager to participate in the RETA

and is particularly interested to obtain a greater understanding of how climate change

finance works, and how to best mainstream gender in climate change. LWU members

require training in climate change. They expressed concern that at the village level,

there would be limited participation of women, not because of a lack of relevancy, but

due to low levels of understanding on the topic and how it relates to needs of women.

In selecting pilot projects, understanding the background of the target groups will be

essential. If the target groups are not motivated to participate in the project, then it will

be difficult for the project to move forward. Awareness raising and leadership of

women therefore needs to be a focus of this RETA.

One of the important steps for assessing the project will be setting a baseline and

identifying the benefits that need to be measured. The project must reach objectives

for social and economic development, as well as be marketable.

The Lao Women’s Union will support the RETA through:

Establishing a network from the ground level to higher officials

Supporting awareness raising about gender and climate change issues with

women members at all levels

Informing community women about what benefits they will get, gaining their

involvement in the pilot project

5. ADB Consultants– When designing the project, it will be important to work within

existing social networks and structures. This will be particularly important because

there are not necessarily women’s organizations at the local level. There might

instead be organizations where there a large proportion of the membership is women

(e.g., in the SNV/ARMI project). Another critical element during the training will be

Lao facilitators who are familiar with the issue area and community needs. This will

be essential to build the trust and confidence needed to move the project forward.

- 51 -

A consideration related to benefit sharing involves the distribution of carbon revenue.

Frequently in the case of cookstove projects, revenue is not distributed directly to the

stove users; rather it is redistributed through the project for other purposes related to

the stove manufacture and maintenance. The problem with providing the revenue

back to the users is that if the stoves are given away or sold at very low cost, they

are often not valued and used improperly.

- 52 -

Appendices

Appendix 1: Detailed Work Plans: CAMBODIA

Output 1: Year 1 2013

ACTIVITY TASKS TIMEFRAME RESPONSI

BLE

OUTPUT 1: Gender concerns mainstreamed in climate change strategies, action plans and mitigation plans

Year 2013

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

1.1 Conduct Scoping Study to identify relevant government and NGO organizations

1.1.1 Finalize national teams of Social/Gender, Carbon Finance Specialists and Project Finance Officer

JG

1.1.2 Meet the IAs and partners, and all team members for project orientation and planning

JG/KH/SL

1.1.3 Conduct desk research, interview partners for material to describe degree of attention to gender in climate change policies and institutions; identify inception workshop participants

BG/KH/SL

1.1.4 Identify gaps and opportunities related to gender mainstreaming within government and NGO agencies and policies

BG/KH

1.1.5 Prepare reports of Scoping Studies and Draft Inception Report, prepare translations

JG/ BG/KH/SL

1.1.6 Prepare for Inception workshops and conduct Workshops JG/KH/SL

1.1.7 Prepare final Inception Report and work plans JG

1.2Conduct review/analysis of existing climate change projects and financing sources

1.2.1 Conduct desk review of existing projects, policies and financing sources

SB/EG/SL

- 53 -


BLE


Year 2013


1.2.2 Meet with anchor project staff to identify potential areas of collaboration and collect relevant information to inform design of Carbon Baseline and Feasibility Studies; determine specific project area for selected project, May 1-3

EG/KH/SL

1.2.3 Submit preliminary findings for draft and Final Inception Report

SB/KH/SL

1.3Conduct Capacity Assessment Workshop to identify gaps

1.4 Develop 3 courses

1.5 Conduct training workshops and develop indicators and action plans for gender mainstreaming

1.6 Assess climate change strategies, action and mitigation plans

1.3.1. Prepare outline and questions for Assessment by May 1 BG/SB/EG

1.3.2 Organize consultative workshops with men and women of IAs and partner organizations identified in the Scoping Study to assess their needs, May 15-17

BG/KH/SL

1.3.3 Prepare plan for training and monitoring/coaching, and prepare Draft Report, June 3

BG/KH/SL

1.3.4 Share Draft Report, finalize with inputs of participants, and circulate to partners, June 10

1.4.1 Based on Needs Assessment, develop 3 courses on gender mainstreaming, gender analysis/planning and carbon finance, June 20

BG/SB/EG

1.5.1. Identify key staff of in partner organizations to receive the training (to be done prior to Capacity Assessment Workshop on May 15)

BG/KH/SL

- 54 -


BLE


Year 2013


1.5.2 Conduct 5 day workshop for 20-25 participants to provide skills on gender mainstreaming and planning, carbon finance and advocacy, and develop indicators and action plans for gender mainstreaming, Aug 5-9 Note: Eric to attend for climate policy module; Sam to attend for carbon

finance module; Annina to assist with indicator development

1.5.3 Development of M and E Framework for Output 1 by Aug 9

BG/SB/EZ/AL

1.5.4 Provide coaching and support for participants to implement action plans, over the project period

KH/BG

1.6.1 Attend a Policy and Standards Forum on Biochar and ICS on 30 May 2013 hosted by RETA 7833

SL/KH

1.6.2. Build on preliminary findings of Scoping Studies to assess in more detail relevant climate change policies and mitigation plans that might affect development of selected project, August 19-30 1.6.3. Conduct barrier analysis on relevant laws and technical standards that might affect the development of the selected project, August 19-30

EG/SL

1.7 Quarterly Reports 1.7.1 Prepare and submit Quarterly Reports

JG

- 55 -

Working Day

Report

JG – Jeannette Gurung KH –Kalyan Hou

BG – Barun Gurung EZ –Eric Zusman

SB –Sam Bryan EG –Eleonora Gatti

AL – Annina Lubbock SL – Sona Long


ACTIVITY TASKS TIMEFRAME RESPON

SIBLE

OUTPUT 3: Three pilot projects implemented by women’s groups to develop local tools and mechanisms in order to access climate financing

Year 2013


2.1Monitor and evaluate progress

2.1.1 Review existing sex-disaggregated data of other related projects by July 15

AL

- 56 -


SIBLE


Year 2013


2.1.2 Monitor progress of women’s groups every 4 months, as per the M and E Framework

BG/KH

2.1.3Conduct Baseline Study for Carbon a) Data collection,June17-22 b) Analyze and write up Carbon Baseline Study Report by August 15

EG/SL

2.1.4 Conduct Baseline Study for Women’s Empowerment using the Women’s Carbon Standard, and revising it as needed a) Data collection, June 17-22 b) Analyze and write up Baseline Study for Women’s Empowerment Report by August 15

AL/KH

2.2 Develop selection criteria and review existing women’s groups to determine suitability for pilot project support

2.2.1. Review capacities of women beneficiaries, May 2-4 KH

2.2.2 Select women’s groups, May 2-4

KH/SL

2.2.3 Hold stakeholder consultation sessions with women’s groups to gather their concerns about technologies and address gaps identified in Baseline Studies; write brief stakeholder consultation report that will inform the choice of women’s empowerment indicators to include in the monitoring plan; brief women’s groups about project and expectations, September9 -10

KH/EG/SL

- 57 -


SIBLE


Year 2013


Quarterly Reports JG

2.3Conduct Feasibility Studies for pilots

2.3.1In collaboration with TA7833 project partners, carry out Feasibility Studies, September 9-13

EG/SL/KH

2.3.2 Analyze field data and interview key stakeholders and prepare Final Feasibility Report by October 15

2.3.3 Develop Monitoring Plan for Women’s Empowerment based on the findings of the Baseline and Feasibility Studies by October 30

AL/BG/KH

2.4 Develop and deliver technical and leadership training to women’s groups based on feasibility studies

2.4.1 Work with staff of partner organizations (TA 7833 and NBP) to adapt technical training to meet women’s needs

LS/EG/KH

2.4.2 Assure that technical training is provided to selected women’s groups of pilot projects

LS/KH

2.4.3 Measure women’s understanding of technical training and assist as necessary

BG/KH/LS

2.4.4 Develop curriculum for leadership training for women of selected groups by September 8

BG/KH

2.4.5 Train a group of trainers from CEDAC to deliver Women’s Leadership course, September 1-3

BG/KH

- 58 -


SIBLE


Year 2013


2.4.6 Provide leadership training to women (and men) within selected groups/communities, September 16-20

KH/BG

2.5 Provide support to women’s microenterprises in accessing services/inputs

2.5.1 Assess service providers for micro-enterprise services to women and services they can provide by November 8

KH/BG/LS 2.5.2 Identify and select provider of entrepreneurial skills and provide training to selected women’s groups of pilot projects on business management by November 30

2.5.3 Provide links and develop collaboration with existing micro-enterprise service providers for selected women’s groups by November 30

2.6Develop pipeline of projects led by women eligible for climate change financing

2.6.1 Hold consultative workshops with women’s groups to gain their ideas for technologies and perspectives to inform development of pipeline of projects by November 8

SB/EG/KH/SL

2.6.2 Based on Scoping Studies, Feasibility Studies and inputs from women’s groups, develop list of projects covering a variety of low-carbon technologies: improved cook stoves, waste management, recycling/composting and others by November 8

2.7Prepare climate finance development plans

2.7.1 Match pipeline projects with appropriate climate finance mechanisms,

November 11-15

SB/EG 2.7.2 Prepare a climate finance development plan for selected priority

interventions and pilot projects, November 11-15

- 59 -


SIBLE


Year 2013


2.8 Disseminate pilot lessons and best practices to regional and global stakeholders

2.8.1 In collaboration with IGES: - Develop communications plan - Gather information, prepare report - Disseminate results and best practices in regional workshop and COP 19

JG/EZ

- 60 -

Output 3: Year 2, 2014


SIBLE


Year 2014

Jan

Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec



AL/KH

3.1.2Conduct evaluation after one-year period for carbon by November 30

3.1.3 Conduct evaluation after one-year period for women’s empowerment by November 30


Interim Report JG

3.2 Develop and deliver technical and leadership training to women’s groups based on feasibility studies

3.2.1 Assure that technical training is provided to selected women’s groups of pilot projects 3.2.2 Measure women’s understanding of technical training and assist as necessary 3.2.3 Provide refresher training and coaching for leadership to women (and men) within selected groups/communities

BG/KH

- 61 -


SIBLE


Year 2014

Jan



3.3.1 Provide refresher training to selected women’s groups of pilot projects on business management 3.3.2 Assure continued links and collaboration with existing micro-enterprise service providers for selected women’s groups

BG/KH/LS

3.4 Disseminate pilot lessons and best practices

3.4.1 In collaboration with IGES: - Gather information, prepare report “Climate and Gender Experts Meeting” and attend Sixth ISAP in Yokohama, Japan - Disseminate results and best practices in regional workshop and COP 20

EZ/JG

- 62 -



SIBLE


Year 2015

Jan


4.1 Monitor and evaluate progress


KH

4.1.2Conduct evaluation after one year period for carbon by October 30

EG

3.1.5 Conduct evaluation after one year period for women’s empowerment by October 30

JG


Draft Final Report JG

Final Report JG

4.2 Develop and deliver technical and leadership training to women’s groups based on Feasibility Studies


BG/LS/KH

4.3 Provide support to women’s enterprises in accessing services/inputs

4.3.1 Provide training to selected women’s groups of pilot projects on business management 4.3.2 Assure continued links and collaboration with existing micro-enterprise service providers for selected women’s groups

BG/LS/KH


4.4.1 In collaboration with IGES, document and disseminate results and best practices

JG

- 63 -

Appendix 2: Detailed Work Plans: VIET NAM


ACTIVITY TASKS TIMEFRAME RESPONSIB

LE


Year 2013




JG


JG/HB/CH

1.1.3 Conduct desk research, interview partners for material to describe degree of attention to gender in climate change policies and institutions; identify Inception Workshop participants

BG/HB/CH


BG/LS


JG/ BG/HB/CH

1.1.6 Prepare for Inception Workshops and conduct Workshops JG/HB/CH

1.1.7 Prepare Final Inception Report and Work Plans JG



SB/EG/

1.2.2 Meet with anchor project staff to identify potential areas of collaboration and collect relevant information to inform design of Carbon Baseline and Feasibility Studies; determine specific project area for selected project, May 21-24 Coordinate with Impact Evaluation Mission for ADB PMU for PPTA 8171: Environment and Climate Change Adaptation, mid-May

SB/EG/HB/CH

- 64 -


BLE


Year 2013


1.2.3 Submit preliminary findings for Draft and Final Inception Report

SB/EG





1.3.1. Prepare outline and questions for assessment by May 1 BG

1.3.2 Organize consultative workshops with men and women of IAs and partner organizations identified in the scoping study to assess their needs, May 22-23

BG/HB/CH/N

Q

1.4.1 Based on needs assessment, develop 3 courses on gender mainstreaming, gender analysis/planning and carbon finance, June 20

BG/SB


BG/HB/CH/L

S

1.5.2 Conduct 5 day workshops for 20-25 participants to provide skills on gender mainstreaming and planning, carbon finance and advocacy, and develop indicators and action plans for gender mainstreaming, August 12-16 Note: Eric to attend for climate policy module; Sam to attend for

carbon finance module; Annina to assist with indicator development

1.5.3 Develop M and E Framework

BG/SB/EZ/AL


LS/HB/CH


BLE

- 65 -


Year 2013


1.6.1. Build on preliminary findings of Scoping Studies to assess in more details relevant climate change policies and mitigation plans that might affect development of selected project, May 23-June 7 1.6.2. Conduct barrier analysis on relevant laws and technical standard that might affect the development of the selected project, August 19-30

EG/NQ/CH

1.7 Quarterly Reports 1.7.1 Prepare Quarterly Reports

JG/HB

Working Day

Report

JG– Jeannette Gurung HB –Hop Vu Thi Bich

BG –Barun Gurung CH – Ching Hoang

EZ –Eric Zusman LS –Levan Son


AL – Annina Lubbock NQ – Nguyen Thanh Quang

- 66 -



SIBLE


Year 2013




AL


LS

2.1.3Conduct Carbon Baseline Study:(pending project approval) a) Data collection, September 16-20 b) Analyze and write up Carbon Baseline Study Report by September 30

SB/EG/NQ

/CH

2.1.4 Conduct Baseline Study for Women’s Empowerment using the Women’s Carbon Standard, and revising it as needed a) Data collection, September b) Analyze and write up Women’s Empowerment Baseline Study Report by August 28

AL/LS

- 67 -


SIBLE


Year 2013



2.2.1 Hold stakeholder consultation sessions with women’s groups to gather information about technologies of interest to them May 22

LS/BG/CH

2.2.2 Conduct pre-feasibility study to produce recommendation to URENCO on choice of pilot model by June 15

2.2.3 Select women’s groups, in consultation with M and E person assigned by ADB in Viet Nam, URENCO and Women’s Union September

LS/NQ/CH/BG

2.2.4 Brief women’s groups about project and expectations, and review capacities of women beneficiaries

LS/BG



2.3.1In collaboration with project partners, carry out Feasibility Study (Technical Design Document),September 16-20

EG/NQ/CH

2.3.2 Analyze field data and interview key stakeholders and prepare Final Feasibility Report by October 15

- 68 -


SIBLE


Year 2013


2.3.3 Develop monitoring plan for women’s empowerment based on the findings of the Baseline and Feasibility Studies by October 30

AL/BG/LS


2.4.1 Work with staff of partner organizations to adapt technical training to meet women’s needs

LS/CH


LS


LS/CH


BG/LS

2.4.5 Train a group of trainers from Dong Hoi or Quang Binh Women’s Union to deliver Women’s Leadership course, September 25-27

BG/LS

2.4.6 Provide leadership training to women (and men) within selected groups/communities, September30 –October 4

LS/BG



LS/BG 2.5.2 Identify and select provider of entrepreneurial skills and provide training to selected women’s groups of pilot projects on business management by November 30

- 69 -


SIBLE


Year 2013


2.5.3 provide links and develop collaboration with existing micro-enterprise service providers for selected women’s groups. By Nov. 31

2.6Develop pipeline of projects led by women eligible for climate change financing

2.6.1 Hold consultative workshops with women’s groups to gain their ideas for technologies and perspectives to inform the development of the pipeline of projects by November 8

SB/EG/CH/NQ

2.6.2 Based on Scoping Studies, Feasibility Studies and inputs from women’s groups, develop list of projects covering a variety of low-carbon technologies: improved cook stoves, waste management, recycling/composting and others by November 8

2.7 Prepare Climate Finance Development Plans

2.7.1 Match pipeline projects with appropriate climate finance

mechanisms, November 18-22

SB/EG/CH/NQ 2.7.2 Prepare a climate finance development plan for selected priority

interventions and pilot projects, November 18-22

2.8 Disseminate pilot lessons and best practices to regional stakeholders


JG/EZ

- 70 -



SIBLE


Year 2014

Jan


3.1. Monitor and evaluate progress


AL/LS

3.1.2Conduct evaluation after one-year period for carbon by November 30

3.1.3 Conduct evaluation after one-year period for women’s empowerment by November 30


Interim report JG



BG/LS/CH

- 71 -


SIBLE


Year 2014

Jan


3.3 Provide support to women’s microenterprises in accessing services/ inputs


BG/LS



EZ/JG

- 72 -



SIBLE

OUTPUT 3: Three pilot projects implemented by women’s groups to develop local tools and mechanisms in order to access climate financing.

Year 2015

Jan




4.1.2Conduct evaluation after one-year period for carbon by October 30

EG

4.1.3 Conduct evaluation after one-year period for women’s empowerment by October 30

AL/LS/JG


Interim Report JG

Final Report JG



BG/LS



BG/LS


4.4.1In collaboration with IGES, document and disseminate results and best practices

JG

- 73 -

Appendix 3: Detailed Work Plans: LAO PDR



BLE


Year 2013




JG


JG/PS/TB/PK

1.1.3 Conduct desk research, interview partners for material to describe degree of attention to gender in climate change policies and institutions; identify Inception Workshop participants

BG/


BG/


JG/ BG/SB/PS/TB

1.1.6 Prepare for inception workshops and conduct workshops PS

1.1.7 Prepare final Inception Report and work plans JG



SB/EG/

1.2.2 Meet with staff of additional projects (other than SNV/ARMI) using pre-screening outline to identify potential areas of collaboration and collect relevant information to inform selection of project and specific sites for selected project

SB/EG/PS/TB

- 74 -


BLE


Year 2013


1.2.3 Submit preliminary findings for Draft and Final Inception Report

SB/EG/PS/TB





1.3.1. Prepare outline and questions for assessment by May 1 BG

1.3.2 Organize consultative workshops with men and women of IAs and partner organizations identified in the Scoping Study to assess their needs, May 29-30

BG/PK/PS

1.4.1 Based on needs assessment, develop 3 courses on gender mainstreaming, gender analysis/planning and carbon finance, June 20

BG/SB


PS/BG

1.5.2 Conduct 5 day workshops for 20-25 participants to provide skills on gender mainstreaming and planning, carbon finance and advocacy, and develop indicators and action plans for gender mainstreaming, September 2-6 Note: Eric to attend for climate policy module; Sam or Eleonara to

attend for carbon finance module

Develop M and E Framework

BG/SB/EZ/AL


PK/BG

- 75 -


BLE


Year 2013


1.6.1. Build on preliminary findings of Scoping Studies to assess in more details relevant climate change policies and mitigation plans that might affect development of selected project, August 19-30 1.6.2. Conduct barrier analysis on relevant laws and technical standard that might affect the development of the selected project, August 19-30

SB/EG/

1.7 Six-month reports 1.7.1 Prepare and submit 6-month reports

JG/PS

Working Day

Report

JG – Jeannette Gurung PK – Phanlany Khampoui

BG –Barun Gurung PS – Paul van Strijp

EZ –Eric Zusman TB – Tony Bott


AL – Annina Lubbock

- 76 -



SIBLE


Year 2013




AL


PK

2.1.3Conduct Baseline Study for Carbon for projects other than SNV. (already completed for SNV project) a) Data collection, July 1-5 b) Analyze and write up Carbon Baseline Study Report by July 15

SB/EG

2.1.4 Conduct Baseline Study for Women’s Empowerment using Women’s Carbon Standard, and revising it as needed a) Data collection, July 1-5 b) Analyze and write up Women’s Empowerment Baseline Study Report by July 15

AL/JG/PK


2.2.1. Conduct Gender Assessment for SNV; review capacities of SNV/ARMI and women beneficiaries in value chain, to provide inputs to output 3 pilot project women’s group selection/formation and capacity development, June 3-7

PS/TB

2.2.2 Select women’s groups from existing groups and brief women’s groups about project and expectations June 3-7

PK

- 77 -


SIBLE


Year 2013


2.2.3 If not existing, form women’s groups. PK/BG

2.2.3 Hold stakeholder consultation sessions with women’s groups to gather their concerns about technologies and address gaps identified in baseline studies; October 14-18

BG/PK/PS

6-Month reports JG


2.3.1In collaboration with project partners, carry out Feasibility Study (not necessary for SNV),October 20-25

SB/EG/

2.3.2 Analyze field data and interview key stakeholders and prepare Final Feasibility Report by November 10

2.3.3 Develop monitoring plan for women’s empowerment based on the findings of the Baseline and Feasibility Studies by October 30

AL/BG/PK


2.4.1 Work with staff of partner organizations to adapt technical training to meet women’s needs

PK


PK


BG/PK


BG/PK

- 78 -


SIBLE


Year 2013


2.4.5 Train a group of trainers from Lao Women’s Union at the provincial level to deliver women’s leadership course, October 9-11

BG/PK

2.4.6 Provide leadership training to women (and men) within selected groups/communities, October 14-19

PK/BG



PK/BG 2.5.2 Identify and select provider of entrepreneurial skills and provide training to selected women’s groups of pilot projects on business management by December 15

2.5.3 provide links and develop collaboration with existing micro-enterprise service providers for selected women’s groups. By Dec, 15

2.6 Develop pipeline of projects led by women eligible for climate change financing

2.6.1 Hold consultative workshops with women’s groups to gain their ideas for technologies and perspectives to inform the development of the pipeline of projects by November 30

SB/EG 2.6.2 Based on Scoping Studies, Feasibility Studies and inputs from women’s groups, develop list of projects covering a variety of low-carbon technologies: improved cook stoves, waste management, recycling/composting and others by Dec 15

2.7 Prepare Climate Finance Development Plans

2.7.1 Match pipeline projects with appropriate climate finance

mechanisms, December 15

SB/EG 2.7.2 Prepare a climate finance development plan for selected priority

interventions and pilot projects, December 15

- 79 -


SIBLE


Year 2013


2.8 Disseminate pilot lessons and best practices to regional and global stakeholders


JG/EZ

- 80 -



SIBLE


Year 2014




AL/LS

3.1.2Conduct evaluation after one-year period for carbon by December 30

3.1.3 Conduct evaluation after one-year period for women’s empowerment by December 30

6-month reports JG



BG/LS



BG/LS

- 81 -


SIBLE


Year 2014




EZ/JG

- 82 -



SIBLE


Year 2015


4.1 Monitor and evaluate progress


4.1.2Conduct evaluation after one-year period for carbon by November30

SB/EG

4.1.3 Conduct evaluation after one year period for women’s empowerment by November 30

AL//JG

6-month reports JG



BG/PK



BG/PK


4.4.1In collaboration with IGES, document and disseminate results and best practices

JG

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